CN111394648B - Preparation method of heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient - Google Patents

Preparation method of heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient Download PDF

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CN111394648B
CN111394648B CN202010351373.9A CN202010351373A CN111394648B CN 111394648 B CN111394648 B CN 111394648B CN 202010351373 A CN202010351373 A CN 202010351373A CN 111394648 B CN111394648 B CN 111394648B
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wedge
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duty truck
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CN111394648A (en
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鲍玉龙
刘琦
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Qiqihaer Jingzhuliang Casting Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
    • C22C33/10—Making cast-iron alloys including procedures for adding magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract

A high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge and a preparation method thereof relate to a heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge and a preparation method thereof. The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing nodular cast iron is difficult to obtain high strength, high hardness, high toughness and plasticity and does not have high wear resistance. The heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 3.30% -3.70%, Mn: 0.25% -0.50%, Si: 2.40% -2.90%, Mg: 0.030 to 0.060%, Mo: 0.20-0.30%, Cu: 0.5% -1.0%, S: less than or equal to 0.014%, P: less than or equal to 0.050 percent and the balance of Fe. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, smelting molten iron; secondly, spheroidizing and inoculating; and thirdly, preparing a tempered martensite wedge. The invention can obtain the heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient.

Description

Preparation method of heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The nodular cast iron is a novel material which has an increasingly wide application range and is continuously concerned and deeply researched at home and abroad in recent years. The high-toughness wear-resistant steel has excellent mechanical properties such as high toughness, tensile strength, fracture toughness and fatigue strength, and is superior to the wear resistance, shock absorption and noise reduction properties of steel. Under the environment of intense market economic competition, high-performance and low-cost materials are the targets pursued by people, and nodular cast iron is one of the materials. In recent years, in the field of railway freight cars, nodular cast iron is used for replacing parts such as forged steel or cast steel, the weight can be reduced by 10-30%, the relative cost can be reduced by 15-30%, the noise can be reduced from the source, the exhaust emission can be reduced, and the drive ratio can be improved.
However, it is difficult to obtain high strength, high hardness, and high toughness and plasticity simultaneously with ordinary nodular cast iron. It is not satisfactory for applications where high strength, high toughness and high wear resistance are desired.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the conventional nodular cast iron is difficult to obtain high strength, high hardness, high toughness and high plasticity at the same time and does not have high wear resistance, and provides a heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with a high dynamic friction coefficient and a preparation method thereof.
The chemical components of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge are as follows according to the element mass fraction: 3.30% -3.70%, Mn: 0.25% -0.50%, Si: 2.40% -2.90%, Mg: 0.030 to 0.060%, Mo: 0.20-0.30%, Cu: 0.5% -1.0%, S: less than or equal to 0.014%, P: less than or equal to 0.050 percent and the balance of Fe.
Further, the chemical components of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge are as follows according to the element mass fraction: 3.40%, Mn: 0.26%, Si: 2.40%, Mg: 0.052%, Mo: 0.25%, Cu: 0.78%, S: 0.014%, P: 0.032% and the balance Fe.
Further, the chemical components of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge are as follows according to the element mass fraction: 3.45%, Mn: 0.27%, Si: 2.48%, Mg: 0.048%, Mo: 0.22%, Cu: 0.70%, S: 0.012%, P: 0.031% and the balance Fe.
Further, the chemical components of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge are as follows according to the element mass fraction: 3.55%, Mn: 0.27%, Si: 2.56%, Mg: 0.045%, Mo: 0.26%, Cu: 0.75%, S: 0.014%, P: 0.027% and the balance Fe.
Furthermore, the tensile strength of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge is not less than 1200MPa, the yield strength is not less than 900MPa, the elongation is not less than 5%, the impact energy is not less than 60J, and the hardness is as follows: 350HB to 450HB, and the coefficient of dynamic friction when used as the auxiliary friction iron is more than or equal to 0.25.
Furthermore, the tensile strength of the high-dynamic-friction-coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge is 1280MPa, the yield strength is 920MPa, the elongation is 5.5%, the impact energy is 66J, the hardness is 420HB, and the dynamic friction coefficient when the wedge is used as an auxiliary friction iron is 0.28.
Furthermore, the tensile strength of the high-dynamic-friction-coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge is 1260MPa, the yield strength is 910MPa, the elongation is 6.0%, the impact energy is 65J, the hardness is 415HB, and the dynamic friction coefficient when the wedge is used as auxiliary friction iron is 0.27.
Furthermore, the tensile strength of the high-dynamic-friction-coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge is 1270MPa, the yield strength is 915MPa, the elongation is 5.5%, the impact energy is 64J, the hardness is 421HB, and the dynamic friction coefficient when the wedge is used as auxiliary friction iron is 0.26.
A preparation method of a high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge comprises the following steps:
firstly, smelting molten iron:
weighing 60-65 parts by weight of Q10 pig iron, 25-30 parts by weight of ductile iron scrap and 10-15 parts by weight of scrap steel to obtain a raw material I;
weighing electrolytic copper and ferromolybdenum;
the mass ratio of the electrolytic copper to the raw material I is (0.6-1.0): 100;
the mass ratio of the ferromolybdenum to the raw material I is (0.3-0.6): 100;
thirdly, adding the raw material I, electrolytic copper and ferromolybdenum into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating the intermediate frequency furnace from room temperature to 1500-1550 ℃, standing at 1500-1550 ℃ for 2-4 min, and discharging to obtain molten iron;
secondly, spheroidizing and inoculating treatment:
weighing a FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer, a FeSi75 inoculant and a silicon-barium inoculant;
the mass ratio of the FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer to the raw material I in the second step is (1.5-1.7): 100;
the mass ratio of the FeSi75 inoculant to the raw material I in the second step is (0.7-0.9): 100;
the mass ratio of the silicon-barium inoculant to the raw material I in the second step is (0.08-0.15): 100;
secondly, firstly placing a FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer at the bottom of a pouring ladle, then uniformly covering a FeSi75 inoculant on the FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer, then preserving the heat for 0.4-0.6 min under the condition that the temperature is 1420-1450 ℃, finally pouring the iron liquid obtained in the step one at the temperature of 1340-1390 ℃, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant along with the iron liquid flow in the pouring process to obtain an as-cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodulizing rate of more than 90%;
thirdly, preparing a tempered martensite wedge:
quenching by using a PAG quenching agent:
firstly, loading the cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodularity of more than 90 percent obtained in the step two into a heat treatment furnace, heating the heat treatment furnace to 890-900 ℃, then preserving heat for 1.5-2 h at 890-900 ℃, then taking the sample out of the furnace, transferring the sample into PAG quenching agent with the temperature of 25-35 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 min, finally taking the sample out, putting the sample into water to be rinsed to remove salt stains, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a martensitic nodular cast iron sample;
② low-temperature tempering:
and putting the martensitic ductile cast iron sample into a box furnace at the temperature of 180-200 ℃ for heat preservation for 3-4 h, taking out the sample, and naturally cooling the sample to room temperature to obtain the heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient.
Thirdly, firstly, loading the as-cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodularity of more than 90 percent obtained in the second step into a heat treatment furnace, heating the heat treatment furnace to 895 ℃, then preserving heat for 2 hours at 895 ℃, taking the sample out of the furnace, transferring the sample into a PAG quenching agent at 30 ℃ for heat preservation for 15 minutes, finally taking the sample out, putting the sample into water to rinse and remove salt stains, and cooling the sample to room temperature to obtain a martensitic nodular cast iron sample; and step three, placing the martensitic ductile iron sample into a box furnace at the temperature of 190 ℃ for heat preservation for 3.5 hours, taking out the sample, and naturally cooling the sample to room temperature to obtain the heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient.
The principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows:
aiming at the characteristic requirements of a heavy-duty railway truck, the spheroidization level is improved by adding a Cu element and a Mo element, on the basis of obtaining high-performance nodular cast iron, a heat treatment technology adopts a process of PAG (PAG) quenching and low-temperature tempering, and the matrix structure of the tempered martensite wedge of the heavy-duty truck with the high dynamic friction coefficient is mainly acicular martensite and contains a small amount of bainite mixed structure;
secondly, the added Cu element is a stabilizing element and plays a role in alloying or microalloying; the addition of a proper amount of copper into the ductile iron can eliminate the chilling tendency of carbide forming elements, improve the uniformity of a matrix microstructure, ensure that the microstructure is fine and uniform in distribution, and improve the comprehensive performance of the ductile iron;
the added Mo element is a stabilizing element, and can strengthen the solid solution, effectively improve the cast iron strength, refine the structure and improve the structure uniformity;
fourthly, the tensile strength of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge prepared by the invention is more than or equal to 1200MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 900MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 5%, the impact energy is more than or equal to 60J, and the hardness is as follows: 350 HB-450 HB, when used as auxiliary friction iron, the dynamic friction coefficient is not less than 0.25, the internal toughness is good, the strength is high, the surface hardness is high, the abrasion resistance is good, and the internal structure and the surface structure are uniformly and compactly distributed; meanwhile, the manufacturing cost is low, the technical process reproducibility is good, the preparation process is not complicated, and the technical requirements of heavy-duty railway wagons can be completely met.
The invention can obtain the heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is the metallographic structure examination result of the high coefficient of dynamic friction heavy duty truck tempered martensite wedge prepared in the first embodiment;
FIG. 2 shows the results of the spheroidization grade test of the high coefficient of dynamic friction heavy duty truck tempered martensite wedge prepared in the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is that the chemical components of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge consist of the following components in percentage by mass: 3.30% -3.70%, Mn: 0.25% -0.50%, Si: 2.40% -2.90%, Mg: 0.030 to 0.060%, Mo: 0.20-0.30%, Cu: 0.5% -1.0%, S: less than or equal to 0.014%, P: less than or equal to 0.050 percent and the balance of Fe.
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment differs from the present embodiment in that: the chemical components of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge are as follows according to the element mass fraction: 3.40%, Mn: 0.26%, Si: 2.40%, Mg: 0.052%, Mo: 0.25%, Cu: 0.78%, S: 0.014%, P: 0.032% and the balance Fe. Other steps are the same as in the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: the chemical components of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge are as follows according to the element mass fraction: 3.45%, Mn: 0.27%, Si: 2.48%, Mg: 0.048%, Mo: 0.22%, Cu: 0.70%, S: 0.012%, P: 0.031% and the balance Fe. The other steps are the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to third embodiments is as follows: the chemical components of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge are as follows according to the element mass fraction: 3.55%, Mn: 0.27%, Si: 2.56%, Mg: 0.045%, Mo: 0.26%, Cu: 0.75%, S: 0.014%, P: 0.027% and the balance Fe. The other steps are the same as those in the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: the tensile strength of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge is not less than 1200MPa, the yield strength is not less than 900MPa, the elongation is not less than 5%, the impact energy is not less than 60J, and the hardness is as follows: 350HB to 450HB, and the coefficient of dynamic friction when used as the auxiliary friction iron is more than or equal to 0.25. The other steps are the same as those in the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is as follows: the tensile strength of the high-dynamic-friction-coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge is 1280MPa, the yield strength is 920MPa, the elongation is 5.5%, the impact energy is 66J, the hardness is 420HB, and the dynamic friction coefficient when the wedge is used as an auxiliary friction iron is 0.28. The other steps are the same as those in the first to fifth embodiments.
The seventh embodiment: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to sixth embodiments is: the tensile strength of the high-dynamic-friction-coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge is 1260MPa, the yield strength is 910MPa, the elongation is 6.0%, the impact energy is 65J, the hardness is 415HB, and the dynamic friction coefficient when the wedge is used as auxiliary friction iron is 0.27. The other steps are the same as those in the first to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to seventh embodiments is: the tensile strength of the high-dynamic-friction-coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge is 1270MPa, the yield strength is 915MPa, the elongation is 5.5%, the impact energy is 64J, the hardness is 421HB, and the dynamic friction coefficient when the wedge is used as an auxiliary friction iron is 0.26. The other steps are the same as those in the first to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the embodiment is a preparation method of a high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge, which is completed according to the following steps:
firstly, smelting molten iron:
weighing 60-65 parts by weight of Q10 pig iron, 25-30 parts by weight of ductile iron scrap and 10-15 parts by weight of scrap steel to obtain a raw material I;
weighing electrolytic copper and ferromolybdenum;
the mass ratio of the electrolytic copper to the raw material I is (0.6-1.0): 100;
the mass ratio of the ferromolybdenum to the raw material I is (0.3-0.6): 100;
thirdly, adding the raw material I, electrolytic copper and ferromolybdenum into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating the intermediate frequency furnace from room temperature to 1500-1550 ℃, standing at 1500-1550 ℃ for 2-4 min, and discharging to obtain molten iron;
secondly, spheroidizing and inoculating treatment:
weighing a FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer, a FeSi75 inoculant and a silicon-barium inoculant;
the mass ratio of the FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer to the raw material I in the second step is (1.5-1.7): 100;
the mass ratio of the FeSi75 inoculant to the raw material I in the second step is (0.7-0.9): 100;
the mass ratio of the silicon-barium inoculant to the raw material I in the second step is (0.08-0.15): 100;
secondly, firstly placing a FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer at the bottom of a pouring ladle, then uniformly covering a FeSi75 inoculant on the FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer, then preserving the heat for 0.4-0.6 min under the condition that the temperature is 1420-1450 ℃, finally pouring the iron liquid obtained in the step one at the temperature of 1340-1390 ℃, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant along with the iron liquid flow in the pouring process to obtain an as-cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodulizing rate of more than 90%;
thirdly, preparing a tempered martensite wedge:
quenching by using a PAG quenching agent:
firstly, loading the cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodularity of more than 90 percent obtained in the step two into a heat treatment furnace, heating the heat treatment furnace to 890-900 ℃, then preserving heat for 1.5-2 h at 890-900 ℃, then taking the sample out of the furnace, transferring the sample into PAG quenching agent with the temperature of 25-35 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 min, finally taking the sample out, putting the sample into water to be rinsed to remove salt stains, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a martensitic nodular cast iron sample;
② low-temperature tempering:
and putting the martensitic ductile cast iron sample into a box furnace at the temperature of 180-200 ℃ for heat preservation for 3-4 h, taking out the sample, and naturally cooling the sample to room temperature to obtain the heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient.
The chemical components of the raw materials used in this embodiment are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure GDA0002779858700000061
The principle and advantages of the embodiment are as follows:
aiming at the characteristic requirements of a heavy-duty railway wagon, the spheroidization level is improved by adding a Cu element and a Mo element, on the basis of obtaining high-performance nodular cast iron, a heat treatment technology adopts a PAG quenching agent quenching and low-temperature tempering process, and the finally obtained matrix structure of the tempered martensite wedge of the heavy-duty railway wagon with the high dynamic friction coefficient is mainly acicular martensite and contains a small amount of bainite mixed structure;
secondly, the Cu element added in the embodiment is a stabilizing element and plays a role in alloying or microalloying; the addition of a proper amount of copper into the ductile iron can eliminate the chilling tendency of carbide forming elements, improve the uniformity of a matrix microstructure, ensure that the microstructure is fine and uniform in distribution, and improve the comprehensive performance of the ductile iron;
the Mo element added in the embodiment is a stabilizing element, and can strengthen the solid solution, effectively improve the cast iron strength, refine the structure and improve the structure uniformity;
fourthly, the tensile strength of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge prepared by the embodiment is more than or equal to 1200MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 900MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 5%, the impact energy is more than or equal to 60J, and the hardness is as follows: 350 HB-450 HB, when used as auxiliary friction iron, the dynamic friction coefficient is not less than 0.25, the internal toughness is good, the strength is high, the surface hardness is high, the abrasion resistance is good, and the internal structure and the surface structure are uniformly and compactly distributed; meanwhile, the manufacturing cost is low, the technical process reproducibility is good, the preparation process is not complicated, and the technical requirements of heavy-duty railway wagons can be completely met.
The embodiment can obtain the heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the present embodiment differs from the ninth embodiment in that: step three, firstly, loading the cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodularity of more than 90 percent obtained in the step two into a heat treatment furnace, heating the heat treatment furnace to 895 ℃, then preserving heat for 2 hours at 895 ℃, taking the sample out of the furnace, transferring the sample into a PAG quenching agent at 30 ℃ for preserving heat for 15 minutes, finally taking the sample out, putting the sample into water to rinse and remove salt stains, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a martensitic nodular cast iron sample; and step three, placing the martensitic ductile iron sample into a box furnace at the temperature of 190 ℃ for heat preservation for 3.5 hours, taking out the sample, and naturally cooling the sample to room temperature to obtain the heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient. The rest is the same as the embodiment nine.
The following examples were used to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention:
the first embodiment is as follows: a preparation method of a high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge comprises the following steps:
firstly, smelting molten iron:
weighing 60 parts of Q10 pig iron, 30 parts of ductile iron returns and 10 parts of scrap steel according to parts by weight to obtain a raw material I;
weighing electrolytic copper and ferromolybdenum;
the mass ratio of the electrolytic copper to the raw material I is 0.9: 100;
the mass ratio of the ferromolybdenum to the raw material I is 0.57: 100;
thirdly, adding the raw material I, electrolytic copper and ferromolybdenum into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating the intermediate frequency furnace from room temperature to 1540 ℃, standing at 1540 ℃ and preserving heat for 4min, and discharging to obtain molten iron;
secondly, spheroidizing and inoculating treatment:
weighing a FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer, a FeSi75 inoculant and a silicon-barium inoculant;
the mass ratio of the FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer in the second step to the raw material I is 1.5: 100;
the mass ratio of the FeSi75 inoculant to the raw material I in the second step is 0.9: 100;
the mass ratio of the silicon-barium inoculant to the raw material I in the second step is 0.13: 100;
firstly, placing a FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer at the bottom of a ladle, then uniformly covering a FeSi75 inoculant on the FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer, preserving heat for 0.6min at 1450 ℃, finally pouring the iron liquid obtained in the step one at 1390 ℃, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant along with the iron liquid flow in the pouring process to obtain an as-cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodulizing rate of more than 90%;
thirdly, preparing a tempered martensite wedge:
quenching by using a PAG quenching agent:
firstly, loading the cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodularity of more than 90 percent obtained in the second step into a heat treatment furnace, heating the heat treatment furnace to 890 ℃, then preserving the heat for 2 hours at 890 ℃, taking the sample out of the furnace, transferring the sample into a PAG quenching agent at 25 ℃ for preserving the heat for 20 minutes, finally taking the sample out, putting the sample into water to rinse and remove the salt stain, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the martensitic nodular cast iron sample;
② low-temperature tempering:
and (3) putting the martensitic ductile cast iron sample into a box furnace at the temperature of 200 ℃ for heat preservation for 4h, taking out the sample and naturally cooling the sample to room temperature to obtain the heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient.
Example two: a preparation method of a high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge comprises the following steps:
firstly, smelting molten iron:
firstly, weighing 62 parts of Q10 pig iron, 25 parts of ductile iron returns and 13 parts of scrap steel according to parts by weight to obtain a raw material I;
weighing electrolytic copper and ferromolybdenum;
the mass ratio of the electrolytic copper to the raw material I is 0.85: 100;
the mass ratio of the ferromolybdenum to the raw material I is 0.55: 100;
thirdly, adding the raw material I, electrolytic copper and ferromolybdenum into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating the intermediate frequency furnace from room temperature to 1530 ℃, standing at 1530 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3min, and discharging to obtain molten iron;
secondly, spheroidizing and inoculating treatment:
weighing a FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer, a FeSi75 inoculant and a silicon-barium inoculant;
the mass ratio of the FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer in the second step to the raw material I is 1.55: 100;
the mass ratio of the FeSi75 inoculant to the raw material I in the second step is 0.86: 100;
the mass ratio of the silicon-barium inoculant to the raw material I in the second step is 0.14: 100;
firstly, placing a FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer at the bottom of a casting ladle, then uniformly covering a FeSi75 inoculant on the FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer, preserving heat for 0.5min at the temperature of 1440 ℃, finally pouring the iron liquid obtained in the step one at the temperature of 1385 ℃, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant along with the iron liquid flow in the pouring process to obtain an as-cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodulizing rate of more than 90%;
thirdly, preparing a tempered martensite wedge:
quenching by using a PAG quenching agent:
firstly, loading the cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodularity of more than 90 percent obtained in the second step into a heat treatment furnace, heating the heat treatment furnace to 895 ℃, then preserving the heat at 895 ℃ for 1.8h, taking the sample out of the furnace, transferring the sample into a PAG quenching agent at 30 ℃ for preserving the heat for 15min, finally taking the sample out, putting the sample into water to rinse and remove the salt stain, and cooling to the room temperature to obtain a martensitic nodular cast iron sample;
② low-temperature tempering:
and (3) putting the martensitic ductile cast iron sample into a box furnace at the temperature of 195 ℃ for heat preservation for 3.5h, taking out the sample and naturally cooling the sample to room temperature to obtain the heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient.
Example three: a preparation method of a high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge comprises the following steps:
firstly, smelting molten iron:
weighing 65 parts of Q10 pig iron, 20 parts of ductile iron returns and 15 parts of scrap steel according to parts by weight to obtain a raw material I;
weighing electrolytic copper and ferromolybdenum;
the mass ratio of the electrolytic copper to the raw material I is 0.88: 100;
the mass ratio of the ferromolybdenum to the raw material I is 0.60: 100;
thirdly, adding the raw material I, electrolytic copper and ferromolybdenum into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating the intermediate frequency furnace from room temperature to 1535 ℃, standing at 1535 ℃ and preserving heat for 3.5min, and discharging to obtain molten iron;
secondly, spheroidizing and inoculating treatment:
weighing a FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer, a FeSi75 inoculant and a silicon-barium inoculant;
the mass ratio of the FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer to the raw material I in the second step is 1.6: 100;
the mass ratio of the FeSi75 inoculant to the raw material I in the second step is 0.83: 100;
the mass ratio of the silicon-barium inoculant to the raw material I in the second step is 0.15: 100;
firstly, placing a FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer at the bottom of a casting ladle, then uniformly covering a FeSi75 inoculant on the FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer, preserving heat for 0.6min at the temperature of 1430 ℃, finally pouring the iron liquid obtained in the step one at the temperature of 1380 ℃, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant along with the iron liquid flow in the pouring process to obtain an as-cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodulizing rate of more than 90%;
thirdly, preparing a tempered martensite wedge:
quenching by using a PAG quenching agent:
firstly, loading the cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodularity of more than 90 percent obtained in the second step into a heat treatment furnace, heating the heat treatment furnace to 900 ℃, then preserving heat for 2 hours at 900 ℃, taking the sample out of the furnace, transferring the sample into PAG quenching agent at 35 ℃ for preserving heat for 20 minutes, finally taking the sample out, putting the sample into water to rinse and remove the salt stain, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the martensitic nodular cast iron sample;
② low-temperature tempering:
and (3) putting the martensitic ductile cast iron sample into a box furnace at the temperature of 200 ℃ for heat preservation for 4h, taking out the sample and naturally cooling the sample to room temperature to obtain the heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient.
The chemical composition analysis of the samples of the heavy duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high coefficient of kinetic friction prepared in the first, second and third examples was carried out according to the standard for emission spectroscopy analysis of GB/T14203-1993 by Italian F20 emission spectrometer, and the analysis results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure GDA0002779858700000101
Tensile test, impact test, Brinell hardness test and dynamic friction coefficient test are carried out on the high-dynamic-friction-coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge test samples prepared in the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment by using a CSS-88300 electronic tensile tester, a JB-300 impact tester, a HB3000C hardness tester and an FT1 friction coefficient tester according to national standards GB/T228-2007, GB/T229-2007 and GB/T230-2007, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
Figure GDA0002779858700000111
FIG. 1 is the metallographic structure examination result of the high coefficient of dynamic friction heavy duty truck tempered martensite wedge prepared in the first embodiment;
as can be seen from fig. 1, the matrix structure of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy duty truck-tempered martensite wedge prepared in the first example is mainly fine needle martensite and contains a small amount of bainite mixed structure.
FIG. 2 shows the results of the spheroidization grade test of the high coefficient of dynamic friction heavy duty truck tempered martensite wedge prepared in the first embodiment.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the spheroidization grade of the high coefficient of dynamic friction heavy duty truck tempered martensite wedge prepared in the first embodiment is grade 2.

Claims (2)

1. A preparation method of a high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge is characterized in that the chemical components of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge are represented by the following components in percentage by mass: 3.30% -3.70%, Mn: 0.25% -0.50%, Si: 2.40% -2.90%, Mg: 0.030 to 0.060%, Mo: 0.20-0.30%, Cu: 0.5% -1.0%, S: less than or equal to 0.014%, P: less than or equal to 0.050 percent and the balance of Fe, and the preparation method is completed according to the following steps:
firstly, smelting molten iron:
weighing 60-65 parts by weight of Q10 pig iron, 25-30 parts by weight of ductile iron scrap and 10-15 parts by weight of scrap steel to obtain a raw material I;
weighing electrolytic copper and ferromolybdenum;
the mass ratio of the electrolytic copper to the raw material I is (0.6-1.0): 100;
the mass ratio of the ferromolybdenum to the raw material I is (0.3-0.6): 100;
thirdly, adding the raw material I, electrolytic copper and ferromolybdenum into an intermediate frequency furnace, heating the intermediate frequency furnace from room temperature to 1500-1550 ℃, standing at 1500-1550 ℃ for 2-4 min, and discharging to obtain molten iron;
secondly, spheroidizing and inoculating treatment:
weighing a FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer, a FeSi75 inoculant and a silicon-barium inoculant;
the mass ratio of the FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer to the raw material I in the second step is (1.5-1.7): 100;
the mass ratio of the FeSi75 inoculant to the raw material I in the second step is (0.7-0.9): 100;
the mass ratio of the silicon-barium inoculant to the raw material I in the second step is (0.08-0.15): 100;
secondly, firstly placing a FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer at the bottom of a pouring ladle, then uniformly covering a FeSi75 inoculant on the FeSiMg8RE3 nodulizer, then preserving the heat for 0.4-0.6 min under the condition that the temperature is 1420-1450 ℃, finally pouring the iron liquid obtained in the step one at the temperature of 1340-1390 ℃, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant along with the iron liquid flow in the pouring process to obtain an as-cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodulizing rate of more than 90%;
thirdly, preparing a tempered martensite wedge:
quenching by using a PAG quenching agent:
firstly, loading the cast nodular cast iron sample with the nodularity of more than 90 percent obtained in the step two into a heat treatment furnace, heating the heat treatment furnace to 890-900 ℃, then preserving heat for 1.5-2 h at 890-900 ℃, then taking the sample out of the furnace, transferring the sample into PAG quenching agent with the temperature of 25-35 ℃, preserving heat for 10-20 min, finally taking the sample out, putting the sample into water to be rinsed to remove salt stains, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a martensitic nodular cast iron sample;
② low-temperature tempering:
and putting the martensitic ductile cast iron sample into a box furnace at the temperature of 180-200 ℃ for heat preservation for 3-4 h, taking out the sample, and naturally cooling the sample to room temperature to obtain the heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient.
2. The preparation method of the high dynamic friction coefficient heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the third step is firstly loading the as-cast nodular cast iron sample with the spheroidization rate of more than 90% obtained in the second step into a heat treatment furnace, heating the heat treatment furnace to 895 ℃, then preserving heat for 2h at 895 ℃, taking the sample out of the furnace, transferring the sample to a PAG quenching agent at 30 ℃ for preserving heat for 15min, finally taking the sample out, putting the sample into water to rinse out the salt stain, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the martensite nodular cast iron sample; and step three, placing the martensitic ductile iron sample into a box furnace at the temperature of 190 ℃ for heat preservation for 3.5 hours, taking out the sample, and naturally cooling the sample to room temperature to obtain the heavy-duty truck tempered martensite wedge with high dynamic friction coefficient.
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