CN111404340A - Axial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor - Google Patents
Axial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111404340A CN111404340A CN202010278651.2A CN202010278651A CN111404340A CN 111404340 A CN111404340 A CN 111404340A CN 202010278651 A CN202010278651 A CN 202010278651A CN 111404340 A CN111404340 A CN 111404340A
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- rotor
- permanent magnet
- reluctance
- rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
Abstract
The invention discloses an axial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor, which comprises a rotating shaft, a plurality of reluctance rotors and permanent magnet rotors, wherein the plurality of reluctance rotors are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft along the axial direction; the reluctance rotor comprises a reluctance rotor core and a plurality of magnetic barrier structures uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the reluctance rotor core; the permanent magnet rotor comprises a permanent magnet rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets uniformly arranged on the permanent magnet rotor iron core. The invention can effectively solve the problems of insufficient utilization of permanent magnet torque, low mechanical strength and high processing cost of the radial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor, improves the reliability of the permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor and widens the application occasions of the permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to an axial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor.
Background
The motor is an important component in an industrial system, and the motor with excellent performance is important for the industrial system. The synchronous reluctance motor has the advantages of low cost and high power density by arranging the plurality of layers of magnetic barriers on the rotor to improve the motor convexity probability so as to generate reluctance torque. However, the synchronous reluctance motor has the problem of low power factor, which causes the requirement of the motor system on the capacity of the driving frequency converter to be greatly increased, dilutes the advantage in cost, and also greatly limits the application occasions of the motor of the type.
The traditional radial composite permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor continues to use the structural characteristics of the synchronous reluctance motor, and meanwhile, the permanent magnet is added into the rotor magnetic barrier of the motor, so that the advantages of the synchronous reluctance motor are kept, and the problem of low power factor of the synchronous reluctance motor is solved. In this structure, the permanent magnets in the rotor are stacked one on top of the other in the radial direction, and therefore, the permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor can be called as a radial compound permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN104901452A discloses a permanent-magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor rotor applicable to high-speed applications, which includes a rotor core, magnetic barriers distributed on the rotor core, and magnetic steels disposed in the magnetic barriers, wherein four layers of boat-shaped magnetic barriers are distributed under each pole of the rotor core, and each layer of magnetic barriers is formed by connecting and closing a straight line portion located in the middle and perpendicular to the d-axis direction and an oblique straight line portion located at both ends and forming an angle of α degrees with the d-axis.
However, the conventional radial compound permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor has some problems: 1. because of the complex in radial space, the spatial positions of the permanent magnets and the rotor magnetic barriers are fixed, the torque generated by the reluctance rotor under the action of the stator current (namely reluctance torque) and the torque generated by the permanent magnet rotor under the action of the stator current (namely permanent magnet torque) cannot simultaneously tend to be maximized, and when one torque is maximized, the other torque is reduced, so that the total torque (namely the sum of the reluctance torque and the permanent magnet torque) of the motor cannot be maximized. 2. The rotor of the reluctance motor is provided with a magnetic bridge part with smaller size, and the thinner the magnetic bridge is, the larger the reluctance torque is, but the lower the mechanical strength of the rotor is. And the permanent magnet is added into the magnetic barrier, so that the centrifugal force borne by the magnetic bridge is further increased, the size of the magnetic bridge is limited to a certain extent, and the output torque of the motor is reduced. 3. In order to improve the reluctance torque of the motor, a rotor of the synchronous reluctance motor is generally provided with a plurality of layers of magnetic barriers, and the conventional radial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor requires that permanent magnets are also divided into a plurality of layers, namely, the permanent magnets are added into each layer of magnetic barriers. Therefore, the number of the permanent magnets is large, the using amount is large, and the material cost of the permanent magnets, the process cost of the rotor and the production cost are greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the axial combined type permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor, which can effectively solve the problems of insufficient utilization of permanent magnet torque, low mechanical strength and high processing cost of the radial combined type permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor, improve the reliability of the motor and widen the application occasions of the permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an axial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor comprises a rotating shaft, a plurality of reluctance rotors and permanent magnet rotors, wherein the plurality of reluctance rotors are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft along the axial direction;
the reluctance rotor comprises a reluctance rotor core and a plurality of magnetic barrier structures uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the reluctance rotor core; the permanent magnet rotor comprises a permanent magnet rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets uniformly arranged on the permanent magnet rotor iron core.
The traditional radial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor needs to add permanent magnets on a reluctance rotor, and a permanent magnet groove and a fixed step need to be additionally added on a magnetic barrier of the reluctance rotor; meanwhile, the reluctance rotor has fine-sized portions, such as axial magnetic bridges, radial magnetic bridges, etc., and the smaller the physical size is, the higher the power density of the motor is, but the lower the mechanical strength of the motor rotor is. And the addition of permanent magnets in the rotor magnetic barriers worsens the stress conditions at these dimensionally precise locations.
The permanent magnet rotor and the reluctance rotor are decoupled through an axial combined structure. Permanent magnets in the magnetic barriers of the reluctance rotor are removed, and the permanent magnets are independently designed as a permanent magnet rotor. This allows the design of the two-part rotor to be performed independently and in parallel.
In order to prevent the performance deterioration caused by the mutual influence due to the three-dimensional effect, the different permanent magnet rotors and the reluctance rotors are separated. In the invention, adjacent reluctance rotors and permanent magnet rotors are separated by a magnetic separation baffle or air, and the separation distance is 5-10 times of the size of an air gap between a stator and a rotor of the motor.
Interference fit is adopted between the reluctance rotor core and the rotating shaft and between the permanent magnet rotor core and the rotating shaft, and positioning can be achieved through the key groove and the shaft key.
The magnetic barrier structure adopts a plurality of layers of air magnetic barriers, and a magnetic bridge is arranged between each layer of air magnetic barrier and the outer circle of the reluctance rotor.
Preferably, the multi-layer air barrier of each barrier structure is composed of a plurality of non-concentric circular arcs with different size parameters.
In the invention, the reluctance rotor removes the permanent magnet groove and the fixed step on the original radial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor. After the permanent magnets are removed, the stress borne by the precise positions with the same size, such as the circumferential magnetic bridge and the radial magnetic bridge, on the rotor is greatly reduced, the size can be continuously reduced, and higher reluctance torque can be obtained while the mechanical strength is ensured.
Preferably, the air barriers of different layers in each barrier structure are sequentially arranged along the radial direction (i.e. the q-axis direction), and the air barriers of different barrier structures have the same arrangement and shape.
Furthermore, each magnetic barrier structure is composed of 3-5 layers of air magnetic barriers.
In the invention, the permanent magnet rotor adopts two different rotor structures according to the actual performance requirements, and the permanent magnet can adopt a surface-mounted structure or a built-in structure.
When the common rotating speed of the motor is lower, the permanent magnet rotor adopts a surface-mounted permanent magnet rotor design. The permanent magnet is designed into a tile shape and is adhered to the iron core of the rotor through glue. When the rotating speed of the motor is higher, the design of a built-in permanent magnet rotor can be adopted, and the built-in permanent magnet can be arranged in a V shape and a linear shape.
The d-axes of adjacent reluctance rotors are overlapped and deviate from the d-axis of the permanent magnet rotor by a fixed angle.
The invention determines the relative position between the rotating shaft and different rotors through shaft key positioning. The d shaft of the permanent magnet rotor deviates from the d shaft of the reluctance rotor by a fixed angle through a shaft key, so that the magnetic poles of the reluctance rotor and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet rotor are staggered by a certain angle in the circumferential direction. The two types of rotors keep proper circumferential relative positions, so that the torque generated by the rotors tends to be maximized under the action of the same stator current, and the output of the motor is improved; torque ripple components generated by various rotors are mutually offset, and the ripple component of the output torque of the motor is reduced; after the induction potential formed by the permanent magnet rotor and the reluctance rotor in the stator winding and the impedance voltage drop of the stator winding are mutually synthesized, the phase angle of the total voltage approaches to the phase angle of the current, and further the power factor of the motor is improved.
In the manufacturing process of the rotor, the reluctance rotor core and the permanent magnet rotor core can be respectively laminated by corresponding rotor laminations and then fixed by bolts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the invention, the reluctance rotor removes the permanent magnet slot and the fixed step on the original radial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor; after the permanent magnets are removed, the stress borne by the precise positions with the same size, such as the circumferential magnetic bridge and the radial magnetic bridge, on the rotor is greatly reduced, the size can be continuously reduced, and higher reluctance torque can be obtained while the mechanical strength is ensured.
2. The traditional radial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor needs to be additionally provided with a rotor end pressing plate, and the rotor end pressing plate has the function of preventing permanent magnets from axially displacing and has the function of reinforcing a rotor structure; in the invention, the permanent magnet rotor is assembled between the two sections of reluctance rotors, so that the function of the original rotor end pressing plate is replaced, and the process complexity of rotor manufacturing is reduced.
3. The usage amount of the permanent magnet of the traditional radial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor is generally small, and the magnetic barriers are layered more, so that the size of each layer of the permanent magnet is small, and the difficulty of embedding the permanent magnet is increased; the invention can independently optimize the size and the shape of the permanent magnet under the same cost by the design of the independent permanent magnet rotor, thereby greatly reducing the difficulty of embedding the permanent magnet and saving the labor cost for manufacturing the rotor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional radial hybrid permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor rotor;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an axial hybrid permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a reluctance rotor structure of an axial composite permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a permanent magnet rotor of an axial compound permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, which are intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention without limiting it in any way.
As shown in fig. 1, the radial combined permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure is composed of a rotor core 1, a rotating shaft 2, a permanent magnet slot 3, an air magnetic barrier 4 and a magnetic bridge 8.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the structure of the axial combined permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor rotor according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a rotating shaft 2, a plurality of reluctance rotors 5 fixed on the rotating shaft 2 along an axial direction, and a permanent magnet rotor 6 disposed between adjacent reluctance rotors 5. Be equipped with keyway 9 on the pivot 2, realize the location of pivot 2 with reluctance rotor 5, permanent magnet rotor 6 respectively through keyway 9.
In this embodiment, the number of the reluctance rotors 5 is two, the number of the permanent magnet rotors 6 is one, and the permanent magnet rotors 6 and the reluctance rotors 5 may have the same or different axial lengths. The adjacent reluctance rotors 5 and the permanent magnet rotors 6 are separated by magnetic separation baffles 7, and the separation distance is 5-10 times of the size of an air gap between a stator and a rotor of the motor.
As shown in fig. 3, the reluctance rotor 5 includes a reluctance rotor core 51 and a plurality of magnetic barrier structures uniformly arranged along a circumferential direction of the reluctance rotor core 51; the reluctance rotor core 51 and the rotating shaft 2 are in interference fit, and are positioned through the key slot 9.
In this embodiment, four magnetic barrier structures are adopted, each magnetic barrier structure adopts four layers of air magnetic barriers 52 and is composed of four non-concentric arcs with different size parameters, a magnetic bridge 8 is arranged between each layer of air magnetic barriers 52 and the outer circle of the reluctance rotor 5, and all parts of the rotor are connected through the magnetic bridge 8. Under the same pole, each layer of air magnetic barrier 52 has different shapes; under different poles, the corresponding magnetic barrier layers have the same shape and arrangement mode.
The structure of the permanent magnet rotor 6 is shown in fig. 4, and includes a permanent magnet rotor core 61 and a plurality of permanent magnets 62 uniformly arranged on the permanent magnet rotor core 61, in this embodiment, the number of the permanent magnets 62 is the same as that of the magnetic barrier structures, and is four. The permanent magnet rotor core 61 and the rotating shaft 2 are in interference fit, and positioning is achieved through the key groove 9. The permanent magnet 62 is attached to the surface of the permanent magnet rotor core 61 by glue.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, in the existing radial composite permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor, a reluctance motor rotor is provided with multiple layers of air magnetic barriers 4 along a q axis, on the premise of keeping d axis inductance unchanged, q axis inductance is reduced as much as possible, and a larger reluctance torque is generated through the inductance difference between the d axis and the q axis to supply the motor to operate. The radial composite permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor is provided with the permanent magnets in the permanent magnet grooves 3, and the back electromotive force is generated through the permanent magnets, so that the power factor of the motor is improved while a certain permanent magnet torque is provided.
In the invention, the permanent magnet originally arranged in the permanent magnet groove 3 in the radial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor air magnetic barrier is moved out, and the permanent magnet rotor 6 is designed on the premise of ensuring the same volume, so that the permanent magnet provides the same back electromotive force, and the power factor of the motor is ensured. Through changing the relative position between permanent magnet rotor 6 and reluctance rotor 5 to the d axle of rotatory permanent magnet rotor 6 reduces the contained angle of permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque gradually, makes permanent magnet torque and reluctance torque coincide, and make full use of permanent magnet torque has promoted permanent magnetism auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor's power density.
In the design process, the permanent magnet rotor 6 and the reluctance rotor 5 can be independently decoupled for design; the reluctance rotor 5 removes the permanent magnet slots 3, has higher design freedom, and meanwhile, the magnetic bridge 8 at the weak part of mechanical strength can adopt smaller size, so that the harmonic content and the torque pulsation of the motor can be reduced more easily while the integral power density of the motor is improved.
In a specific production process, firstly, the permanent magnet rotor 6 and the reluctance rotor 5 are laminated independently. The complicated step of inlaying magnetic steel is removed in the rotor lamination process, and the fixed punching sheets are respectively taken and laminated to a specified length through bolt positioning. Then, after the permanent magnet rotor core 61 is laminated, the permanent magnets 62 are tightly attached to the outer surface of the permanent magnet rotor core 61 by glue. Then, a section of the stacked reluctance rotor 5 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2, and a positioning bolt is added. The magnetic isolation baffle 7 and the permanent magnet rotor 6 are added by positioning through a shaft key and a bolt. And finally, adding another magnetic isolation baffle 7 and the stacked reluctance rotor 5 at the other end, and screwing a nut at the other end of the bolt to ensure that no obvious gap exists between the rotors at all sections.
As an implementation case, after the radial composite structure is adopted for the permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor with three thousand revolutions per minute and four kilowatts, the total power density is improved by 7 percent on the premise of ensuring that the volume and the power factor of the motor are not changed, and meanwhile, the process difficulty and the manufacturing time of the motor are greatly reduced.
The embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, additions and equivalents made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An axial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor is characterized by comprising a rotating shaft, a plurality of reluctance rotors and permanent magnet rotors, wherein the plurality of reluctance rotors are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft along the axial direction;
the reluctance rotor comprises a reluctance rotor core and a plurality of magnetic barrier structures uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the reluctance rotor core; the permanent magnet rotor comprises a permanent magnet rotor iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets uniformly arranged on the permanent magnet rotor iron core.
2. The rotor of claim 1, wherein adjacent reluctance rotors are separated from each other by a magnetic separation baffle or air, and the separation distance is 5-10 times the size of the air gap between the stator and the rotor of the motor.
3. The rotor of claim 1, wherein the reluctance rotor core and the shaft, and the permanent magnet rotor core and the shaft are in interference fit.
4. The rotor of claim 1, wherein the magnetic barrier structure comprises multiple layers of air magnetic barriers, and a magnetic bridge is disposed between each layer of air magnetic barrier and an outer circle of the reluctance rotor.
5. The rotor of claim 4, wherein the air barriers of different layers in each magnetic barrier structure are sequentially arranged along the q-axis direction, and the air barriers of different magnetic barrier structures have the same arrangement and shape.
6. The rotor of claim 4, wherein each magnetic barrier structure comprises 3-5 layers of air magnetic barriers.
7. The rotor of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet of the permanent magnet rotor is of a surface-mounted or built-in structure.
8. The rotor of claim 1, wherein the d-axes of adjacent reluctance rotors are coincident and offset from the d-axes of the permanent magnet rotors by a fixed angle.
9. The rotor of claim 1, wherein the reluctance rotor core and the permanent magnet rotor core are respectively laminated and fixed by corresponding rotor laminations.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010278651.2A CN111404340A (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Axial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010278651.2A CN111404340A (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Axial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor |
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| CN111404340A true CN111404340A (en) | 2020-07-10 |
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| CN202010278651.2A Pending CN111404340A (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Axial combined permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112039239A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-04 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Rotor pressing plate for permanent magnet synchronous motor and permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN112182884A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-05 | 上海电机系统节能工程技术研究中心有限公司 | Motor design method, device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN112542911A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-23 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Novel mixed excitation permanent magnet motor rotor structure |
| CN112688511A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-20 | 山东大学 | Asymmetric integrated rotor type permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor, method and application |
| CN114400809A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-26 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | Axial superposition type permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure |
-
2020
- 2020-04-10 CN CN202010278651.2A patent/CN111404340A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112039239A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-04 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Rotor pressing plate for permanent magnet synchronous motor and permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN112182884A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-05 | 上海电机系统节能工程技术研究中心有限公司 | Motor design method, device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium |
| CN112182884B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2023-06-27 | 上海电机系统节能工程技术研究中心有限公司 | Motor design method, apparatus, electronic device, and computer-readable storage medium |
| CN112688511A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-20 | 山东大学 | Asymmetric integrated rotor type permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor, method and application |
| CN112542911A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-23 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Novel mixed excitation permanent magnet motor rotor structure |
| CN114400809A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-26 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | Axial superposition type permanent magnet auxiliary synchronous reluctance motor rotor structure |
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