CN111398159A - Multi-scale fiber product contact form testing device and detection and analysis method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-scale fiber product contact form testing device and detection and analysis method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111398159A CN111398159A CN202010165986.3A CN202010165986A CN111398159A CN 111398159 A CN111398159 A CN 111398159A CN 202010165986 A CN202010165986 A CN 202010165986A CN 111398159 A CN111398159 A CN 111398159A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-scale fiber product contact form testing device and a detection and analysis method thereof, wherein the multi-scale fiber product contact form testing device comprises a plane contact form testing system and a curved surface contact form testing system, wherein the plane contact form testing system and the curved surface contact form testing system are both arranged on a rack; the testing device can be used for measuring the contact form of the curved surface between the multi-scale fiber product and the carrier in the production and weaving process and the contact form of the plane in the use process, provides a method for effectively researching the surface performance and the friction behavior of the multi-scale fiber product, further effectively improves the defects of winding, weft yarn displacement and the like in the production process of the multi-scale fiber product, and improves the product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of textile detection equipment, in particular to a multi-scale fiber product contact form testing device and a detection and analysis method thereof.
Background
The composite material has been developed into one of four material systems parallel to a metal material, an inorganic non-metal material and a high polymer material, and has wide application in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, buildings and the like, such as a BMI 3 electric vehicle, wherein the whole vehicle body is made of a carbon fiber composite material; the usage amount of the composite material of Boeing B787 of the dream airplane is more up to 50 percent. Textile composites are composites comprising fibers, yarns or fabrics, the resin in the composite acting to transmit loads during operation of the component, the majority of the load being carried by the fibers, yarns or fabrics in the composite's composition. Therefore, the properties of the fiber and its product such as strength, modulus, elongation at break, etc. and the spatial structure, volume content, etc. of the fiber product in the composite material all affect the properties of the textile composite material. The mechanical properties of the fiber and the product thereof are greatly influenced by the weaving process, the product quality and the use conditions. Throughout the whole process of fiber processing and service, the friction behavior is always consistent, and the friction behavior influences and determines the processing quality and style parameters of the fiber and the fiber product to a great extent. Meanwhile, the fiber product is mostly processed by the fiber yarns with small geometric dimension, and has better flexibility, so that the change rule of the friction performance of the fiber product and the friction performance of a rigid object has larger difference. Research is carried out on the influence factors of the contact form of the multi-scale fiber product and the test method, and the method has great significance for mastering the surface performance and the friction behavior of the fiber and the product thereof, improving the weaving process, improving the product quality of the fiber and the product thereof and ensuring the mechanical property of the textile composite material.
The existing instruments and equipment for researching the surface performance of the fiber product are often limited to limited parameters such as the friction coefficient of the surface, the concave-convex texture and the like; meanwhile, the realization principle of various testing instruments is mostly based on the traditional Amontons law, and the influence of limited factors such as pressure, speed and the like on the friction coefficient and the like can only be qualitatively analyzed. Meanwhile, the fiber material is more special in the aspect of mechanical property, the contact behavior between a multi-scale fiber product formed by fine fibers and a carrier is more complex than that of a rigid body, the thickness of yarn/fiber bundles, the fabric structure, the action condition and the like can influence the contact form of the fiber product, and the friction behavior of the fiber product is changed; the existing various testing instruments cannot accurately measure the data.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide an innovative multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing apparatus and a detection and analysis method thereof to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the existing research equipment and methods.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-scale fiber product contact form testing device and a detection and analysis method thereof, which solve the problems in the prior art, can realize the measurement of the plane and curved surface contact forms between a multi-scale fiber product and a carrier, can realize the analysis of the contact forms between fiber bundles of different fiber types and different thicknesses and fabrics of different tissue structures formed by the fiber bundles and the carrier under different load conditions, provide a new method for the research of the surface performance and the friction behavior of fibers and products thereof, provide a theoretical basis for improving the weaving process, and further improve the quality of the fibers and the products thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a contact form testing device for multi-scale fiber products comprises a plane contact form testing system and a curved surface contact form testing system, wherein the plane contact form testing system and the curved surface contact form testing system are both arranged on a rack, and the testing device is used for visually testing and analyzing the contact forms between fiber bundles and fabrics of different fiber types and different tissue structures and the surface of the carrier under different loads.
Further, the plane contact form testing system comprises a plane pressurizing device, a light source a and an industrial camera a; the industrial camera a, the light source a and the plane pressurizing device are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
Further, the plane pressurizing device comprises a pressure sensor, a flange, a test board, a transparent glass plate and a clip-shaped press plate; the clip-shaped pressing plate is arranged on the transparent glass plate; the transparent glass plate is arranged on the test board, and a sample to be tested is arranged between the transparent glass plate and the test board; the test board is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor through a flange; the pressure sensor is fixed on the workbench; the workbench is fixed on the frame.
Further, the clip-shaped pressing plate is connected with the workbench through a bolt, and a spring is arranged between the bolt and the clip-shaped pressing plate; through screwing up bolt extrusion spring on the shape clamp plate of returning four angles, realize exerting pressure to the shape clamp plate of returning, and then adjust the pressure of exerting on the sample that awaits measuring to survey through pressure sensor.
Further, the curved surface contact form testing system comprises a curved surface pressurizing device, a light source b and an industrial camera b; the industrial camera b is arranged on the shifting device and can move along a moving track on the moving device; the shifting device is fixed on the frame.
Further, the curved surface pressurizing device comprises a transparent curved surface roller, a clamp, a force application device and an S-shaped force sensor; the transparent curved roller is arranged on the frame, and the surface of the transparent curved roller is used for bearing a sample; one side of the sample is clamped by a clamp a; the clamp a is connected with the S-shaped force sensor a; the S-shaped force sensor a is fixed on the frame; the other side of the sample is clamped by another clamp b, the clamp b is connected with another S-shaped force sensor b, and the S-shaped force sensor b on the side is connected with a force application device; the force application device is arranged on the frame; the light source b is located between the transparent curved roll and the industrial camera b.
Further, the force application device comprises a double-track screw rod, a sliding table and a boss; the double-track screw rod is arranged on the rack, the sliding table is arranged on the double-track screw rod and can move relatively, the boss is matched with the sliding table and connected with the S-shaped force sensor b; the vertical position of the sliding table is adjusted, so that the force applied to the sample to be detected is changed.
Furthermore, the clamp comprises L blocks and a strip-shaped block, one end of the sample to be detected is placed between the L block and the strip-shaped block, the L block is fixedly connected with the strip-shaped block, and the L block in the clamp and the strip-shaped block are matched to tightly clamp the sample to be detected, so that the situation that the sample to be detected and the clamp are displaced is avoided, and the error of detection data is avoided.
Furthermore, the shifting device comprises a sliding chute and a sliding block, wherein the sliding block is arranged in the sliding chute and can slide along a track in the sliding chute, and the track is arc-shaped; the industrial camera b is fixedly connected with the sliding block; the arrangement of the shifting device ensures that the distances between the industrial camera b and the transparent curved roller are the same when the industrial camera b is shot at different angles, so that the consistency of picture shooting effects at different positions is ensured, and the subsequent picture fusion operation is facilitated.
A detection and analysis method of a multi-scale fiber product contact form testing device comprises the following steps:
(1) placing a sample to be tested in a plane or curved surface pressurizing device, applying pressure to the sample to be tested and recording the pressure value;
(2) shooting the form of the sample to be measured in the plane pressurizing device or shooting the form of the sample to be measured in the curved surface pressurizing device at multiple angles by using an industrial camera;
(3) splicing the images of the samples to be detected on the curved surface shot at multiple angles by adopting an image splicing algorithm, and obtaining a panoramic image of the contact form of the samples on the curved surface; the image stitching algorithm comprises the following steps:
a) image preprocessing;
b) image registration: extracting and matching characteristic points of the collected images at different visual angles based on an SURF algorithm, and then carrying out image registration by using the obtained transformation matrix;
c) coordinate transformation: converting the matched point set into the same coordinate according to the matched point set;
d) image fusion: and copying other images to a specific position of one view angle acquisition image for fusion splicing of the images.
(4) And analyzing the plane and curved surface contact forms of the obtained sample to be tested by combining the stress numerical values of the sample to be tested.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the test of the contact form between the multi-scale fiber product and the carrier by a visual method, and can realize the measurement of the contact form in various forms on the same device. The test system can measure the contact form of the curved surface between the multi-scale fiber product and the carrier in the production and weaving process and the contact form of the plane in the use process, provides a method for effectively researching the surface performance and the friction behavior of the multi-scale fiber product, further effectively improves the defects of winding, weft yarn displacement and the like in the production process of the multi-scale fiber product, and improves the product quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly drawing of a visual testing device for contact morphology of a fiber product according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the force applying device of the flat contact configuration testing system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an assembly view of the force applying device of the curved surface contact pattern testing system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the curved contact profile test system fixture of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an assembly view of the light source of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a camera shifter of the curved contact profile testing system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a curved contact profile testing system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a basic flow chart of the image stitching algorithm of the present invention.
The device comprises a machine frame 1, a workbench 2, a pressure sensor 3, a pressure sensor 4, a test board 5, a clip-shaped press board 6, a spring 7, a bolt 8, a light source a, a9, an industrial camera a, a 10, an adjusting device 11, a slide bar 12, a transparent curved roller 13, a light source b, a displacement device 14, a 141, a chute 142, a slide block 15, an industrial camera b, a16, a clamp a, a 161, L, a 162, a strip-shaped block 17, a stud a, an 18, an S-shaped force sensor a, a 19, a fixing board 20, a mounting board 21, a force application device 211, a double-track screw rod 212, a sliding table 213, a boss 22, an S-shaped force sensor b, a 23, a stud b, a 24, a clamp b, a 25, a transparent glass board 26, a sample to be tested, a 27, a flange 81, a lamp strip 82 and a bracket.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
A contact form testing device for a multi-scale fiber product comprises a plane contact form testing system and a curved surface contact form testing system, can realize the measurement of the plane and curved surface contact forms between the multi-scale fiber product and a carrier, and can realize the analysis of the contact forms between fiber bundles of different fiber types and different thicknesses and fabrics of different organizational structures formed by the fiber bundles and the carrier under different load conditions.
As shown in fig. 1, both the flat contact pattern test system and the curved contact pattern test system are mounted on a frame 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the flat contact form test system includes a flat pressurizing device, a light source a8, and an industrial camera a 9. The plane contact form testing system is arranged above a worktable 2 of the frame, wherein an industrial camera a9 and a light source a8 are arranged on a sliding rod 11, and the sliding rod is fixed on the worktable 2; the industrial camera a9, the light source a8 and the plane pressurizing device are arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the light source a8 provides light to the sample 26 to be measured clamped on the plane pressing device, and the industrial camera a9 is used for capturing the form of the sample 26 to be measured.
As shown in fig. 2, the planar pressurizing means includes a pressure sensor 3, a flange 27, a test plate 4, a transparent glass plate 25 and a clip 5; the clip 5 is placed on the transparent glass plate 25; a transparent glass plate 25 is placed on the test plate 4; the test board 4 is fixed on the pressure sensor 3; the pressure sensor 3 is fixed on the workbench 2; the worktable 2 is fixed on the frame 1.
Wherein, the clip 5 is connected with the worktable 2 through a bolt 7, and a spring 6 is arranged between the bolt 7 and the clip 5. The clip-shaped pressing plate 5 is placed on the glass plate 25, the transparent glass plate 25 is placed on the sample 26 to be tested, the sample 26 to be tested is placed on the testing plate 4, the testing plate 4 is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor 3 through the flange 27, and the pressure sensor is fixedly connected with the workbench 2. During operation, the spring 6 is extruded through the bolts 7 screwed on the four corners of the clip-shaped pressing plate 5, so that the clip-shaped pressing plate 5 is pressed, the pressure applied to the sample 26 to be measured is adjusted, and the pressure is measured through the pressure sensor 3.
As shown in fig. 1, the industrial camera a9 is connected with the slide bar 11 through the adjusting device 10. In operation, the spatial height of the industrial camera a9 is adjusted according to the focal length of the industrial camera a9 to ensure that a high-definition picture is obtained.
As shown in fig. 1, the curved surface contact morphology testing system includes a curved surface pressurizing device, a light source b13 and an industrial camera b 15. The curved surface contact form testing system is installed on the machine frame.
As shown in fig. 1, the curved surface pressing device includes a transparent curved surface roller 12, a jig, a mounting plate 19, a force application device 21, and an S-shaped force sensor; a transparent curved roller 12 is mounted on the frame 1, the surface of which is used to carry the sample. One side of the sample was held by a clamp a 16; the clamp a16 is connected with the S-shaped force sensor a18 through a stud a 17; the S-shaped force sensor a18 is fixed to the frame 1 by a mounting plate 19. The other side of the sample is clamped by another clamp b24, the clamp b24 is connected with another S-shaped force sensor b22 through a stud bolt b23, and the S-shaped force sensor b22 on the side is connected with the force application device 21; the force applying device 21 is mounted on the frame 1 via a mounting plate 20.
As shown in fig. 3, the force application device 21 includes a double-track screw 211, a slide table 212, and a boss 213. The double-track lead screw 211 is connected with the mounting plate 20, the sliding table 212 is mounted on the double-track lead screw 211 and can move relatively, the boss 213 is mounted with the sliding table 212 in a matched mode, and the boss 213 is connected with the S-shaped force sensor b 22. During operation, the double-track screw 211 drives the boss 213 to move up and down, so as to apply and change the initial pre-tension value to the sample to be tested.
As shown in FIG. 4, the clamp comprises L blocks 161 and bar blocks 162, and during operation, one end of a sample 26 to be tested is placed between L blocks 161 and bar blocks 162, and L blocks 161 and bar blocks 162 are connected firmly.
The method of holding the sample 26 to be measured on the jig is different depending on the measurement object, and is specifically divided into the following two cases:
when the contact form between the fiber bundle and the transparent curved roller 12 is measured, the fiber bundle needs to be processed and clamped in advance, according to the requirements of a fiber multifilament tensile property experimental method in GB/T3362-2007, the end part of the fiber bundle is clamped by two thin aluminum plates, then the clamped end part of the aluminum plates is placed between the L block 161 and the strip block 162, and the two are fastened through bolt connection, so that the fiber bundle to be measured is firmly clamped.
When the contact state between the fabric and the transparent curved roller 12 is measured, one end of the sample cloth is directly placed between the L block 161 and the strip-shaped block 162, so that the sample cloth to be measured covers two right-angle surfaces of the L plate 161, the strip-shaped block 162 is pressed on the two right-angle surfaces of the L plate 161, and then the two are fastened through bolt connection, so that the fabric sample is firmly clamped.
As shown in fig. 1, a light source b8 is mounted on the frame 1, and a light source b8 is located between the transparent curved roller 12 and the industrial camera b 15.
As shown in fig. 5, the light sources each include a light strip 81 and a bracket 82. The light source is a square light source, and the four light strips 81 are respectively installed in four directions on the support 82. During working, the irradiation angles of the lamp strips 81 in all directions are adjusted according to the size and the position of the sample 26 to be detected; the illumination intensity of the lamp strip 81 in each direction is adjusted according to the surface gloss and the environmental brightness of the sample 26 to be measured, so as to ensure that a picture with high contrast and high definition is obtained.
The industrial camera b15 is mounted on the displacement device 14, and the industrial camera b15 can move along a moving track on the displacement device 14; the displacement device 14 is fixed to the frame 1.
As shown in fig. 6, the shifting device 14 includes a sliding slot 141 and a sliding block 142, the sliding block 142 is installed in the sliding slot 141 and can slide along a track in the sliding slot 141, and the track is arc-shaped; the industrial camera b15 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 142 and can move in the sliding groove 141 along with the sliding block 142. As shown in fig. 7, in operation, the position of the sliding block 142 in the sliding groove 141 is adjusted, the shooting position of the industrial camera b15 is changed, at least three pictures of different shooting angles are shot at each set tension, and the pictures are fused. The arc-shaped sliding groove 141 effectively ensures that the distances between the industrial camera b15 and the transparent curved roller 12 are the same when the industrial camera b15 is at different shooting angles, ensures the consistency of picture shooting effects at different positions, and facilitates subsequent picture fusion operation.
The device can acquire the image of the sample to be detected, and then the acquired image of the sample is analyzed and processed by adopting an image splicing algorithm; as shown in fig. 8, the image stitching algorithm first preprocesses images acquired at different angles, mainly corrects the acquired images for geometric distortion, then extracts and matches feature points of the acquired images at different viewing angles based on the SURF algorithm, then performs image registration by using the obtained transformation matrix, converts the images into the same coordinate according to the matched point set, and finally copies several other images to a specific position of the acquired image at one viewing angle for image fusion and stitching, so as to obtain a panoramic image of a sample contact form on a curved surface.
The planar contact form testing system in the device is adopted to carry out planar contact form testing and analysis on a sample to be tested, and the operation process is as follows:
at first place the sample that awaits measuring inside plane pressure device, exert pressure to it, specifically be, place the sample that awaits measuring on survey test panel 4, place transparent glass board 25 in on the sample that awaits measuring, time shape clamp plate 5 presses on glass board 25, screws up and returns bolt 7 extrusion spring 6 on shape clamp plate 5 four angles, realizes exerting pressure to time shape clamp plate 5, and then adjusts the pressure of exerting on the sample 26 that awaits measuring to through the applied pressure of pressure sensor 3 survey and record.
Meanwhile, the height of the industrial camera a9 is adjusted through the adjusting device 10, the industrial camera a9 shoots the form of the sample to be detected in the plane pressurizing device, and the form of the sample to be detected at the moment is analyzed.
By the method, the form of the sample to be tested in different stress states is shot and analyzed, and corresponding experimental data can be obtained.
The curved surface contact form testing system in the device is adopted to test and analyze the curved surface contact form of the sample to be tested, and the operation process of the detection and analysis method is as follows:
firstly, a sample to be measured is placed in the curved surface pressurizing device to pressurize the curved surface pressurizing device, specifically, the sample to be measured is placed on the upper surface of the transparent curved surface roller 12, one end of the sample to be measured is clamped by a clamp a16, the other end of the sample to be measured is clamped by a clamp b24, the force application device 21 is adjusted to apply pressure to the sample to be measured, and the applied pressure is measured and recorded through the S-shaped force sensor.
And simultaneously, the shape of the sample to be measured which is positioned in the curved surface pressurizing device at the moment is shot by using the industrial camera b15 positioned on the displacement device 14 from multiple angles.
And analyzing and processing the collected sample image to be detected by adopting an image splicing algorithm.
By the method, the form of the sample to be tested in different stress states is shot and analyzed, and corresponding experimental data can be obtained.
By the operation method, the plane and curved surface contact form between the multi-scale fiber product and the carrier can be measured, and the contact form between the fiber bundles with different fiber types and different thicknesses and fabrics with different tissue structures formed by the fiber bundles and the carrier can be analyzed under different loading conditions.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and several other simple substitutions and modifications made on the premise of the inventive concept should be considered as falling into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A multiscale fiber product contact morphology testing arrangement which characterized in that: the testing device is used for visually determining and analyzing the contact forms between the fiber bundles and fabrics of different fiber types and different tissue structures and the surface of the carrier under different loads.
2. The multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the plane contact form testing system comprises a plane pressurizing device, a light source a and an industrial camera a; the industrial camera a, the light source a and the plane pressurizing device are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
3. The multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device of claim 2, characterized in that: the plane pressurizing device comprises a pressure sensor, a flange, a test board, a transparent glass plate and a clip-shaped press plate; the clip-shaped pressing plate is arranged on the transparent glass plate; the transparent glass plate is arranged on the test board, and a sample to be tested is arranged between the transparent glass plate and the test board; the test board is fixedly connected with the pressure sensor through a flange; the pressure sensor is fixed on the workbench; the workbench is fixed on the frame.
4. The multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device of claim 3, characterized in that: the clip-shaped pressing plate is connected with the workbench through a bolt, and a spring is arranged between the bolt and the clip-shaped pressing plate; through screwing up bolt extrusion spring on the shape clamp plate of returning four angles, realize exerting pressure to the shape clamp plate of returning, and then adjust the pressure of exerting on the sample that awaits measuring to survey through pressure sensor.
5. The multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device of claim 1, characterized in that: the curved surface contact form testing system comprises a curved surface pressurizing device, a light source b and an industrial camera b; the industrial camera b is arranged on the shifting device and can move along a moving track on the moving device; the shifting device is fixed on the frame.
6. The multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device of claim 5, characterized in that: the curved surface pressurizing device comprises a transparent curved surface roller, a clamp, a force application device and an S-shaped force sensor; the transparent curved roller is arranged on the frame, and the surface of the transparent curved roller is used for bearing a sample; one side of the sample is clamped by a clamp a; the clamp a is connected with the S-shaped force sensor a; the S-shaped force sensor a is fixed on the frame; the other side of the sample is clamped by another clamp b, the clamp b is connected with another S-shaped force sensor b, and the S-shaped force sensor b on the side is connected with a force application device; the force application device is arranged on the frame; the light source b is located between the transparent curved roll and the industrial camera b.
7. The multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device of claim 6, characterized in that: the force application device comprises a double-track screw rod, a sliding table and a boss; the double-track lead screw is installed in the frame, and the slip table is installed on the double-track lead screw, and both can relative movement, boss and slip table cooperation installation, boss and S type force sensor b are connected.
8. The contact morphology testing device for the multi-scale fiber products is characterized in that the clamp comprises L blocks and strip-shaped blocks, one end of a sample to be tested is placed between L blocks and the strip-shaped blocks, and L blocks are fixedly connected with the strip-shaped blocks.
9. The multi-scale fiber product contact morphology testing device of claim 5, characterized in that: the shifting device comprises a sliding chute and a sliding block, the sliding block is arranged in the sliding chute and can slide along a track in the sliding chute, and the track is arc-shaped; and the industrial camera b is fixedly connected with the sliding block.
10. The method for detecting and analyzing the contact morphology testing device of the multi-scale fiber product according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that:
(1) placing a sample to be tested in a plane or curved surface pressurizing device, applying pressure to the sample to be tested and recording the pressure value;
(2) shooting the form of the sample to be measured in the plane pressurizing device or shooting the form of the sample to be measured in the curved surface pressurizing device at multiple angles by using an industrial camera;
(3) splicing the images of the samples to be detected on the curved surface shot at multiple angles by adopting an image splicing algorithm, and obtaining a panoramic image of the contact form of the samples on the curved surface; the image stitching algorithm comprises the following steps:
a) image preprocessing;
b) image registration: extracting and matching characteristic points of the collected images at different visual angles based on an SURF algorithm, and then carrying out image registration by using the obtained transformation matrix;
c) coordinate transformation: converting the matched point set into the same coordinate according to the matched point set;
d) image fusion: copying other images to a specific position of an image acquired from one visual angle to perform image fusion and splicing;
(4) and analyzing the plane and curved surface contact forms of the obtained sample to be tested by combining the stress numerical values of the sample to be tested.
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