CN111411268A - A kind of Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy with high strength, toughness and heat resistance suitable for pressure casting and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy with high strength, toughness and heat resistance suitable for pressure casting and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018580 Al—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018138 Al-Y Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000946 Y alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018182 Al—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018571 Al—Zn—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000636 Ce alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000858 La alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012356 Product development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000691 Re alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al‑RE‑Y‑Zr合金及其制备方法，所述合金包含按质量百分比计的如下元素：3～11％RE，0.1～5％Y，0.1～0.4％Mg，0.01～0.5％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素；其中，RE为La和Ce中的至少一种元素。本发明的高强韧耐热Al‑RE‑Y‑Zr合金经压力铸造后，压铸态合金室温抗拉强度高达275MPa，延伸率高达19.5％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度达到134MPa，延伸率高达25％，所述合金不需要后续的热处理便可使用，满足航空航天、军工、汽车等行业对轻量化发展的高端需求。
The invention provides a high-strength, toughness, heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting and a preparation method thereof. The alloy contains the following elements in terms of mass percentage: 3-11% RE, 0.1-5% Y, 0.1-0.4% Mg, 0.01-0.5% Zr, and the rest are Al element and inevitable impurity elements; wherein, RE is at least one element in La and Ce. After the high-strength, toughness, heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy of the present invention is pressure-cast, the room temperature tensile strength of the die-cast alloy is as high as 275 MPa, and the elongation is as high as 19.5%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C reaches 134 MPa, and the elongation Up to 25%, the alloy can be used without subsequent heat treatment, meeting the high-end demand for lightweight development in aerospace, military, automotive and other industries.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于工业用铝合金及其制造技术领域，涉及一种Al-RE-Y-Zr合金及其制备方法，尤其涉及一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial aluminum alloy and its manufacture, relates to an Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a high-strength, toughness, heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting and its preparation method.
背景技术Background technique
铝合金是以铝为基体的合金总称，具有密度小，强度较高的特点，具有优异的比强度。主要的合金体系有Al-Si系，Al-Cu系，Al-Mg系等。在交通，汽车，机械制造，航空航天领域有着广泛的应用。特别是耐热铝合金作为导线使用的铝合金则需要在保证良好的电导率和抗氧化能力的条件下，具有较好的耐热性，则有利于提高载流量降低损耗。使用在机械设备上的耐热铝合金，要求在相对较高的温度下保持良好的力学性能以及抗蠕变疲劳性能。在汽车工业上的应用，在服役过程中往往承受持续载荷和震动，这对零件的蠕变疲劳性能要求更高，所以具有特殊使用要求的铝合金的需求越来越高。Aluminum alloy is a general term for alloys with aluminum as the matrix. It has the characteristics of low density, high strength, and excellent specific strength. The main alloy systems are Al-Si system, Al-Cu system, Al-Mg system and so on. It has a wide range of applications in the fields of transportation, automobiles, machinery manufacturing, and aerospace. In particular, the heat-resistant aluminum alloy used as a wire needs to have good heat resistance under the condition of ensuring good electrical conductivity and oxidation resistance, which is conducive to improving the current carrying capacity and reducing the loss. Heat-resistant aluminum alloys used in mechanical equipment are required to maintain good mechanical properties and creep fatigue resistance at relatively high temperatures. Applications in the automotive industry often bear continuous loads and vibrations during service, which requires higher creep fatigue properties of parts, so the demand for aluminum alloys with special use requirements is getting higher and higher.
稀土一直是铝合金中用于细化和强化的元素，中国发明专利201910683881.4(一种高强度铝合金)公开的一种高强度Al-Zn-Mg铝合金,如下百分含量的组分组成：5.3-5.7％Zn、2.2-2.6％Mg、1.3-1.8％Cu、0.2-0.5％Si、0.3-0.6％Fe、0.2-0.4％Mn、0.06-0.2％Cr、0.06-0.15％Ce/La、0.2-0.8％Ag、余量为Al。其中添加0.06～0.15wt％的La/Ce稀土，可以显著促进稀土强化相和弥散强化相的形成，改善铝合金中的析出相弥散析出特征，从而显著提高铝合金的抗压强度以及屈服强度。但是添加La/Ce稀土一般只是作为微合金化元素添加，不作为主元素添加，其添加量一般小于1wt％。中国发明专利ZL201610127881.2(一种高强度、高韧性稀土铝合金材料及其制备方法)中公开的一种稀土铝合金,如下百分含量的组分组成：2.0％-2.5％Ce、2.0％-2.6％La、Sc≤1.5％，余量为Al。目前仍存在以下问题，其中添加不超过1.5wt％的Sc作为增加其强度和保持延伸率的方法，由于Sc元素价格昂贵，不适用于工业生产和大批量使用；另一方面，这种稀土铝合金作为中间合金添加，不用来作为合金使用。Rare earth has always been an element used for refinement and strengthening in aluminum alloys. A high-strength Al-Zn-Mg aluminum alloy disclosed in Chinese invention patent 201910683881.4 (a high-strength aluminum alloy) is composed of the following percentages: 5.3-5.7%Zn, 2.2-2.6%Mg, 1.3-1.8%Cu, 0.2-0.5%Si, 0.3-0.6%Fe, 0.2-0.4%Mn, 0.06-0.2%Cr, 0.06-0.15%Ce/La, 0.2-0.8% Ag, the balance is Al. The addition of 0.06-0.15wt% of La/Ce rare earth can significantly promote the formation of rare earth strengthening phase and dispersion strengthening phase, and improve the dispersion and precipitation characteristics of precipitation in the aluminum alloy, thereby significantly improving the compressive strength and yield strength of the aluminum alloy. However, the addition of La/Ce rare earth is generally only added as a microalloying element, not as a main element, and its addition amount is generally less than 1 wt%. A rare earth aluminum alloy disclosed in Chinese invention patent ZL201610127881.2 (a high-strength, high-toughness rare-earth aluminum alloy material and its preparation method) has the following percentage components: 2.0%-2.5% Ce, 2.0% -2.6% La, Sc≤1.5%, and the balance is Al. At present, there are still the following problems, in which adding no more than 1.5wt% of Sc as a method to increase its strength and maintain elongation, because the Sc element is expensive, it is not suitable for industrial production and mass use; on the other hand, this rare earth aluminum The alloy is added as an intermediate alloy and is not used as an alloy.
汽车轻量化中，使用最多的是铝硅合金，目前已经广泛用于生产发动机缸体和缸盖及轮毂等零件，代表的合金为A354、A356和A380。压铸对比于普通重力铸造，其冲型速度较快，生产率高，易于实现机械化和自动化，成型复杂的薄壁件。其次压铸件尺寸精度高，表面粗糙度小，后续的机加工较少或者不需要机加工。在汽车行业中，关键结构件90％以上使用的是适合压铸的A380合金。这是由于其良好的流动性和较优异的强韧性。但是Al-Si体系合金在200℃及以上时其力学性能，蠕变疲劳性能急速下降，无法满足正常的使用。以La/Ce为主元素的Al-RE体系合金中，其主要相为Al11RE3相，其高温稳定性远高于Si相，且同样具有优异的流动性。中国发明专利201910650876.3(一种近共晶型高强耐热Al-Ce系铝合金及制备方法)公开了一种近共晶型高强耐热Al-Ce系铝合金成分：Ce 5.00％～15.00％、Fe0.01～5.00％、Mg 0.10％～1.20％、Si 0.05％～1.00％、Cu 0.001％～5.00％。其抗拉强度达到440MPa以上；在300℃时，所述铝合金的抗拉强度达到250MPa以上。目前仍存在以下问题：其使用的工艺是连铸连轧或者快速凝固。这种工艺生产成本较高，生产周期长，且不能生产大型件和复杂件。In the lightweight of automobiles, aluminum-silicon alloys are the most used, which have been widely used in the production of engine cylinder blocks, cylinder heads and wheel hubs. The representative alloys are A354, A356 and A380. Compared with ordinary gravity casting, die casting has faster punching speed, high productivity, easy mechanization and automation, and complex thin-walled parts. Secondly, the dimensional accuracy of die castings is high, the surface roughness is small, and subsequent machining is less or does not require machining. In the automotive industry, more than 90% of key structural parts are made of A380 alloy suitable for die casting. This is due to its good fluidity and superior toughness. However, the mechanical properties and creep fatigue properties of Al-Si alloys at 200 °C and above decrease rapidly, which cannot meet the normal use. In the Al-RE system alloy with La/Ce as the main element, the main phase is Al11RE3 phase, its high temperature stability is much higher than that of Si phase, and it also has excellent fluidity. Chinese invention patent 201910650876.3 (a near-eutectic high-strength heat-resistant Al-Ce aluminum alloy and its preparation method) discloses a near-eutectic high-strength heat-resistant Al-Ce aluminum alloy composition: Ce 5.00% to 15.00%, Fe 0.01% to 5.00%, Mg 0.10% to 1.20%, Si 0.05% to 1.00%, Cu 0.001% to 5.00%. Its tensile strength reaches over 440 MPa; at 300° C., the tensile strength of the aluminum alloy reaches over 250 MPa. At present, the following problems still exist: the process used is continuous casting and rolling or rapid solidification. This process has high production cost, long production cycle, and cannot produce large and complex parts.
国际发明专利WO 2017/007908A1(可铸造高温Ce-变质的铝合金)中提到的可铸造高温Ce变质的铝合金，公开了包含由Ce或La组成X元素的铝合金，X含量5-30wt％，形成Al11X3析出相，公开的成分包括Al-8Ce,Al-10Ce,Al-12Ce,其屈服强度都介于(6.2-8.5ksi或者43-59MPa)，延伸率>8％，Al-6Ce屈服强度28-40MPa，Al-16Ce屈服强度68-70MPa，延伸率仅为2.0-2.5％，Al-12Ce-0.4Mg屈服强度76-79MPa,延伸率仅为2.5-6.0％，Al-12Ce-0.25Zr屈服强度45MPa,Al-12Ce-1.3Ti屈服强度43-47MPa，这些结果与其发表的论文结果相吻合(Z.C.Sims,D.Weiss,S.K.McCall,et al.,Cerium-Based,Intermetallic-Strengthened Aluminum Casting Alloy:High-Volume Co-product Development,JOM 68(7)(2016)1940-1947.)。目前仍存在以下问题：Ce与La混和形成的RE和Al产生的Al11RE3相形貌为板条状，尺寸比较粗，导致Al-RE合金力学性能很低，屈服强度不超过90MPa。RE和Al产生的Al11RE3相容易发生偏析，产生严重的偏聚现象，形成粗大的初生相，严重影响其性能，特别是延伸率，其中Al-16Ce的延伸率仅为2-2.5％。中国发明专利201910434413.3(一种高强韧非热处理强化压铸铝合金及其制备方法)中提到的高强韧非热处理强化压铸铝合金，公开了一种铝合金其成分含量RE:7～10wt％，Mg:0.05～0.5％，Ti:0.05～0.1％。单独添加Ti元素不容易形成Al3Ti作为非均质型核，通过细化对屈服性能的提升不明显。对比其给出的实例1(成分Al-8Ce-0.25Mg-0.1Ti，屈服强度174MPa)和实例5(成分Al-5Ce-5La-0.1Mg-0.1Ti，屈服强度190MPa)，可以发现添加额外1％RE稀土对屈服强度的贡献约10MPa(考虑实例1性能包含了Mg对屈服强度的贡献)。进一步对比实例2(成分Al-4Ce-4La-0.25Mg-0.1Ti，屈服强度165MPa)和实例4(成分Al-7La-0.05Mg-0.1Ti，屈服强度150MPa)，发现添加Ti元素对屈服强度的提升几乎为0，考虑其强度差别15MPa主要由1％RE贡献的10MPa和0.2％Mg贡献的5MPa。因此，添加0-0.5％Mg元素对屈服强度的贡献约5-20MPa，添加Ti对强度贡献不明显，不足5MPa。The international invention patent WO 2017/007908A1 (a high temperature Ce-modified aluminum alloy that can be castable) mentioned in the high-temperature Ce-modified aluminum alloy, discloses an aluminum alloy containing an X element composed of Ce or La, and the X content is 5-30wt% %, forming Al11X3 precipitation phase, the disclosed composition includes Al-8Ce, Al-10Ce, Al-12Ce, its yield strength is between (6.2-8.5ksi or 43-59MPa), elongation> 8%, Al-6Ce yields Strength 28-40MPa, Al-16Ce yield strength 68-70MPa, elongation only 2.0-2.5%, Al-12Ce-0.4Mg yield strength 76-79MPa, elongation only 2.5-6.0%, Al-12Ce-0.25Zr The yield strength is 45MPa, and the yield strength of Al-12Ce-1.3Ti is 43-47MPa. These results are consistent with the results of their published papers (Z.C.Sims, D.Weiss, S.K.McCall, et al., Cerium-Based, Intermetallic-Strengthened Aluminum Casting Alloy : High-Volume Co-product Development, JOM 68(7)(2016) 1940-1947.). At present, the following problems still exist: the Al11RE3 phase formed by the mixing of Ce and La and the Al11RE3 phase produced by Al is lath-like and relatively coarse in size, resulting in very low mechanical properties of the Al-RE alloy, and the yield strength does not exceed 90MPa. The Al11RE3 phase produced by RE and Al is prone to segregation, resulting in severe segregation, forming a coarse primary phase, which seriously affects its properties, especially the elongation, among which the elongation of Al-16Ce is only 2-2.5%. The high-strength and toughness non-heat-treatment reinforced die-casting aluminum alloy mentioned in Chinese invention patent 201910434413.3 (a high-strength and toughness non-heat-treatment reinforced die-casting aluminum alloy and its preparation method) discloses an aluminum alloy whose composition content RE: 7-10wt%, Mg : 0.05 to 0.5%, Ti: 0.05 to 0.1%. Adding Ti alone is not easy to form Al3Ti as a heterogeneous core, and the improvement of yield performance through refinement is not obvious. Comparing its given Example 1 (composition Al-8Ce-0.25Mg-0.1Ti, yield strength 174 MPa) and Example 5 (composition Al-5Ce-5La-0.1Mg-0.1Ti, yield strength 190 MPa), it can be seen that the addition of an additional 1 The contribution of %RE rare earth to yield strength is about 10 MPa (considering Example 1 performance includes the contribution of Mg to yield strength). Further comparison of example 2 (component Al-4Ce-4La-0.25Mg-0.1Ti, yield strength 165MPa) and example 4 (component Al-7La-0.05Mg-0.1Ti, yield strength 150MPa), it is found that the addition of Ti element has an effect on yield strength. The lift is almost 0, considering its strength difference of 15 MPa mainly contributed by 10 MPa by 1% RE and 5 MPa by 0.2% Mg. Therefore, the contribution of adding 0-0.5% Mg element to the yield strength is about 5-20 MPa, and the contribution of adding Ti to the strength is not obvious, less than 5 MPa.
因此迫切需要开发一种高强韧耐热压铸铝合金。Therefore, it is urgent to develop a high-strength, tough and heat-resistant die-casting aluminum alloy.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明为了解决现有铸造稀土铝合金因强韧性、耐热性不足而无法达到A380等铸造铝合金的性能，导致其应用受到极大限制的难题，提供一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金及其制备方法，该合金经压力铸造后，合金的室温抗拉强度高达275MPa，屈服强度高达175MPa，延伸率高达19.5％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度高达134MPa，延伸率高达25％。In order to solve the problem that the existing cast rare earth aluminum alloy cannot reach the performance of the cast aluminum alloy such as A380 due to insufficient strength, toughness and heat resistance, and its application is greatly restricted, the present invention provides a high-strength, tough-resistance and high-strength alloy suitable for pressure casting. Hot Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy and preparation method thereof, after pressure casting, the alloy has a tensile strength at room temperature of up to 275 MPa, a yield strength of up to 175 MPa, and an elongation of up to 19.5%; high temperature tensile strength at 250° C. Up to 134MPa, elongation up to 25%.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：The purpose of this invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:
本发明提供了一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金，包含按质量百分比计的如下元素：3～11％RE，0.1～5％Y，0.1～0.4％Mg，0.01～0.5％Zr，余量为Al元素，以及不可避免杂质元素。The invention provides a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting, which contains the following elements in mass percentage: 3-11% RE, 0.1-5% Y, 0.1-0.4% Mg , 0.01 ~ 0.5% Zr, the remainder is Al element, and unavoidable impurity elements.
优选地，所述的适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金包含按质量百分比计的如下元素：8～11％RE，1.0～3％Y，0.1～0.4％Mg，0.01～0.3％Zr余量为Al元素。Preferably, the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for die casting contains the following elements by mass percentage: 8-11% RE, 1.0-3% Y, 0.1-0.4% Mg, The balance of 0.01 to 0.3% Zr is Al element.
优选地，所述RE的组分为La和Ce中的一种或两种的组合。Preferably, the components of the RE are one or a combination of La and Ce.
与现有技术相比，本发明提供适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的创新思想之一为：合金采用Y元素与La/Ce元素混合，Y与La/Ce同为廉价的稀土元素，一方面Y元素与La/Ce元素混合可以很好地细化晶粒，同时可以改变Al11RE3相的形貌，使其从半条状变为纤维状，改善单纯的Al-La/Ce合金中Al11RE3相的偏析，组织更加均匀，性能更优。另一方面混合添加克服了在RE含量高于8％时产生初生Al11RE3相，大大提升了合金的延伸率和强度，同时扩大了稀土含量的添加范围。Compared with the prior art, one of the innovative ideas of the present invention to provide a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is as follows: the alloy adopts Y element mixed with La/Ce element, Y and La/Ce Both are cheap rare earth elements. On the one hand, the mixing of Y element and La/Ce element can refine the grains well, and at the same time, it can change the morphology of the Al11RE3 phase from semi-stripe to fibrous, improving the pure Al11RE3 phase. -Segregation of Al11RE3 phase in La/Ce alloy, the structure is more uniform and the performance is better. On the other hand, the mixed addition overcomes the formation of primary Al11RE3 phase when the RE content is higher than 8%, greatly improves the elongation and strength of the alloy, and expands the addition range of rare earth content.
本发明提供适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的创新思想之二为：稀土元素的混合添加增加强化相的数量，使得高耐热的Al11RE3相含量更多，更细，分布更加均匀，更能发挥出其高耐热的作用。添加Zr同样可以细化Al11RE3相，但是Zr的添加量不能超过0.3wt.％，否则会产生初生Al3Zr相。但添加Y含量可与La/Ce混合配比，不会产生相应的初生相，将RE含量8％提高到RE+Y 16％，大大提高了强化相含量，同时不影响其流动性和铸造性能。The second innovative idea of the present invention to provide a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is as follows: the mixed addition of rare earth elements increases the number of strengthening phases, so that the content of the high-heat-resistant Al11RE3 phase is more and more Thin, more evenly distributed, and better able to play its role of high heat resistance. The addition of Zr can also refine the Al11RE3 phase, but the addition of Zr cannot exceed 0.3 wt.%, otherwise the primary Al3Zr phase will be generated. However, the addition of Y content can be mixed with La/Ce, and the corresponding primary phase will not be generated. The RE content is increased from 8% to RE+Y 16%, which greatly increases the content of the strengthening phase without affecting its fluidity and casting properties. .
本发明提供适用于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的创新思想之三为：添加适量的Mg元素，在合金中实现固溶强化和可能的析出强化的效果，进一步提高合金的强度。添加适量的Mg元素同样不会影响流动性和铸造性能，也不会对合金的延伸率有影响。The third innovative idea of the present invention to provide a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for die casting is: adding an appropriate amount of Mg element to achieve the effects of solid solution strengthening and possible precipitation strengthening in the alloy, and further improve the strength of the alloy. Adding an appropriate amount of Mg also does not affect the fluidity and casting properties, nor does it affect the elongation of the alloy.
本发明提供适用于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的创新思想之四为：本发明首次发现在Al-Ce系压铸铝合金添加Zr元素可以显著细化晶粒，提高铝合金的强度。一方面，Zr可以细化Al11RE3相，使得Al11RE3相分布更均匀，提升合金的综合性能。另一方面，Zr产生的金属间化合物具有较高的熔点且位于晶界处，首次发现可以提升铝合金的耐热性能。The fourth innovative idea of the present invention to provide a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for die casting is as follows: the present invention finds for the first time that adding Zr element to the Al-Ce die-casting aluminum alloy can significantly refine the crystal grains and improve the strength of aluminum alloys. On the one hand, Zr can refine the Al11RE3 phase, making the Al11RE3 phase distribution more uniform and improving the overall performance of the alloy. On the other hand, the intermetallic compound produced by Zr has a high melting point and is located at the grain boundary, and it was found for the first time that it can improve the heat resistance of aluminum alloys.
本发明提供了一种适用于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的制备方法，包括下述步骤：The invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting, comprising the following steps:
(1)适当考虑烧损后，按上述Al-RE-Y-Zr合金成分及化学计量比，计算所需原料的用量；将工业纯铝锭、工业纯镁锭、Al-RE、Al-Y和Al-Zr中间合金均去除氧化层并烘干预热至180-220℃；按合金的成分及化学计量比，计算所需原料的用量；(1) After proper consideration of burning loss, according to the above-mentioned Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy composition and stoichiometric ratio, calculate the amount of required raw materials; and Al-Zr master alloy to remove the oxide layer, dry and preheat to 180-220℃; calculate the amount of required raw materials according to the composition and stoichiometric ratio of the alloy;
(2)将占坩埚高度25％的工业纯铝锭在720℃下熔化成熔池后，加入剩余工业纯铝锭；(2) After melting the industrial pure aluminum ingot accounting for 25% of the crucible height into a molten pool at 720°C, add the remaining industrial pure aluminum ingot;
(3)待工业纯铝锭全部熔化后，升温至750℃，将Al-RE、Al-Y和Al-Zr中间合金分2～4次加入，并保持温度恒定在750℃，进行搅拌直至全部熔化；(3) After all the industrial pure aluminum ingots are melted, the temperature is raised to 750°C, and the Al-RE, Al-Y and Al-Zr master alloys are added in 2 to 4 times, and the temperature is kept constant at 750°C, and stirring is performed until all the melt;
(4)待合金全部熔化后，降温至700～710℃，将工业纯镁锭加入熔体，并保持温度恒定在700～710℃，进行搅拌直至全部熔化，保温30分钟；，加入精炼剂进行精炼，将炉温升至750℃保温静置10～20分钟促进夹杂沉降，得到铝合金熔体；(4) After all the alloys are melted, cool down to 700-710°C, add industrial pure magnesium ingots into the melt, keep the temperature constant at 700-710°C, stir until all melted, and keep the temperature for 30 minutes; add a refining agent to carry out For refining, the furnace temperature is raised to 750°C and kept for 10-20 minutes to promote the settlement of inclusions to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
(5)压力铸造前40-60分钟，待所述合金全部熔化，加入精炼剂进行精炼，将炉温升温至750℃保温静置10～20分钟促进夹杂沉降，得到铝合金熔体；(5) 40-60 minutes before pressure casting, when all the alloys are melted, add a refining agent for refining, and heat the furnace to 750°C for 10-20 minutes to promote inclusion settlement to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
(6)将所述铝合金熔体降温至720～740℃之间，撇去表面浮渣，通过压铸机将熔体压入已预热至180～250℃的模具中，得到所述高强韧耐热压铸Al-RE-Y-Zr合金。(6) Cooling the aluminum alloy melt to between 720-740°C, skimming off the surface scum, and pressing the melt into a mold that has been preheated to 180-250°C by a die-casting machine to obtain the high-strength and toughness Heat-resistant die-cast Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy.
优选地，步骤(1)中，所述Al-RE中间合金为Al-20Ce、Al-20La或者铝混合稀土中间合金；所述Al-Y中间合金为Al-10Y，所述Al-Zr中间合金为Al-5Zr。Preferably, in step (1), the Al-RE master alloy is Al-20Ce, Al-20La or an aluminum mixed rare earth master alloy; the Al-Y master alloy is Al-10Y, and the Al-Zr master alloy For Al-5Zr.
优选地，步骤(5)中，所述精炼剂组分按质量百分比为：55％KCl、30％NaCl、15％BaCl2。Preferably, in step (5), the refining agent components are: 55% KCl, 30% NaCl, 15% BaCl 2 by mass percentage.
优选地，步骤(5)中，所述精炼剂的添加量为合金原料总重量的1.0～2.5％。Preferably, in step (5), the added amount of the refining agent is 1.0-2.5% of the total weight of the alloy raw material.
优选地，步骤(5)中，所述精炼的温度为720～750℃，精炼处理的搅拌时间为10～15min。Preferably, in step (5), the refining temperature is 720-750° C., and the stirring time of the refining treatment is 10-15 min.
优选地，步骤(6)中，所述的浇铸温度为710～740℃。Preferably, in step (6), the casting temperature is 710-740°C.
优选地，步骤(6)中，所述的压铸速度为1～8m/s。Preferably, in step (6), the die-casting speed is 1-8 m/s.
本发明提供的适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的制备方法的有益效果为：(1)RE和Y均以中间合金的形式加入，没有易烧损元素，成分控制容易，熔炼工艺简单易控制；(2)精炼处理采用不含MgCl2的专用精炼剂，进一步降低了精炼过程中稀土Y的烧损；(3)不需要后续的热处理，简化了工艺，同时提高了能量利用率和生产效率。The beneficial effects of the preparation method of the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting provided by the present invention are as follows: (1) RE and Y are both added in the form of intermediate alloys, and there is no easy-to-burn element, and the composition The control is easy, and the smelting process is simple and easy to control; (2) the refining treatment adopts a special refining agent without MgCl 2 , which further reduces the burning loss of rare earth Y during the refining process; (3) does not require subsequent heat treatment, simplifies the process, and at the same time Improve energy utilization and production efficiency.
现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1)本发明的适于压力铸造的高耐热合金，室温抗拉强度高达275MPa，延伸率高达19.5％；250℃保温200小时后，其高温拉伸抗拉强度高达134MPa，延伸率高达25％，综合性能优异；1) The high heat-resistant alloy suitable for pressure casting of the present invention has a tensile strength at room temperature of up to 275MPa and an elongation of up to 19.5%; after being kept at 250°C for 200 hours, its high-temperature tensile strength is up to 134MPa, and the elongation is up to 25% , excellent comprehensive performance;
2)本发明采用Y元素与La/Ce元素混合添加，克服了RE含量高于8％时产生初生Al11RE3相，大大提升了合金的延伸率和强度，同时扩大了稀土含量的添加范围；2) The present invention adopts the mixed addition of Y element and La/Ce element, which overcomes the generation of primary Al11RE3 phase when the RE content is higher than 8%, greatly improves the elongation and strength of the alloy, and at the same time expands the addition range of the rare earth content;
3)本发明所提供的制备方法具有工艺简单、效率高、适合规模化生产等优点，满足航空航天、军工、汽车等行业对轻量化发展的高端需求。3) The preparation method provided by the present invention has the advantages of simple process, high efficiency, suitable for large-scale production, etc., and meets the high-end demand for lightweight development in aerospace, military, automobile and other industries.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
图1为本发明实施例4压力铸造得到的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金组织照片。FIG. 1 is a microstructure photograph of a high-strength, tough, heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy obtained by pressure casting in Example 4 of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，11wt％Ce，5wt％Y，0.3wt％Mg，0.01wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 11wt% Ce, 5wt% Y, 0.3wt% Mg, 0.01wt% Zr, and the rest are Al elements and unavoidable impurity elements.
其制备方法是(1)适当考虑烧损后，按上述Al-RE-Y合金成分及化学计量比，计算所需原料的用量；将工业纯铝锭、工业纯镁锭、Al-20Ce、Al-10Y和Al-5Zr中间合金均去除氧化层并烘干预热至180-220℃；按合金的成分及化学计量比，计算所需原料的用量；(2)将占坩埚高度25％的工业纯铝锭在720℃下熔化成熔池后，加入剩余铝锭；(3)待铝锭全部熔化后，升温至750℃，将Al-20Ce、Al-10Y和Al-5Zr中间合金分2～4次加入，并保持温度恒定在750℃，进行搅拌直至全部熔化，(4)待中间合金全部熔化后，降温至700℃，将工业纯镁锭加入熔体，并保持温度恒定在700℃，进行搅拌直至全部熔化，并保温30分钟；(5)压力铸造前40-60分钟，待所述中间合金全部熔化，加入原料重量1％的精炼剂进行精炼，精炼的温度730℃，精炼处理的搅拌时间15min，精炼剂组分按质量百分比为：55％KCl、30％NaCl、15％BaCl2，将炉温升温至750℃保温静置10分钟促进夹杂沉降，得到铝合金熔体；(6)将所述铝合金熔体降温至720℃，撇去表面浮渣，通过压铸机将熔体压入已预热至180℃的金属型模具中，压铸速度为4m/s得到所述高强韧耐热压铸Al-RE-Y-Zr合金。Its preparation method is (1) after proper consideration of burning loss, according to the above-mentioned Al-RE-Y alloy composition and stoichiometric ratio, calculate the amount of required raw materials; Both -10Y and Al-5Zr master alloys have their oxide layers removed and dried and preheated to 180-220°C; according to the composition and stoichiometric ratio of the alloys, calculate the amount of raw materials required; After the pure aluminum ingot is melted into a molten pool at 720 °C, the remaining aluminum ingot is added; (3) After the aluminum ingot is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 750 °C, and the Al-20Ce, Al-10Y and Al-5Zr master alloys are divided into 2 ~ Add 4 times, keep the temperature constant at 750°C, and stir until all melted. (4) After the master alloy is completely melted, cool down to 700°C, add industrial pure magnesium ingot to the melt, and keep the temperature constant at 700°C, Stir until it is completely melted, and keep the temperature for 30 minutes; (5) 40-60 minutes before pressure casting, when all the intermediate alloys are melted, add a refining agent of 1% by weight of raw materials for refining, refining temperature 730 ° C, refining treatment The stirring time is 15min, the components of the refining agent are: 55% KCl, 30% NaCl, 15% BaCl 2 by mass percentage, the furnace temperature is raised to 750 ° C and kept for 10 minutes to promote the inclusions sedimentation, to obtain an aluminum alloy melt; (6 ) Cool the aluminum alloy melt to 720°C, skim off the surface dross, press the melt into a metal mold that has been preheated to 180°C by a die-casting machine, and the die-casting speed is 4m/s to obtain the high-strength and toughness Heat-resistant die-cast Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本实例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为275MPa，屈服强度175MPa，延伸率7.3％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为150MPa，延伸率15％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this example, the room temperature tensile strength of the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy is 275MPa, the yield strength is 175MPa, and the elongation is 7.3%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C is 150MPa, and the elongation is 15%.
实施例2Example 2
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，3wt％La，0.2wt％Y，0.1wt％Mg，0.08wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 3wt% La, 0.2wt% Y, 0.1wt% Mg, 0.08wt% Zr, and the rest are Al element and inevitable impurity element.
其制备方法是(1)适当考虑烧损后，按上述Al-RE-Y合金成分及化学计量比，计算所需原料的用量；将工业纯铝锭、工业纯镁锭、Al-20Ce、Al-10Y和Al-5Zr中间合金均去除氧化层并烘干预热至180-220℃；按合金的成分及化学计量比，计算所需原料的用量；(2)将占坩埚高度25％的工业纯铝锭在720℃下熔化成熔池后，加入剩余铝锭；(3)待铝锭全部熔化后，升温至750℃，将Al-20Ce、Al-10Y和Al-5Zr中间合金分2～4次加入，并保持温度恒定在750℃，进行搅拌直至全部熔化，并保温30分钟；(4)待中间合金全部熔化后，降温至700℃，将工业纯镁锭加入熔体，并保持温度恒定在700℃，进行搅拌直至全部熔化，并保温30分钟；(5)压力铸造前40-60分钟，待所述中间合金全部熔化，加入原料重量2％的精炼剂进行精炼，精炼的温度750℃，精炼处理的搅拌时间12min，精炼剂组分按质量百分比为：55％KCl、30％NaCl、15％BaCl2，将炉温升温至750℃保温静置10分钟促进夹杂沉降，得到铝合金熔体；(6)将所述铝合金熔体降温至740℃，撇去表面浮渣，通过压铸机将熔体压入已预热至200℃的金属型模具中，压铸速度为2m/s得到所述高强韧耐热压铸Al-RE-Y-Zr合金。Its preparation method is (1) after proper consideration of burning loss, according to the above-mentioned Al-RE-Y alloy composition and stoichiometric ratio, calculate the amount of required raw materials; Both -10Y and Al-5Zr master alloys have their oxide layers removed and dried and preheated to 180-220°C; according to the composition and stoichiometric ratio of the alloys, calculate the amount of raw materials required; After the pure aluminum ingot is melted into a molten pool at 720 °C, the remaining aluminum ingot is added; (3) After the aluminum ingot is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 750 °C, and the Al-20Ce, Al-10Y and Al-5Zr master alloys are divided into 2 ~ Add 4 times, keep the temperature constant at 750°C, stir until all melted, and keep the temperature for 30 minutes; (4) After the master alloy is completely melted, cool down to 700°C, add industrial pure magnesium ingot to the melt, and keep the temperature Constantly at 700 ° C, stir until all melted, and keep the temperature for 30 minutes; (5) 40-60 minutes before pressure casting, when all the intermediate alloys are melted, add a refining agent of 2% by weight of the raw materials for refining, and the refining temperature is 750 ℃, the stirring time of refining treatment is 12min, the components of refining agent are: 55% KCl, 30% NaCl, 15% BaCl 2 by mass percentage, the furnace temperature is raised to 750 ℃ and kept for 10 minutes to promote the sedimentation of inclusions to obtain an aluminum alloy Melt; (6) Cool the aluminum alloy melt to 740°C, skim off the surface scum, press the melt into a metal mold that has been preheated to 200°C by a die casting machine, and the die casting speed is 2m/s The high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant die-casting Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy is obtained.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本实例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为230MPa，屈服强度132MPa，延伸率19.5％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为90MPa，延伸率25％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this example, the room temperature tensile strength of the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy is 230MPa, the yield strength is 132MPa, and the elongation is 19.5%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C is 90MPa, and the elongation is 25%.
实施例3Example 3
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，5wt％La，3wt％Ce，3wt％Y，0.2wt％Mg，0.2wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 5wt% La, 3wt% Ce, 3wt% Y, 0.2wt% Mg, 0.2wt% Zr , and the rest are Al elements and inevitable impurity elements.
其制备方法是(1)适当考虑烧损后，按上述Al-RE-Y合金成分及化学计量比，计算所需原料的用量；将工业纯铝锭、工业纯镁锭和Al-20La、Al-20Ce、Al-10Y和Al-5Zr中间合金均去除氧化层并烘干预热至180-220℃；按合金的成分及化学计量比，计算所需原料的用量；(2)将占坩埚高度25％的工业纯铝锭在720℃下熔化成熔池后，加入剩余铝锭；(3)待铝锭全部熔化后，升温至750℃，将Al-20La、Al-20Ce、Al-10Y和Al-5Zr中间合金分2～4次加入，并保持温度恒定在750℃，进行搅拌直至全部熔化，(4)待中间合金全部熔化后，降温至700℃，将工业纯镁锭加入熔体，并保持温度恒定在700℃，进行搅拌直至全部熔化，并保温30分钟；(5)压力铸造前40-60分钟，待所述中间合金全部熔化，加入原料重量1.5％的精炼剂进行精炼，精炼的温度740℃，精炼处理的搅拌时间10min，精炼剂组分按质量百分比为：55％KCl、30％NaCl、15％BaCl2，将炉温升温至750℃保温静置10分钟促进夹杂沉降，得到铝合金熔体；(6)将所述铝合金熔体降温至720℃，撇去表面浮渣，通过压铸机将熔体压入已预热至250℃的金属型模具中，压铸速度为1m/s得到所述高强韧耐热压铸Al-RE-Y-Zr合金。Its preparation method is (1) after proper consideration of burning loss, according to the above-mentioned Al-RE-Y alloy composition and stoichiometric ratio, calculate the amount of required raw materials; -20Ce, Al-10Y and Al-5Zr master alloys all remove the oxide layer and dry and preheat to 180-220 ℃; calculate the amount of raw materials required according to the composition and stoichiometric ratio of the alloy; (2) will occupy the height of the crucible After 25% of the industrial pure aluminum ingots are melted into a molten pool at 720°C, the remaining aluminum ingots are added; (3) after all the aluminum ingots are melted, the temperature is raised to 750°C, and the Al-20La, Al-20Ce, Al-10Y and The Al-5Zr master alloy is added in 2 to 4 times, and the temperature is kept constant at 750°C, and stirring is performed until it is completely melted. (4) After the master alloy is completely melted, the temperature is lowered to 700°C, and the industrial pure magnesium ingot is added to the melt. And keep the temperature constant at 700 ℃, stir until all melted, and keep warm for 30 minutes; (5) 40-60 minutes before pressure casting, when all the intermediate alloys are melted, add a refining agent of 1.5% by weight of raw materials for refining, refining The temperature of the refining treatment is 740 ° C, the stirring time of the refining treatment is 10 minutes, and the refining agent components are: 55% KCl, 30% NaCl, 15% BaCl 2 by mass percentage, and the furnace temperature is raised to 750 ° C. Obtain the aluminum alloy melt; (6) cool the aluminum alloy melt to 720°C, skim off the surface dross, and press the melt into the metal mold that has been preheated to 250°C by a die casting machine, and the die casting speed is 1 m/s to obtain the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant die-casting Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本实例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为269MPa，屈服强度153MPa，延伸率11％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为134MPa，延伸率20％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this example, the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy has a room temperature tensile strength of 269 MPa, a yield strength of 153 MPa, and an elongation of 11%.
实施例4Example 4
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，8wt％La，1wt％Ce，2wt％Y，0.2wt％Mg，0.5wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 8wt% La, 1wt% Ce, 2wt% Y, 0.2wt% Mg, 0.5wt% Zr , and the rest are Al elements and inevitable impurity elements.
其制备方法是(1)适当考虑烧损后，按上述Al-RE-Y合金成分及化学计量比，计算所需原料的用量；将工业纯铝锭、工业纯镁锭和Al-20La、Al-20Ce、Al-10Y和Al-5Zr中间合金均去除氧化层并烘干预热至180-220℃；按合金的成分及化学计量比，计算所需原料的用量；(2)将占坩埚高度25％的工业纯铝锭在720℃下熔化成熔池后，加入剩余铝锭；(3)待铝锭全部熔化后，升温至750℃，将Al-20La、Al-20Ce、Al-10Y和Al-5Zr中间合金分2～4次加入，并保持温度恒定在750℃，进行搅拌直至全部熔化，(4)待中间合金全部熔化后，降温至700℃，将工业纯镁锭加入熔体，并保持温度恒定在700℃，进行搅拌直至全部熔化，并保温30分钟；(5)压力铸造前40-60分钟，待所述中间合金全部熔化，加入原料重量2.5％的精炼剂进行精炼，精炼的温度750℃，精炼处理的搅拌时间10min，精炼剂组分按质量百分比为：55％KCl、30％NaCl、15％BaCl2，将炉温升温至750℃保温静置10分钟促进夹杂沉降，得到铝合金熔体；(6)将所述铝合金熔体降温至720℃，撇去表面浮渣，通过压铸机将熔体压入已预热至240℃的金属型模具中，压铸速度为5m/s得到所述高强韧耐热压铸Al-RE-Y-Zr合金，其组织照片如图1所示。Its preparation method is (1) after proper consideration of burning loss, according to the above-mentioned Al-RE-Y alloy composition and stoichiometric ratio, calculate the amount of required raw materials; -20Ce, Al-10Y and Al-5Zr master alloys all remove the oxide layer and dry and preheat to 180-220 ℃; calculate the amount of raw materials required according to the composition and stoichiometric ratio of the alloy; (2) will occupy the height of the crucible After 25% of the industrial pure aluminum ingots are melted into a molten pool at 720°C, the remaining aluminum ingots are added; (3) after all the aluminum ingots are melted, the temperature is raised to 750°C, and the Al-20La, Al-20Ce, Al-10Y and The Al-5Zr master alloy is added in 2 to 4 times, and the temperature is kept constant at 750°C, and stirring is performed until it is completely melted. (4) After the master alloy is completely melted, the temperature is lowered to 700°C, and the industrial pure magnesium ingot is added to the melt. And keep the temperature constant at 700°C, stir until all melted, and keep the temperature for 30 minutes; (5) 40-60 minutes before pressure casting, when all the intermediate alloys are melted, add a refining agent of 2.5% by weight of raw materials for refining, refining The temperature of the furnace is 750°C, the stirring time of the refining treatment is 10min, and the refining agent components are: 55% KCl, 30% NaCl, 15% BaCl 2 by mass percentage, and the furnace temperature is raised to 750°C. Obtain the aluminum alloy melt; (6) cool the aluminum alloy melt to 720°C, skim off the surface dross, and press the melt into a metal mold that has been preheated to 240°C by a die-casting machine, and the die-casting speed is 5m/s to obtain the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant die-casting Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy, and the microstructure photo is shown in Fig. 1 .
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本实例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为238MPa，屈服强度137MPa，延伸率13％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为120MPa，延伸率14％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this example, the room temperature tensile strength of the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy is 238MPa, the yield strength is 137MPa, and the elongation is 13%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C is 120MPa, and the elongation is 14%.
实施例5Example 5
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，11wt％La，1wt％Y，0.3wt％Mg，0.3wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 11wt% La, 1wt% Y, 0.3wt% Mg, 0.3wt% Zr, and the rest are Al elements and unavoidable impurity elements.
其制备方法是(1)适当考虑烧损后，按上述Al-RE-Y合金成分及化学计量比，计算所需原料的用量；将工业纯铝锭、工业纯镁锭、Al-20La、Al-10Y和Al-5Zr中间合金均去除氧化层并烘干预热至180-220℃；按合金的成分及化学计量比，计算所需原料的用量；(2)将占坩埚高度25％的工业纯铝锭在720℃下熔化成熔池后，加入剩余铝锭；(3)待铝锭全部熔化后，升温至750℃，将Al-20La、Al-10Y和Al-5Zr中间合金分2～4次加入，并保持温度恒定在750℃，进行搅拌直至全部熔化，(4)待中间合金全部熔化后，降温至700℃，将工业纯镁锭加入熔体，并保持温度恒定在700℃，进行搅拌直至全部熔化，并保温30分钟；(5)压力铸造前40-60分钟，待所述中间合金全部熔化，加入原料重量1％的精炼剂进行精炼，精炼的温度720℃，精炼处理的搅拌时间10min，精炼剂组分按质量百分比为：55％KCl、30％NaCl、15％BaCl2，将炉温升温至750℃保温静置10分钟促进夹杂沉降，得到铝合金熔体；(6)将所述铝合金熔体降温至740℃，撇去表面浮渣，通过压铸机将熔体压入已预热至250℃的金属型模具中，压铸速度为8m/s得到所述高强韧耐热压铸Al-RE-Y-Zr合金。Its preparation method is (1) after proper consideration of burning loss, according to the above-mentioned Al-RE-Y alloy composition and stoichiometric ratio, calculate the amount of required raw materials; Both -10Y and Al-5Zr master alloys have their oxide layers removed and dried and preheated to 180-220°C; according to the composition and stoichiometric ratio of the alloys, calculate the amount of raw materials required; After the pure aluminum ingot is melted into a molten pool at 720 °C, the remaining aluminum ingot is added; (3) after the aluminum ingot is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 750 °C, and the Al-20La, Al-10Y and Al-5Zr master alloys are divided into 2 ~ Add 4 times, keep the temperature constant at 750°C, and stir until all melted. (4) After the master alloy is completely melted, cool down to 700°C, add industrial pure magnesium ingot to the melt, and keep the temperature constant at 700°C, Stir until all melted, and keep the temperature for 30 minutes; (5) 40-60 minutes before pressure casting, when all the intermediate alloys are melted, add a refining agent of 1% by weight of raw materials for refining, refining temperature 720 ° C, refining treatment The stirring time is 10min, the components of the refining agent are: 55% KCl, 30% NaCl, 15% BaCl 2 by mass percentage, the furnace temperature is raised to 750 ° C and kept for 10 minutes to promote the inclusions to settle, and the aluminum alloy melt is obtained; (6 ) Cool the aluminum alloy melt to 740°C, skim off the surface dross, press the melt into a metal mold that has been preheated to 250°C by a die-casting machine, and the die-casting speed is 8 m/s to obtain the high-strength and toughness Heat-resistant die-cast Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本实例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为273MPa，屈服强度156MPa，延伸率10％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为135MPa，延伸率18％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this example, the room temperature tensile strength of the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy is 273MPa, the yield strength is 156MPa, and the elongation is 10%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C is 135MPa, and the elongation is 18%.
实施例6Example 6
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，10wt％La，0.1wt％Y，0.3wt％Mg，0.01wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 10wt% La, 0.1wt% Y, 0.3wt% Mg, 0.01wt% Zr, and the rest are Al element and inevitable impurity element.
本实施例与实施例5的制备方法相同。The preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 5.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本实例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为220MPa，屈服强度140MPa，延伸率7.5％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为119MPa，延伸率14％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this example, the high-strength, toughness, and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy has a room temperature tensile strength of 220 MPa, a yield strength of 140 MPa, and an elongation of 7.5%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C is 119 MPa, and the elongation is 14%.
实施例7Example 7
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，7wt％La，1wt％Y，0.3wt％Mg，0.3wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 7wt% La, 1wt% Y, 0.3wt% Mg, 0.3wt% Zr, and the rest are Al elements and unavoidable impurity elements.
本实施例与实施例5的制备方法相同。The preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 5.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本实例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为238MPa，屈服强度135MPa，延伸率12％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为95MPa，延伸率20％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this example, the room temperature tensile strength of the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy is 238MPa, the yield strength is 135MPa, and the elongation is 12%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C is 95MPa, and the elongation is 20%.
实施例8Example 8
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，11wt％La，0.5wt％Y，0.3wt％Mg，0.3wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 11wt% La, 0.5wt% Y, 0.3wt% Mg, 0.3wt% Zr, and the rest are Al element and inevitable impurity element.
本实施例与实施例5的制备方法相同。The preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 5.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本实例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为245MPa，屈服强度150MPa，延伸率8.2％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为124MPa，延伸率15％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this example, the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy has a room temperature tensile strength of 245MPa, a yield strength of 150MPa, and an elongation of 8.2%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C is 124MPa, and the elongation is 15%.
实施例9Example 9
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，11wt％La，1wt％Y，0.3wt％Mg，0.5wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 11wt% La, 1wt% Y, 0.3wt% Mg, 0.5wt% Zr, and the rest are Al elements and unavoidable impurity elements.
本实施例与实施例5的制备方法相同。The preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 5.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本实例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为242MPa，屈服强度140MPa，延伸率9％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为125MPa，延伸率12％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this example, the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy has a room temperature tensile strength of 242 MPa, a yield strength of 140 MPa, and an elongation of 9%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C is 125 MPa and an elongation of 12%.
对比例1Comparative Example 1
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，11wt％La，0.3wt％Mg，0.3wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 11wt% La, 0.3wt% Mg, 0.3wt% Zr, the rest are Al elements and unavoidable impurity elements.
本对比例与实施例5的制备方法相同。This comparative example is the same as the preparation method of Example 5.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本对比例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为230MPa，屈服强度143MPa，延伸率8％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为120MPa，延伸率15％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this comparative example, the room temperature tensile strength of the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy is 230 MPa, the yield strength is 143 MPa, and the elongation is 8%;
对比例2Comparative Example 2
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Yb-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，11wt％La，1wt％Yb，0.3wt％Mg，0.3wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Yb-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 11wt% La, 1wt% Yb, 0.3wt% Mg, 0.3wt% Zr, and the rest are Al elements and unavoidable impurity elements.
本对比例与实施例5的制备方法相同。This comparative example is the same as the preparation method of Example 5.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Yb-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本对比例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为224MPa，屈服强度143MPa，延伸率7.6％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为120MPa，延伸率14.6％。The prepared high-strength, tough, and heat-resistant Al-RE-Yb-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high-temperature tensile property test at 250 °C after 200 hours of heat exposure at 250 °C. In this comparative example, the room temperature tensile strength of the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy is 224MPa, the yield strength is 143MPa, and the elongation is 7.6%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C is 120MPa, and the elongation is 14.6%.
对比例3Comparative Example 3
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，11wt％La，1wt％Y，0.6wt％Mg，0.3wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 11wt% La, 1wt% Y, 0.6wt% Mg, 0.3wt% Zr, and the rest are Al elements and unavoidable impurity elements.
本对比例与实施例5的制备方法相同。This comparative example is the same as the preparation method of Example 5.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本对比例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为231MPa，屈服强度158MPa，延伸率6.5％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为126MPa，延伸率14％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this comparative example, the room temperature tensile strength of the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy is 231MPa, the yield strength is 158MPa, and the elongation is 6.5%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C is 126MPa, and the elongation is 14%.
对比例4Comparative Example 4
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，11wt％Ce，6wt％Y，0.3wt％Mg，0.01wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 11wt% Ce, 6wt% Y, 0.3wt% Mg, 0.01wt% Zr, and the rest are Al elements and unavoidable impurity elements.
本对比例与实施例1的制备方法相同。This comparative example is the same as the preparation method of Example 1.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本对比例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为262MPa，屈服强度180MPa，延伸率6％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为148MPa，延伸率14％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this comparative example, the room temperature tensile strength of the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy is 262 MPa, the yield strength is 180 MPa, and the elongation is 6%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C is 148 MPa, and the elongation is 14%.
对比例5Comparative Example 5
一种适于压力铸造的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金的重量百分比为：按理论配比，3wt％La，0.2wt％Y，0.08wt％Zr，其余为Al元素和不可避免杂质元素。The weight percentage of a high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy suitable for pressure casting is: according to the theoretical ratio, 3wt% La, 0.2wt% Y, 0.08wt% Zr, the rest are Al elements and unavoidable impurity elements.
本对比例与实施例2的制备方法相同。This comparative example is the same as the preparation method of Example 2.
将制得的高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金分别进行a.室温拉伸测试；b.250℃、200小时热暴露处理后在250℃进行高温拉伸性能测试。本对比例中高强韧耐热Al-RE-Y-Zr合金室温抗拉强度为225MPa，屈服强度126MPa，延伸率19.6％；250℃下高温拉伸抗拉强度为88MPa，延伸率25％。The prepared high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloys were respectively subjected to a. room temperature tensile test; b. high temperature tensile property test at 250 ℃ after 250 ℃, 200 hours of heat exposure. In this comparative example, the room temperature tensile strength of the high-strength, toughness and heat-resistant Al-RE-Y-Zr alloy is 225MPa, the yield strength is 126MPa, and the elongation is 19.6%; the high-temperature tensile strength at 250°C is 88MPa, and the elongation is 25%.
本发明具体应用途径很多，以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式。应当指出，以上实施例仅用于说明本发明，而并不用于限制本发明的保护范围。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进，这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。There are many specific application ways of the present invention, and the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements can also be made, and these improvements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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