CN111398825A - Device and method for testing electrochemical performance of lithium battery and observing cross section morphology - Google Patents

Device and method for testing electrochemical performance of lithium battery and observing cross section morphology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111398825A
CN111398825A CN202010288395.5A CN202010288395A CN111398825A CN 111398825 A CN111398825 A CN 111398825A CN 202010288395 A CN202010288395 A CN 202010288395A CN 111398825 A CN111398825 A CN 111398825A
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China
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battery
clamp body
hole
battery clamp
outer frame
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Pending
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CN202010288395.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
崔光磊
辛云川
徐红霞
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Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology of CAS
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Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology of CAS
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Priority to CN202010288395.5A priority Critical patent/CN111398825A/en
Publication of CN111398825A publication Critical patent/CN111398825A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/02General constructional details
    • G01R1/04Housings; Supporting members; Arrangements of terminals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/02General constructional details
    • G01R1/04Housings; Supporting members; Arrangements of terminals
    • G01R1/0408Test fixtures or contact fields; Connectors or connecting adaptors; Test clips; Test sockets

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a device and a method for testing electrochemical performance and observing cross-sectional morphology of a lithium battery. The device comprises an outer frame, a battery clamp assembly, a pressure sensor, a force application mechanism and an electrode probe; the battery clamp assembly is arranged in the outer frame and used for clamping a battery pole piece to be tested; the force application mechanism is arranged on the outer frame and used for applying external force to the battery pole piece in the battery clamp body; the pressure sensor is arranged on the force application mechanism and used for monitoring the pressure output by the force application mechanism; one end of the electrode probe is contacted with the battery pole piece to be tested, and the other end of the electrode probe extends out of the outer frame and is used for signal output. The whole testing device has a simple structure, can test a complete battery, a half battery, a battery and the like, has a small structure, is very suitable for being used in a laboratory, and is favorable for being matched with other optical testing equipment and electrical testing equipment.

Description

Device and method for testing electrochemical performance of lithium battery and observing cross section morphology
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a device and a method for testing electrochemical performance and observing cross-sectional morphology of a lithium battery.
Technical Field
The lithium battery is used as a new high-energy secondary battery and is widely applied to the fields of digital 3C products, electric automobiles, unmanned aerial vehicles and the like in recent years. The lithium battery has the advantages of high energy density, high output power, long cycle life, long endurance, small self-discharge loss and the like, so the lithium battery gradually replaces the application field of the traditional lead-acid battery and the traditional nickel-chromium battery. Lithium batteries are various in type, and include lithium ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, lithium polymer batteries, lithium solid state batteries, and the like. At present, enterprises, research institutes and schools of all countries around the world are dedicated to the technical research of lithium batteries, and the application range of the lithium batteries is not limited to the application field of replacing the traditional secondary batteries, but is more developed towards a new direction, such as the fields of deep sea, aviation, geology and the like. These fields have special requirements for battery performance, such as high and low temperature resistance, pressure resistance, etc. At present, the research on lithium batteries under the pressure condition is few, and corresponding tools are few and few. Therefore, a device for testing the electrochemical performance and optically observing the change of the cross-sectional morphology of the lithium battery under the pressure condition is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an apparatus for testing electrochemical performance of lithium battery and observing cross-sectional morphology and a method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for testing electrochemical performance and observing cross-sectional morphology of a lithium battery comprises an outer frame, a battery clamp assembly, a pressure sensor, a force application mechanism and an electrode probe; the battery clamp assembly is arranged in the outer frame and used for clamping a battery pole piece to be tested; the force application mechanism is arranged on the outer frame and used for applying external force to the battery pole piece in the battery clamp body; the pressure sensor is arranged on the force application mechanism and used for monitoring the pressure output by the force application mechanism; one end of the electrode probe is in contact with the battery pole piece to be tested, and the other end of the electrode probe extends out of the outer frame and is used for signal output.
The battery clamp assembly comprises a battery clamp body, a sealing cover assembly and two conductive gaskets, wherein the two conductive gaskets are arranged in the battery clamp body and used for clamping a battery pole piece to be tested; the sealing cover assembly is arranged above the battery clamp body and is connected with the battery clamp body in a sealing mode.
A battery accommodating groove for accommodating the battery pole piece to be tested is formed in the top of the battery clamp body; a through hole I and a through hole II which are communicated with the battery accommodating groove are respectively formed in the two opposite sides of the battery clamp body, and the through hole I is used for the force application mechanism to pass through; and the through hole II is used for the through hole of the electrode probe.
The sealing cover assembly comprises a sealing gasket and a sealing cover, and the sealing gasket is arranged above the battery accommodating groove and is compressed through the sealing cover.
The sealing gasket is made of transparent materials; the sealing cover is provided with an opening for optical observation; the sealing cover is connected with the battery clamp body through a fixing screw.
The force application mechanism comprises a pressurizing screw and an ejector rod, the pressurizing screw is in threaded connection with the outer frame, and the end part of the pressurizing screw is connected with the pressure sensor; one end of the ejector rod is connected with the pressure sensor, and the other end of the ejector rod penetrates through a through hole II in the battery clamp body and is abutted to the conductive gasket.
The battery clamp is characterized in that the ejector rod is provided with a plurality of annular grooves, and the ejector rod is hermetically connected with the battery clamp body through a sealing ring sleeved in the annular grooves.
The outer frame is of a Chinese character 'hui' structure, threaded holes and signal output holes are formed in two opposite sides of the outer frame respectively, and the compression screws are connected with the threaded holes; the electrode probe extends out of the signal output hole and is connected with an electrochemical measuring instrument.
The method for testing the electrochemical performance of the lithium battery and the device for observing the section morphology comprises the following steps:
1) clamping a battery pole piece to be tested through two conductive gaskets, and then integrally placing the battery pole piece into a battery accommodating groove on the battery clamp body;
inserting one end of an electrode probe into a through hole I on one side of the battery clamp body and contacting with a conductive gasket;
inserting the ejector rod into a through hole II on the other side of the battery clamp body and abutting against another conductive gasket;
covering the battery accommodating groove on the battery clamp body with a transparent sealing gasket, pressing the battery accommodating groove with the sealing cover, and fixing the sealing cover on the surface of the battery clamp body with a fixing screw;
2) placing the sealed battery clamp assembly in the middle of the outer frame, placing a pressure sensor, and screwing a pressurizing screw;
3) and adjusting the tightness of the pressurizing screw, applying different pressures to the battery pole piece, and carrying out optical observation at the opening of the sealing cover.
Connecting the electrode probe with one end of an electrochemical measuring instrument, and connecting the other end of the electrochemical measuring instrument with a mandril; and adjusting the tightness of the pressurizing screw, applying different pressures to the battery pole pieces, and measuring simultaneously.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the pressure is transmitted to the pressure sensor through the pressurizing screw, the battery pole piece clamped between the two conductive gaskets is extruded through the ejector rod, and the electric signal is led out through the electrode probe, so that the electrochemical performance test and the observation of the section morphology of the battery are realized under the pressurizing state; the whole testing device is simple in structure, can test a complete battery, a half battery, a battery and the like, is very suitable for being used in a laboratory due to a small structure, and is favorable for being matched with other optical testing equipment and electrical testing equipment.
The invention pressurizes the battery pole piece by the pressurizing screw, has convenient operation and flexible adjustment, and can easily finish the test of the electrochemical performance of the lithium battery and the observation of the section appearance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an outer frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the battery holder according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the carrier rod of the present invention.
In the figure: the battery clamp comprises an outer frame 1, a threaded hole 101, a signal output hole 102, a battery clamp body 2, a battery accommodating groove 201, a through hole I202, a through hole II 203, a connecting hole 204, a pressure sensor 3, a pressurizing screw 4, a mandril 5, an annular groove 501, a conductive gasket 6, a sealing gasket 7, a sealing cover 8, a fixing screw 9, a sealing ring 10 and an electrode probe 11.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the device for testing electrochemical performance and observing cross-sectional morphology of lithium battery provided by the invention comprises an outer frame 1, a battery clamp assembly, a pressure sensor 3, a force application mechanism and an electrode probe 11; the battery clamp assembly is arranged in the outer frame 1 and used for clamping a battery pole piece to be tested; the force application mechanism is arranged on the outer frame 1 and is used for applying external force to the battery pole piece in the battery clamp body 2; the pressure sensor 3 is arranged on the force application mechanism and used for monitoring the pressure output by the force application mechanism; one end of the electrode probe 11 is contacted with the battery pole piece to be tested, and the other end extends out of the outer frame 1 and is used for signal output. The pressure is transmitted to the pressure sensor 3 through the force application mechanism, then the battery pole piece clamped in the battery clamp assembly is extruded, and an electric signal is led out through the electrode probe 11, so that the electrochemical performance test and the observation of the section morphology of the battery are realized under the pressurized state.
In the embodiment of the invention, the battery clamp assembly comprises a battery clamp body 2, a sealing cover assembly and two conductive gaskets 6, wherein the two conductive gaskets 6 are arranged in the battery clamp body 2 and used for clamping a battery pole piece to be tested; the sealing cover assembly is arranged above the battery clamp body 2 and is connected with the battery clamp body 2 in a sealing mode.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, a battery accommodating groove 201 is formed in the top of the battery clamp body 2, and the two conductive pads 6 are accommodated in the battery accommodating groove 201 after clamping the battery pole piece to be tested; the two opposite sides of the battery clamp body 2 are respectively provided with a through hole I202 and a through hole II 203 which are communicated with the battery accommodating groove 201, and the through hole I202 is used for the force application mechanism to pass through; the through hole II 203 is used for passing through the electrode probe 11.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the sealing cover assembly includes a sealing gasket 7 and a sealing cover 8, the sealing gasket 7 is disposed above the battery receiving groove 201 of the battery holder body 2 and is compressed by the sealing cover 8, and the sealing cover 8 is connected with the battery holder body 2 by a fixing screw 9, so that the battery pole piece is received in the closed space.
Specifically, the sealing gasket 7 is made of a transparent material; the sealing cover 8 is provided with an opening for optical observation, and the shape change of the cross section of the battery pole piece in the battery accommodating groove 201 after being extruded is observed from the opening on the sealing cover 8.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the force applying mechanism includes a pressure screw 4 and a push rod 5, the pressure screw 4 is connected with the outer frame 1 by screw thread, and the end part is connected with the pressure sensor 3; one end of the ejector rod 5 is connected with the pressure sensor 3, and the other end of the ejector rod penetrates through the through hole II 203 on the battery clamp body 2 and abuts against the conductive gasket 6.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, a plurality of annular grooves 501 are formed in the lift pin 5, and the lift pin 5 is hermetically connected with the through hole ii 203 of the battery holder body 2 through a sealing ring 10 sleeved in the annular grooves 501. Preferably, the top bar 5 is provided with one to three annular grooves 501.
As shown in fig. 3, the outer frame 1 is a square-shaped structure, and the opposite two sides are respectively provided with a threaded hole 101 and a signal output hole 102, and the pressure screw 4 is connected with the threaded hole 101; the electrode probe 11 protrudes from the signal output hole 102 and is connected to an electrochemical measuring instrument.
Specifically, the battery accommodating groove 201 on the battery holder body 2 is a non-through square groove, and the conductive gasket 6 is subjected to surface polishing treatment and is installed in the non-through square groove of the battery holder body 2. Through-hole I202 and through-hole II 203 of the battery anchor clamps body 2 both sides are the circular port to the diameter of through-hole II 203 is greater than the diameter of through-hole I202, and the inner wall of through-hole II 203 is polished for installation ejector pin 5.
The device for testing the electrochemical performance and observing the section morphology of the lithium battery realizes the test of the electrochemical characteristics of the lithium battery under different pressure conditions, and a battery measurement signal is led out through the electrode probe 11 and the ejector rod 5; meanwhile, under different pressure conditions, the change of the cross section appearance of the lithium battery can be observed from the sealing gasket 7.
A test method for the device for testing the electrochemical performance and observing the section morphology of the lithium battery comprises the following steps:
1) through the battery anchor clamps subassembly centre gripping battery pole piece that awaits measuring, insert electrode probe 11 and ejector pin 5 and locate the both sides of battery anchor clamps subassembly, concrete process is:
firstly, clamping a battery pole piece to be tested through two conductive gaskets 6, and then integrally placing the battery pole piece into a battery accommodating groove 201 on a battery clamp body 2;
secondly, inserting one end of an electrode probe 11 into a through hole I202 on one side of the battery clamp body 2 and contacting with a conductive gasket 6; inserting the mandril 5 into the through hole II 203 on the other side of the battery clamp body 2 and abutting against the other conductive gasket 6;
next, the transparent sealing gasket 7 covers the battery receiving groove 201 of the battery holder body 2, and is pressed by the sealing cap 8, and the sealing cap 8 is fixed on the surface of the battery holder body 2 by the fixing screw 9.
2) Placing the sealed battery clamp assembly in the middle of the outer frame 1, placing the pressure sensor 3 on one side of the ejector rod 5, screwing the pressure screw 4, and enabling the pressure screw 4 to be abutted to the pressure sensor 3;
3) the tightness of the pressurizing screw 4 is adjusted, different pressures are applied to the battery pole pieces, optical observation is carried out at the opening of the sealing cover 8, namely, the change of the cross section appearance of the lithium battery is observed from the middle opening of the sealing cover 8.
When electrochemical test is carried out, the electrode probe 11 is connected with one end of an electrochemical measuring instrument, and the other end of the electrochemical measuring instrument is connected with the ejector rod 5; and adjusting the tightness of the pressurizing screw 4, applying different pressures to the battery pole pieces, and measuring simultaneously.
In summary, the conductive gasket 6 clamps the battery pole piece to be observed and puts into the opening of the battery clamp body 2, one side of the conductive gasket 6 is supported by the ejector rod 5, the other side of the conductive gasket is inserted into the electrode probe 11, the upper part of the conductive gasket is pressed by the sealing gasket 7 through the sealing cover 8 to seal the battery clamp body 2, and the sealing is kept through the fixing screw 9. The battery clamp body 2 is placed in the outer frame 1, the pressure is transmitted to the pressure sensor 3 through the pressure screw 4, the battery clamped between the conductive gaskets 6 is extruded through the ejector rod 5, the electrochemical characteristics of the lithium battery are tested under different pressure conditions, a battery measuring signal is led out through the electrode probe 11 and the ejector rod 5, and meanwhile optical observation can be conducted from the sealing gasket 7.
The invention realizes the electrochemical performance test and the observation of the section morphology of the battery under the pressurization state, the whole test device has simple structure, and can test the complete battery, the half battery, the battery and the like. The small structure is very suitable for being used in a laboratory, and is beneficial to being matched with other optical test equipment and electrical test equipment.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, extension, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A device for testing electrochemical performance and observing cross-sectional morphology of a lithium battery is characterized by comprising an outer frame (1), a battery clamp assembly, a pressure sensor (3), a force application mechanism and an electrode probe (11);
the battery clamp assembly is arranged in the outer frame (1) and used for clamping a battery pole piece to be tested;
the force application mechanism is arranged on the outer frame (1) and is used for applying external force to the battery pole piece in the battery clamp body (2);
the pressure sensor (3) is arranged on the force application mechanism and used for monitoring the pressure output by the force application mechanism;
one end of the electrode probe (11) is in contact with the battery pole piece to be tested, and the other end of the electrode probe extends out of the outer frame (1) and is used for signal output.
2. The device for testing the electrochemical performance and observing the cross-sectional morphology of the lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein the battery clamp assembly comprises a battery clamp body (2), a sealing cover assembly and two conductive gaskets (6), wherein the two conductive gaskets (6) are arranged in the battery clamp body (2) and used for clamping a battery pole piece to be tested; the sealing cover assembly is arranged above the battery clamp body (2) and is connected with the battery clamp body (2) in a sealing mode.
3. The device for testing the electrochemical performance and observing the cross-sectional morphology of the lithium battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein a battery accommodating groove (201) for accommodating the battery pole piece to be tested is formed at the top of the battery clamp body (2); a through hole I (202) and a through hole II (203) which are communicated with the battery accommodating groove (201) are respectively formed in two opposite sides of the battery clamp body (2), and the through hole I (202) is used for the force application mechanism to pass through; the through hole II (203) is used for the through hole of the electrode probe (11).
4. The apparatus for testing electrochemical performance and observing cross-sectional morphology of lithium battery according to claim 3, wherein said sealing cover assembly comprises a sealing gasket (7) and a sealing cover (8), said sealing gasket (7) being disposed above said battery receiving groove (201) and being compressed by said sealing cover (8).
5. The device for testing the electrochemical performance and observing the cross-sectional morphology of a lithium battery according to claim 4, characterized in that the sealing gasket (7) is made of a transparent material; the sealing cover (8) is provided with an opening for optical observation; the sealing cover (8) is connected with the battery clamp body (2) through a fixing screw (9).
6. The device for testing the electrochemical performance and observing the cross-sectional morphology of the lithium battery as claimed in claim 3, wherein the force applying mechanism comprises a pressurizing screw (4) and a push rod (5), the pressurizing screw (4) is in threaded connection with the outer frame (1), and the end part of the pressurizing screw is connected with the pressure sensor (3); one end of the ejector rod (5) is connected with the pressure sensor (3), and the other end of the ejector rod penetrates through a through hole II (203) in the battery clamp body (2) and is abutted to the conductive gasket (6).
7. The device for testing the electrochemical performance and observing the cross-sectional morphology of the lithium battery as claimed in claim 6, wherein a plurality of annular grooves (501) are formed in the ejector rod (5), and the ejector rod (5) is hermetically connected with the battery holder body (2) through a sealing ring (10) sleeved in the annular grooves (501).
8. The device and the method for testing the electrochemical performance and observing the cross-sectional morphology of the lithium battery according to claim 6, wherein the outer frame (1) is of a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', and is provided with a threaded hole (101) and a signal output hole (102) on two opposite sides respectively, and the compression screw (4) is connected with the threaded hole (101); the electrode probe (11) extends out of the signal output hole (102) and is connected with an electrochemical measuring instrument.
9. A method for testing the electrochemical performance of a lithium battery and a device for observing the cross-sectional morphology according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
1) the battery pole piece to be tested is clamped by two conductive gaskets (6) and then is integrally placed in a battery accommodating groove (201) on the battery clamp body (2);
one end of an electrode probe (11) is inserted into a through hole I (202) on one side of the battery clamp body (2) and is contacted with a conductive gasket (6);
inserting the ejector rod (5) into a through hole II (203) on the other side of the battery clamp body (2) and abutting against the other conductive gasket (6);
covering the battery accommodating groove (201) on the battery clamp body (2) with a transparent sealing gasket (7), pressing with a sealing cover (8), and fixing the sealing cover (8) on the surface of the battery clamp body (2) with a fixing screw (9);
2) placing the sealed battery clamp assembly in the middle of the outer frame (1), placing the pressure sensor (3) and screwing the compression screw (4);
3) the tightness of the pressurizing screw (4) is adjusted, different pressures are applied to the battery pole pieces, and optical observation is carried out at the opening of the sealing cover (8).
10. The test method according to claim 9, wherein the electrode probe (11) is connected to one end of the electrochemical measuring instrument, and the other end of the electrochemical measuring instrument is connected to the ejector rod (5); and adjusting the tightness of the pressurizing screw (4), applying different pressures to the battery pole pieces, and measuring simultaneously.
CN202010288395.5A 2020-04-14 2020-04-14 Device and method for testing electrochemical performance of lithium battery and observing cross section morphology Pending CN111398825A (en)

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CN202010288395.5A CN111398825A (en) 2020-04-14 2020-04-14 Device and method for testing electrochemical performance of lithium battery and observing cross section morphology

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CN202010288395.5A CN111398825A (en) 2020-04-14 2020-04-14 Device and method for testing electrochemical performance of lithium battery and observing cross section morphology

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113432766A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-09-24 天津大学 Device for in-situ observation of battery operation
CN113433459A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-09-24 天津大学 Device for testing solid lithium battery

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CN202735294U (en) * 2012-07-03 2013-02-13 吉林大学 Dual-purpose type electrochemical capacitor testing device
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CN110118793A (en) * 2019-06-25 2019-08-13 北京工业大学 Electrochemical in-situ experimental provision in a kind of electrochemistry sample clamp and scanning electron microscope
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113432766A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-09-24 天津大学 Device for in-situ observation of battery operation
CN113433459A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-09-24 天津大学 Device for testing solid lithium battery

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