CN111395951A - Heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system - Google Patents
Heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111395951A CN111395951A CN202010380985.0A CN202010380985A CN111395951A CN 111395951 A CN111395951 A CN 111395951A CN 202010380985 A CN202010380985 A CN 202010380985A CN 111395951 A CN111395951 A CN 111395951A
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- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000004429 Calibre Substances 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010024796 Logorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/16—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using gaseous fluids
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system which comprises a base body used for wrapping at least two impact assemblies, wherein each impact assembly comprises an impactor single body arranged in the base body, one end of each impactor single body is detachably connected with a drill bit, a second central hole is formed in each impactor single body, an airflow groove is formed in the lower end part of the base body and communicated with the second central hole, and the airflow groove is also communicated with a slag discharge groove arranged in the base body so as to discharge rock slag from the slag discharge groove. The application provides a heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system is applicable to the heavy-calibre drilling construction of hole diameter more than 500mm ~ 800mm and 1000mm, and it is easy to arrange the sediment, and then makes the drilling take shape well, is difficult to take place the hole bottom and collapses.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling construction, in particular to a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system.
Background
The down-the-hole drill is a construction engineering device for piling holes, is suitable for engineering blast hole drilling operations such as metallurgy, coal, building materials, railways, hydropower construction, national defense construction, earthwork and the like, has the characteristics of high drilling efficiency, wide application range and the like compared with common rock drills, and is a currently universal rock drilling device.
When the rock drilling equipment encounters a hard stratum, particularly a rock stratum, the drilling is difficult by using a drill bit, an impactor is required to be arranged on the drilling machine for impact drilling, the diameter of the impactor is generally smaller than 300mm, the drill bit below can move axially and synchronously rotate along with the impact, impact energy generated inside the impactor is transmitted to the drill bit, the drill bit impacts rocks in a reciprocating mode to break the rocks, broken rock slag is discharged from the outer wall of the drill bit, and then the rock slag is collected by a dust catching device.
Along with the development of industries such as metallurgy, coal, building materials, railways, hydropower construction, national defense construction, earthwork and the like, more demands are met on punching construction with the diameter of 500-800 mm and 1000mm, and therefore, a large-caliber impacter appears on the market, and when a large-caliber hole is drilled, particularly when the drilling depth is gradually increased, rock slag is continuously increased and discharged from the outer wall of the impacter, and when the rock slag cannot be timely discharged, collapse is easily caused at the bottom of the hole, on the other hand, the rock stratum environment is uncertain, a sediment layer and a hard rock stratum can be alternately generated, and the difficulty in slag discharge can be caused, so that the slag discharge of the impacter becomes a technical problem to be urgently solved by technical personnel in the field when large-caliber holes with the diameter of 500-800 mm and 1000mm are drilled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provide a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system which is suitable for large-caliber drilling construction with the hole diameter of 500-800 mm and more than 1000mm, easy in slag discharge, good in drilled hole forming and difficult in hole bottom collapse.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system comprises a base body used for wrapping at least two impact assemblies;
the impactor assembly comprises an impactor single body arranged in the base body, one end of the impactor single body is detachably connected with a drill bit, and a second central hole is formed in the impactor single body;
an airflow groove is arranged at the lower end part of the base body;
the airflow groove is communicated with the second central hole and is also communicated with a slag discharge groove arranged in the base body, so that rock slag is discharged from the slag discharge groove.
Preferably, the air flow channel includes a curved section disposed between adjacent drill bits.
Preferably, the impactor body is fixed to the base body by a first joint,
the base body comprises an upper connecting disc,
a first vent hole is arranged in the axial direction perpendicular to the first joint, one end of the first vent hole is communicated with a first central hole in the first joint, and the other end of the first vent hole is communicated with a second vent hole in the upper flange;
the first center hole is communicated with a second center hole arranged in the impactor single body.
Preferably, the first joint is circumferentially provided with an arc-shaped ring groove, and the arc-shaped ring groove is communicated with the first vent hole.
Preferably, the impactor body comprises a check valve with one end matched with the first central hole,
a gas distribution seat which is abutted against the other end of the check valve,
a piston which is matched with the air distribution seat,
a first air chamber arranged between the piston and the air distribution seat,
a second air chamber arranged at the piston and the end part of the drill bit,
the piston reciprocates up and down through the change of the air pressure in the first air chamber and the second air chamber, and then impacts the drill bit, so that the drill bit impacts the rock stratum.
Preferably, the drill comprises a drill handle, a spiral groove is arranged on the drill handle, and the spiral direction of the spiral groove is the same as the spiral direction of the base body during working.
Preferably, through holes are formed in the piston and the drill bit;
the lower end part of the drill bit is provided with an exhaust groove which is communicated with the through hole;
the airflow groove is respectively communicated with the exhaust groove and the slag discharge groove;
the number of the exhaust grooves is at least two, and the exhaust grooves are distributed spirally;
the rotary direction of the exhaust groove is the same as that of the base body during working.
Preferably, a connecting structure is arranged on the base body;
the connecting structure comprises an upper joint arranged above the base body;
the upper joint comprises a body, one end of the body is fixedly connected with the upper end of the base body;
and a connecting part connected with the other end of the body;
the connecting part and the drill rod are respectively provided with a connecting hole, the outer wall of the connecting part is matched with the inner wall of the drill rod and matched with the connecting holes through a pin shaft, so that the upper joint is detachably connected with the drill rod.
Preferably, a guide rod is arranged close to the lower end of the base body and used for pre-drilling a bottom hole.
Preferably, the impactor body is provided with a clamping structure, and the clamping structure is matched with the clamping hole in the base body.
The invention provides a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system which comprises a base body used for wrapping at least two impact assemblies, wherein each impact assembly comprises an impactor single body arranged in the base body, one end of each impactor single body is detachably connected with a drill bit, a second central hole is formed in each impactor single body, an airflow groove is formed in the lower end part of the base body and communicated with the second central hole, and the airflow groove is also communicated with a slag discharge groove arranged in the base body so as to discharge rock slag from the slag discharge groove.
The application provides a heavy-calibre reverse circulation strikes system and traditional impacter has the difference of work essence, and traditional impacter is to turn into kinetic energy with high-pressure gas, and after percussion bit broke the garrulous rock, again from the inside discharge of impacter, will hit garrulous rock and blow all around to the impacter, is collected the garrulous rock by catching the dirt device again. The large-caliber reverse circulation impact system is characterized in that the end part below the base body is provided with the airflow groove, the airflow groove is communicated with the second central hole, high-pressure gas flows to the airflow groove through the second central hole, the high-pressure gas flows to the slag discharge groove in the base body through the airflow groove, the high-pressure gas is accumulated in the airflow groove after being blown out of the impactor monomer, the side wall of the airflow groove is in arc smooth connection, the discharged high-pressure gas forms cyclone in the airflow groove, the cyclone drives crushed rock to move in the slag discharge groove, and the slag discharge groove is arranged in the base body.
The application provides a heavy-calibre reverse circulation strikes system is applicable to when boring the hole of diameter at 500mm ~ 800mm and 1000mm, and drilling depth progressively increases, and the rock sediment constantly increases, and the rock sediment is arranged the sediment from the inside of heavy-calibre reverse circulation strike system, and the rock sediment can in time be discharged, is difficult to cause in the hole bottom and collapses. When the rock stratum environment is uncertain, a sediment layer and a hard rock stratum may appear alternately, the mobility and viscosity of the sediment layer are high, and the slag discharging difficulty can occur when the impactor in the prior art is adopted. The large-caliber reverse circulation impact system is also suitable for the working condition that the rock stratum environment is uncertain. Therefore, the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system is suitable for large-caliber drilling construction with the drilling diameter of 500-800 mm and more than 1000mm under the condition that the rock stratum environment is uncertain, slag is easy to remove, drilled holes are formed well, and hole bottom collapse is not easy to occur.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system in the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of a large-caliber reverse circulation impact system in the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the single impactor body mounted on the base body in the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper connector in this embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a locking structure in the present embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a single impactor body in the present embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper connecting plate in the present embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the single impactor body in this embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a helical groove on the drill bit according to the present embodiment;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the vent groove on the drill bit in this embodiment.
Reference numbers in the drawings illustrate: 1. a substrate; 2. an impactor assembly; 3. an impactor single body; 4. a drill bit; 5. a first joint; 6. a clamping hole; 7. a boss portion; 8. a first vent hole; 9. a second vent hole; 10. an arc-shaped ring groove; 11. an upper flange; 12. a threaded hole; 13. a gasket; 14. an air flow groove; 15. a slag discharge groove; 16. a screw assembly; 17. a guide bar; 18. an upper joint; 19. a guide surface; 20. a first central aperture; 21. a second central aperture; 31. a check valve; 32. a gas distribution base; 33. a piston; 34. a first air chamber; 35. a second air chamber; 36. an exhaust groove; 41. a drill shank; 42. a helical groove; 181. a body; 182. a connecting portion; 183. connecting holes; 184. and (5) reinforcing ribs.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like, indicate an orientation or positional relationship only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced components or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the present invention provides a large-diameter reverse circulation impact system, which includes a base 1 for wrapping at least two impact assemblies, wherein each impact assembly 2 includes an impact unit 3 disposed inside the base 1, one end of each impact unit 3 is detachably connected to a drill 4, a second central hole 21 is disposed in each impact unit 3, an airflow groove 14 is disposed at the lower end of the base 1, the airflow groove 14 is communicated with the second central hole 21, and the airflow groove 14 is further communicated with a slag discharge groove 15 disposed inside the base 1, so as to discharge rock slag from the slag discharge groove 15.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the present application is substantially different from a conventional impactor in that high-pressure gas is converted into kinetic energy, the impact drill 4 breaks rock and discharges the broken rock from the interior of the impactor, the broken rock is blown to the periphery of the impactor, and the broken rock is collected by a dust catcher. In the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application, the airflow groove 14 is arranged at the lower end part of the base body 1, the airflow groove 14 is communicated with the second central hole 21, then the high-pressure gas flows to the airflow groove 14 through the second central hole 21, the high-pressure gas flows to the slag discharge groove 15 in the matrix 1 through the airflow groove 14, after the high-pressure gas is blown out from the impactor body 3, the air current groove 14 is internally accumulated, the side wall of the air current groove 14 is in arc-shaped smooth connection, the discharged high-pressure air forms cyclone in the air current groove 14, the cyclone drives the crushed rock to move towards the slag discharge groove 15, the slag discharge groove 15 is arranged in the base body 1, therefore, the whole slag is discharged from the inside of the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system, the slag discharging mode is called as reverse circulation, different from the normal circulation deslagging working mechanism of the traditional impactor, the normal circulation working mode of the traditional impactor is that rock slag is discharged from the outside of the impactor.
The application provides a heavy-calibre reverse circulation strikes system is applicable to when boring the hole of diameter at 500mm ~ 800mm and 1000mm, and drilling depth progressively increases, and the rock sediment constantly increases, and the rock sediment is arranged the sediment from the inside of heavy-calibre reverse circulation strike system, and the rock sediment can in time be discharged, is difficult to cause in the hole bottom and collapses. When the rock stratum environment is uncertain, a sediment layer and a hard rock stratum may appear alternately, the mobility and viscosity of the sediment layer are high, and the slag discharging difficulty can occur when the impactor in the prior art is adopted. The large-caliber reverse circulation impact system is also suitable for the working condition that the rock stratum environment is uncertain. Therefore, the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system is suitable for large-caliber drilling construction with the drilling diameter of 500-800 mm and more than 1000mm under the condition that the rock stratum environment is uncertain, slag is easy to remove, drilled holes are formed well, and hole bottom collapse is not easy to occur.
On the other hand, the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system provided by the application has higher drilling efficiency than a single equal-diameter integral impactor. In particular because the drilling efficiency of the impactor is dependent on the amount of work of attack produced, whereas the amount of work of impact is related to the weight of the piston 33 and the end-of-impact velocity. Under the same conditions, the binding type impactor is faster than the integral type impactor.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, the air flow groove 14 includes a curved section, and the curved section is disposed between adjacent drill bits 4. The curved sections are arranged between the adjacent drill bits 4, preferably, the curved sections are circular arc sections, when the high-pressure gas is discharged from the second center hole 21 and flows into the airflow groove 14, the circular arc sections are arranged at positions close to the drill bits 4 to do impact work, the high-pressure gas does circular motion at the circular arc sections, and the acting force direction and the speed direction of the high-pressure gas on the circular arc sections are changed continuously, so that a cyclone is formed. Set up the circular arc section between adjacent drill bit 4, not only more easily form the cyclone, on the other hand, the rock sediment receives centrifugal force effect when the circular arc section of rock sediment in air current groove 14 for the rock sediment has certain speed, and when the cyclone drives the rock sediment and moves to slag discharging groove 15, the rock sediment has speed, makes the rock sediment more fast to slag discharging groove 15 removal, consequently, the heavy-calibre reverse cycle impact system that this application provided, slag discharging efficiency is high.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the impactor body 3 is fixed on the base body 1 through the first joint 5, the base body 1 includes an upper receiving plate 11, a first vent hole 8 is arranged in an axial direction perpendicular to the first joint 5, one end of the first vent hole 8 is communicated with a first central hole 20 on the first joint 5, the other end of the first vent hole 8 is communicated with a second vent hole 9 inside the upper receiving plate 11, and the first central hole 20 is communicated with a second central hole 21 inside the impactor body 3.
When high-pressure gas is input into the central hole of the upper connecting disc 11, the second vent hole 9 is perpendicular to the central hole of the upper connecting disc 11, the high-pressure gas flows to the second vent hole 9 from the central hole of the upper connecting disc 11, then enters the first vent hole 8, then enters the first central hole 20 on the first connector 5, and finally enters the second central hole 21 inside the impactor single body 3 from the first central hole 20, so that through the airflow distribution structure, the high-pressure gas is divided through the second vent hole 9 and distributed to each impactor single body 3, the high-pressure gas entering the impactor single body 3 is converted into kinetic energy to impact the drill bit 4, and the purpose of breaking rocks is achieved.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, an arc-shaped ring groove 10 is formed on the first joint 5 in the circumferential direction, and the arc-shaped ring groove 10 is communicated with the first vent hole 8. When high-pressure gas reaches the impactor body 3 through each first vent hole 8, the gas flow circulates in the arc-shaped annular groove 10, preferably, a plurality of first vent holes 8 are arranged, so that the gas flow enters each first vent hole 8 after flowing in the arc-shaped annular groove 10, compared with the design that only one first vent hole 8 is arranged, the flow speed of the high-pressure gas to the central hole of the impactor body 3 is improved, meanwhile, because the high-pressure gas has certain pressure and is high in flow speed, when only one first vent hole 8 is arranged, the high-pressure gas cannot rapidly enter the impactor body 3 to be converted into kinetic energy and accumulates near the first joint 5, the pressure load borne by the first joint 5 is increased, the first joint 5 is easy to deform, therefore, the speed of the high-pressure gas reaching the impactor body 3 is increased by arranging a plurality of first vent holes 8, the first joint 5 can be prevented from being deformed due to stress, and the service life of the first joint 5 is prolonged.
Wherein, the impacter monomer 3 includes, one end and the 20 complex check valve 31 of first centre bore, the gas distribution seat 32 that leans on with the check valve 31 other end, with gas distribution seat 32 matched with piston 33, locate the first air chamber 34 between piston 33 and the gas distribution seat 32, locate the second air chamber 35 of piston 33 and 4 tip of drill bit, change through the atmospheric pressure in first air chamber 34 and the second air chamber 35, in order to realize piston 33 up-and-down reciprocating motion, and then strike drill bit 4 makes drill bit 4 strikes the stratum.
How the high-pressure gas enters the impact system monomer to impact the rock stratum is specifically, at the beginning, the check valve 31 is matched with the first central hole 20 of the first joint 5, the high-pressure gas of the drilling machine is distributed to flow to each first joint 5 through the upper joint 18 and the upper connecting disc 11 and then flows to the first central hole 20, the high-pressure gas acts on the check valve 31 to apply pressure to the check valve 31, the check valve 31 moves downwards, so that the check valve 31 is not matched with the first central hole 20, because one end of the check valve 31 is abutted against the gas distribution seat 32, when the high-pressure gas reaches the second gas chamber 35, the gas pressure in the second gas chamber 35 is greater than the gas pressure in the first gas chamber 34, the piston 33 is pushed to move upwards, when the piston 33 moves to the gas distribution seat 32 and is matched, the gas pressure in the first gas chamber 34 is increased, at the moment, the gas pressure in the first gas chamber 34 is greater than the gas pressure in the second gas chamber 35, the gas pressure in the first, the end of the piston 33 applies an impact force to the end of the drill bit 4 and the drill bit 4 performs an impact motion downward.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 9 to 10, the drill 4 includes a drill shank 41, a spiral groove 42 is formed on the drill shank 41, and the spiral direction of the spiral groove 42 is the same as the spiral direction of the base 1 during operation.
When the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system works, the drill bit 4 moves up and down in a reciprocating mode to impact a rock stratum, the position of a drill handle 41 of the drill bit 4 generates heat due to friction in the movement process, high-pressure gas enters the spiral groove 42, the groove is spiral, the high-pressure gas is conveyed along the central line of the spiral groove 42, the spiral groove 42 is wound on the cylindrical surface of the drill handle 41, the heat can be dissipated to the circumferential direction of the drill handle 41, an included angle is formed between the high-pressure gas and the central line of the drill handle 41, different positions of the drill handle 41 in the circumferential direction and different height positions can be dissipated, a straight groove in the prior art can only dissipate heat of the same bus position of the drill handle 41, and therefore the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system is better in.
On the other hand, when heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system during operation, produce frictional force between the rock sediment of cutting and the drill bit 4, can make drill bit 4 can produce the rotation of miniscope, spline groove among the prior art is the straight flute, in case drill bit 4 appears when the rotation of miniscope, other parts on the impacter stop to the production of spline groove, high-pressure gas can not take away the heat of contact position and discharge, heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system is close to drill bit 4 position and can last overheated, and then reduce drill bit 4's life, the helicla flute 42 of the heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system that this application provided revolves to the same with the precession of base member 1 during operation, make spiral flute 42 follow drill bit 4 all the time and rotate, and do not influenced by turned angle, make the circulation of high-pressure gas in helicla flute 42 smooth and easy all the time. Therefore, the heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system that this application provided can effectively solve overheated problem in the use of the drill shank 41 of drill bit 4, improves the life of drill bit 4.
The number of the spiral grooves 42 is at least two, the contact area between the high-pressure gas and the drill shank 41 is increased by increasing the number of the spiral grooves 42, the high-pressure gas can be exhausted along the spiral grooves 42 at the same time, heat is taken away as much as possible, and the heat dissipation effect of the drill shank 41 is improved.
Wherein, the piston 33 and the drill bit 4 are provided with through holes, the lower end of the drill bit 4 is provided with an exhaust groove 36, the exhaust groove 36 is communicated with the through holes, the airflow groove 14 is respectively communicated with the exhaust groove 36 and the slag discharge groove 15, the number of the exhaust grooves 36 is at least two, the exhaust grooves are distributed in a spiral shape, and the rotation direction of the exhaust groove 36 is the same as the rotation direction of the base body 1 during working.
Because the crushed rock slag is accumulated near the drill bit 4 when the impact device works, if the crushed rock slag is not removed in time along with the continuous work of the impact device, the crushed rock slag can continuously rub the surface of the drill bit 4, and further the drill bit 4 is overheated, on one hand, the high-pressure gas can be cooled and radiated at the drill handle 41 through the arrangement of the spiral groove 42; on the other hand, in order to accelerate the removal speed of the crushed rock slag and avoid the crushed rock slag from accumulating near the drill bit 4, the high-pressure gas enters from the first central hole 20, the check valve 31 is flushed, enters the air passage on the air distribution seat 32, flows into the first air chamber 34, then enters the piston 33 and the through hole in the drill bit 4, and finally enters the exhaust groove 36, because the exhaust groove 36 is arranged at the lower end part of the drill bit 4, the space between the lower end part of the drill bit 4 and the bottom of the rock stratum is limited, the high-pressure gas has certain pressure and speed, and further the high-pressure gas forms a cyclone between the lower end part of the drill bit 4 and the bottom of the rock stratum, the cyclone enables the crushed rock slag to be discharged to the periphery of the drill bit 4, the.
The number of the exhaust grooves 36 is at least two, and the exhaust grooves are spirally distributed. The number of the air discharge grooves 36 is increased in order to increase the air passage near the drill 4. The utility model provides an impulsive unit is heavy-calibre impact device, power unit is with power transmission to base member 1, base member 1 rotates, it follows base member 1 synchronous rotation to drive inside a plurality of impacter monomers 3 and the drill bit 4 of binding the setting, and simultaneously, drill bit 4 itself is because with the rock sediment extrusion friction, the rotation of minizone also can appear, in order to make the slag removal speed of 4 tip under the drill bit faster, it is the heliciform distribution to set up a plurality of air discharge ducts 36, high-pressure gas gets into air discharge duct 36 and receives centrifugal force, make the cyclone that high-pressure gas formed still have centrifugal force, this centrifugal force makes slag removal speed faster.
In addition to the above embodiments, the rotation direction of the exhaust groove 36 is set to be the same as the rotation direction of the substrate 1 during operation, so that the moment generated by the centrifugal force does not hinder the rotation of the substrate 1, and the slag discharge speed is ensured.
It should be noted that, in the technical solution, the problem of heat generation of the drill 4 is mainly solved from the following aspects, firstly, by providing the spiral groove 42, the cooling air passage and the generatrix of the drill shank 41 form an acute angle to form a spiral angle, so that the cooling air passage can be wound around the whole drill shank 41, and meanwhile, a plurality of cooling air passages are provided, the rotation directions of the plurality of cooling air passages are the same when the rotary base body 1 works, and the influence of the high-pressure gas on the flow of the cooling air passage due to the small-range friction of the drill 4 when the impact device works is avoided; secondly, the crushed rock slag accumulated near the drill bit 4 is reduced, the slag can be smoothly discharged through the arrangement of the interior of the impactor and the arrangement of the exhaust grooves 36 at the lower end part of the drill bit 4, and then the number, the distribution mode and the rotation direction of the exhaust grooves 36 are improved, so that the slag discharging speed is improved.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, a connection structure is arranged on the base body 1, the connection structure comprises an upper joint 18 arranged above the base body 1, the upper joint 18 comprises a body 181 with one end fixedly connected with the upper end of the base body 1 and a connection part 182 connected with the other end of the body 181, connection holes 183 are arranged on the connection part 182 and the drill rod, the outer wall of the connection part 182 is matched with the inner wall of the drill rod, and is matched with the connection holes 183 through a pin shaft, so that the upper joint 18 is detachably connected with the drill rod.
In the drilling process of the prior art, the drill rod is connected with the impactor, the impactor is connected with the drill bit 4, the drill bit 4 beats and shears the crushed rock, and meanwhile, the reaction force of the rock is transferred to the drill rod. Usually, the upper end of the impactor is provided with a joint, an external thread is arranged on the joint, an internal thread is arranged on the inner diameter of the drill rod, and the external thread is matched with the internal thread, so that the drill rod is in threaded connection with the impactor. When the drill rod vibrates under the reaction force generated by the drilling rock stratum, the thread engagement between the drill rod and the impactor is tighter, and once the impactor needs to be detached from the drill rod, the impactor needs to be detached by means of an auxiliary tool. Meanwhile, when the impact device is installed, the inner thread and the outer thread need to be aligned and then installed in a rotating fit mode, the impact device is large in size, heavy in weight and particularly difficult to align, and therefore the impact device is also difficult to install.
This application passes through body 181 and base member 1 upper end fixed connection, with a round pin axle pass connecting portion 182 and the connecting hole 183 on the drilling rod, simultaneously, the outer wall and the drilling rod inner wall cooperation of connecting portion 182, the round pin axle cooperates with connecting hole 183, and then just makes the top connection 18 and the drilling rod of impact system can dismantle and be connected. When the impact system needs to be detached from the drill rod, the pin shaft only needs to be knocked out of the connecting hole 183, and the pin shaft does not restrict the degree of freedom of the impact system and the drill rod any more; when the device needs to be installed, the connecting holes 183 in the impact system and the connecting holes 183 in the drill rod are aligned, and the pin shaft is inserted into the device, so that the pin shaft can restrain the impact system and the drill rod in the degree of freedom. The degree of freedom constraints include relative rotation between the impact system and the drill rod, movement between the impact system and the drill rod in-plane and vertical directions. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the large-caliber reverse circulation impact system is easy to install and disassemble.
The cross section of the connecting part 182 is polygonal, the number of the sides of the connecting part is at least more than even number, two pin shafts and two connecting holes 183 are arranged, and the two connecting holes 183 are respectively positioned on the side surfaces of the connecting part 182 which are symmetrical to each other. When the cross-sections of the connection part 182 and the inner wall of the drill rod are triangular, the connection part 182 and the connection hole 183 of the drill rod are difficult to align when being installed, and thus, the operation is inconvenient. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the connecting portion 182 is polygonal, and the number of the sides is at least an even number greater than the number of the sides, for example, when the cross section of the connecting portion 182 is quadrangular, two pin shafts and two connecting holes 183 are provided, and the axes of the connecting holes 183 are respectively provided on two arbitrary opposite side surfaces on the quadrangle, so that while the constraint on the degree of freedom of the impactor and the drill rod is satisfied, the structure of the connecting position can be symmetrical, and the stress load of the connecting position of the impactor and the drill rod is balanced, so that the impactor tends to be dynamically balanced during operation.
In a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the connecting portion 182 is hexagonal, and the pins are respectively disposed on two side surfaces of the connecting portion 182 with the shortest distance. Different from the embodiment that the cross section of the connecting part 182 is quadrangular, the cross section of the connecting part 182 is hexagonal, so that when the freedom degree constraint of the impactor and the drill rod is met, the material on the upper joint 18 can be removed as little as possible, the structural strength of the connecting position between the impactor and the drill rod is high, and the deformation of the connecting position is reduced when the impactor works.
The outer wall of the body 181 is provided with a reinforcing rib 184, the bottom of the reinforcing rib 184 is connected with the upper end of the base body 1, and the side part of the reinforcing rib 184 is connected with the outer wall of the body 181. The setting of strengthening rib 184 can improve the intensity of body 181 and base member 1 hookup location, avoids the impacter to rotate the in-process, and body 181 and base member 1 hookup location department take place the fracture.
Preferably, the number of the reinforcing ribs 184 is at least two, and the reinforcing ribs are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the body 181. The four reinforcing ribs 184 can be arranged, so that the reinforcing ribs 184 are symmetrical in structure, stress at the connecting position of the impactor and the drill rod can be balanced, and the impactor tends to be balanced in motion during working.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a guide rod 17 is disposed near the lower end of the base 1, and the guide rod 17 is used for pre-drilling a bottom hole.
Because the guide bar 17 lower extreme is located 4 tip belows of drill bit, when drilling construction, guide bar 17 earlier with the stratum contact, like this when drilling, form the bottom hole, and then the high-pressure gas on the rig passes through top connection 18 and transmits to impacter monomer 3, the high-pressure gas in the impacter monomer 3, make drill bit 4 strike the stratum, the rig makes percussion device rotatory, and then drive base member 1 and the inside impacter monomer 3 of base member 1 and drill bit 4 rotatory simultaneously, make the rock receive impact force and rotatory cutting force, reach the broken purpose of rock, accomplish heavy-calibre drilling construction work. The guide rod 17 drills out the bottom hole in the rock stratum in advance, so that the whole impact system cannot cause the drilled hole center to deviate due to excessive instantaneous load or excessive local stress, when in construction, the whole impact device always uses the bottom hole drilled by the guide rod 17 as the center to continuously drill, so that the drilled hole center cannot deviate, the verticality is good, and the drilling construction standard is reached. Once the skew takes place for drilling, strike the system and take place the friction with the hole lateral wall, continue to bore again, the rig just need export bigger kinetic energy, the energy consumption increase of drilling construction, consequently, the heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system that this application provided can also avoid the big problem of drilling construction energy consumption.
The guide bar 17 comprises a guide surface 19, the guide surface 19 making an angle of less than 90 ° with the horizontal. When the drill bit is hard during drilling, the guide rod 17 is subjected to instantaneous impact load, the guide rod 17 is subjected to impact force, and the guide rod 17 is deviated within a small range, and in order to reduce the resistance of the guide rod 17 to drilling into the rock formation, the guide surface 19 is designed to form an included angle of less than 90 degrees with the horizontal plane, preferably, the included angle is more than 20 degrees and less than 75 degrees. Under the same drilling force, the contact surface of the guide rod 17 and the rock stratum is reduced, the pressure borne by the rock stratum is increased, so that the guide rod 17 can drill the bottom hole more easily, and on the other hand, the guide surface 19 plays a guiding role to accelerate the discharge speed of rock slag drilled in the bottom hole, so that the rock slag is not easy to gather at the bottom of the guide rod 17.
Be equipped with the wearing layer on the terminal surface of guide bar 17 and the spigot surface 19, when boring into harder stratum, the terminal surface and the spigot surface 19 of guide bar 17 can be worn and torn to the detritus sediment, seriously, the extrusion takes place for the detritus sediment and guide bar 17, make to produce recess and bellying 7 on the guide bar 17, this bellying 7 can cause the bottom hole aperture to be big partially, perhaps unsatisfactory, consequently, be equipped with the wearing layer on the terminal surface of guide bar 17 and spigot surface 19, can make the bottom hole aperture of boring unanimous, and the life of guide bar 17 has been improved, reduce percussion device's maintenance cost.
The end of the guide rod 17 is provided with drill teeth, and the end of the guide rod 17 is provided with drill teeth, so that the instantaneous rotary cutting force of the impact device entering a rock stratum can be improved, and the stress of the guide rod 17 is reduced.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, a clamping structure is disposed on the impactor body 3, and the clamping structure is matched with the clamping hole 6 in the base 1. Set up the joint structure on impacter monomer 3 to and be equipped with joint hole 6 in base member 1 inside, make and cooperate near the joint hole 6 in 3 lower extremes of impacter monomer and the base member 1, through the above-mentioned design, impacter monomer 3 and base member 1's rigidity, make impacter monomer 3 and drill bit 4 when the construction, impacter monomer 3 is difficult to drop from percussion device, has avoided impact system's damage, ensures the reliability and the security of drilling construction.
The clamping structure comprises a protruding portion 7 arranged on the impactor body 3, and the protruding portion 7 is clamped with the clamping hole 6. When the impact device is at the during operation, when 4 drill bits of 3 lower extremes of impacter monomer strike the stratum, the stratum produces reverse impact force to drill bit 4 and impacter monomer 3, bellying 7 cooperatees with joint hole 6, the upper end and the 6 top surface contact in joint hole of bellying 7, the shifting up of impacter monomer 3 has been restricted to 6 top surfaces in joint hole, reduced the impact force of impacter monomer 3 to first joint 5, reduced the atress wearing and tearing of first joint 5, improve the life of first joint 5.
The protruding portion 7 is a polygon, and the polygon may be a triangle, a quadrangle, a penta-deformation, a hexagon, etc., and the polygon may all play a role in limiting the impactor body 3, which is not specifically limited herein.
As shown in fig. 3 to 6, the base 1 includes an upper flange 11, and the first connector 5 is engaged with the upper flange 11, and the first connector 5 is fixed to the upper flange 11 by a screw assembly 16. Through last flange 11, adopt screw subassembly 16 to make impacter monomer 3 fix on last flange 11, and simultaneously, with the high-pressure gas generating device who strikes the headtotail, input high-pressure gas to last flange 11, the rethread is followed flange 11 and is distributed to each impacter monomer 3, high-pressure gas makes drill bit 4 of impacter monomer 3 lower extreme strike the rock, meanwhile, impact system is connected to external power component, make impact system rotatory, and then it is rotatory simultaneously to drive impacter monomer 3 and drill bit 4 of base member 1 and base member 1 inside, make the rock receive impact force and rotatory cutting force, reach the broken purpose of rock, accomplish major possession hole drilling construction work.
As shown in fig. 6, a threaded hole 12 is formed in the first joint 5, and the screw assembly 16 includes a bolt that is engaged with the threaded hole 12 and a washer 13 that allows the bolt to pass through, and the washer 13 abuts against the upper end surface of the adapter 11. The bolt is screwed into the threaded hole 12 so that the first joint 5, the striker unit 3, and the drill bit 4 are fixed to the upper flange 11, in order to prevent the bolt from loosening and facilitate the removal of the first joint 5, the striker unit 3, and the drill bit 4 from the upper flange 11.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A large caliber reverse circulation impact system comprising a substrate for encasing at least two impact assemblies;
the impactor assembly comprises an impactor single body arranged in the base body, one end of the impactor single body is detachably connected with a drill bit, and a second central hole is formed in the impactor single body;
an airflow groove is arranged at the lower end part of the base body;
the airflow groove is communicated with the second central hole and is also communicated with a slag discharge groove arranged in the base body, so that rock slag is discharged from the slag discharge groove.
2. The large caliber reverse circulation impingement system of claim 1, wherein the airflow slot comprises a curved segment disposed between adjacent ones of the drill bits.
3. The large caliber reverse circulation impact system of claim 1, wherein the impactor cells are secured to the base body by a first joint,
the base body comprises an upper connecting disc,
a first vent hole is arranged in the axial direction perpendicular to the first joint, one end of the first vent hole is communicated with a first central hole in the first joint, and the other end of the first vent hole is communicated with a second vent hole in the upper flange;
the first center hole is communicated with a second center hole arranged in the impactor single body.
4. The large-caliber reverse-circulation impact system according to claim 3, wherein the first joint is circumferentially provided with an arc-shaped ring groove, and the arc-shaped ring groove is communicated with the first vent hole.
5. The large caliber reverse circulation impact system of claim 4, wherein the impactor body includes a check valve having one end engaged with the first central bore,
a gas distribution seat which is abutted against the other end of the check valve,
a piston which is matched with the air distribution seat,
a first air chamber arranged between the piston and the air distribution seat,
a second air chamber arranged at the piston and the end part of the drill bit,
the piston reciprocates up and down through the change of the air pressure in the first air chamber and the second air chamber, and then impacts the drill bit, so that the drill bit impacts the rock stratum.
6. The large-caliber reverse circulation percussion system according to claim 5, wherein the drill bit comprises a drill shank, and a spiral groove is formed in the drill shank, and the spiral groove has the same rotation direction as the rotation direction of the base body during operation.
7. The large caliber reverse circulation percussion system according to claim 6, wherein the piston and the drill bit each have a through hole therein;
the lower end part of the drill bit is provided with an exhaust groove which is communicated with the through hole;
the airflow groove is respectively communicated with the exhaust groove and the slag discharge groove;
the number of the exhaust grooves is at least two, and the exhaust grooves are distributed spirally;
the rotary direction of the exhaust groove is the same as that of the base body during working.
8. The large caliber reverse circulation impingement system of claim 7,
the base body is provided with a connecting structure;
the connecting structure comprises an upper joint arranged above the base body;
the upper joint comprises a body, one end of the body is fixedly connected with the upper end of the base body;
and a connecting part connected with the other end of the body;
the connecting part and the drill rod are respectively provided with a connecting hole, the outer wall of the connecting part is matched with the inner wall of the drill rod and matched with the connecting holes through a pin shaft, so that the upper joint is detachably connected with the drill rod.
9. The large caliber reverse circulation impact system of claim 8, wherein a guide rod is provided near the lower end of the base for pre-drilling a bottom hole.
10. The large-caliber reverse circulation impact system according to claim 9, wherein the impactor body is provided with a clamping structure, and the clamping structure is matched with a clamping hole in the base body.
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| CN202010380985.0A CN111395951B (en) | 2020-05-08 | 2020-05-08 | Heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system |
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| CN202010380985.0A CN111395951B (en) | 2020-05-08 | 2020-05-08 | Heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system |
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| CN111395951B CN111395951B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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| CN114016897A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-02-08 | 长沙黑金刚实业有限公司 | Reverse circulation impactor and system |
| CN114086892A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-02-25 | 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 | Drill bit structure of gas-lift reverse circulation drilling machine |
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| CN212225095U (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-12-25 | 长沙黑金刚实业有限公司 | Heavy-calibre reverse circulation impact system |
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| CN103244051A (en) * | 2013-05-11 | 2013-08-14 | 重庆卓典建设工程有限公司 | Combined down-hole hammer drilling tool and pile forming construction method thereof |
| CN207278183U (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-04-27 | 长沙超金刚机械制造有限公司 | High wind pressure reverse circulation impactor |
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| CN114086892A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-02-25 | 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 | Drill bit structure of gas-lift reverse circulation drilling machine |
| CN114086892B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2024-05-28 | 深圳市工勘岩土集团有限公司 | Drill bit structure of gas lift reverse circulation drilling machine |
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| CN114016897B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2024-05-10 | 长沙黑金刚实业有限公司 | Reverse circulation impactor and system |
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| CN111395951B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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