CN111410379A - Efficient phosphorus removal method for domestic sewage - Google Patents
Efficient phosphorus removal method for domestic sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN111410379A CN111410379A CN202010367542.8A CN202010367542A CN111410379A CN 111410379 A CN111410379 A CN 111410379A CN 202010367542 A CN202010367542 A CN 202010367542A CN 111410379 A CN111410379 A CN 111410379A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency phosphorus removal method for domestic sewage, and relates to the technical field of water treatment. The invention relates to a method for efficiently removing phosphorus from domestic sewage, which comprises the steps of pretreatment, air floatation, hydrolytic acidification, biological treatment, adsorption phosphorus removal and precipitation separation, wherein a phosphorus removal adsorbent used in the adsorption phosphorus removal step is formed by loading nano activated alumina on iron-doped modified ceramsite and then wrapping a silica gel shell layer, the silica gel shell layer is of a porous structure with a plurality of macropores, and a bismuth oxide/carbon quantum dot compound is loaded in the silica gel shell layer. The invention discloses a method for efficiently removing phosphorus from domestic sewage, which is characterized in that organic phosphorus in the sewage is removed by a biological method, inorganic phosphorus in the sewage is removed by combining an adsorption method, the organic phosphorus and the inorganic phosphorus can be better removed from the domestic sewage to a certain extent by combining the two methods, the treatment effect is relatively better, the treatment method is relatively simpler, the used phosphorus removal adsorbent is easy to recover in the use process, and the raw material loss is relatively lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a high-efficiency phosphorus removal method for domestic sewage.
Background
Compared with nitrogen, phosphorus is an important factor for limiting the proliferation of algae, is a key nutrient element for causing water eutrophication, and is the most important water pollution problem in China. The phosphorus removal technology widely applied at present comprises a chemical precipitation method, a biological method and an adsorption method, wherein the chemical precipitation method has the advantages of simple phosphorus removal operation, quick response, higher operating cost, high sludge yield and easy secondary pollution; the biological method has low operation cost, but has relatively high requirements on operation conditions and environment, has poor stability, and is difficult to reach the discharge standard by only relying on biological treatment; the adsorption method has the advantages of simple process, simple and convenient operation, remarkable phosphorus removal effect, recyclable adsorbent and the like, is widely concerned, has the advantages of high efficiency and low consumption compared with a chemical precipitation method and a biological method, can treat high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater, has remarkable separation effect on low-content solutes, and can recover phosphorus.
The activated alumina has the characteristics of large specific surface area, good adsorption performance, good stability and the like, has good adsorption effect on phosphorus in sewage, and is often used as an adsorption filler in phosphorus removal by an adsorption method. The particle size of the activated alumina has obvious influence on the dephosphorization effect, the smaller the particle size is, the better the dephosphorization effect is, but in the actual use process, the adsorbent with small particle size is inconvenient to recycle, and because the particle size is too small, the adsorbent is easy to flow away with water in the use process, so that the raw material loss is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to disclose a method for efficiently removing phosphorus from domestic sewage, which is characterized in that organic phosphorus in the sewage is removed by a biological method, inorganic phosphorus in the sewage is removed by combining an adsorption method, the organic phosphorus and the inorganic phosphorus are combined to better remove phosphorus in the domestic sewage to a certain extent, the treatment effect is relatively better, the treatment method is relatively simpler, the used phosphorus removal adsorbent is easy to recover in the use process, and the raw material loss is relatively lower.
Specifically, the efficient phosphorus removal method for domestic sewage comprises the following steps:
pretreatment: after solid-liquid separation is carried out on the domestic sewage through the grid channel and the grit chamber, the domestic sewage flows into the regulating tank, and water quality regulation and mixing are carried out in the regulating tank;
air floatation and hydrolytic acidification: transferring the regulated sewage into an air floatation tank provided with an air floatation machine, adding PAM into the air floatation tank, removing suspended matters through air floatation, and transferring the effluent into an acidification tank to be subjected to hydrolytic acidification treatment;
biological treatment: the effluent of the acidification tank is transferred into an anoxic tank, is transferred into an aerobic tank after being subjected to facultative anaerobic microbial denitrification treatment, and is subjected to aerobic microbial treatment in the aerobic tank;
and (3) adsorption dephosphorization: transferring effluent of the aerobic tank into an adsorption tank, adjusting the pH value to be less than 4, adding a phosphorus removal adsorbent, stirring and mixing uniformly, slowly stirring for 20-22h, recovering the phosphorus removal adsorbent through magnetic separation, adjusting the pH value to be 6-7, adding PAC (polyaluminium chloride) and stirring for 10-15 min;
precipitation and separation: and transferring the sewage in the adsorption tank into a secondary sedimentation tank, standing, precipitating and separating, allowing supernatant to flow out, performing after-treatment and discharging to reach the standard, and performing outward transportation treatment on lower-layer sludge after dehydration and solidification.
The invention firstly reduces the content of suspended particles in the sewage as much as possible through pretreatment and air flotation, thereby ensuring the water inlet quality of the anoxic tank; the organic matters in the sewage are primarily treated by the hydrolysis acidification tank, so that the biochemical performance of the sewage is improved, and the biological treatment effect can be improved to a certain extent; organic phosphorus in the sewage is removed through biological treatment, and inorganic phosphorus in the sewage is removed through an adsorption method, so that the effect of efficiently removing phosphorus in the sewage is achieved.
Further, the dosage of PAM in the air floatation tank is 400-60 mg/L.
Further, the aerobic tank is aerated by adopting an air blower, the retention time of the aerobic tank is 7-12h, and the oxygen content is 2-3 mg/L.
Furthermore, the effluent part of the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank, and the reflux ratio is 300%.
Further, the adding amount of the phosphorus removal adsorbent in the aerobic tank is 1.5-2 g/L, and the adding amount is 200-300 mg/L.
Further, the phosphorus removal adsorbent is formed by loading nano active alumina on iron-doped modified ceramsite and then wrapping a silicon gel shell layer, wherein the silicon gel shell layer is of a porous structure with a plurality of macropores, and the bismuth oxide/carbon quantum dot composite is loaded in the silicon gel shell layer.
The nano activated alumina has strong adsorption dephosphorization effect, but has great agglomeration tendency when being used alone, and is easy to lose and difficult to recover in the using process, so the modified ceramsite doped with iron is adopted as the carrier, which not only weakens the agglomeration tendency of the modified ceramsite, but also has the fixing and loading effects on the nano activated alumina, reduces the probability of flowing away with water and reduces the loss rate, and the phosphorus removal adsorbent is easier to recycle due to the doping of iron, in addition, the silicon gel shell layer wrapped outside the modified ceramsite can promote the adsorption of phosphorus on one hand, can play a certain limit and barrier role on the nano activated alumina on the carrier, further reduces the probability of flowing away with water on the other hand, the bismuth oxide/carbon quantum dot has photocatalysis effect, and can carry out photocatalytic decomposition on organic matters in the adsorption process, thereby avoiding the organic matters from wrapping the phosphorus removal adsorbent, the effect of adsorption and dephosphorization is lost, and the porous structure of the shell layer ensures that the modified ceramsite inside is fully contacted with sewage, and also plays a certain protection role on the modified ceramsite inside, thereby ensuring the dephosphorization effect of the dephosphorization adsorbent.
Further, the preparation method of the phosphorus removal adsorbent comprises the following steps:
heating an aluminum chloride solution with the mass concentration of 25 wt% to 50-55 ℃, adding the modified ceramsite according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 35 g/L, continuously stirring, dropwise adding an ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 5 wt% to adjust the pH value to 8, standing for 24 hours, and then carrying out vacuum filtration, washing and drying to obtain the modified ceramsite loaded with the nano active alumina;
dissolving 3.6g of sodium oleate in 2L deionized water, adding 1.6g of bismuth nitrate, stirring until the sodium oleate is completely dissolved, adding 200ml of 4% carbon quantum dot aqueous solution, stirring and mixing for 20min to obtain a mixed solution, transferring the mixed solution into a reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 100 ℃ for 12h, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing a filter cake with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 3 times respectively, and carrying out heat preservation at 60 ℃ for 8h to obtain a bismuth oxide/carbon quantum dot composite;
adding 20g of waterborne polyurethane, 29.4g of silicon oxide and 2.1g of ammonium persulfate into water, carrying out heat preservation and reflux for 30min at the oil bath temperature of 70 ℃, naturally cooling to the room temperature, adding 40g of mixed powder of sodium alginate and calcium chloride at the stirring speed of 1000r/min, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium alginate to the calcium chloride is 4:1, continuously stirring at the speed of 300r/min until the sodium alginate and the calcium chloride are completely dissolved, adding a bismuth oxide/carbon quantum dot compound, stirring and dispersing uniformly, adding modified ceramsite loaded with nano active alumina, continuously stirring for 10min, standing for 10min at the room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2min, continuously standing for 15min, filtering, and carrying out vacuum drying at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the phosphorus removal adsorbent.
Further, the modified ceramsite is prepared by taking the dredged sediment and suspended matters removed in the air flotation step as raw materials, adding auxiliary materials, a pore-forming agent, spraying an iron chloride solution, mixing, kneading into pills and baking.
The suspended matters removed in the air floatation step are aluminum-containing sludge, and as with dredged sediment, the aluminum-containing sludge is usually dewatered and then subjected to landfill treatment in the actual production process, but the aluminum-containing sludge has a good effect of removing phosphorus in sewage, and the dredged sediment and the suspended matters are used as raw materials, so that a new direction is provided for resource utilization of the dredged sediment and the suspended matters, on the one hand, the content of aluminum in the modified ceramsite can be increased by adding the suspended matters, the phosphorus removal effect of the modified ceramsite is favorably improved, and the dredged sediment and the suspended matters are used as raw materials, so that the source is wide, and the cost is relatively low.
Furthermore, the auxiliary materials are fly ash, magnesium chloride, starch and cement, and the pore-forming agent is straw and foam.
Furthermore, the modified ceramsite is in a mesoporous structure, the particle size of the modified ceramsite is 1-1.5mm, and the porosity of the modified ceramsite is 50% -65%.
Further, the specific preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following steps:
pretreatment: airing the dredged sediment until the water content is 30-35%, removing impurities, drying at 105 ℃ for 4h, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain sediment powder for later use; dehydrating the suspended matters obtained in the air floatation step, standing and stacking for 24h, drying for 2h at 105 ℃, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain suspended matter dry powder; drying the auxiliary materials and the pore-forming agent at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 2-3h, and sieving the auxiliary materials and the pore-forming agent by a 100-mesh sieve for later use;
weighing magnesium chloride and deionized water to prepare a magnesium chloride solution with the concentration of 2 mol/L, weighing 100g of bottom mud powder, soaking in 30ml of the magnesium chloride solution for 24 hours, filtering, drying at 105 ℃ for 12 hours, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain activated bottom mud powder;
molding: weighing 80g of activated bottom mud powder, adding 10g of suspended solid dry powder, 6g of fly ash, 12g of starch, 9g of cement, 15g of straw and 3g of foam, stirring and mixing uniformly, spraying 45 wt% of ferric chloride solution, repeating the operations of stirring and spraying of ferric chloride solution until the mass of the total sprayed ferric chloride solution is 32% -35% of the total mass of other raw materials, stopping spraying of ferric chloride solution, continuously stirring until the mixture is uniform, kneading into mud balls, cutting and kneading into mud pills with the diameter of 1-1.5mm, and naturally air-drying for 24 hours in a shade place to obtain a blank;
and (3) sintering: and (3) placing the blank body in a calcining furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 100 ℃ in the nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 2h, heating to 350 ℃ at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 1080 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat, firing for 50min, and naturally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the iron-doped modified ceramsite.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention discloses a method for efficiently removing phosphorus from domestic sewage, which is characterized in that organic phosphorus in the sewage is removed by a biological method, inorganic phosphorus in the sewage is removed by an adsorption method, the organic phosphorus and the inorganic phosphorus are combined, the phosphorus in the domestic sewage can be better removed to a certain extent, the treatment effect is relatively better, and the treatment method is relatively simpler.
2. The phosphorus removal adsorbent provided by the invention takes the dredged sediment and the wastes in the treatment process as raw materials, so that the resources are fully utilized, the raw materials are wide in source, the phosphorus removal adsorption performance is good, the phosphorus removal adsorbent is easy to recover, and the loss in the use process is relatively small.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples below:
the invention relates to a high-efficiency phosphorus removal method for domestic sewage, which treats phosphorus in the sewage by a biological treatment method and an daughter-in-law adsorption method, wherein the treatment efficiency is relatively high, the specific phosphorus removal adsorbent is formed by loading nano active alumina on iron-doped modified ceramsite and then wrapping a silica gel shell layer, the silica gel shell layer is of a porous structure with a plurality of macropores, and a bismuth oxide/carbon quantum dot compound is loaded in the silica gel shell layer, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
preparation of modified ceramsite
Pretreatment: airing the dredged sediment until the water content is 30-35%, removing impurities, drying at 105 ℃ for 4h, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain sediment powder for later use; dehydrating the suspended matters obtained in the air floatation step, standing and stacking for 24h, drying for 2h at 105 ℃, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain suspended matter dry powder; drying the auxiliary materials and the pore-forming agent at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 2-3h, and sieving the auxiliary materials and the pore-forming agent by a 100-mesh sieve for later use;
and (2) activation, namely weighing magnesium chloride and deionized water to prepare a magnesium chloride solution with the concentration of 2 mol/L, weighing 100g of substrate sludge powder, soaking in 30ml of the magnesium chloride solution for 24 hours, filtering, drying at 105 ℃ for 12 hours, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain activated substrate sludge powder.
Molding: weighing 80g of activated bottom mud powder, adding 10g of suspended solid dry powder, 6g of fly ash, 12g of starch, 9g of cement, 15g of straw and 3g of foam, stirring and mixing uniformly, spraying 45 wt% of ferric chloride solution, repeating the operations of stirring and spraying of ferric chloride solution until the mass of the total sprayed ferric chloride solution is 32% -35% of the total mass of other raw materials, stopping spraying of ferric chloride solution, continuously stirring until the mixture is uniform, kneading into mud balls, cutting and kneading into mud pills with the diameter of 1-1.5mm, and naturally air-drying for 24 hours in a shade place to obtain a blank.
And (3) sintering: and (3) placing the blank body in a calcining furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 100 ℃ in the nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 2h, heating to 350 ℃ at the heating rate of 2 ℃/min, preserving heat for 25min, heating to 1080 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat, firing for 50min, and naturally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the iron-doped modified ceramsite. The porosity of the modified ceramsite is detected to be 55 percent
Preparation of phosphorus removal adsorbent
Heating an aluminum chloride solution with the mass concentration of 25 wt% to 50-55 ℃, selecting 50 ℃ in the embodiment, adding the modified ceramsite according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 35 g/L, continuously stirring, dropwise adding an ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 5 wt% to adjust the pH value to 8, standing for 24 hours, and performing vacuum filtration, washing and drying to obtain the modified ceramsite loaded with the nano active alumina.
Dissolving 3.6g of sodium oleate in 2L deionized water, adding 1.6g of bismuth nitrate, stirring until the sodium oleate is completely dissolved, adding 200ml of 4% carbon quantum dot aqueous solution, stirring and mixing for 20min to obtain a mixed solution, transferring the mixed solution into a reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 100 ℃ for 12h, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, filtering, washing a filter cake with anhydrous ethanol and deionized water for 3 times respectively, and carrying out heat preservation at 60 ℃ for 8h to obtain the bismuth oxide/carbon quantum dot composite.
Adding 20g of waterborne polyurethane, 29.4g of silicon oxide and 2.1g of ammonium persulfate into water, carrying out heat preservation and reflux for 30min at the oil bath temperature of 70 ℃, naturally cooling to the room temperature, adding 40g of mixed powder of sodium alginate and calcium chloride at the stirring speed of 1000r/min, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium alginate to the calcium chloride is 4:1, continuously stirring at the speed of 300r/min until the sodium alginate and the calcium chloride are completely dissolved, adding a bismuth oxide/carbon quantum dot compound, stirring and dispersing uniformly, adding modified ceramsite loaded with nano active alumina, continuously stirring for 10min, standing for 10min at the room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2min, continuously standing for 15min, filtering, and carrying out vacuum drying at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the phosphorus removal adsorbent.
And (3) detecting the phosphorus removal capability of the prepared phosphorus removal adsorbent, namely adding 5g of phosphorus removal adsorbent into 50ml of monopotassium phosphate with the mass concentration of 10.0 mg/L, oscillating at the constant temperature of 25 ℃ and 120r/min for 24 times, filtering, and determining that the mass concentration of total phosphorus in the filtrate is 0.34 mg/L by adopting a molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometry method (lambda is 700nm) of a water and wastewater detection and analysis method (fourth edition), wherein the phosphorus removal rate reaches 96.6%.
The phosphorus removal adsorbent prepared by the invention is used for treating domestic sewage of a certain sewage treatment plant, and detection shows that TN 31.21 mg/L, TP 3.84 mg/L and COD 203.1 mg/L in the domestic sewage are as follows:
example one
Pretreatment: after solid-liquid separation is carried out on the domestic sewage through the grid channel and the grit chamber, the domestic sewage flows into the regulating tank, and water quality regulation and mixing are carried out in the regulating tank;
air floatation and hydrolytic acidification, namely transferring the regulated sewage into an air floatation tank provided with an air floatation machine, adding PAM (polyacrylamide) into the air floatation tank according to the addition amount of 600 mg/L, removing suspended matters through air floatation, transferring the effluent into an acidification tank, staying for 4 hours, decomposing organic matters which have larger molecular weight and are difficult to treat into small molecular inorganic matters under the action of anaerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria, and removing part of the organic matters;
biological treatment, namely transferring the effluent of an acidification tank into an anoxic tank, controlling the dissolved oxygen of the anoxic tank to be 0.1-0.2 mg/L, staying for 1h, performing denitrification reaction by facultative microorganisms in the anoxic tank, transferring the treated effluent into an aerobic tank, performing aeration treatment on the aerobic tank by using an air blower, controlling the oxygen content of the aerobic tank to be 2-3 mg/L, staying for 10h, removing organic matters in the wastewater by aerobic microorganisms in the aerobic tank, and simultaneously completing nitration reaction and organic phosphorus conversion;
refluxing part of the effluent of the aerobic tank to the anoxic tank at a reflux ratio of 300%, transferring the rest part to the adsorption tank, adjusting the pH to 3-4 by using 65% nitric acid solution, adding a phosphorus removal adsorbent according to the addition amount of 2 g/L, stirring and mixing uniformly, slowly stirring for 20h, recovering the phosphorus removal adsorbent through magnetic separation, adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to 6-7, adding a PAC solution with the mass fraction of 5%, and stirring for 15min, wherein the addition amount of PAC is 200 mg/L;
precipitation and separation: and transferring the sewage in the adsorption tank into a secondary sedimentation tank, staying for 24 hours, standing, precipitating and separating, allowing supernatant to flow out, performing after-treatment and discharging the supernatant after reaching standards, and performing outward transportation treatment on lower-layer sludge after dehydration and solidification.
Example two
Pretreatment: after solid-liquid separation is carried out on the domestic sewage through the grid channel and the grit chamber, the domestic sewage flows into the regulating tank, and water quality regulation and mixing are carried out in the regulating tank;
air floatation and hydrolytic acidification, namely transferring the regulated sewage into an air floatation tank provided with an air floatation machine, adding PAM (polyacrylamide) into the air floatation tank according to the addition of 400 mg/L, removing suspended matters through air floatation, transferring the effluent into an acidification tank, staying for 4 hours, decomposing organic matters which have larger molecular weight and are difficult to treat into small molecular inorganic matters under the action of anaerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria, and removing part of the organic matters;
biological treatment, namely transferring the effluent of an acidification tank into an anoxic tank, controlling the dissolved oxygen of the anoxic tank to be 0.1-0.2 mg/L, staying for 2 hours, performing denitrification reaction by facultative microorganisms in the anoxic tank, transferring the treated effluent into an aerobic tank, performing aeration treatment on the aerobic tank by using an air blower, controlling the oxygen content of the aerobic tank to be 2-3 mg/L, staying for 7 hours, removing organic matters in the wastewater by aerobic microorganisms in the aerobic tank, and simultaneously completing nitration reaction and organic phosphorus conversion;
refluxing part of the effluent of the aerobic tank to an anoxic tank at a reflux ratio of 300%, transferring the rest part to an adsorption tank, adjusting the pH to be less than 4 by using 65% nitric acid solution, adding a phosphorus removal adsorbent according to the addition amount of 1.5 g/L, stirring and mixing uniformly, slowly stirring for 22h, recovering the phosphorus removal adsorbent through magnetic separation, adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to 6-7, adding a PAC solution with the mass fraction of 5%, and stirring for 12min, wherein the addition amount of PAC is 250 mg/L;
precipitation and separation: transferring the sewage in the adsorption tank into a secondary sedimentation tank, staying for 26h, standing, precipitating and separating, allowing supernatant to flow out, performing after-treatment and discharging to reach the standard, and performing outward transportation treatment on lower-layer sludge after dehydration and solidification
EXAMPLE III
Pretreatment: after solid-liquid separation is carried out on the domestic sewage through the grid channel and the grit chamber, the domestic sewage flows into the regulating tank, and water quality regulation and mixing are carried out in the regulating tank;
air floatation and hydrolytic acidification, namely transferring the regulated sewage into an air floatation tank provided with an air floatation machine, adding PAM (polyacrylamide) into the air floatation tank according to the addition amount of 500 mg/L, removing suspended matters through air floatation, transferring the effluent into an acidification tank, staying for 4 hours, decomposing organic matters which have larger molecular weight and are difficult to treat into small molecular inorganic matters under the action of anaerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria, and removing part of the organic matters;
biological treatment, namely transferring the effluent of an acidification tank into an anoxic tank, controlling the dissolved oxygen of the anoxic tank to be 0.1-0.2 mg/L, staying for 1.5h, performing denitrification reaction by facultative microorganisms in the anoxic tank, transferring the treated effluent into an aerobic tank, performing aeration treatment by using an air blower in the aerobic tank, controlling the oxygen content of the aerobic tank to be 2-3 mg/L, staying for 12h, removing organic matters in the wastewater by aerobic microorganisms in the aerobic tank, and simultaneously completing nitration reaction and organic phosphorus conversion;
refluxing part of the effluent of the aerobic tank to the anoxic tank at a reflux ratio of 300%, transferring the rest part to the adsorption tank, adjusting the pH to 2-3 by using 65% nitric acid solution, adding a phosphorus removal adsorbent according to the addition amount of 1.8 g/L, stirring and mixing uniformly, slowly stirring for 22h, recovering the phosphorus removal adsorbent through magnetic separation, adding sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to 6-7, adding 5% by mass of PAC solution, and stirring for 15min, wherein the addition amount of PAC is 300 mg/L;
precipitation and separation: transferring the sewage in the adsorption tank into a secondary sedimentation tank, staying for 28h, standing, precipitating and separating, allowing supernatant to flow out, performing after-treatment and discharging to reach the standard, and performing outward transportation treatment on lower-layer sludge after dehydration and solidification
Comparative example 1
Compared with the embodiment, the difference of the comparison example is that the phosphorus removal adsorbent in the phosphorus adsorption and removal step is replaced by modified ceramsite.
Comparative example No. two
Compared with the examples, the difference of the comparison example is that the phosphorus removal adsorbent in the phosphorus removal adsorption step is replaced by activated alumina with the same mass and the same particle size.
Indexes in the treated domestic sewage of the examples, the first comparative example and the second comparative example are detected, and the detection results are shown in the following table:
it can be seen that the method of the invention is adopted to treat domestic sewage, the removal rate of phosphorus in the sewage reaches 99%, and the phosphorus content in the effluent can meet the first class A discharge standard in the national discharge Standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB 18918-2002).
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (9)
1. A method for efficiently removing phosphorus from domestic sewage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pretreatment: after solid-liquid separation is carried out on the domestic sewage through the grid channel and the grit chamber, the domestic sewage flows into the regulating tank, and water quality regulation and mixing are carried out in the regulating tank;
air floatation and hydrolytic acidification: transferring the regulated sewage into an air floatation tank provided with an air floatation machine, adding PAM into the air floatation tank, removing suspended matters through air floatation, and transferring the effluent into an acidification tank to be subjected to hydrolytic acidification treatment;
biological treatment: the effluent of the acidification tank is transferred into an anoxic tank, is transferred into an aerobic tank after being subjected to facultative anaerobic microbial denitrification treatment, and is subjected to aerobic microbial treatment in the aerobic tank;
and (3) adsorption dephosphorization: transferring effluent of the aerobic tank into an adsorption tank, adjusting the pH value to be less than 4, adding a phosphorus removal adsorbent, stirring and mixing uniformly, slowly stirring for 20-22h, recovering the phosphorus removal adsorbent through magnetic separation, adjusting the pH value to be 6-7, adding PAC (polyaluminium chloride) and stirring for 10-15 min;
precipitation and separation: and transferring the sewage in the adsorption tank into a secondary sedimentation tank, standing, precipitating and separating, allowing supernatant to flow out, performing after-treatment and discharging to reach the standard, and performing outward transportation treatment on lower-layer sludge after dehydration and solidification.
2. The efficient domestic sewage dephosphorization method according to claim 1, wherein the dosage of PAM in the flotation tank is 400-60 mg/L.
3. The efficient phosphorus removal method for domestic sewage according to claim 1, wherein the aeration treatment is performed in the aerobic tank by using an air blower, the retention time of the aerobic tank is 7-12h, and the oxygen content is 2-3 mg/L.
4. The efficient phosphorus removal method for domestic sewage according to claim 3, wherein the effluent part of the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank, and the reflux ratio is 300%.
5. The method for high-efficiency phosphorus removal from domestic sewage as claimed in claim 4, wherein the amount of said phosphorus removal adsorbent added in said aerobic tank is 1.5-2 g/L and is 200-300 mg/L.
6. The efficient phosphorus removal method for domestic sewage according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the phosphorus removal adsorbent is formed by loading iron-doped modified ceramsite with nano-activated alumina and then wrapping a silica gel shell layer, wherein the silica gel shell layer has a porous structure with a plurality of macropores, and the bismuth oxide/carbon quantum dot composite is loaded in the silica gel shell layer.
7. The method for removing phosphorus in domestic sewage with high efficiency as claimed in claim 6, wherein the modified ceramsite is prepared by using the dredged sediment and the suspended matters removed in the air flotation step as raw materials, adding auxiliary materials, pore-forming agent, spraying ferric chloride solution, mixing, kneading into pills, and baking.
8. The efficient phosphorus removal method for domestic sewage according to claim 7, wherein the auxiliary materials are fly ash, magnesium chloride, starch and cement, and the pore-forming agent is straw or foam.
9. The efficient phosphorus removal method for domestic sewage according to claim 8, wherein the modified ceramsite has a mesoporous structure, a particle size of 1-1.5mm, and a porosity of 50% -65%.
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| CN114225898A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-25 | 格丰科技材料有限公司 | Phosphorus removal material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in sewage treatment |
| CN115991559A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-04-21 | 山东省鑫科环境咨询有限公司 | Treatment method of phosphorus-containing sewage in industrial environment |
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