CN111416181A - Heating assembly and battery pack - Google Patents

Heating assembly and battery pack Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111416181A
CN111416181A CN202010235216.1A CN202010235216A CN111416181A CN 111416181 A CN111416181 A CN 111416181A CN 202010235216 A CN202010235216 A CN 202010235216A CN 111416181 A CN111416181 A CN 111416181A
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battery
heaters
battery module
heater
heat dissipation
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CN111416181B (en
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张广平
陈正金
周夏荣
王伟
劳力
周鹏
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Sinoev Hefei Technologies Co Ltd
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Sinoev Hefei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a heating assembly and a battery pack, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The heating assembly and the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise a plurality of heaters which are mutually connected in series and/or in parallel, wherein the heaters are configured to heat the battery modules, at least one heater is configured on each battery module, and the current proportion obtained by each heater in a circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is positively correlated with the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module which is correspondingly configured with the heater.

Description

Heating assembly and battery pack
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a heating assembly and a battery pack.
Background
In the new energy electric vehicle used in cold regions, the temperature of the lithium ion battery in the battery pack is probably lower than 0 ℃, and the ideal working temperature range of the lithium ion battery is 15-40 ℃. Under the condition of low temperature, the battery pack has the phenomena of capacity reduction, internal resistance increase, internal side reaction increase and the like, particularly, the phenomenon of lithium precipitation is easy to occur during charging, the service life of the battery is greatly reduced, and the safety risk is increased. In order to solve this problem, at present, most of the battery modules in the battery pack are provided with a heating film/wire for heating.
However, different battery packs have different complex structures, resulting in different heating requirements for each battery module, and by adopting the method, the temperature difference between the modules can be generated in the heating process. The inter-module temperature difference may cause a difference in State of Charge (SOC) of the battery between the modules, thereby affecting the working performance and also causing a difference in the life of the battery between different modules.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above research, the present invention provides a heating assembly and a battery pack to improve the above problems.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, embodiments provide a heating assembly, including a plurality of heaters connected in series and/or in parallel, the heaters being configured to heat battery modules, at least one of the heaters being disposed on each of the battery modules;
the current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is positively correlated with the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module correspondingly configured to the heaters.
In an alternative embodiment, the current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the stacking arrangement relationship of the battery modules correspondingly configured to the heaters; the heat dissipation capacity of the stacked battery modules is weaker than that of the non-stacked battery modules.
In an alternative embodiment, the current proportion obtained in the circuit by the heater after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the battery module adjacent to the battery module corresponding to the heater; the heat dissipation capacity of the battery modules adjacent to the other battery modules on the peripheral side is weaker than that of the battery modules not adjacent to the other battery modules.
In an alternative embodiment, the current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the area of the battery pack shell contacted by the battery module correspondingly configured to the heaters; the more the area of the battery pack shell is contacted, the stronger the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module is.
In an alternative embodiment, the current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the heat dissipation material contacted by the battery module correspondingly configured to the heaters; the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module which is not contacted with the heat dissipation material is weaker than that of the battery module which is contacted with the heat dissipation material.
In an alternative embodiment, the heaters are of uniform gauge.
In an alternative embodiment, the heater is a PTC or common resistance wire heater.
In an alternative embodiment, when the heater is a PTC heater, the resistance of the heater becomes greater when the temperature rises to a preset threshold.
In a second aspect, embodiments provide a battery pack, including a plurality of battery modules and a plurality of heaters connected in series and/or in parallel, the heaters being configured to heat the battery modules, at least one of the heaters being disposed on each of the battery modules;
the current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is positively correlated with the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module correspondingly configured to the heaters.
In an alternative embodiment, the battery pack comprises a battery pack shell, and each battery module is arranged in the battery pack shell;
the current proportion obtained by the heater in a circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the area of a battery pack shell contacted by a battery module correspondingly configured to the heater; wherein, the more the area of contact battery package casing the more the heat-sinking capability of battery module is stronger.
The heating assembly and the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise a plurality of heaters which are mutually connected in series and/or in parallel, wherein the heaters are configured to heat the battery modules, at least one heater is configured on each battery module, and the current proportion obtained by each heater in a circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is positively correlated with the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module which is correspondingly configured with the heater.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic assembly diagram of a heating assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another assembly diagram of the heating assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an application scenario of the heating assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic connection diagram of a heating element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of another application scenario of the heating assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is another connection diagram of the heating assembly according to the embodiment of the invention.
Icon: 10-a heater; 20-battery module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Additionally, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings or that the product of the present invention is used as it is, this is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and it does not indicate or imply that the device or the element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The ideal working temperature range of the lithium battery is 15-40 ℃, and the temperature of the lithium battery in the battery pack of the new energy electric vehicle used in cold regions is probably lower than 0 ℃. Under the condition of low temperature, the lithium battery has the phenomena of capacity reduction, internal resistance increase, internal side reaction increase and the like, particularly, the phenomenon of lithium precipitation is easy to occur during charging, the service life of the battery can be greatly reduced, and the safety risk is increased.
At present, most of the battery modules are provided with the same heating film or heating wire, and then the battery modules are heated firstly, so that each battery module obtains the same heating power, and the battery modules are enabled to work after the temperature of the battery modules is increased to the appropriate temperature. And the battery package is metal casing usually, the partial heat of battery module can conduct to shell (generally for the drain pan) among the heating process, therefore, the heat dissipation condition that is located the battery module at battery package both ends is good, different battery packages have different complex structure simultaneously, the battery module size and the quantity that different positions were placed in the battery package all can be differed, and some positions are very likely to be that a plurality of battery modules vertically superpose together in the battery package, these circumstances all can lead to different battery module heat dissipation different, and then make the difference in temperature between the battery module in the heating process, and the difference in temperature between the stack meeting aggravation battery module of multiple condition. The difference in temperature between the battery modules may cause differences in SOC of the battery modules, thereby affecting the working performance and causing differences in the life of the battery modules.
Based on the above research, the present embodiment provides a heating assembly to improve the above problems.
Referring to fig. 1, the heating assembly of the present embodiment includes a plurality of heaters 10 connected in series and/or in parallel, wherein the heaters 10 are configured to heat battery modules 20, and at least one heater 10 is configured on each battery module 20.
The current ratio obtained in the circuit after the heaters 10 are connected in series or in parallel is positively correlated with the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module 20 correspondingly configured to the heaters 10.
Alternatively, the heater 10 may be a PTC heater or a general resistance heater.
As an alternative embodiment, in this embodiment, the heater 10 may be formed in a film shape using a material such as a PTC heater, and attached to the surface of the battery module 20 to heat the battery module, as shown in fig. 2. Alternatively, the heater 10 is formed in a wire shape using a material such as a PTC heater, and is mounted on a metal frame (not shown) of the battery module 20 to heat the battery module, as shown in fig. 1.
As an alternative embodiment, when the heater is a PTC heater, the resistance value of the heater becomes large when the temperature rises to a preset threshold value.
Wherein the preset threshold value may be set based on a curie temperature and an applied voltage of the resistance of the selected PTC heater.
In an exemplary embodiment, after the PTC heater is powered up for self-heating temperature rise, if the battery system fails in heating control, the PTC heater is always in a heating temperature rise state, but when the PTC heater is heated to a preset threshold, the resistance value of the PTC heater enters a jump zone, at this time, the resistance value of the PTC heater is sharply increased, the current is rapidly reduced, and meanwhile, the surface temperature of the PTC heater is kept at a constant value, namely, the preset threshold, so that dry-burning protection is performed on the battery module, and the thermal runaway accident caused by the over-high temperature of the battery module is prevented.
In order to solve the problem of temperature difference during heating between the battery modules, the most direct method is to configure heaters with different specifications for different battery modules, but the method can greatly improve the production and installation costs. Therefore, in this embodiment, the specification of the heater of different battery modules is the same, and resistance is also the same promptly, and then in actual assembly production, when connecting in series or parallelly connected to the heater, only need simple carry on the interface of heater mate the installation can, guaranteed the convenience in production and the installation to cost when having reduced production and installation, simultaneously, effectively reduced the difference in temperature between the battery module.
In this embodiment, each battery module is configured with at least one heater, the heaters of each battery module are connected in series or in parallel according to the heat dissipation capacity of each battery module, and after being connected in series or in parallel, the heaters of each battery module are connected with the heating circuit of the battery system, so that the current proportion obtained by the heaters of each battery module is positively correlated with the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module, wherein the battery module with poor heat dissipation capacity has a lower obtained current proportion and a battery module with strong heat dissipation capacity has a higher obtained current proportion, and further, when the battery modules are heated based on the heaters, the heating powers obtained by different battery modules are different, the battery modules with poor heat dissipation capacity have lower obtained heating powers and stronger heat dissipation capacities, the obtained heating powers are higher, and the temperature difference among the modules caused by the difference of the heat dissipation capacities of the battery modules is effectively compensated, improving operating performance and battery life.
In the present embodiment, the number of heaters and the connection manner of each battery module are set according to the obtained current ratio, that is, according to the heating power required by each battery module. The heating power required by each battery module is related to the heat dissipation capacity of each battery module, so that the embodiment can analyze the heat dissipation capacity of each battery module to obtain the heating power of each battery module, obtain the current proportion obtained by the heater of each battery module according to the heating power of each battery module, and connect the heaters of the battery modules in series or in parallel according to the current proportion, so that the current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is positively related to the heat dissipation capacity of the battery modules configured corresponding to the heaters.
As an alternative implementation manner, in this embodiment, the total power required for heating the battery pack may be determined through a simulation method, and then the total power may be distributed according to the heat dissipation conditions of the placement positions of the battery modules in the battery pack, so as to obtain the heating power required by the battery modules.
In order to improve the control precision during heating and reduce the temperature difference between different battery modules, in this embodiment, the heating power of each battery module can also be directly obtained by using a heat transfer equation.
The heat transfer equation is Q ═ k · a · Δ T, where Q is heating power, k is a heat transfer coefficient between the battery module and the outside, a is a heat transfer contact area, and Δ T is a temperature difference between the battery module and the environment.
On the other hand, the heating power of each battery module can be directly obtained by utilizing the existing simulation software, and reasonable boundary conditions and parameters are set according to the actual condition of the battery module, so that the more accurate heating power of the battery module can be obtained.
Because the heat dissipation capacity of each battery module is related to the heat dissipation condition of each battery module, the heat dissipation capacity of the battery modules can be analyzed according to the heat dissipation conditions of different battery modules.
In practical application, the heat dissipation conditions such as the placement position (whether the battery modules are stacked), whether the adjacent battery modules are arranged, the contact area between the adjacent battery modules and the battery pack shell and the like all affect the heat dissipation capacity of the battery modules, so that the heat dissipation capacity of the battery modules can be analyzed based on the placement position (whether the battery modules are stacked), whether the adjacent battery modules are arranged, the contact area between the adjacent battery modules and the battery pack shell and the like, the current proportion required by the heater of the battery modules is obtained, and then the heaters of the battery modules are connected in series or in parallel according to the required current proportion, so that the current proportion obtained by the heaters in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is positively correlated with the heat dissipation capacity of the battery modules correspondingly configured with the heaters.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the current ratio obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel by the heaters is related to the stacking arrangement relationship of the battery modules configured corresponding to the heaters; the heat dissipation capacity of the stacked battery modules is weaker than that of the non-stacked battery modules.
As shown in fig. 3, the battery modules 1 and 2 are respectively located at the front and middle positions of the battery pack in a tiled arrangement, i.e., a non-stacked arrangement, and the battery modules 3, 4, and 5 are located at the rear position of the battery pack in a stacked arrangement. In the using process of the battery pack, most of the heat of the battery modules can be dissipated through the metal bottom shell, in the heating process by using the heater, if the heaters of the battery modules use the same power, because the battery modules 4 and the battery modules 5 are not in contact with the bottom shell, the dissipated heat is less than that of the modules in contact with the bottom shell, and because the battery modules 3, the battery modules 4 and the battery modules 5 are laminated together, the heaters of the three battery modules work together, and the heating power is the sum of the heating powers of the heaters of the three battery modules, so that the heat accumulated by the battery modules 3, the battery modules 4 and the battery modules 5 can be more, particularly the battery modules 4 and the battery modules 5. After heating for a long time, the temperatures of the battery module 3, the battery module 4, and the battery module 5 are gradually higher than those of the battery module 1 and the battery module 2, and a temperature difference is caused.
In this case, in order to reduce the inter-module temperature difference, the heating power required by each battery module may be analyzed based on the heat dissipation capacity of the lamination position of each battery module to obtain the heating power of each battery module, and after the heating power of each battery module is obtained, the current proportion obtained by the heater of each battery module in the circuit may be obtained according to the resistance of the heater of each battery module, so that the heaters of each battery module may be connected in series or in parallel according to the current proportion, and the current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the lamination arrangement relationship of the battery modules configured corresponding to the heater.
For example, the total heating power W required for the battery pack is W, and based on the structure of fig. 3, the battery module 4 and the battery module 5 are used as one heating unit, the battery module 1, the battery module 2, and the battery module 3 are used as one heating unit, respectively, the total heating power W is distributed, wherein the heating powers of the heaters of the battery module 1, the battery module 2 and the battery module 3 are w/4, respectively, the heating powers of the heaters of the battery module 4 and the battery module 5 are w/8, respectively, since the heaters of the respective battery modules have the same specification, the heaters of the battery modules 1, 2, and 3 obtain the same current ratio in the circuit, and the heaters of the battery modules 4 and 5 obtain the same sum of current ratios in the circuit as the heaters of the battery modules 1, 2, and 3 obtain the same current ratio in the circuit. In this way, the heaters of the battery module 1, the battery module 2, and the battery module 3 may be connected in series, the heaters of the battery module 4 and the battery module 5 may be connected in parallel, and the heaters of the battery module 1, the battery module 2, and the battery module 3 may be connected in series after the parallel connection, as shown in fig. 4.
With such an arrangement, the current ratios obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel can be related to the stacking arrangement relationship of the battery modules arranged corresponding to the heaters, and further, when heating is performed, the heating power obtained by the battery module 4 and the battery module 5 is lower than the heating power obtained by the battery module 1, the battery module 2 and the battery module 3, so that the temperature difference among the modules can be effectively reduced.
Alternatively, if half of the modules exist in the battery pack when the battery pack is assembled, for example, as shown in fig. 5, the battery module 5 only includes half of the modules, the heater of each of the original battery modules may be divided into two, the divided heaters may be connected in parallel (for example, the membrane area of each of the original heaters is reduced by half to divide the heater into two and use the two in combination), and the heaters of the other battery modules may be connected in series after being connected in parallel, as shown in fig. 6. The heater of each original battery module can be split into a plurality of heaters, the embodiment is not limited, and only the heater needs to be connected in series or in parallel, and the obtained current proportion can meet the heating power required by the battery module.
In order to further reduce the temperature between the modules, in the present embodiment, the current ratio obtained in the circuit by the heater after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the battery module adjacent to the battery module corresponding to the heater; the heat dissipation capacity of the battery modules adjacent to the other battery modules on the peripheral side is weaker than that of the battery modules not adjacent to the other battery modules.
The current proportion obtained by the heater in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the area of the battery pack shell contacted by the battery module correspondingly configured to the heater; the more the area of the battery pack shell is contacted, the stronger the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module is.
When the battery module is heated, the heat of the battery module is mainly divided into heat required for heating the battery module, other surrounding devices, the shell and the like and heat dissipated in the surrounding external environment. For small components attached to the periphery of the battery module, the heating heat can be ignored, and the natural convection of air exists in the natural environment of the battery pack shell, and the heat needs to be considered; if there are other battery modules on the peripheral side of the battery module, the other battery modules also operate as heaters, and therefore, the influence of the temperature rise of the adjacent battery modules should be considered.
The heating power of each battery module is obtained by analyzing the heat dissipation capacity of each battery module according to the heat dissipation conditions such as the area of the battery module adjacent to each battery module and the area of the battery pack shell contacted with each battery module, and the current proportion of the heater of each battery module in the circuit can be obtained according to the resistance of the heater of each battery module after the heating power of each battery module is obtained, so that the heaters of each battery module can be connected in series or in parallel according to the current proportion, and the current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the battery modules adjacent to the battery modules correspondingly configured to the heaters and the area of the battery pack shell contacted with the battery modules correspondingly configured to the heaters.
The battery pack heating device has the advantages that the battery module adjacent to the battery module and the area of the battery pack shell contacted with the battery module are considered, so that the influence of heat is generated when the battery module is heated, the accuracy of the heating power analysis of the battery module can be effectively improved, the accuracy of the current proportion required by the heater of the battery module is improved, the heater based on the battery modules connected in series or in parallel in the current proportion is enabled, the heating power provided is closer to the actually required heating power of the battery module when the battery pack heating device works, and the temperature difference between the modules is reduced.
The battery module 1 in fig. 3 is taken as an example for explanation.
Required power for heating the battery module 1:
Figure BDA0002429521290000121
wherein q is power, c is specific heat capacity of components such as a battery module or a shell, m is mass of corresponding components such as the battery module or the shell, Delta T is temperature rise in unit time, and cm Delta T comprises thermal power c required by the temperature rise of the battery module1m1ΔT1Thermal power c required for heating of parts adjacent to the casing2m2ΔT2Etc. (negligible); k is the thermal conductivity of the different components, a is the contact area with the housing, T is the temperature, x is the transfer distance or material thickness,
Figure BDA0002429521290000122
comprises a battery module 1, a cover and a heat sink
Figure BDA0002429521290000123
Radiating heat to the outside through the bottom case
Figure BDA0002429521290000124
And heat dissipation adjacent to the battery module 2
Figure BDA0002429521290000125
After the heating power required in the heating process of the battery module 1 is calculated, the heating power q is equal to I2R, the current I (current ratio) obtained by the heater of the battery module 1 in the circuit is obtained, and R is the resistance value of the heater. Similarly, for other battery modules, the current proportion obtained by the heater of each battery module in the circuit can be obtained in the above manner, and then the current proportion of each battery module is obtained according to the current proportion obtained by the heater of each battery module in the circuitThe heaters are connected in series or in parallel. Therefore, the temperature difference between the modules caused by the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module can be effectively compensated, and the working performance and the service life of the battery are improved.
Because in practical application, different battery modules may be provided with heat dissipation materials, if the battery module contacts with the heat dissipation materials, the heat dissipation materials also have a great influence on the heat dissipation capability of the battery module. Therefore, in an alternative embodiment, the current proportion obtained in the circuit by the heater after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the heat dissipation material contacted by the battery module correspondingly configured to the heater; the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module which is not contacted with the heat dissipation material is weaker than that of the battery module which is contacted with the heat dissipation material.
If the battery module contacts with the heat dissipation material, the influence of the heat dissipation material on the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module is considered, and therefore the heating power of the battery module is obtained. After the heating power of the battery module is obtained, the current proportion of the heater of the battery module in the circuit can be obtained according to the resistance of the heater of the battery module, so that the heaters of the battery module can be connected in series or in parallel according to the current proportion, and the current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the heat dissipation material contacted with the battery module correspondingly configured to the heaters.
If the battery module is contacted with the heat insulation material, the current proportion obtained by the heater in the circuit after the heater is connected in series or in parallel is related to the heat insulation material contacted with the battery module correspondingly configured to the heater; the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module which is in contact with the heat insulation material is weaker than that of the battery module which is not in contact with the heat insulation material.
If the battery module is contacted with the thermal insulation material, the influence of the thermal insulation material on the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module is considered, and therefore the heating power of the battery module is obtained. After the heating power of the battery module is obtained, the current proportion of the heater of the battery module in the circuit can be obtained according to the resistance of the heater of the battery module, so that the heaters of the battery module can be connected in series or in parallel according to the current proportion, and the current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the heat insulation material contacted with the battery module correspondingly configured to the heaters.
The heat dissipation capacity of the battery module is analyzed through the heat dissipation conditions such as the heat dissipation materials or the heat preservation materials contacted with the battery module, the accuracy of the analysis of the heating power of the battery module can be effectively improved, the accuracy of the current proportion required by the heater of the battery module is further improved, so that the heating power provided by the heater based on the battery modules connected in series or in parallel in the current proportion is closer to the actual required heating power of the battery module when the heater works, and the temperature difference between the modules is effectively reduced.
The heating assembly provided by the embodiment is characterized in that at least one heater is arranged on the battery module, and the current proportion obtained by each heater in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is positively correlated with the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module correspondingly arranged by the heater, so that the battery module can be heated according to the heat dissipation capacity (required heating power) of the battery module for different battery modules, the heating requirements of different battery modules are met, the temperature difference between the battery modules is effectively reduced, the working performance is improved, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.
On the basis of the above, the present embodiment further provides a battery pack, which includes a plurality of battery modules and a plurality of heaters connected in series and/or in parallel, wherein the heaters are configured to heat the battery modules, and at least one of the heaters is configured on each of the battery modules.
The current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is positively correlated with the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module correspondingly configured to the heaters.
In an alternative embodiment, the battery pack comprises a battery pack housing, and each battery module is arranged in the battery pack housing.
The current proportion obtained by the heater in a circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the area of a battery pack shell contacted by a battery module correspondingly configured to the heater; wherein, the more the area of contact battery package casing the more the heat-sinking capability of battery module is stronger.
Since the battery pack and the heating element provided in this embodiment have the same or corresponding structures, for convenience and simplicity of description, the structure and the working principle of the battery pack described above may refer to the corresponding process in the heating element, and thus are not described in detail herein.
To sum up, the heating assembly and the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise a plurality of heaters which are connected in series and/or in parallel, wherein the heaters are configured to heat the battery modules, at least one heater is configured on each battery module, and the current proportion obtained by each heater in a circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is positively correlated with the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module which is configured correspondingly by the heater.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A heating module comprising a plurality of heaters connected in series and/or in parallel with each other, the heaters being configured to heat battery modules, at least one of the heaters being provided on each of the battery modules;
the current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is positively correlated with the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module correspondingly configured to the heaters.
2. The heating assembly according to claim 1, wherein the current ratio obtained in the circuit of the heaters after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the stacking arrangement relationship of the battery modules correspondingly configured to the heaters; the heat dissipation capacity of the stacked battery modules is weaker than that of the non-stacked battery modules.
3. The heating assembly according to claim 1, wherein the current ratio obtained in the circuit of the heater after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the battery module adjacent to the battery module corresponding to the heater; the heat dissipation capacity of the battery modules adjacent to the other battery modules on the peripheral side is weaker than that of the battery modules not adjacent to the other battery modules.
4. The heating assembly of claim 1, wherein the current ratio obtained in the circuit of the heater after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the area of the battery pack case contacted by the battery module correspondingly configured to the heater; the more the area of the battery pack shell is contacted, the stronger the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module is.
5. The heating assembly of claim 1, wherein the current ratio obtained in the circuit of the heaters after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the heat dissipation material contacted by the battery module correspondingly configured to the heaters; the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module which is not contacted with the heat dissipation material is weaker than that of the battery module which is contacted with the heat dissipation material.
6. The heating assembly of claim 1, wherein each of the heaters are of uniform gauge.
7. A heating assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heater is a PTC heater or a resistance wire heater.
8. A heating assembly as claimed in claim 7, wherein when the heater is a PTC heater, the resistance of the heater increases as the temperature rises to a predetermined threshold.
9. A battery pack is characterized by comprising a plurality of battery modules and a plurality of heaters which are connected in series and/or in parallel, wherein the heaters are configured to heat the battery modules, and at least one heater is configured on each battery module;
the current proportion obtained in the circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is positively correlated with the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module correspondingly configured to the heaters.
10. The battery pack of claim 9, wherein the battery pack includes a battery pack housing, each of the battery modules being disposed within the battery pack housing;
the current proportion obtained by the heater in a circuit after the heaters are connected in series or in parallel is related to the area of a battery pack shell contacted by a battery module correspondingly configured to the heater; wherein, the more the area of contact battery package casing the more the heat-sinking capability of battery module is stronger.
CN202010235216.1A 2020-03-27 2020-03-27 Heating assembly and battery pack Active CN111416181B (en)

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DE102016224450A1 (en) * 2016-12-08 2018-06-14 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Battery test cell and method for testing the thermal behavior of a battery module
CN109698395A (en) * 2017-10-20 2019-04-30 河南森源重工有限公司 Battery pack heating system, battery pack and battery pack heating means
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CN105633506A (en) * 2016-03-04 2016-06-01 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Battery heating system
DE102016224450A1 (en) * 2016-12-08 2018-06-14 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Battery test cell and method for testing the thermal behavior of a battery module
CN109698395A (en) * 2017-10-20 2019-04-30 河南森源重工有限公司 Battery pack heating system, battery pack and battery pack heating means
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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