CN111393179B - Pug for repairing sanitary ware semi-finished product and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Pug for repairing sanitary ware semi-finished product and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111393179B
CN111393179B CN202010487071.4A CN202010487071A CN111393179B CN 111393179 B CN111393179 B CN 111393179B CN 202010487071 A CN202010487071 A CN 202010487071A CN 111393179 B CN111393179 B CN 111393179B
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slurry
particles
particle size
stirring
semi
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CN111393179A (en
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王赞
白静静
薛福勤
黄涛
李晶
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Jiangmen Dongpeng Intelligent Household Co ltd
Foshan Dongpeng Sanitary Ware Co Ltd
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Foshan Dongpeng Sanitary Ware Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/71Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
    • C04B35/78Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
    • C04B35/80Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
    • C04B35/82Asbestos; Glass; Fused silica
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/62204Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62625Wet mixtures
    • C04B35/6263Wet mixtures characterised by their solids loadings, i.e. the percentage of solids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/62605Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
    • C04B35/62625Wet mixtures
    • C04B35/62635Mixing details
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/52Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
    • C04B2235/5208Fibers
    • C04B2235/526Fibers characterised by the length of the fibers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5427Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof millimeter or submillimeter sized, i.e. larger than 0,1 mm

Abstract

The invention discloses a mud material for repairing a sanitary ware semi-finished product and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials comprise, by weight, 55-65% of mud, 32-65% of waste porcelain powder and 1-3% of inorganic fiber; the waste ceramic powder consists of particles with the particle size of 0.125-0.180mm and particles with the particle size of less than 0.125 mm. The waste porcelain powder consists of particles with the particle size of 0.125-0.180mm and particles with the particle size of less than 0.125mm, and the filling is a stacking process, so that the particles with the particle size of 0.125-0.180mm are stacked at the gap of the ceramic workpiece, and the particles with the particle size of less than 0.125mm can fill the gap, thereby achieving the effect of densification.

Description

Pug for repairing sanitary ware semi-finished product and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic production, in particular to a pug for repairing a sanitary ware semi-finished product and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the production process of sanitary ceramics, a series of processes from slip casting to product kiln firing are carried out, such as blank trimming, blank wiping, half inspection, water channel tank glaze, magnesium chloride solution brushing, glaze spraying, warehousing, ex-warehouse, kiln loading and the like. All procedures relate to the transportation of blanks, particularly large products, and the blanks are easy to collide due to heavy weight. The currently used dry-mixed material has the problem of insufficient repairing compactness, and a cavity is easy to appear after firing, thus seriously affecting the market sale of products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pug for repairing a sanitary ware semi-finished product and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the mud material for repairing the semi-finished sanitary ware comprises, by weight, 55-65% of mud, 32-65% of waste porcelain powder and 1-3% of inorganic fiber; the waste ceramic powder consists of particles with the particle size of 0.125-0.180mm and particles with the particle size of less than 0.125 mm.
Preferably, the particles with the particle size of 0.125-0.180mm account for 20-40% of the waste ceramic powder, and the particles with the particle size of less than 0.125mm account for 60-80% of the waste ceramic powder.
Preferably, the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.65-1.90 g/ml, and the weight percentage of water in the slurry is 25-40%.
Preferably, the inorganic fibers are glass fibers or ceramic asbestos.
Preferably, the length of the inorganic fiber is 2-7 cm.
A method for preparing the pug for repairing the semi-finished sanitary ware comprises the following steps in sequence:
step 1, weighing according to a ratio, adding the slurry into a container, and stirring the slurry;
step 2, adding the inorganic fibers for three times, and keeping stirring to uniformly disperse the inorganic fibers in the slurry;
step 3, adding the waste porcelain powder for three times, and stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniform;
in steps 2 and 3, the stirring blades of the stirrer make plane reciprocating circumferential translation to stir the slurry, the inorganic fibers and the waste porcelain powder.
Preferably, in the step 1, the stirring speed of the slurry is 60-100 r/min.
Preferably, in said step 2 and step 3, the linear velocity of the stirring is 4-6cm/s and the angular velocity is 1-1.5 rad/s.
Preferably, the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.65-1.90 g/ml, and the weight percentage of water in the slurry is 25-40%.
Preferably, the particles with the particle size of 0.125-0.18 mm account for 20-40% of the waste ceramic powder, and the particles with the particle size of less than 0.125mm account for 60-80% of the waste ceramic powder.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the waste porcelain powder consists of particles with the particle size of 0.125-0.180mm and particles with the particle size of less than 0.125mm, and the filling is a stacking process, so that the particles with the particle size of 0.125-0.180mm are stacked at the gap of the ceramic workpiece, and the particles with the particle size of less than 0.125mm can fill the gap, thereby achieving the effect of densification.
Detailed Description
The mud material for repairing the semi-finished sanitary ware comprises, by weight, 55-65% of mud, 32-65% of waste porcelain powder and 1-3% of inorganic fiber; the waste ceramic powder consists of particles with the particle size of 0.125-0.180mm and particles with the particle size of less than 0.125 mm.
The inorganic fiber is added into the slurry to play a toughening role, the inorganic fiber can be used as a framework of the slurry for repairing the semi-finished product of the sanitary ware, and when the microcracks are expanded, the inorganic fiber can block the microcracks when the microcracks meet the inorganic fiber, so that the microcracks can not be expanded and collected continuously, or the microcracks can be expanded and collected only by using larger energy, and the cracking is prevented. In addition, the waste porcelain powder consists of particles with the particle size of 0.125-0.180mm and particles with the particle size of less than 0.125mm, and the filling is a stacking process, so that the particles with the particle size of 0.125-0.180mm are stacked at the gap of the ceramic workpiece, and the particles with the particle size of less than 0.125mm can fill the gap, thereby achieving the effect of densification.
Further, according to the weight percentage, the particles with the particle size of 0.125 mm-0.180 mm account for 20-40% of the waste porcelain powder, and the particles with the particle size of less than 0.125mm account for 60-80% of the waste porcelain powder.
The gaps of the ceramic workpiece are usually non-smooth surfaces, so that the weight ratio of particles with different particle diameters in the waste ceramic powder is limited, and the fineness of the mud for repairing the semi-finished product of the sanitary ware is better, so that the gaps can be better filled with the mud for repairing the semi-finished product of the sanitary ware, a fine cavity is avoided being left at the gaps, and the joint of the mud for repairing the semi-finished product of the sanitary ware and the gaps is tighter and firmer and is not easy to fall off; in addition, the surface of the filled part after being fired can be kept close to the fineness of the surface of the original ceramic workpiece, so that poor vision is reduced, and the repairing effect is better.
Furthermore, the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.65-1.90 g/ml, and the weight percentage of water in the slurry is 25-40%.
When the specific gravity of the slurry is less than 1.65g/ml or the water content in the slurry is higher than 40%, the ceramic dry repair slurry is too thin, and when the vertical surface is repaired, the slurry for repairing the semi-finished sanitary ware easily flows out of the repair position, so that the repair process is difficult; on the contrary, when the specific gravity of the slurry is more than 1.90g/ml or the water content of the slurry is less than 25%, the dry ceramic repair slurry is too thick or too dry, which affects the sliding between the waste ceramic powder particles, so that the repaired position cannot achieve the effect of compacting, and the repairing effect is not good.
Further, the inorganic fiber is glass fiber or ceramic asbestos.
Further, the length of the inorganic fiber is 2-7 cm.
The length of the inorganic fiber plays an important role in the repairing process, because the inorganic fiber with the length less than 2cm cannot achieve a good toughening effect in the repairing process, and cannot resist the force from drying shrinkage or sintering shrinkage, so that the due effect of the inorganic fiber cannot be exerted; however, when the length of the inorganic fiber is greater than 7cm, the inorganic fiber is easy to agglomerate, a cavity is easy to form in the dry repair mud, and when the inorganic fiber is sintered at high temperature, the cavities are mutually communicated, so that energy is gathered, the problem of swelling can occur at the repair position of the ceramic workpiece, and even the repair part can directly fall off from a gap of the ceramic workpiece, so that the product is scrapped.
A method for preparing the pug for repairing the semi-finished sanitary ware comprises the following steps in sequence:
step 1, weighing according to a ratio, adding the slurry into a container, and stirring the slurry;
step 2, adding the inorganic fibers for three times, and keeping stirring to uniformly disperse the inorganic fibers in the slurry;
step 3, adding the waste porcelain powder for three times, and stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniform;
in steps 2 and 3, the stirring blades of the stirrer make plane reciprocating circumferential translation to stir the slurry, the inorganic fibers and the waste porcelain powder.
When the slurry is stirred, air in the slurry can be removed as much as possible through stirring, and the problem that the repair fails due to the fact that air is mixed in the slurry for repairing the semi-finished sanitary ware is avoided; the inorganic fibers are added into the slurry for three times, and the weight of the inorganic fibers added into the slurry for each time is equal, so that the inorganic fibers can be more uniformly dispersed in the slurry, and the inorganic fibers are prevented from being agglomerated; then adding the waste porcelain powder into the slurry in three times and equally so as to uniformly disperse the waste porcelain powder into the slurry. In the step 2 and the step 3, a plane stirring mode is adopted during stirring, and the plane stirring refers to that when the stirrer is used for stirring, the stirring blades do reciprocating circular motion on the same plane, so that the problem of inorganic fiber agglomeration is prevented, meanwhile, the problem of breakage of the inorganic fiber is also avoided, the inorganic fiber is kept as complete as possible, and the finally obtained repairing effect of the sludge for repairing the semi-finished sanitary ware is ensured.
Further, in the step 1, the stirring speed of the slurry is 60-100 r/min.
In the step 1, because the inorganic fiber is not added, the stirring speed can be properly increased, so that the stirring efficiency is higher, and the air in the slurry is exhausted more quickly; however, when the stirring speed of the slurry is more than 100r/min, the air is easily re-stirred into the slurry, so that the air is easily re-mixed into the slurry.
Further, in the step 2 and the step 3, the linear velocity of stirring is 4 to 6cm/s and the angular velocity is 1 to 1.5 rad/s.
After inorganic fibers are added into the slurry, in order to ensure the quality of the sludge for repairing the semi-finished sanitary ware product, the linear velocity and the angular velocity of stirring are limited, because when the stirring is carried out at a higher speed, the problem that the inorganic fibers are broken in the stirring process is caused, so that the repairing effect of the finally prepared sludge for repairing the semi-finished sanitary ware product is difficult to ensure; when the stirring is performed at a slower speed, the stirring efficiency is lowered, and the production efficiency is affected.
Furthermore, the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.65-1.90 g/ml, and the weight percentage of water in the slurry is 25-40%.
When the specific gravity of the slurry is less than 1.65g/ml or the water content in the slurry is higher than 40%, the ceramic dry repair slurry is too thin, and when the vertical surface is repaired, the slurry for repairing the semi-finished sanitary ware easily flows out of the repair position, so that the repair process is difficult; on the contrary, when the specific gravity of the slurry is more than 1.90g/ml or the water content of the slurry is less than 25%, the dry ceramic repair slurry is too thick or too dry, which affects the sliding between the waste ceramic powder particles, so that the repaired position cannot achieve the effect of compacting, and the repairing effect is not good.
Further, according to the weight percentage, the particles with the particle size of 0.125 mm-0.18 mm account for 20-40% of the waste porcelain powder, and the particles with the particle size of less than 0.125mm account for 60-80% of the waste porcelain powder.
The gaps of the ceramic workpiece are usually non-smooth surfaces, so that the weight ratio of particles with different particle diameters in the waste ceramic powder is limited, and the fineness of the mud for repairing the semi-finished product of the sanitary ware is better, so that the gaps can be better filled with the mud for repairing the semi-finished product of the sanitary ware, a fine cavity is avoided being left at the gaps, and the joint of the mud for repairing the semi-finished product of the sanitary ware and the gaps is tighter and firmer and is not easy to fall off; in addition, the surface of the filled part after being fired can be kept close to the fineness of the surface of the original ceramic workpiece, so that poor vision is reduced, and the repairing effect is better.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 10 the respective raw materials were weighed according to table 1, wherein the inorganic fibers were all glass fibers.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 8 sludge for the repair of a sanitary ware semi-finished product was prepared according to the following procedure:
step 1, weighing according to a ratio, wherein slurry is added and stirred;
step 2, adding the inorganic fibers for three times, and keeping stirring to uniformly disperse the inorganic fibers in the slurry;
step 3, adding the waste porcelain powder for three times, and stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniform;
in steps 2 and 3, the stirring blades of the stirrer make plane reciprocating circumferential translation to stir the slurry, the inorganic fibers and the waste porcelain powder.
In step 1, the stirring speed of the slurry was 80r/min, and in steps 2 and 3, the linear speed of the stirring was 5cm/s and the angular speed was 1 rad/s.
Comparative example 9 in steps 2 and 3, the slurry was stirred in a three-dimensional manner by the stirring blades, and the stirring blades were used to stir the slurry not only on a flat surface but also in a vertically tumbling manner, and the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 2.
Finally, the semi-finished products of the sanitary wares, which are prepared by the examples 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 9, are respectively used for repairing and sintering ceramic workpieces with gaps of 6cm in diameter, and then the repairing effect is detected to obtain the following detection results:
Figure 452313DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
as can be seen from the results of the testing of the repairing effect in Table 2, the repairing yield of the pug prepared in examples 1-4 can exceed 97%, and the repairing effect is good.
Compared with the example 1, the comparative examples 1 and 2 adopt single particle distribution under the condition of the same other conditions, so the repairing effect is poor, and the qualification rate is low; the comparative example 1 only has particles of 0.125-0.180mm, so the pug can only be accumulated at the gap, and because the particles of less than 0.125mm are lacked, the fine cavity at the gap can not be filled, and the fine cavity can be left, so the pug can not be well jointed with the gap, and finally the repairing pug falls off from the gap of the ceramic workpiece after being repaired, so the pug of the comparative example 1 is very difficult to repair and is easy to fall off; in contrast, in comparative example 2, since the particles had a size of <0.125mm, the problems of dry cracking and burning cracking or protrusion were likely to occur, and the repair yield was not high. Similarly, comparative examples 3 and 4 are compared to example 3, and under otherwise identical conditions, both comparative example 3 and comparative example 4 employ a single particle distribution, so the overall yield of comparative examples 3 and 4 remains low.
Compared with the example 1, under the condition of the same other conditions, the length of the used inorganic fiber is different, and the difference of the repair qualification rate of the comparative example 5 and the repair qualification rate of the comparative example 1 is still larger, because the length of the inorganic fiber of the comparative example 5 is too long, the inorganic fiber is easy to agglomerate, the process of manufacturing the repair mud is difficult, and the repair mud is not easy to stir uniformly, so the repair qualification rate of the comparative example 5 is not high;
similarly, in comparative example 6, the length of the inorganic fiber used is different from that of example 4 under the same conditions, and the inorganic fiber of comparative example 6 is too short, so that the skeleton of the pug cannot be formed, and the inorganic fiber is easily cracked during drying and firing, and thus the inorganic fiber falls off from the gap of the ceramic workpiece, and the repair yield is low.
In comparative examples 7 and 8, compared with example 2, the specific gravity of the slurry was changed under the same conditions, and it can be seen from table 2 that when the specific gravity of the slurry was too high or too low, the slurry was likely to fall off from the gap of the ceramic workpiece, which seriously affects the repair yield.
Compared with the example 2, the stirring mode of the comparative example 9 is changed, and in the comparative example 9, the step 2 and the step 3 adopt a three-dimensional stirring mode to stir the pug, so that inorganic fibers in the pug are easy to break, the effect of repairing the pug is poor, and the repair yield is obviously reduced compared with the example 2.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Other embodiments of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty based on the explanations herein, and such equivalent modifications or substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a sanitary wares semi-manufactured goods are repaired and are used pug which characterized in that: the raw materials comprise, by weight, 55-65% of slurry, 32-65% of waste porcelain powder and 1-3% of inorganic fiber; the waste porcelain powder consists of particles with the particle size of 0.125-0.180mm and particles with the particle size of less than 0.125 mm;
according to the weight percentage, the particles with the particle size of 0.125 mm-0.180 mm account for 20-40% of the waste porcelain powder, and the particles with the particle size of less than 0.125mm account for 60-80% of the waste porcelain powder;
the specific gravity of the slurry is 1.65-1.90 g/ml, and the weight percentage of water in the slurry is 25-40%;
the length of the inorganic fiber is 2-7 cm.
2. The pug for repairing a semi-finished product of sanitary ware according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the inorganic fiber is glass fiber or ceramic asbestos.
3. A method for preparing a sludge for the repair of a semi-finished sanitary ware according to claim 1, characterized in that: comprises the following steps which are carried out in sequence:
step 1, weighing according to a ratio, adding the slurry into a container, and stirring the slurry;
step 2, adding the inorganic fibers for three times, and keeping stirring to uniformly disperse the inorganic fibers in the slurry;
step 3, adding the waste porcelain powder for three times, and stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniform;
in steps 2 and 3, the stirring blades of the stirrer make plane reciprocating circumferential translation to stir the slurry, the inorganic fibers and the waste porcelain powder.
4. A method for preparing a sanitary ware semi-finished repair slip according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step 1, the stirring speed of the slurry is 60-100 r/min.
5. A method for preparing a sanitary ware semi-finished repair slip according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step 2 and the step 3, the linear velocity of stirring is 4-6cm/s, and the angular velocity is 1-1.5 rad/s.
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CN104829256A (en) * 2015-03-30 2015-08-12 惠达卫浴股份有限公司 Sanitary ceramic semi-finished dry repair filling material and preparation method and use thereof
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