CN111395573A - Construction method of assembled outer leaf wall of sandwich wall of block building - Google Patents
Construction method of assembled outer leaf wall of sandwich wall of block building Download PDFInfo
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- CN111395573A CN111395573A CN202010245326.6A CN202010245326A CN111395573A CN 111395573 A CN111395573 A CN 111395573A CN 202010245326 A CN202010245326 A CN 202010245326A CN 111395573 A CN111395573 A CN 111395573A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
- E04B1/4178—Masonry wall ties
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
- E04B2/64—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0297—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements of which the width is less than the wall thickness
Abstract
The invention provides a construction method of an assembled outer leaf wall of a sandwich wall of a block building, which comprises the steps of embedding a supporting member for hanging the outer leaf wall at the lower part of a main wall structure and embedding an anchoring member of a drawknot device at the upper part of the main wall structure; arranging a bottom supporting embedded part and a prestressed tendon anchoring embedded part on a bottom joist of the outer leaf wall; building an outer leaf wall on the bottom joist, curing, penetrating prestressed tendons, and applying vertical prestress by screwing bolts at the end parts of the prestressed tendons; hoisting the outer leaf wall by using the arranged prestressed tendons; after the outer leaf wall is hoisted in place, the verticality of the outer leaf wall is adjusted, after the requirements are met, the bottom supporting embedded part of the outer leaf wall is fixedly hung with the main structure supporting part of the main structure, and the positioning hook of the drawknot device is inserted into the clamping groove of the anchoring part to complete the fixation of the outer leaf wall. According to the invention, through an industrialized construction technology and an assembled construction technology, the outer leaf wall is prefabricated in a factory and is transported to a construction site for installation, so that the quality is improved, the efficiency is improved, the labor consumption is reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the environment-friendly level is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction technology of a structural wall, in particular to a construction method of an assembled outer leaf wall of a sandwich wall of a block building, and belongs to the technical field of building construction.
Background
In the building energy consumption, the energy consumption of the building envelope mainly comprising the outer wall of the building accounts for more than 65 percent of the energy consumption of the envelope. The sandwich wall system is characterized in that a heat insulation material is placed between the inner leaf wall and the outer leaf wall to form a sandwich wall heat insulation composite wall body, so that the durability of the wall body is improved while the fire prevention problem is solved. As a composite energy-saving wall body, the sandwich wall plays a vital role in the process of implementing building energy conservation. However, the early sandwich wall mostly uses the dowel bar tie pieces, the construction process is complicated, and the quality of the sandwich wall is difficult to ensure, as shown in fig. 1.
The prefabricated structure of the building is built by adopting factory prefabricated components and splicing on site, is an effective way for developing building industrialization, has the advantages of quick construction, labor saving, construction land saving, less on-site wet operation, high construction quality, less construction waste and noise of the building and the like, and also has more outstanding energy-saving and emission-reducing effects.
If well combine together sandwich wall structure and assemblization and exert both advantages to the at utmost, will improve current production methods and construction environment greatly, have important meaning:
(1) the existing sandwich wall masonry construction method has a plurality of limiting factors, if the prefabricated outer leaf wall can be assembled to form the sandwich wall, the complicated process can be simplified, and meanwhile, the construction efficiency and the quality can be improved;
(2) the big trend confluence that can further promote reinforcement building block masonry structure and building industrialization after the sandwich wall realizes the assembly, has changed current brickwork building current situation in the true sense, and the mode of production also can change thereupon.
The analysis shows that the sandwich wall technology meets the national requirements on energy conservation, has unique advantages on energy conservation, and has the advantages of durability, fire resistance, impact resistance and the like, but the application and popularization of the technology are still troubled by the following problems at present.
(1) The sandwich wall structure requires distributed tie bars, which affects the energy-saving effect. The sandwich wall consists of an outer leaf wall, an insulating layer and an inner leaf wall, wherein the outer leaf wall plays a role in protection and is generally thinned, and if the outer leaf wall of a block building adopts building blocks with the thickness of 90mm, the height-thickness ratio of the wall body is larger, so that the safety and the stability of the wall body are influenced. The traditional method for constructing the outer leaf wall is to pull the outer leaf wall by arranging distributed tie bars buried in the inner leaf wall, namely the outer leaf wall is attached to the inner leaf wall through the tie bars. Fig. 2 shows the case of setting tie bars, which are arranged in quincunx on the vertical surface, and require 4-5 tie bars per square meter on average. The tie bars are made of steel materials and are cold bridges in the wall body, so that the energy-saving effect of the wall body is reduced.
(2) The appearance requirement of the outer leaf wall is high, high-grade constructors are needed, and the construction difficulty is high. Generally, building blocks are adopted as exterior decoration surfaces, plastering is not needed, so that the requirement on appearance is high, and mature technicians are rare at present and are a reality.
(3) The construction condition of the external leaf wall is poor, the on-site masonry construction speed is low, and the efficiency is low. The construction of the outer leaf wall can be carried out after the main structure is finished, the vertical transportation and the operation surface are limited, and the construction speed is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a construction method of an assembled outer leaf wall of a sandwich wall of a block building, aiming at the problems in the background art. According to the invention, a self-stabilizing system of the outer leaf wall body is established through a prestress technology, and the tensile stress generated by the cross section during installation and use is resisted by the cross section compressive stress established by the prestress, so that the outer leaf wall is free from dependence on distributed tie bars; through the industrialized construction technology and the assembled construction technology, the outer leaf wall is prefabricated in a factory and is transported to a construction site for installation, so that the quality is improved, the efficiency is improved, the labor consumption is reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the environmental protection level is improved.
The invention provides a construction method of an assembled outer leaf wall of a sandwich wall of a block building, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) when a main body wall structure hung by the outer leaf wall is constructed, a supporting piece for supporting the outer leaf wall is embedded at the lower part of the main body wall structure, and an anchoring piece of the drawknot device is embedded at the upper part of the main body wall structure;
(2) the bottom supporting embedded part and the prestressed rib anchoring embedded part of the outer leaf wall are arranged on a bottom joist of the outer leaf wall, and the bottom supporting embedded part is used for being matched, leaned and connected with a supporting part of the embedded supporting outer leaf wall at the lower part of the main body wall structure;
(3) building an outer leaf wall above the bottom joist;
(4) maintaining to ensure that the outer leaf wall reaches the preset strength;
(5) arranging an anchor backing plate in a building block at the top of the outer leaf wall, placing a positioning hook on the anchor backing plate, enabling a first through hole on the positioning hook to coincide with a second through hole on the anchor backing plate, enabling the prestressed tendon to penetrate through the first through hole and the second through hole, then penetrating through a vertical through hole of the building block of the outer leaf wall, and penetrating through a third through hole on a bottom prestressed tendon anchoring embedded part of the bottom joist, then anchoring the prestressed tendon on the embedded part by using a bolt, and then applying vertical prestress by screwing up the bolt at the end part of the prestressed tendon;
(6) hoisting the outer leaf wall by using the arranged prestressed tendons;
(7) when the outer leaf wall is hoisted in place, the supporting point of the outer leaf wall falls down according to the position, then the verticality of the outer leaf wall is adjusted, after the requirement is met, the bottom supporting embedded part at the bottom of the outer leaf wall is hung and fixed with the supporting part of the main body structure supporting the outer leaf wall, and the positioning hook of the drawknot device is inserted into the clamping groove of the anchoring piece to complete the fixing of the outer leaf wall.
Preferably, in the step (1), the bottom joist is a reinforced concrete joist, and an embedded part of a supporting device arranged in the bottom joist is a supporting embedded part.
Preferably, in the step (1), the base joist is a profile steel-building block combined base joist, an embedded part of a supporting device arranged in the base joist is a pendant, and the pendant is welded on the base joist.
Preferably, the bottom of the profile steel-building block combined bottom joist is used as a support, so that the profile steel is prevented from generating large deformation when a combined effect is not formed in the construction process.
Preferably, in the step (5), the hoisting method is to arrange a screw thread on the prestressed tendon 8, arrange a steel chain on the screw thread to connect with the balance beam 15, and hoist the balance beam 15 by using the hook 16.
Preferably, in the step (6), the method for adjusting the perpendicularity of the outer leaf wall comprises the following steps:
preferably, the perpendicularity of the outer leaf wall 1 is set by taking the inner surface of a wall sheet as a reference when the outer leaf wall 1 is manufactured, the perpendicular line is led out to the side face of the wall sheet by taking the inner surface of the wall sheet as the reference, two reference points with the upper part and the lower part being 2m apart are selected and marked, the outer leaf wall is marked as the basis by the reference points on the side face when the outer leaf wall is installed, and the perpendicularity.
Preferably, the anchoring part comprises an anchoring plate, a plurality of anchoring columns and a clamping groove, the anchoring columns are vertically arranged on the anchoring plate, the anchoring columns are embedded into the wall body of the main structure in a pre-embedding manner, and the clamping groove is arranged on one side, deviating from the wall body of the main structure, of the anchoring plate and is matched with the positioning hook.
Preferably, the drawknot device includes location couple and anchor backing plate, the location couple divide into three faces, is horizontal plane, anchor face and reinforcing bar face respectively, reinforcing bar face and anchor face are perpendicular respectively with the both sides of horizontal plane, anchor face and anchor assembly's draw-in groove cooperation, the reinforcing bar face is L's mirror symmetry shape, be provided with first through-hole on the horizontal part of reinforcing bar face, the anchor backing plate is "nearly" font, and its concave surface is provided with the second through-hole, and when using, first through-hole and the coincidence of second through-hole are used for the prestressing tendons to pass.
The construction method of the assembled outer leaf wall of the block building sandwich wall has the beneficial effects that:
1. the construction method of the assembled outer leaf wall of the block building sandwich wall realizes the assembly construction of the outer leaf wall, improves the assembly rate of the building, and responds to the national technical orientation to the prefabrication assembly construction.
2. The invention relates to a construction method of an assembled outer leaf wall of a block building sandwich wall, which provides a manufacturing scheme of a component with a bottom joist being a reinforced concrete beam and a section steel-building block combined joist, and provides a building solution for different building outer vertical surfaces under the condition of realizing the performance of the component.
3. The invention relates to a construction method of an assembled outer leaf wall of a block building sandwich wall, and provides a method for applying prestress, which comprises the materials and the forms of prestressed tendons, a structure required by prestress setting, a means for quantitatively applying the prestress and a construction method.
4. The construction method of the assembled outer leaf wall of the sandwich wall of the block building realizes that all the supporting and connecting structures are hidden in the wall, and the appearance effect of the building is not influenced.
5. The invention provides a perpendicularity detection method of split block built wall sheets, and provides a basis for quality acceptance.
6. The construction method of the assembled outer leaf wall of the block building sandwich wall, provided by the invention, improves the stress performance of the wall sheet by prestress, meets the requirement of resisting horizontal load effect, and lays a foundation for realizing the non-distributed reinforcement tie of the block wall sheet. The distributed tie bars are an important component generated by the cold bridge, and the energy-saving effect of the building outer wall can be greatly improved by avoiding the tie bars.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sandwich wall of the prior art as referred to in the background art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection of inner and outer leaf walls of a sandwich wall by tie bars according to the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fabricated exterior leaf wall calculation according to the present invention, in which 3(a) shows a simplified fabricated exterior leaf wall calculation diagram, 3(b) shows a bending moment diagram of the fabricated exterior leaf wall, and 3(c) shows a shear diagram of the fabricated exterior leaf wall;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the sectional stress of the outer blade wall according to the present invention, wherein 4(a) shows a schematic view of compressive stress under wind load, 4(b) shows a schematic view of compressive stress under self-weight, 4(c) shows a schematic view of compressive stress, 4(d) shows a schematic view of total stress in section,
FIG. 5 is a front view of a prefabricated outer leaf wall based on a prestressing technique according to a reinforced concrete joist scheme of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the bottom joist of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a front view of a prefabricated outer leaf wall based on a prestress technology according to the section steel-block combined joist scheme of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a drawknot device of an outer leaf wall according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the tendon anchor embedded part according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the bottom support insert of the outer leaf wall of the reinforced concrete joist solution according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a main structure supporting an insert;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of the hanging member of the outer leaf wall of the section steel-block joist solution according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the outer leaf wall of the present invention being hoisted;
reference numerals: 1-outer leaf wall; 2-bottom joist; 3-anchoring the embedded part by the prestressed tendons; 4-bottom support embedment; 5-stirrup; 6-longitudinal ribs of the bottom joist; 7-reinforcing steel bar mesh; 8-prestressed tendons; 9-an anchor member; 10-positioning a hook; 11-anchor backing plate; 12-a first via; 13-a second via; 14-a third via; 15-a balance beam; 16-a hook; 17-hanging parts; 18-support member for supporting the outer leaf wall.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the appended drawings:
the first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is explained with reference to fig. 1 to 13. The construction method of the assembled outer leaf wall of the block building sandwich wall in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) when the main body wall structure hung by the outer leaf wall is constructed, a supporting piece for supporting the outer leaf wall is pre-embedded at the lower part of the main body wall structure, an anchoring piece 9 of a pulling device is pre-embedded at the upper part,
(2) the bottom joist 2 of the outer leaf wall 1 is provided with a bottom supporting embedded part and a prestressed tendon anchoring embedded part 3 of the outer leaf wall, and the bottom supporting embedded part is used for being matched, leaned and connected with a supporting part of the embedded supporting outer leaf wall at the lower part of the main body wall structure;
(3) building an outer leaf wall 1 above the bottom joist 2;
(4) maintaining the outer leaf wall 1 to reach the preset strength;
(5) arranging an anchor backing plate 11 in a building block at the top of the outer leaf wall 1, placing a positioning hook 10 on the anchor backing plate 11, enabling a first through hole 12 on the positioning hook 10 to coincide with a second through hole 13 on the anchor backing plate 11, enabling a prestressed tendon 8 to penetrate through the first through hole 12 and the second through hole 13, then penetrating through a vertical through hole of the building block of the outer leaf wall 1, penetrating through a third through hole 14 on a prestressed tendon anchoring embedded part 3 at the bottom of a bottom joist 2, then anchoring the prestressed tendon 8 on the embedded part 3 by using a bolt, and then applying vertical prestress by screwing up the bolt at the end part of the prestressed tendon 8;
(6) hoisting the outer leaf wall 1 by using the arranged prestressed tendons 8;
(7) when the outer leaf wall 1 is hoisted in place, the supporting point of the outer leaf wall 1 is dropped according to the position, then the verticality of the outer leaf wall 1 is adjusted, after the requirement is met, the bottom supporting embedded part at the bottom of the outer leaf wall 1 is hung and fixed with the supporting part of the main body structure for supporting the outer leaf wall, and the positioning hook 10 of the drawknot device is inserted into the clamping groove of the anchoring piece 9 to complete the fixation of the outer leaf wall 1.
The method for adjusting the verticality of the splitting block decorative outer leaf wall comprises the following steps: when the wall piece is manufactured, the perpendicularity of the wall piece is set by taking the inner surface (flat surface) of the wall piece as a reference; taking the vertical line as a reference, leading the vertical line out to the side surface of the wall piece (two reference points with the distance of 2m between the upper part and the lower part), and marking; and (5) marking the reference point of the side surface as a basis during installation, and measuring the verticality. (note: one side of the cleavage block is a rugged cleavage surface, and the other side is a flat mold surface released from the mold)
In the step (1), the bottom joist 2 is a reinforced concrete joist, and the embedded part of the supporting device arranged in the bottom joist 2 is a supporting embedded part 4.
In the step (1), the base joist 2 is a profile steel-building block combined base joist, the embedded part of the supporting device arranged in the base joist 2 is a pendant 14, and the pendant 14 is welded on the base joist 2.
The bottom of the profile steel-building block combined bottom joist is supported, so that the profile steel is prevented from generating large deformation when a combined effect is not formed in the construction process.
In the step (5), the hoisting method is to arrange screw threads on the prestressed tendons 8, arrange steel chains on the screw threads to be connected with the balance beam 15, and hoist the balance beam 15 by using the lifting hook 16.
In the step (6), the perpendicularity adjusting method of the outer leaf wall 1 comprises the following steps:
the perpendicularity of the outer leaf wall 1 is set by taking the inner surface of a wall piece as a reference when the outer leaf wall 1 is manufactured, the vertical line is led out to the side face of the wall piece by taking the inner surface of the wall piece as the reference, two reference points with the distance of 2m between the upper portion and the lower portion are selected and marked, the outer leaf wall 1 is marked as a basis by taking the reference points of the side face when the outer leaf wall 1 is installed, and.
Principle and method for prestress self-stabilization of first and outer leaf walls
1. Principle of force
The outer leaf wall is connected to the main structure through 4-point support, and under the action of horizontal load, the outer leaf wall is equivalent to a four-point support plate. For convenience of explanation, the method is simplified into two-side simple plate analysis; and under the action of vertical load, the structure is equivalent to an axial compression component. The calculation diagram is shown in fig. 3.
After the wall top is prestressed, the stress condition of the outer leaf wall is shown in fig. 4, wherein the wind load (or earthquake action) will generate linearly distributed stress on the cross section, and the self weight and the prestress both generate uniformly distributed stress and are compressive stress. The stress and the stress under the action of horizontal load are superposed, so that the compressive stress and the tensile stress of the section are increased and reduced. Because the masonry has the characteristics of high compressive strength and low tensile strength, after prestress is applied, the wall body obtains better stress performance, namely the intervention of the prestress, and the wind resistance of the wall body is enhanced.
2. Prestressed external leaf wall technology
The tensile strength of the masonry is low, and the stress generated by wind load can be offset by vertical additional stress. The outer leaf wall 1 has a relatively small self weight and generates a relatively small compressive stress, so that the capability of resisting wind load is insufficient. The application of prestress can achieve the purpose, and the key of the problem is how to apply prestress, and the specific construction and process are critical to success and failure.
(1) Technical requirements for outer leaf wall
Firstly, the outer leaf wall has a decorative function, so that the appearance of the stressed member is limited by the building function; secondly, the prestress application needs an anchoring device and can conveniently stretch the steel bar; third, the body structure requires corresponding support and tie means (construction); fourthly, the wall body after being prestressed should meet the stress requirement.
Fig. 5 shows the method of making a prestressed external wall with a bottom joist as a reinforced concrete precast beam, wherein the bottom supporting embedded part 4 and the prestressed tendon anchoring embedded part 3 are both arranged on the bottom joist 2 and do not protrude out of the wall surface; the prestress application is realized by screwing the bolt at the end part of the steel bar by a spanner, and the prestress application is safe and reliable by connecting the steel piece with the main body; the magnitude of the applied prestressing (the spacing of the tendons) is determined by the effect of the wind load.
When the concrete bottom joist is adopted, the decorative lines made of materials such as GRC and the like are required to meet the requirement of building attractiveness, if the bottom joist is required to be completely hidden, an angle steel member is required to be used as the bottom joist 2, and limbs of the angle steel can be hidden in mortar joints, so that the effect of not influencing the building vertical face is achieved, as shown in fig. 7.
3. Drawknot device
The bottom of the leaf wall 1 is provided with a supporting structure, and the top is provided with a drawknot device. The bottom of the main structure is supported by a steel beam or a concrete bottom joist 2, and the top drawknot is realized by connecting a drawknot device of a prefabricated outer leaf wall and a prestressed tendon anchoring device hook 10 with a main structure embedded part 9. Fig. 8 shows a way of making a tie device, where the tendon 8 is tensioned by a bolt, which is arranged at the end of the tendon 8, and in order to hide the bolt, the device needs to be embedded into the hole of the block and leave a space for tensioning and anchoring. Fig. 9 shows the tendon anchor 3 at the bottom of the joist, which is arranged in the bottom joist 2 and is hidden properly.
The anchoring part 9 comprises an anchoring plate, a plurality of anchoring columns and a clamping groove, the anchoring columns are vertically arranged on the anchoring plate, the anchoring parts are embedded into the wall body of the main structure in advance, and the clamping groove is arranged on one side of the wall body of the main structure of the anchoring plate and matched with the positioning hook 10.
The drawknot device includes location couple 10 and anchor backing plate 11, location couple 10 divide into three faces, is horizontal plane, anchor face and reinforcing bar face respectively, reinforcing bar face and anchor face are perpendicular respectively with the both sides of horizontal plane, anchor face and anchor assembly 9's draw-in groove cooperation, the reinforcing bar face is L's mirror symmetry shape, be provided with first through-hole 12 on the horizontal part of reinforcing bar face, anchor backing plate 11 is "nearly" font, and its concave surface is provided with second through-hole 13, and when using, the coincidence of first through-hole 12 and second through-hole 13 is used for prestressing tendons 8 to pass.
The device is clamped on the top surface of the building block according to the size of a vertical hole of the building block, and a limiting anchor backing plate 11 is arranged on the inner surface (a building block flat surface) of a wall sheet of the building block so as to fix the position of the wall sheet.
The flap face of anchor pad 11 is notched to provide the space required to locate hook 10 to reduce the impact on bolt space.
The positioning hook 10 is arranged in the block wall and is overlapped with the concave anchor backing plate 11, so that the additional space is not occupied.
The anchoring 9 of the hook 10 on the body is positioned to allow a certain displacement of the hook in the horizontal direction along the wall surface, but to limit its displacement in the out-of-plane direction. The anchoring element 9 of the sheath 1 is required to be reliable and to allow a certain displacement of the positioning hook 10, but to limit its displacement in the out-of-plane direction, so that the anchoring element 9 is wider than the positioning hook 10 so that the hook is movable.
The anchoring member 9 is in a split form, and allows the position of the wall sheet on the plane to be set according to the position of the hook after adjustment.
Fig. 10 and 11 show the supporting scheme of the concrete bottom joist on the main structure, wherein the supporting piece 18 for supporting the outer leaf wall is pre-embedded in the main structure, and the bottom supporting embedded piece 4 is pre-embedded in the bottom joist 2. When in use, the bottom supporting embedded part 4 of the bottom joist 2 is hung on the hook of the supporting part 18 for supporting the outer leaf wall. A stop formation is required to ensure that the bottom of the panel does not displace relative to the main structure.
The supporting method of the section steel-block combined joist is similar to that of a concrete bottom joist, but the section steel is generally small in size and needs to be properly adjusted, as shown in figure 12, the leftmost side is provided with an outer leaf wall 1 and a bottom joist 2, the rightmost side is provided with a main body structure, and a hanging piece 17 is welded with the bottom joist 2 and then is fixedly connected with a supporting piece for supporting the outer leaf wall.
The above-mentioned embodiments further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and that the reasonable combination of the features described in the above-mentioned embodiments can be made, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of an assembled outer leaf wall of a block building sandwich wall is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) when the main body wall structure hung by the outer leaf wall is constructed, a supporting piece for supporting the outer leaf wall is pre-buried at the lower part of the main body wall structure, an anchoring piece (9) of a pulling device is pre-buried at the upper part,
(2) the bottom joist (2) of the outer leaf wall (1) is provided with a bottom supporting embedded part and a prestressed tendon anchoring embedded part (3) of the outer leaf wall;
(3) building an outer leaf wall (1) above the bottom joist (2);
(4) maintaining the outer leaf wall (1) to reach a preset strength;
(5) the prestressed rib anchoring embedded part is characterized in that prestressed ribs (8) penetrate through, an anchor backing plate (11) is arranged in a building block at the top of an outer leaf wall (1), a positioning hook (10) is placed on the anchor backing plate (11), a first through hole (12) in the positioning hook (10) is overlapped with a second through hole (13) in the anchor backing plate (11), the prestressed ribs (8) penetrate through the first through hole (12) and the second through hole (13), then penetrate through vertical through holes of the building block of the outer leaf wall (1) and penetrate through a third through hole (14) in a prestressed rib anchoring embedded part (3) at the bottom of a bottom joist (2), then the prestressed ribs (8) are anchored on the prestressed rib anchoring embedded part (3) through bolts, and then vertical prestress is exerted by screwing bolts at the end parts of the prestressed ribs (8);
(6) hoisting the outer leaf wall (1) by using the arranged prestressed tendons (8);
(7) when the outer leaf wall is hoisted in place, the supporting point of the outer leaf wall (1) is dropped according to the position, then the verticality of the outer leaf wall (1) is adjusted, after the requirement is met, the bottom supporting embedded part of the outer leaf wall (1) is hung and fixed with the main structure supporting part of the main structure, and the positioning hook (10) of the drawknot device is inserted into the clamping groove of the anchoring part (9) to complete the fixation of the outer leaf wall (1).
2. The method for constructing the fabricated outer leaf wall of the block building sandwich wall according to the claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the bottom joists (2) are reinforced concrete joists, and the embedded parts of the supporting devices arranged in the bottom joists (2) are bottom supporting embedded parts (4).
3. The construction method of the assembled outer leaf wall of the block building sandwich wall according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the step (1), the bottom joists (2) are profile steel-block combined bottom joists, the embedded parts of the supporting devices arranged in the bottom joists (2) are hanging parts (17), and the hanging parts (17) are welded on the bottom joists (2).
4. The method for constructing the fabricated outer leaf wall of the sandwich wall of the block building as claimed in claim 3, wherein the bottom of the sectional steel-block combined bottom joist is used as a support to avoid the section steel from generating large deformation when the combined effect is not formed in the construction process.
5. The construction method of the fabricated outer leaf wall of the block building sandwich wall according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the step (5), the hoisting method is to arrange screw threads on the prestressed tendons (8), arrange steel chains on the screw threads to connect with the balance beam (15), and use the lifting hook (16) to lift the balance beam (15) during hoisting.
6. The construction method of the assembled outer leaf wall of the block building sandwich wall according to the claim 1, wherein in the step (6), the perpendicularity adjusting method of the outer leaf wall (1) comprises the following steps:
when the outer leaf wall (1) is manufactured, the perpendicularity of the outer leaf wall (1) is set by taking the inner surface of a wall sheet as a reference, a vertical line is led out to the side face of the wall sheet by taking the perpendicularity as the reference, two reference points with the distance of 2m between the upper part and the lower part are selected and marked, the outer leaf wall (1) is marked as a basis by taking the reference points on the side face during installation, and the perpendicularity is measured.
7. The method for constructing the fabricated outer leaf wall of the block building sandwich wall according to claim 1, wherein the anchor (9) comprises an anchor plate, a plurality of anchor columns and a clamping groove, the anchor columns are vertically arranged on the anchor plate, the clamping groove is arranged on one side of the anchor plate, which faces away from the main structure wall, and is matched with the positioning hook (10).
8. The construction method of the assembled outer leaf wall of the block building sandwich wall according to claim 7, wherein the tying device comprises a positioning hook (10) and an anchor backing plate (11), the positioning hook (10) is divided into three surfaces, namely a horizontal surface, an anchoring surface and a reinforcing steel bar surface, the reinforcing steel bar surface and the anchoring surface are respectively vertical to two sides of the horizontal surface, the anchoring surface is matched with a clamping groove of the anchoring part (9), the reinforcing steel bar surface is L in a mirror symmetry shape, the horizontal portion of the reinforcing steel bar surface is provided with a first through hole (12), the anchor backing plate (11) is in an inverted 'n' shape, the concave surface of the anchor backing plate is provided with a second through hole (13), and when the anchor backing plate is used, the first through hole (12) and the second through hole (13) are superposed for the prestressed reinforcement (8) to pass through.
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