CN111394408B - Panose and production method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for producing panose, which comprises the following steps: (1) Adding water into starch to prepare starch milk, adding high temperature resistant alpha-amylase, and liquefying to obtain liquefied liquid; regulating the pH value of the liquefied liquid to 5.0-5.5, adding beta-amylase and pullulanase, reacting for 10-12 hours, adding maltose generating enzyme, and saccharifying until maltose is more than or equal to 90%, thus preparing high maltose liquid; (2) The temperature of the high maltose liquid is regulated to 65-70 ℃, the pH value of the high maltose liquid is regulated to 4.3-4.7, alpha-glucosidase is added for reaction for 24-36 h, and when the DE is more than or equal to 50%, enzyme is deactivated, so that oligosaccharide liquid is prepared; (3) Adding yeast into the oligosaccharide liquid to ferment; (4) Decolorizing, filtering, ion exchanging, chromatographic separation, concentrating and drying the fermented liquid in the step (3) to obtain panose. In the finished product of the invention, the purity of panose is more than or equal to 70%, the yield is more than or equal to 90%, and the maltose, isomaltose, isomaltotriose and maltotriose in the product are less than or equal to 20%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to panose and a production method thereof.
Background
Panose (Panose, C) 18 H 32 O 16 ) Not only has the characteristic of low calorific value, but also can activate the growth and propagation of probiotic bifidobacteria in human intestinal tracts; can improve immunity, prevent dental caries, and maintain oral hygiene; belongs to water-soluble dietary fiber, and has the effects of preventing constipation, preventing colon cancer, etc. Is widely used in food industry, and can be used as food pigment anti-fading agent and food antioxidant.
Panose belongs to the group of isomaltooligosaccharides. Starch is subjected to the action of alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase and other enzymes to form isomaltooligosaccharides including isomaltose, isomaltotriose, isomaltpentaose, panose and the like. Therefore, generally panose exists together with oligosaccharides such as isomaltose, isomaltotriose and isomaltopyranose, and the purity of panose in isomaltooligosaccharide is low, so that panose with high purity is not easy to purchase in the market. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for producing panose, which improves the purity of the product and satisfies the special requirements of the intended use of downstream customers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve the problem of low purity of panose in the prior art, and provides a production method of panose, which can improve the purity of panose in isomaltooligosaccharide.
The production method of panose provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding water into starch to prepare starch milk, adding high temperature resistant alpha-amylase, and liquefying to obtain liquefied liquid; regulating the pH value of the liquefied liquid to 5.0-5.5, adding beta-amylase and pullulanase, reacting for 10-12 hours, adding maltose generating enzyme, and saccharifying until maltose is more than or equal to 90%, thus preparing high maltose liquid;
(2) The temperature of the high maltose liquid is regulated to 65-70 ℃, the pH value of the high maltose liquid is regulated to 4.3-4.7, alpha-glucosidase is added for reaction for 24-36 h, and when the DE is more than or equal to 50%, enzyme is deactivated, so that oligosaccharide liquid is prepared;
(3) Adding yeast into the oligosaccharide liquid to ferment;
(4) Decolorizing, filtering, ion exchanging, chromatographic separation, concentrating and drying the fermented liquid in the step (3) to obtain panose.
Further, the starch is at least one selected from corn starch, wheat starch, broken rice starch, tapioca starch and potato starch.
Further, the concentration of the starch milk is 10-25 Bes, and the pH is 5-6.
Further, the temperature of the liquefaction is 100 to 120 ℃.
Further, the DE value of the liquefied liquid is 5-10.
Further, the temperature at which the beta-amylase, pullulanase and maltose generating enzyme are added to the liquefied liquid is 58 to 62 ℃.
Further, the addition amount of the beta-amylase is 100-250U/g starch. It should be noted that starch herein means dry starch, i.e., 100 to 250 U.beta. -amylase is added per gram of dry starch, and the following expression forms of the amounts of pullulanase, maltose generating enzyme and alpha-glucosidase are similar.
Further, the addition amount of the pullulanase is 0.4-1.0 PUN/g starch.
Further, the amount of the maltose generating enzyme added is 100 to 250U/g starch.
Further, the addition amount of the alpha-glucosidase is 70-150U/g starch.
Further, the enzyme deactivation method is to adjust the pH to 3.5-3.8.
Further, the yeast is added in an amount of 0.35 to 0.45g/L. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention,the yeast is selected from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In some more preferred embodiments, urea and MgSO are also added simultaneously with the yeast addition to the oligosaccharide solution 4 And KH 2 PO 4 Wherein the addition amount of urea is 0.6-0.8 g/L, mgSO 4 The addition amount of (2) is 1.0-1.3 g/L, KH 2 PO 4 The addition amount of (C) is 2.8-3.0 g/L.
Further, the fermentation temperature is 30-32 ℃, the pH is 4.0-4.5, and the fermentation time is 38-42 h.
Further, the decoloring comprises the steps of: and (3) regulating the pH value of the fermented liquid to 4.5-5.0, and then adding the adsorbent and uniformly stirring. In some preferred embodiments, the adsorbent is diatomaceous earth.
Further, the filtering includes the steps of: and (3) enabling the mixture which is uniformly stirred with the adsorbent to be coated with a composite precoating layer of cellulose and diatomite, wherein the mass ratio of the cellulose to the diatomite is 1:1-1.5.
Further, the ion exchange adopts an ion exchange column formed by serially connecting a weak base anion resin column, a strong acid cation resin column, a weak base anion resin column, a strong acid cation resin column and a weak base anion resin column, wherein the weak base anion resin is formed by mixing a styrene series macroporous ion exchange resin and a styrene series macroporous adsorption resin, and the mixing ratio is 1.5-3:1; the strong acid cation resin is composed of a styrene ion exchange resin. After passing through the ion exchange column, the transmittance of the obtained liquid is more than or equal to 98 percent.
Further, the chromatographic separation conditions are: the temperature is 60-70 ℃, the pressure drop is 0.20-0.30 MPa/m, the feed-to-agent ratio is 1.4-1.5:1, and the flow rate is 1.5-2.0 m 3 /h。
Further, the chromatographic separation uses Na + Strong acid cation exchange resins.
Furthermore, the concentration method adopts low-temperature and reduced-pressure concentration, and the drying method adopts freeze vacuum drying, so that the oligosaccharide can be prevented from dehydration and decomposition when being dried and overheated, thereby ensuring the high quality of the product.
The invention also provides panose prepared by the production method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention is characterized in that beta-amylase is added on the basis of pullulanase and maltose generating enzyme, and the maltose generating enzyme is added after the beta-amylase and the pullulanase act for a period of time (the enzyme has larger competitive power when the requirement on the maltose content is as high as possible and the maltotriose content in the saccharifying liquid is necessary to be reduced), so that the synergistic effect of the beta-amylase, the pullulanase and the maltose generating enzyme is fully utilized, the maltose in the saccharifying liquid is up to 94%, and a good substrate foundation is provided for the subsequent transglycosylation and fermentation.
Meanwhile, by utilizing the characteristic that the generation rate of panose is higher than that of oligosaccharides such as isomaltose and the like before the alpha-glucosidase is converted, the conversion condition of the alpha-glucosidase is reasonably controlled, and simultaneously, glucose and maltose are removed by combining a process of adding yeast for fermentation, so that a high-value panose product can be finally obtained.
Based on the basic principle and combined with actual production detection, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) In the finished product of the invention, the purity of panose is more than or equal to 70 percent, and the yield is more than or equal to 90 percent; the content of maltose, isomaltose, isomaltotriose and maltotriose in the product is less than or equal to 20 percent.
(2) The invention directly uses corn starch, wheat starch, broken rice starch, tapioca starch, potato starch and the like as substrates, and compared with the process for producing panose by using sucrose as a substrate and glucosyltransferase, the invention has the advantages of wide raw material range, more flexible operation process and lower production cost.
(3) Besides panose, the invention can obtain the isomaltooligosaccharide component with the polymerization degree more than or equal to 4, and the oligosaccharide is excellent soluble dietary fiber, which is beneficial to the subdivision of isomaltooligosaccharide product types, expands the application range and enhances the application effect of the product.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by combining examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for producing panose, which comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation of high maltose liquid: adding water into corn starch to prepare starch milk, regulating the concentration to 17 DEG Be, regulating the pH to 5.7, adding 0.02%wt Liquozyme supra alpha-amylase for continuous jet liquefaction, maintaining the outlet temperature to 106-108 ℃ for 5min, adding 0.02%wt Liquozyme supra alpha-amylase after flash evaporation and cooling, and maintaining the temperature at 96-98 ℃ for 90min to obtain liquefied liquid with the DE of 8.50%. Cooling the liquefied liquid to 57-58 ℃, regulating the pH value to 5.3, adding 100U/g beta-amylase and 0.4PUN/g pullulanase, preserving the heat for 12 hours, adding 100U/g maltose generating enzyme, and continuing to react for 20 hours to obtain high maltose liquid, wherein the content of maltose is measured to be 90.53%.
2) Preparation of oligosaccharide liquid: adjusting the temperature of the high maltose liquid to 65-67 ℃, and the pH value to be 4.3, adding the Megazyme E-TRNGL 80U/g, reacting for 24 hours, measuring the DE value of the sugar liquid to be 51.49%, and adjusting the pH value to be 3.7, and inactivating enzyme to obtain the oligosaccharide liquid.
3) And (3) yeast fermentation: adding beer yeast 0.35g/L and urea 0.6g/L into oligosaccharide solution, and MgSO 4 1.1g/L,KH 2 PO 4 2.8g/L, regulating the reaction temperature to 30 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 4.0, fermenting for 38 hours, removing glucose and maltose, and heating to 70 ℃ to terminate the reaction.
4) Refining: adjusting the pH value of the sugar solution obtained in the step 3) to 4.8, adding 0.15 wt% of diatomite, stirring for 25min for decolorization, and then passing through a composite precoating candle filter to obtain filtrate, wherein the mass ratio of cellulose to diatomite in the composite precoating layer of the candle filter is 1:1.3. The filtrate is refined by an ion exchange resin system (the mixing ratio of the styrene macroporous ion exchange resin and the styrene macroporous adsorption resin in the weak base anion resin is 2:1, and the strong acid cation resin is composed of the styrene ion exchange resin) formed by connecting the weak base anion resin column, the strong acid cation resin column and the weak base anion resin column in series, so that the oligosaccharide refined solution is obtained, and the light transmittance of the sugar solution is 99.3%.
5) Chromatographic separation: concentrating oligosaccharide refined solution to dry matter (solid matter) of 52%, introducing into chromatographic separation system, and pressure drop during chromatographic operation is 0.22MPa/m, feed ratio is 1.4:1, temperature is 60deg.C, and flow rate is 1.6m 3 Per h, collection Pan Tangye and G n An oligosaccharide liquid wherein n is not less than 4.
6) Concentrating and drying: and (5) enabling the obtained panose liquid to enter a low-temperature reduced-pressure concentration system to obtain a panose finished product.
Through detection, in the panose finished product of the embodiment, the purity of the panose is 87.31 percent, and the yield is 95.26 percent; the maltose + isomaltose + maltotriose content of the panose product was 12.64%.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for producing panose, which comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation of high maltose liquid: adding water into broken rice starch to prepare starch milk, regulating the concentration to 20 DEG Be, regulating the pH to 5.5, adding 0.02%wt Liquozyme 2.2X alpha-amylase for continuous jet liquefaction, maintaining the outlet temperature to 108-110 ℃ for 5min, adding 0.01%wt Liquozyme 2.2X alpha-amylase after flash evaporation and cooling, and maintaining the temperature at 94-96 ℃ for 110min to obtain liquefied liquid with the DE of 9.48%. Cooling the liquefied liquid to 61-62 ℃, regulating pH to 5.2, adding 200U/g beta-amylase and 0.6PUN/g pullulanase, preserving heat for 12 hours, adding 250U/g maltose generating enzyme, continuing to react for 22 hours, obtaining high maltose liquid, and measuring the maltose content to be 94.21%.
2) Preparation of oligosaccharide liquid: and (3) regulating the temperature of the high maltose liquid to 66-68 ℃ and the pH value to be 4.5, adding Megazyme E-TRNGL 100U/g, reacting for 30 hours, measuring the DE value of the sugar liquid to be 50.82%, and regulating the pH value to be 3.6, and inactivating enzyme to obtain the oligosaccharide liquid.
3) And (3) yeast fermentation: adding beer yeast 0.45g/L and urea 0.7g/L into oligosaccharide solution, and MgSO 4 1.3g/L,KH 2 PO 4 3.0g/L, the reaction temperature is 31 ℃, the pH value is 4.3, the fermentation is carried out for 40 hours, the glucose and the maltose are removed, and the temperature is raised to 70 ℃ to terminate the reaction.
4) Refining: regulating the pH value of the sugar solution obtained in the step 3) to 4.7, adding 0.10 wt% of diatomite, stirring for 30min, carrying out composite precoating candle type filtration, wherein the mass ratio of cellulose to diatomite in the composite precoating layer of the filter candle is 1:1.4, and refining the filtrate by an ion exchange resin system (the mixing ratio of styrene macroporous ion exchange resin and styrene macroporous adsorption resin in weak base anion resin is 1.5:1, and the strong acid cation resin is formed by styrene ion exchange resin) consisting of weak base anion resin column, strong acid cation resin column, weak base anion resin column and strong acid cation resin column which are connected in series, so that the oligosaccharide refined solution is obtained, and the light transmittance of the sugar solution is 98.7%.
5) Chromatographic separation: concentrating oligosaccharide refined solution to dry matter (solid matter) of 53%, introducing into chromatographic separation system, and pressure drop during chromatographic operation is 0.25MPa/m, feed ratio is 1.5:1, temperature is 70deg.C, and flow rate is 2.0m 3 Per h, collection Pan Tangye and G n An oligosaccharide liquid wherein n is not less than 4.
6) Concentrating and drying: and (5) enabling the obtained panose liquid to enter a low-temperature reduced-pressure concentration system to obtain a panose finished product.
Through detection, in the panose finished product of the embodiment, the purity of the panose is 85.69%, and the yield is 96.27%; the maltose + isomaltose + maltotriose content of the panose product was 14.23%.
Example 3
The panose production method provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation of high maltose liquid: adding water into wheat starch to prepare starch milk, regulating the concentration to 19 DEG Be, regulating the pH to 5.6, adding 0.03%wt Liquozyme X alpha-amylase for continuous jet liquefaction, maintaining the outlet temperature to 105-107 ℃ for 5min, adding 0.02%wt Liquozyme X alpha-amylase after flash evaporation and cooling, and maintaining the temperature at 95-97 ℃ for 100min to obtain liquefied liquid with the DE of 7.56%. Cooling the liquefied liquid to 59-60 ℃, regulating pH to 5.4, adding 150U/g beta-amylase and 0.8PUN/g pullulanase, preserving heat for 10 hours, adding 200U/g maltose generating enzyme, continuing to react for 24 hours, and measuring the maltose content of 92.76 percent.
2) Preparation of oligosaccharide liquid: regulating the temperature of the high maltose liquid to 68-70 ℃ and the pH value to 4.7, adding Megazyme E-TRNGL 130U/g, reacting for 32h, measuring the DE value of the sugar liquid to 51.16%, regulating the pH value to 3.5, and inactivating enzyme to obtain the oligosaccharide liquid.
3) And (3) yeast fermentation: adding beer yeast 0.40g/L and urea 0.8g/L into oligosaccharide solution, and MgSO 4 1.2g/L,KH 2 PO 4 2.9g/L, the reaction temperature is 32 ℃, the pH value is 4.5, the fermentation is carried out for 42 hours, the glucose and the maltose are removed, and the temperature is raised to 70 ℃ to terminate the reaction.
4) Refining: regulating the pH value of the sugar solution obtained in the step 3) to 4.9, adding 0.20 wt% of diatomite, stirring for 25min, carrying out composite precoating candle type filtration, wherein the mass ratio of cellulose to diatomite in the composite precoating layer of the filter candle is 1:1.2, refining the filtrate by an ion exchange resin system (the mixing ratio of styrene macroporous ion exchange resin and styrene macroporous adsorption resin in weak base anion resin is 2:1, and the strong acid cation resin is formed by styrene ion exchange resin) consisting of weak base anion resin column, strong acid cation resin column, weak base anion resin column, strong acid cation resin column and weak base anion resin column which are connected in series, so as to obtain the oligosaccharide refined solution, and the light transmittance of the sugar solution is 98.6%.
5) Chromatographic separation: concentrating oligosaccharide refined solution to dry matter (solid matter) of 55%, introducing into chromatographic separation system, and pressure drop during chromatographic operation is 0.3MPa/m, feed ratio is 1.5:1, temperature is 65deg.C, and flow rate is 1.8m 3 Per h, collection Pan Tangye and G n An oligosaccharide liquid wherein n is not less than 4.
6) Concentrating and drying: and (5) enabling the obtained panose liquid to enter a low-temperature reduced-pressure concentration system to obtain a panose finished product.
Through detection, in the panose finished product of the embodiment, the purity of the panose is 86.29 percent, and the yield is 93.79 percent; the maltose + isomaltose + maltotriose content of the panose product was 13.64%.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for producing panose is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding water into starch to prepare starch milk, adding high temperature resistant alpha-amylase, and liquefying to obtain liquefied liquid; regulating the pH value of the liquefied liquid to 5.0-5.5, adding beta-amylase and pullulanase, reacting for 10-12 hours, adding maltose generating enzyme, and saccharifying until the maltose content is more than or equal to 90%, thus obtaining high maltose liquid; adding beta-amylase, pullulanase and maltose generating enzyme into the liquefied liquid, wherein the temperature is 58-62 ℃; the addition amount of the beta-amylase is 100-200U/g starch; the addition amount of the pullulanase is 0.4-0.8 PUN/g starch; the addition amount of the maltose generating enzyme is 100-250U/g starch;
(2) The temperature of the high maltose liquid is regulated to 65-70 ℃, the pH value of the high maltose liquid is regulated to 4.3-4.7, alpha-glucosidase is added for reaction for 24-36 h, and when the DE is more than or equal to 50%, enzyme is deactivated, so that oligosaccharide liquid is prepared; the addition amount of the alpha-glucosidase is 80-130U/g starch;
(3) Adding yeast into the oligosaccharide liquid, fermenting, and removing glucose and maltose;
(4) Decolorizing, filtering, ion exchanging, chromatographic separation, concentrating and drying the fermented liquid in the step (3) to obtain panose.
2. A process for producing panose according to claim 1, wherein: the addition amount of the yeast is 0.35-0.45 g/L.
3. A process for producing panose according to claim 2, characterized in that: when yeast is added to the oligosaccharide liquid, urea and MgSO are added simultaneously 4 And KH 2 PO 4 The addition amount of the urea is 0.6-0.8 g/L, and the MgSO is used for preparing the catalyst 4 The addition amount of (2) is 1.0-1.3 g/L, and KH is the same as that of the traditional Chinese medicine 2 PO 4 The addition amount of (C) is 2.8-3.0 g/L.
4. A process for producing panose according to claim 1, wherein: the ion exchange adopts an ion exchange column formed by serially connecting a weak base anion resin column, a strong acid cation resin column, a weak base anion resin column, a strong acid cation resin column and a weak base anion resin column.
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