CN111397768B - Multi-channel ms-level dynamic pressure and quick response temperature calibration system and method - Google Patents
Multi-channel ms-level dynamic pressure and quick response temperature calibration system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111397768B CN111397768B CN202010208534.9A CN202010208534A CN111397768B CN 111397768 B CN111397768 B CN 111397768B CN 202010208534 A CN202010208534 A CN 202010208534A CN 111397768 B CN111397768 B CN 111397768B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multichannel ms-level dynamic pressure and quick response temperature calibration system and a multichannel ms-level dynamic pressure and quick response temperature calibration method, wherein the multichannel ms-level dynamic pressure and quick response temperature calibration system comprises a central detonation box, a protective container, an ignition cap, gunpowder, a detonation cable and a detonation power supply; the central detonation box is positioned in the protective container, and the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor to be calibrated are arranged in a mounting hole on the outer wall of the protective container, wherein the mounting hole is communicated with the central detonation box through an airflow transmission channel, and the middle section of the airflow transmission channel is provided with a membrane breaking device; the system and the method have the characteristics of good stability of pressure fields and temperature fields, enough steepness of rising front, good test repeatability and capability of calibrating a plurality of pressure sensors and a plurality of temperature sensors simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a pressure and temperature calibration system and a method, and particularly relates to a multichannel ms-level dynamic pressure and fast response temperature calibration system and a method.
Background
In the Liu Pan Master thesis of Nanjing Engineers university in 2018, research on low-pressure burning rate rule and ignition performance of ignition key, black powder and B/KNO were developed3And novel B/BaCrO4The combustion research of the gunpowder 5 at different initial temperatures in the low-pressure environment obtains the pressure and temperature conditions of several kinds of gunpowder 5 under given initial conditions.
The invention patent ZL201810081950.X fast response temperature sensor calibration device and method applied by first automobile company Limited in China in 2018 provides a fast response temperature sensor calibration device, which can finish the calibration of a microsecond response time temperature sensor and realize the transient measurement of the temperature change of high-pressure fuel of a common rail fuel injector.
The invention relates to a dynamic characteristic calibration system and method of a quick response thermocouple based on a small detonation field, which are applied to China university in 2017, and the dynamic characteristic calibration system and method are characterized in that a large amount of gas is instantaneously generated through pyrolysis at a self-reaction position, a diaphragm is broken, and high-temperature and high-pressure detonation gas flow is generated, so that a high-slope temperature pulse signal with a certain width is provided and is used as a quick response thermocouple calibration excitation source, the dynamic characteristic calibration is realized, and the dynamic characteristic calibration of a 10 ms-level quick response thermocouple can be realized.
However, the prior art has the problems that the stability of a pressure field and a temperature field is poor, the steepness of a rising front is insufficient, the test repeatability is poor, and a plurality of pressure sensors and a plurality of temperature sensors cannot be calibrated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a multichannel ms-level dynamic pressure and quick response temperature calibration system and method, and the system and method have the characteristics of good stability of a pressure field and a temperature field, enough steepness of rising front, good test repeatability and capability of calibrating a plurality of pressure sensors and a plurality of temperature sensors at the same time.
In order to achieve the aim, the multi-channel ms-level dynamic pressure and quick response temperature calibration system comprises a central detonation box, a protective container, an ignition cap, gunpowder, a detonation cable and a detonation power supply;
the central detonation box is positioned in the protective container, and the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor to be calibrated are arranged in a mounting hole on the outer wall of the protective container, wherein the mounting hole is communicated with the central detonation box through an airflow transmission channel, and the middle section of the airflow transmission channel is provided with a membrane breaking device;
the ignition cap and the gunpowder are positioned in the central detonation box, one end of the detonation cable is connected with the detonation power supply, and the other end of the detonation cable penetrates through the side wall of the protective container and the side wall of the central detonation box to be connected with the ignition cap.
The device also comprises an initiation switch used for controlling the initiation power supply.
The detonating cable adopts a twisted pair with the diameter of 0.5 mm.
The ignition cap and the gunpowder are positioned at the central position of the central detonation box.
The membrane breaking device comprises two corrugated pipe connecting seats and a membrane arranged between the two corrugated pipe connecting seats.
The diaphragm is a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.1mm or an aluminum sheet with the thickness of 0.3mm and prefabricated with cross-shaped equal-depth scratches.
The lateral wall of the protective container is provided with three pressure sensor mounting holes, three temperature sensor mounting holes, a detonation transfer hole and an experimental back pressure relief valve hole, the pressure sensor is located in the pressure sensor mounting holes, and the temperature sensor is located in the temperature sensor mounting holes.
The temperature sensor and the pressure sensor both adopt an M20x1.4 mounting seat.
The temperature sensors to be calibrated are arranged along the circumferential direction, and the pressure sensors to be calibrated are arranged along the circumferential direction.
The multi-channel ms-level dynamic pressure and quick response temperature calibration method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of connecting a detonation power supply with an ignition cap, instantaneously generating high-pressure high-temperature gas by powder combustion thermal decomposition, crushing a membrane breaking device in an airflow transmission channel by the high-temperature high-pressure gas, transmitting the high-pressure high-temperature gas to a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor to be calibrated, taking a calibrated dynamic pressure sensor and an optical thermometer as reference values, combining a powder combustion high-pressure high-temperature airflow theoretical calculation method, and taking the high-pressure high-temperature gas as an excitation source calibrated by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor to generate a pressure signal and a temperature signal with rising edges, and then dynamically calibrating the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor by utilizing the generated pressure signal and temperature signal with rising edges.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the multi-channel ms-level dynamic pressure and quick response temperature calibration system and the method thereof have the advantages that during specific operation, gunpowder combustion thermal decomposition instantly generates high-pressure high-temperature gas, the high-temperature high-pressure gas breaks the membrane breaking device and then propagates the broken membrane breaking device to the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor 8 to be calibrated, so that the generated pressure field and temperature field have good stability, the rising front steepness degree of signals is enough, in the calibration process, the calibrated dynamic pressure sensor and the optical thermometer are used as reference values, the high-pressure high-temperature airflow theoretical calculation method for gunpowder combustion is combined, the high-pressure high-temperature airflow theoretical calculation method is used as an excitation source for calibrating the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor, so as to generate pressure signals and temperature signals with rising edges, and the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are dynamically calibrated, it needs to be noted that each sensor is arranged on the outer wall of a protective container, the number of the sensors can be integral, the aim of calibrating a plurality of pressure sensors and a plurality of temperature sensors at the same time is fulfilled, and the test repeatability is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the air flow transmission passage 9 and the protective container 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the membrane rupturing device 10;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the inside of the protective container 2;
fig. 5 is a sectional view of the protective container 2;
FIG. 6 is a graph of pressure variation with time for a piezoresistive dynamic pressure sensor in a first calibration experiment;
FIG. 7 is a graph of pressure variation with time for a piezoresistive dynamic pressure sensor during a second calibration experiment;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the temperature of a NanmacE6 type fast response sensor over time in a first calibration experiment;
fig. 9 is a graph of the temperature of the NanmacE6 model fast response sensor over time for a second calibration experiment.
Wherein, 1 is a detonation power supply, 2 is a protective container, 3 is a central detonation box, 4 is an ignition cap, 5 is gunpowder, 6 is a micro detonator, 7 is explosive, 8 is a temperature sensor, 9 is an airflow transmission channel, 10 is a membrane breaking device, 11 is a membrane, 12 is a detonation cable, 13 is a pressure relief channel, 14 is a cover plate, and 15 is a mounting seat.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 5, the multi-channel ms-level dynamic pressure and quick response temperature calibration system of the present invention comprises a central detonation box 3, a protective container 2, an ignition cap 4, gunpowder 5, a detonation cable 12 and a detonation power supply 1; the central detonation box 3 is positioned in the protective container 2, and a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor 8 to be calibrated are arranged in a mounting hole on the outer wall of the protective container 2, wherein the mounting hole is communicated with the central detonation box 3 through an airflow transmission channel 9, and a membrane breaking device 10 is arranged in the middle section of the airflow transmission channel 9; the ignition cap 4 and the gunpowder 5 are positioned in the central detonation box 3, one end of the detonation cable 12 is connected with the detonation power supply 1, and the other end of the detonation cable 12 penetrates through the side wall of the protective container 2 and the side wall of the central detonation box 3 to be connected with the ignition cap 4.
The invention also comprises a detonation switch for controlling the detonation power supply 1; the detonating cable 12 adopts a twisted pair with the diameter of 0.5 mm; the ignition cap 4 and the gunpowder 5 are located at the central position of the central detonation box 3.
The membrane rupturing device 10 comprises two corrugated pipe connecting seats and a membrane 11 arranged between the two corrugated pipe connecting seats; the diaphragm 11 is a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.1mm or an aluminum sheet with the thickness of 0.3mm and prefabricated with cross-shaped equal-depth scratches.
The lateral wall of the protective container 2 is provided with three pressure sensor mounting holes, three temperature sensor mounting holes, a detonation transfer hole and an experimental back pressure relief valve hole, the pressure sensors are located in the pressure sensor mounting holes, the temperature sensors 8 are located in the temperature sensor mounting holes, the temperature sensors 8 and the pressure sensors are all M20x1.4 mounting seats 15, the temperature sensors 8 to be calibrated are arranged along the circumferential direction, and the pressure sensors to be calibrated are arranged along the circumferential direction.
The multi-channel ms-level dynamic pressure and quick response temperature calibration method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of connecting an initiation power supply 1 with an ignition cap 4, generating high-pressure high-temperature gas instantly after the gunpowder 5 burns and thermally decomposes, crushing a membrane breaking device 10 in an airflow transmission channel 9 by the high-temperature high-pressure gas, transmitting the high-pressure high-temperature gas to a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor 8 to be calibrated, using a calibrated dynamic pressure sensor and an optical thermometer as reference values, combining a gunpowder burning high-pressure high-temperature airflow theoretical calculation method, using the reference values as excitation sources calibrated by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor 8 to generate pressure signals and temperature signals with rising edges, dynamically calibrating the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor 8 by using the generated pressure signals and temperature signals with the rising edges, finally, opening a pressure relief valve to exhaust after the experimental gunpowder 5 is completely burnt, and ending the experimental process.
A cover plate 14 is arranged at the top of the protective container 2, and a pressure relief channel 13 is arranged between the protective container 2 and the central detonation box 3. The ignition cap 4 and the gunpowder 5 can be replaced by a miniature detonator 6 and an explosive 7.
Referring to fig. 6 to 9, the present invention adopts multiple channels to calibrate the pressure sensors and the temperature sensors 8 simultaneously, and the number of the pressure sensors and the temperature sensors is adjustable; dynamic characteristic calibration of a 10Mpa internal pressure sensor and a thermocouple type quick response temperature sensor 8 is realized, and the frequency response of pressure and temperature can reach ms level; in addition, in practical operation, the excitation source pressure, the temperature amplitude and the rising edge time can be adjusted by adjusting the material and the thickness of the diaphragm 11 and the equivalent weight of the gunpowder 5.
Finally, it should be noted that the invention can carry out the dynamic calibration of the ms-level frequency response for the pressure sensor and the thermocouple type fast response temperature sensor 8 within the 10MPa measuring range, when the gunpowder 5 equivalent and the diaphragm 11 thickness are certain, the uncertainty of the repeated calibration data is within 5%, and the same signal source calibration can be carried out for a plurality of sensors in a single experiment, thus improving the calibration efficiency and the calibration accuracy, and having the advantages of adjustable pressure and temperature source amplitudes, high dynamic calibration repeatability, controllable high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the gunpowder 5, simultaneous calibration of a plurality of sensors, and the like. Meanwhile, the calibration system has feasible principle, simple structure, simple and convenient design and low single calibration cost, the device is not influenced by the installation model of the sensor thread, and the pressure sensors and the temperature sensors 8 of various models can be dynamically calibrated through the installation and the switching of the sensors, thereby being beneficial to the wide application of the calibration device. In addition, through reasonable design, the method can be applied to sensor calibration processes of manufacturer verification, user quality monitoring, reusability detection and the like, and can also be used for correcting and interpreting pressure and temperature test data.
Claims (2)
1. A multi-channel ms-level dynamic pressure and quick response temperature calibration system is characterized by comprising a central detonation box (3), a protective container (2), an ignition cap (4), gunpowder (5), a detonation cable (12) and a detonation power supply (1);
the central detonation box (3) is positioned in the protective container (2), and a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor (8) to be calibrated are arranged in a mounting hole on the outer wall of the protective container (2), wherein the mounting hole is communicated with the central detonation box (3) through an airflow transmission channel (9), and a membrane breaking device (10) is arranged in the middle section of the airflow transmission channel (9);
the ignition cap (4) and the gunpowder (5) are positioned in the central detonation box (3), one end of the detonation cable (12) is connected with the detonation power supply (1), and the other end of the detonation cable (12) penetrates through the side wall of the protective container (2) and the side wall of the central detonation box (3) to be connected with the ignition cap (4);
the side wall of the protective container (2) is provided with three pressure sensor mounting holes, three temperature sensor mounting holes, a detonation transfer hole and an after-experiment pressure relief valve hole, the pressure sensors are positioned in the pressure sensor mounting holes, and the temperature sensors (8) are positioned in the temperature sensor mounting holes;
the temperature sensors (8) to be calibrated are arranged along the circumferential direction, and the pressure sensors to be calibrated are arranged along the circumferential direction;
the ignition device also comprises an ignition switch used for controlling the ignition power supply (1);
the detonating cable (12) adopts a twisted pair with the diameter of 0.5 mm;
the ignition cap (4) and the gunpowder (5) are positioned at the central position of the central detonation box (3);
the membrane breaking device (10) comprises two corrugated pipe connecting seats and a membrane (11) arranged between the two corrugated pipe connecting seats;
the diaphragm (11) is a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.1mm or an aluminum sheet with the thickness of 0.3mm and prefabricated with cross-shaped equal-depth scratches;
the temperature sensor (8) and the pressure sensor both adopt an M20x1.4 mounting seat (15).
2. A multi-channel ms-level dynamic pressure and fast response temperature calibration method is characterized in that based on the multi-channel ms-level dynamic pressure and fast response temperature calibration system of claim 1, the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of connecting a detonation power supply (1) with an ignition cap (4), instantaneously generating high-pressure high-temperature gas by combustion thermal decomposition of gunpowder (5), crushing a membrane breaking device (10) in an airflow transmission channel (9) by the high-temperature high-pressure gas, transmitting the high-pressure high-temperature gas to a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor (8) to be calibrated, using a calibrated dynamic pressure sensor and an optical thermometer as reference values, combining a gunpowder combustion high-pressure high-temperature airflow theoretical calculation method, using the high-pressure high-temperature gas as an excitation source calibrated by the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor (8) to generate a pressure signal and a temperature signal with rising edges, and dynamically calibrating the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor (8) by using the generated pressure signal and temperature signal with rising edges.
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| CN102323390B (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2015-04-22 | 北京理工大学 | Constant volume premixed combustion testing apparatus |
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| CN107101749B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-06-07 | 中国计量大学 | Fast-response thermocouple dynamic characteristic calibration system and method based on small-sized detonation field |
| RU2672533C1 (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-11-15 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") | Device for measurement of frequency error of thermoelectric converters |
| CN108872310A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-11-23 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of Mixed Gases Explosion limit measuring method and device |
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| CN102879429A (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2013-01-16 | 南京工业大学 | Testing system for gas explosion characteristic size effect |
| CN104374562A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-02-25 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Testing device and testing method |
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