CN111398159B - Multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device and detection analysis method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device and detection analysis method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-scale fiber product contact form testing device and a detection analysis method thereof, wherein the device comprises a plane contact form testing system and a curved surface contact form testing system, both of which are arranged on a rack, and the testing device is used for visually measuring and analyzing fiber bundles with different fiber types and different tissue structures and contact forms between fabrics and carrier surfaces under different loads; the testing device can be used for measuring the curved surface contact form between the multi-scale fiber product and the carrier in the production and weaving process, and also can be used for measuring the plane contact form in the using process, so that a method is provided for effectively researching the surface performance and friction behavior of the multi-scale fiber product, and further the defects of winding, weft yarn shifting and the like in the production process of the multi-scale fiber product are effectively overcome, and the product quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of textile detection equipment, in particular to a multi-scale fiber product contact form testing device and a detection analysis method thereof.
Background
The composite material has been developed into one of four material systems which are parallel to metal materials, inorganic nonmetallic materials and high polymer materials, and has wide application in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, buildings and the like, such as BMW i3 electric vehicles, and the whole vehicle body is made of carbon fiber composite materials; the amount of the "dream plane" boeing B787 composite material is more up to 50%. The textile composite is a composite material containing fibers, yarns or fabrics, and when the component works, the resin in the composite material plays a role in transferring load, and most of the load is borne by the fibers, yarns or fabrics in the components of the composite material. Thus, the properties of the fibers and their products, such as strength, modulus, elongation at break, etc., and the spatial structure, volume content, etc., of the fiber products in the composite material affect the properties of the textile composite material. The mechanical properties of the fiber and the product thereof are greatly affected by the weaving process, the product quality and the use condition. Throughout the whole process of fiber processing and service, the friction behavior is throughout, and the friction behavior influences and determines the processing quality and style parameters of fibers and products thereof to a great extent. Meanwhile, as the fiber product is mostly processed by fiber filaments with small geometric dimensions and has better flexibility, the friction performance of the fiber product is greatly different from the friction performance change rule of a rigid object. The method has great significance in grasping the surface performance and friction behavior of the fiber and the product thereof, improving the weaving process, improving the product quality of the fiber and the product thereof and guaranteeing the mechanical property of the textile composite material.
The existing instruments and equipment for researching the surface properties of fiber products are often limited to the limited parameters such as the friction coefficient, concave-convex texture and the like of the surface; meanwhile, the implementation principle of various test instruments is based on the traditional Amontons law, and only the influence of limited factors such as pressure, speed and the like on friction coefficients and the like can be qualitatively analyzed. Meanwhile, the fiber material is more special in terms of mechanical properties, the contact behavior between a multi-scale fiber product formed by fine fibers and a carrier is more complex than that of a rigid body, and the thickness of yarns/fiber bundles, the fabric structure, the action condition and the like can influence the contact morphology of the fiber product, so that the friction behavior of the fiber product is changed; the existing various test instruments can not accurately measure the data.
Therefore, to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is necessary to provide an innovative multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device and a detection and analysis method thereof, so as to overcome the drawbacks of the existing research devices and methods.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-scale fiber product contact form testing device and a detection analysis method thereof, which solve the problems in the prior art, can realize the measurement of the plane and curved surface contact form between a multi-scale fiber product and a carrier, can realize the analysis of the contact form between fabrics with different fiber types, different thicknesses of fiber bundles and different structures formed by the fiber bundles and the carrier under different loading conditions, provide a new method for researching the surface performance and friction behavior of the fiber and the product thereof, and provide a theoretical basis for improving the weaving process, thereby improving the quality of the fiber and the product thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device comprises a plane contact morphology testing system and a curved surface contact morphology testing system, wherein the plane contact morphology testing system and the curved surface contact morphology testing system are both arranged on a rack, and the testing device is used for visually measuring and analyzing fiber bundles with different fiber types and different tissue structures and contact morphology between fabrics and carrier surfaces under different loads.
Further, the plane contact morphology test system comprises a plane pressurizing device, a light source a and an industrial camera a; the industrial camera a, the light source a and the plane pressurizing device are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
Further, the plane pressurizing device comprises a pressure sensor, a flange, a test plate, a transparent glass plate and a return-shaped pressing plate; the clip-shaped pressing plate is arranged on the transparent glass plate; the transparent glass plate is arranged on the test plate, and a sample to be tested is placed between the transparent glass plate and the test plate; the test board is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor through a flange; the pressure sensor is fixed on the workbench; the workbench is fixed on the frame.
Further, the return-shaped pressing plate is connected with the workbench through a bolt, and a spring is arranged between the bolt and the return-shaped pressing plate; the bolts at the four corners of the return-shaped pressing plate are screwed down to squeeze the springs, so that pressure is applied to the return-shaped pressing plate, the pressure applied to a sample to be measured is adjusted, and the pressure is measured through the pressure sensor.
Further, the curved surface contact morphology test system comprises a curved surface pressurizing device, a light source b and an industrial camera b; the industrial camera b is arranged on the displacement device and can move along a moving track on the moving device; the shifting device is fixed on the frame.
Further, the curved surface pressurizing device comprises a transparent curved surface roller, a clamp, a force application device and an S-shaped force sensor; the transparent curved surface roller is arranged on the frame, and the surface of the transparent curved surface roller is used for bearing a sample; one side of the sample is clamped by a clamp a; the clamp a is connected with the S-shaped force sensor a; the S-shaped force sensor a is fixed on the frame; the other side of the sample is clamped by another clamp b, the clamp b is connected with another S-shaped force sensor b, and the S-shaped force sensor b on the other side is connected with a force application device; the force application device is arranged on the frame; the light source b is located between the transparent curved roller and the industrial camera b.
Further, the force application device comprises a double-rail screw rod, a sliding table and a boss; the double-track screw rod is arranged on the frame, the sliding table is arranged on the double-track screw rod, the double-track screw rod and the sliding table can move relatively, the boss is arranged in a matched manner with the sliding table, and the boss is connected with the S-shaped force sensor b; the vertical position of the sliding table is adjusted, so that the force applied to the sample to be tested is changed.
Further, the clamp comprises an L block and a strip block; one end of the sample to be measured is placed between the L block and the strip-shaped block, and the L block is fixedly connected with the strip-shaped block; the L-shaped block and the strip-shaped block in the clamp are matched to tightly clamp the sample to be tested, so that displacement between the sample to be tested and the clamp is avoided, and errors of detection data are avoided.
Further, the shifting device comprises a chute and a sliding block, wherein the sliding block is arranged in the chute and can slide along a track in the chute, and the track is arc-shaped; the industrial camera b is fixedly connected with the sliding block; the arrangement of the shifting device ensures that the distance between the industrial camera b and the transparent curved surface roller is the same when the industrial camera b shoots at different angles, so that the consistency of the picture shooting effect at different positions is convenient for the subsequent picture fusion operation.
A detection and analysis method of a multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device is as follows:
(1) Placing the sample to be tested in a plane or curved surface pressurizing device, pressurizing the sample to be tested and recording the pressure value;
(2) Shooting the form of the sample to be detected in the plane pressurizing device by using an industrial camera or shooting the form of the sample to be detected in the curved surface pressurizing device at multiple angles;
(3) Splicing the sample images to be detected on the curved surface shot at multiple angles by adopting an image splicing algorithm, and obtaining a panoramic image of the sample contact form on the curved surface; the image stitching algorithm comprises the following steps:
a) Preprocessing the image;
b) Image registration: extracting and matching characteristic points of acquired images of different visual angles based on a SURF algorithm, and carrying out image registration by utilizing the obtained transformation matrix;
c) Coordinate transformation: converting the matched point sets to the same coordinates according to the matched point sets;
d) Image fusion: copying other images to a specific position of the image acquired at one view angle to perform fusion and splicing of the images.
(4) And analyzing the contact morphology of the plane and the curved surface of the obtained sample to be tested by combining the stress value of the sample to be tested.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the contact form test between the multi-scale fiber product and the carrier by a visual method, and can realize the measurement of various contact forms on the same device. The test system can be used for measuring the curved surface contact form between the multi-scale fiber product and the carrier in the production and weaving process, and also can be used for measuring the plane contact form in the use process, so that a method is provided for effectively researching the surface performance and friction behavior of the multi-scale fiber product, and further the defects of winding, weft yarn shifting and the like in the production process of the multi-scale fiber product are effectively overcome, and the product quality is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly view of a visual testing device for the contact morphology of a fibrous article of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the force application device of the planar contact morphology test system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an assembly view of the force application device of the curved surface contact morphology test system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a curved contact morphology test system fixture of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an assembly view of a light source of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a camera displacement device of the curved contact morphology test system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a curved contact morphology test system of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a basic flow chart of the image stitching algorithm of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a frame; 2. a work table; 3. a pressure sensor; 4. a test board; 5. a clip-shaped pressing plate; 6. a spring; 7. a bolt; 8. a light source a; 9. an industrial camera a; 10. an adjusting device; 11. a slide bar; 12. a transparent curved roller; 13. a light source b; 14. a displacement device; 141. a chute; 142. a slide block; 15. an industrial camera b; 16. a clamp a; 161. l blocks; 162. a bar block; 17. a stud a; 18. an S-shaped force sensor a; 19. a fixing plate; 20. a mounting plate; 21. a force application device; 211. double-rail screw rod; 212. a sliding table; 213. a boss; 22. an S-shaped force sensor b; 23. a stud b; 24. a clamp b; 25. a transparent glass plate; 26. a sample to be tested; 27. a flange; 81. A light strip; 82. and (3) a bracket.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The device can be used for measuring the plane and curved surface contact forms between the multi-scale fiber product and a carrier and analyzing the contact forms between fabrics with different fiber types, different thicknesses and different tissue structures formed by the fiber bundles and the carrier under different load conditions.
As shown in fig. 1, both the planar contact pattern test system and the curved contact pattern test system are mounted on a frame 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the planar contact morphology test system includes a planar pressurizing device, a light source a8, and an industrial camera a9. The plane contact form test system is arranged above the workbench 2 of the frame, wherein the industrial camera a9 and the light source a8 are arranged on the slide bar 11, and the slide bar is fixed on the workbench 2; the industrial camera a9, the light source a8 and the plane pressurizing device are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the light source a8 provides illumination to the sample 26 to be tested held on the planar pressurizing device, and the industrial camera a9 is used for capturing the form of the sample 26 to be tested.
As shown in fig. 2, the planar pressurizing device includes a pressure sensor 3, a flange 27, a test plate 4, a transparent glass plate 25, and a return-shaped pressing plate 5; the clip-shaped pressing plate 5 is arranged on the transparent glass plate 25; a transparent glass plate 25 is placed on the test plate 4; the test board 4 is fixed on the pressure sensor 3; the pressure sensor 3 is fixed on the workbench 2; the workbench 2 is fixed on the frame 1.
Wherein, the clip-shaped pressing plate 5 is connected with the workbench 2 through a bolt 7, and a spring 6 is arranged between the bolt 7 and the clip-shaped pressing plate 5. The square pressing plate 5 is placed on the glass plate 25, the transparent glass plate 25 is placed on the sample 26 to be tested, the sample 26 to be tested is placed on the test plate 4, the test plate 4 is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor 3 through the flange 27, and the pressure sensor is fixedly connected with the workbench 2. During operation, the bolts 7 at the four corners of the square pressing plate 5 are screwed down to press the springs 6, so that pressure is applied to the square pressing plate 5, the pressure applied to the sample 26 to be measured is adjusted, and the pressure is measured by the pressure sensor 3.
As shown in fig. 1, the industrial camera a9 is connected with a slide bar 11 through an adjusting device 10. During operation, the spatial height of the industrial camera a9 is adjusted according to the focal length of the industrial camera a9 so as to ensure that a high-definition picture is obtained.
As shown in fig. 1, the curved surface contact morphology test system includes a curved surface pressurizing device, a light source b13 and an industrial camera b15. The curved surface contact form test system is arranged on the frame.
As shown in fig. 1, the curved surface pressurizing device comprises a transparent curved surface roller 12, a clamp, a mounting plate 19, a force application device 21 and an S-shaped force sensor; a transparent curved roller 12 is mounted on the frame 1, the surface of which is used for carrying the sample. One side of the sample is clamped by a clamp a 16; the clamp a16 is connected with the S-shaped force sensor a18 through a stud a 17; the S-shaped force sensor a18 is fixed to the frame 1 via a mounting plate 19. The other side of the sample is held by another clamp b24, the clamp b24 is connected with another S-shaped force sensor b22 through a stud b23, and the S-shaped force sensor b22 on the side is connected with a force application device 21; the force application device 21 is mounted to the frame 1 by means of a mounting plate 20.
As shown in fig. 3, the force application device 21 includes a double-track screw 211, a slide table 212, and a boss 213. The double-track screw 211 is connected with the mounting plate 20, the sliding table 212 is arranged on the double-track screw 211, the double-track screw 211 and the sliding table can move relatively, the boss 213 is arranged in a matched mode with the sliding table 212, and the boss 213 is connected with the S-shaped force sensor b 22. During operation, the boss 213 is driven to move up and down by the double-track screw 211, so that the initial pre-tension value of the sample to be tested is applied and changed.
As shown in fig. 4, the jig includes an L-block 161 and a bar block 162; in operation, one end of the sample 26 to be measured is placed between the L-block 161 and the bar block 162, and the L-block 161 and the bar block 162 are fastened and connected.
The method of clamping the sample 26 to be measured on the jig is also different depending on the object to be measured, and specifically, the following two cases are classified:
when the contact form between the fiber bundle and the transparent curved surface roller 12 is measured, the fiber bundle needs to be processed and clamped in advance, according to the requirement of the fiber multifilament stretching performance experimental method in GB/T3362-2007, the end part of the fiber bundle is clamped by two thin aluminum plates, then the end part clamped by the aluminum plates is placed between the L block 161 and the strip block 162, and then the L block 161 and the strip block 162 are fastened through bolt connection, so that the fiber bundle to be measured is firmly clamped.
When the contact state between the fabric and the transparent curved surface roller 12 is measured, one end of the sample cloth is directly placed between the L-shaped block 161 and the strip-shaped block 162, the sample cloth to be measured is ensured to cover two right-angle surfaces of the L-shaped plate 161, the strip-shaped block 162 is pressed on the two right-angle surfaces of the L-shaped plate 161, and then the two right-angle surfaces are fastened through bolt connection, so that the fabric sample is firmly clamped.
As shown in fig. 1, a light source b8 is mounted on the frame 1, and the light source b8 is located between the transparent curved roller 12 and the industrial camera b15.
As shown in fig. 5, the light sources each include a lamp strip 81 and a bracket 82. The light source is a square light source, and four lamp strips 81 are respectively arranged on the bracket 82 in four directions. In operation, the irradiation angles of the lamp strips 81 in all directions are adjusted according to the size and the position of the sample 26 to be measured; the illumination intensity of each direction lamp strip 81 is adjusted according to the surface gloss and the ambient brightness of the sample 26 to be detected, so as to ensure that a picture with high contrast and high definition is obtained.
The industrial camera b15 is mounted on the displacement device 14, and the industrial camera b15 can move along a moving track on the displacement device 14; the displacement device 14 is fixed to the frame 1.
As shown in fig. 6, the displacement device 14 includes a chute 141 and a slider 142, where the slider 142 is installed in the chute 141 and can slide along a track in the chute 141, and the track is in a circular arc shape; the industrial camera b15 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 142 and can move in the sliding groove 141 along with the sliding block 142. As shown in fig. 7, in operation, the position of the slide block 142 in the slide groove 141 is adjusted to change the shooting position of the industrial camera b15, and at least three photos with different shooting angles are shot and fused each time the tension is set. The arc-shaped chute 141 effectively ensures that the distance between the industrial camera b15 and the transparent curved surface roller 12 is the same when the industrial camera b15 shoots at different shooting angles, ensures the consistency of the effect of shooting pictures at different positions, and is convenient for subsequent picture fusion operation.
The device can collect the image of the sample to be detected, and then the collected sample image is analyzed and processed by adopting an image stitching algorithm; as shown in fig. 8, the image stitching algorithm performs preprocessing on the images acquired at different angles, mainly performs geometric distortion correction on the acquired images, then performs feature point extraction and matching on the acquired images at different angles based on the SURF algorithm, performs image registration by using the obtained transformation matrix, converts the obtained transformation matrix into the same coordinate according to the matched point set, and finally copies other images to a specific position of the acquired images at one angle for fusion stitching of the images so as to obtain a panoramic image of a sample contact form on a curved surface.
The plane contact morphology test system in the device is adopted to perform plane contact morphology test and analysis on a sample to be tested, and the operation process is as follows:
firstly, a sample to be tested is placed in a plane pressurizing device to pressurize the sample, specifically, the sample to be tested is placed on a test board 4, a transparent glass plate 25 is placed on the sample to be tested, a square-shaped pressing plate 5 is pressed on the glass plate 25, bolts 7 at four corners of the square-shaped pressing plate 5 are screwed to squeeze springs 6, so that pressure is applied to the square-shaped pressing plate 5, the pressure applied to a sample to be tested 26 is regulated, and the pressure applied is measured and recorded through a pressure sensor 3.
Meanwhile, the height of the industrial camera a9 is adjusted through the adjusting device 10, the industrial camera a9 shoots the form of the sample to be detected in the plane pressurizing device, and the form of the sample to be detected at the moment is analyzed.
By the method, the forms of the samples to be tested under different stress states are shot and analyzed, and corresponding experimental data can be obtained.
The curved surface contact morphology testing system in the device is adopted to test and analyze the curved surface contact morphology of the sample to be tested, and the operation process of the detection and analysis method is as follows:
firstly, a sample to be measured is placed in a curved surface pressurizing device to pressurize the sample, specifically, the sample to be measured is placed on the surface above the transparent curved surface roller 12, one end of the sample to be measured is clamped by a clamp a16, the other end of the sample to be measured is clamped by a clamp b24, the force application device 21 is adjusted to apply pressure to the sample to be measured, and the applied pressure is measured through an S-shaped force sensor and recorded.
And simultaneously, the industrial camera b15 on the displacement device 14 is utilized to shoot the form of the sample to be detected in the curved surface pressurizing device at the moment in a multi-angle mode.
And analyzing and processing the acquired image of the sample to be detected by adopting an image stitching algorithm.
By the method, the forms of the samples to be tested under different stress states are shot and analyzed, and corresponding experimental data can be obtained.
By the operation method, the plane and curved surface contact form between the multi-scale fiber product and the carrier can be measured, and the contact form between the fabrics with different fiber types, different thickness fiber bundles and different texture structures formed by the fiber bundles and the carrier can be analyzed under different load conditions.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and several other simple substitutions and modifications made under the circumstances of the inventive concept should be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device, characterized in that: the device comprises a plane contact form test system and a curved surface contact form test system, wherein the plane contact form test system and the curved surface contact form test system are both arranged on a rack, and the test device is used for visually measuring and analyzing the contact forms between fiber bundles with different fiber types and different tissue structures and fabrics and carrier surfaces under different loads; the plane contact morphology test system comprises a plane pressurizing device, a light source a and an industrial camera a; the industrial camera a, the light source a and the plane pressurizing device are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the curved surface contact morphology test system comprises a curved surface pressurizing device, a light source b and an industrial camera b; the industrial camera b is arranged on the displacement device and can move along a moving track on the moving device; the shifting device is fixed on the frame; the curved surface pressurizing device comprises a transparent curved surface roller, a clamp, a force application device and an S-shaped force sensor; the transparent curved surface roller is arranged on the frame, and the surface of the transparent curved surface roller is used for bearing a sample; one side of the sample is clamped by a clamp a; the clamp a is connected with the S-shaped force sensor a; the S-shaped force sensor a is fixed on the frame; the other side of the sample is clamped by another clamp b, the clamp b is connected with another S-shaped force sensor b, and the S-shaped force sensor b on the other side is connected with a force application device; the force application device is arranged on the frame; the light source b is positioned between the transparent curved roller and the industrial camera b; the shifting device comprises a chute and a sliding block, wherein the sliding block is arranged in the chute and can slide along a track in the chute, and the track is arc-shaped; the industrial camera b is fixedly connected with the sliding block.
2. The multi-scale fibrous product contact morphology testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the plane pressurizing device comprises a pressure sensor, a flange, a test plate, a transparent glass plate and a return-shaped pressing plate; the clip-shaped pressing plate is arranged on the transparent glass plate; the transparent glass plate is arranged on the test plate, and a sample to be tested is placed between the transparent glass plate and the test plate; the test board is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor through a flange; the pressure sensor is fixed on the workbench; the workbench is fixed on the frame.
3. A multi-scale fibrous product contact morphology testing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the return-shaped pressing plate is connected with the workbench through a bolt, and a spring is arranged between the bolt and the return-shaped pressing plate; the bolts at the four corners of the return-shaped pressing plate are screwed down to squeeze the springs, so that pressure is applied to the return-shaped pressing plate, the pressure applied to a sample to be measured is adjusted, and the pressure is measured through the pressure sensor.
4. The multi-scale fibrous product contact morphology testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the force application device comprises a double-rail screw rod, a sliding table and a boss; the double-track screw rod is arranged on the frame, the sliding table is arranged on the double-track screw rod, the double-track screw rod and the sliding table can move relatively, the boss is arranged in a matched mode with the sliding table, and the boss is connected with the S-shaped force sensor b.
5. The multi-scale fibrous product contact morphology testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the clamp comprises an L block and a strip block; one end of the sample to be measured is placed between the L block and the strip-shaped block, and the L block is fixedly connected with the strip-shaped block.
6. A method of detecting and analyzing a multi-scale fiber product contact morphology test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:
(1) Placing the sample to be tested in a plane or curved surface pressurizing device, pressurizing the sample to be tested and recording the pressure value;
(2) Shooting the form of the sample to be detected in the plane pressurizing device by using an industrial camera or shooting the form of the sample to be detected in the curved surface pressurizing device at multiple angles;
(3) Splicing the sample images to be detected on the curved surface shot at multiple angles by adopting an image splicing algorithm, and obtaining a panoramic image of the sample contact form on the curved surface; the image stitching algorithm comprises the following steps:
a) Preprocessing the image;
b) Image registration: extracting and matching characteristic points of acquired images of different visual angles based on a SURF algorithm, and carrying out image registration by utilizing the obtained transformation matrix;
c) Coordinate transformation: converting the matched point sets to the same coordinates according to the matched point sets;
d) Image fusion: copying other images to a specific position of the image acquired at one view angle to perform fusion and splicing of the images;
(4) And analyzing the contact morphology of the plane and the curved surface of the obtained sample to be tested by combining the stress value of the sample to be tested.
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