CN111391997B - Container ship simulation test method based on symmetric projection - Google Patents
Container ship simulation test method based on symmetric projection Download PDFInfo
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- CN111391997B CN111391997B CN202010173743.4A CN202010173743A CN111391997B CN 111391997 B CN111391997 B CN 111391997B CN 202010173743 A CN202010173743 A CN 202010173743A CN 111391997 B CN111391997 B CN 111391997B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a container ship simulation test method based on symmetric projection, which comprises the following steps: step S1, determining at least one position to be measured; step S2, pasting a reflector plate on each guide rail angle steel facing the total station at each position to be measured; step S3, measuring the coordinates of each reflector plate through a total station; step S4, respectively calculating coordinates of the corner points of the guide rail angle steel of each orientation total station of each position to be measured; s5, symmetrically projecting and obtaining coordinates of corner points of adjacent guide rail angle steels back to the total station; step S6, calculating the box position length, the box position width and the box position diagonal length of each box position; and step S7, adjusting the guide rail. The invention detects before the premise of the entity test box, exposes the problem of the entity hanging box experiment in advance and improves the qualified rate of box position precision. The measuring times of the total station are reduced in a projection symmetry mode, and the implementation efficiency of the invention is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a container ship simulation box testing method based on symmetric projection.
Background
After the container ship is built, a box hanging test needs to be carried out on a large-cabin box position, so that whether the distance between the guide rails and the position of the bottom cone meet the requirement on the precision of the box hanging is verified. If the container is blocked or can not be smoothly inserted into the bottom cone in the process of testing the container, a great deal of operation and correction must be carried out, and the period of testing the container in the whole dock and wharf is influenced.
For example, dock bay stock position accuracy is typically verified using a two-time test case approach. The method comprises the following steps:
1) after the dock bulkhead is positioned, the standard box is used for carrying out large-cabin test box.
2) And (5) performing cutting correction on the marks which cannot meet the precision requirement.
3) And after the correction of the large cabin meets the precision requirement, reporting to a shipowner test box for inspection.
The period for performing the test box was thus 90 days: the first test box was self-tested for 45 days and the second test box was reported in the east of ship for 45 days. In the last test box self-checking, the problem of installation precision of the guide rail in the subsection stage and the problem of carrying and hoisting deformation cause small cabin capacity, a large amount of reworking and correction cause energy consumption waste of a crane, the correction work time is long, the correction cost is high, and the test box period is influenced.
If a test case inspection is performed, 20-foot and 40-foot test cases are performed, and some container ships need 1512 cranes altogether. It takes 60 minutes per crane (back and forth, 4-5 people positioning and inspection), thus it takes a very large time cost and labor cost to adopt two test cases.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that in the prior art, physical box testing needs two times of box testing, so that the manpower consumption is high, the dynamic energy consumption is high, the efficiency is low, and the box testing period is long, and provides a container ship simulation box testing method based on symmetric projection.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a container ship simulation test method based on symmetric projection is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, determining at least one position to be measured along the height direction of the carrying compartment;
step S2, pasting reflectors on guide rail angle steel facing the total station at each position to be detected, wherein the reflectors are pasted on the transverse right-angle side and the longitudinal right-angle side of the guide rail angle steel facing the total station;
step S3, measuring the coordinates of each reflector plate through a total station;
step S4, in each position to be measured, respectively calculating and obtaining the coordinates of the corner points of the guide rail angle steel of each orientation total station of each position to be measured according to the coordinates of the reflectors on the transverse right-angle side and the longitudinal right-angle side of the guide rail angle steel of each orientation total station;
s5, symmetrically projecting and obtaining coordinates of the corner points of the adjacent guide rail angle steel back to the total station according to the thickness of the guide rail angle steel and the coordinates of the corner points of the guide rail angle steel facing the total station at each position to be measured;
step S6, in each position to be measured, respectively calculating the box position length, the box position width and the box position diagonal length of each box position according to the coordinates of the corner points of the guide rail angle steels corresponding to the same box position;
and step S7, adjusting the guide rail according to the calculated box position length, box position width and box position diagonal length precision of each box position.
The position to be measured is determined by the fixed height, so that the coordinates of the reflector plate at each position to be measured in the height direction do not need to be detected.
After the container ship simulation box test method based on the symmetric projection is adopted, the detection can be carried out in advance before the physical box test of the shipowner. The detection process only needs coordinate measurement and calculation, and does not need a physical test box. Under the pushing of a container ship simulation test box, many problems occurring in an entity box hanging experiment are exposed in advance, and the precision qualification rate of the whole large-cabin box position is improved from 40% to 90% through a precision detailed control scheme and a carrying, assembling and welding sequence of a bulkhead broadside.
By simulating the test chamber, early prevention can be achieved. The method can accurately control the precision, and solve the problems of deformation of the carrying compartment guide rail and inaccurate bottom cone scribing and positioning. Before improvement: the bay has mid-arch and wave-shaped deformations in both the height and width directions. After improvement: deformation of the carrying compartment is greatly reduced and controlled within a precision standard range, so that a dock period is shortened, and test of a shipowner test box is smoothly completed.
Due to the straight-line propagation of the light, the coordinates of all the reflectors cannot be obtained directly by one or a few measurements. According to the projection method, the coordinates of the corner points of the adjacent guide rail angle steels facing the total station are symmetrically projected to obtain the coordinates of the corner points of the adjacent guide rail angle steels facing away from the total station, so that the coordinates of all reflectors can be obtained by only one-time measurement, a case can be tested in advance, and the workload of measurement is greatly reduced.
Preferably, the position to be measured includes at least one or more of a position of an upper opening connecting plate of the guide rail, a position of a middle hard blocking area connecting plate of the guide rail, and a position of a lower opening connecting plate of the guide rail.
Preferably, the position to be measured at least comprises the position of an upper opening connecting plate of the guide rail and the position of a middle hard stop area connecting plate of the guide rail.
Preferably, step S2 is performed during the loading of the compartment assembly stage and step S3 is performed during the dock stage.
Preferably, in step S3, the coordinates of each reflector are obtained according to the length and width of the container ship.
Preferably, the long reference of the container ship is the 100M.K line carrying the bay and the wide reference of the ship is the centerline of the hull.
Preferably, the total station is placed centrally in the inner bottom of the double bottom of the container ship.
Preferably, the reflectors on the transverse cathetuses are at a uniform distance from the edge of the transverse cathetuses, and the reflectors on the longitudinal cathetuses are at a uniform distance from the edge of the longitudinal cathetuses.
Preferably, the abscissa of the corner point of the rail angle steel facing the total station is equal to the abscissa of the reflector of the corresponding longitudinal cathetus, and the ordinate of the corner point of the rail angle steel is equal to the ordinate of the reflector of the corresponding transverse cathetus.
Preferably, each box position is determined by the corner points of the corresponding four guide rail angle steels, and the box position length, the box position width and the box position diagonal length of the box position are calculated by the corner points of the corresponding four guide rail angle steels.
Preferably, the total station is located at one side of the container ship, and the guide rail angle at one side of each container position far away from the total station is the guide rail angle towards the total station.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows: after the method is adopted, the detection can be carried out in advance before the physical box test of the shipowner, many problems occurring in the physical box hanging experiment are exposed in advance, and the precision qualification rate of the whole large-cabin box position is improved from 40% to 90% through a precision detailed control scheme and a carrying, assembling and welding sequence of a compartment side. After the improvement, the deformation of the carrying compartment is greatly reduced, the deformation is controlled within the precision standard range, the dock period is shortened, and the test of the shipowner test box is smoothly completed. The measuring times of the total station are reduced in a projection symmetry mode, and the implementation efficiency of the invention is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of the guide rails and the container spaces of a container ship according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view schematically showing a guide rail of a container ship according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a guide rail angle of a container ship according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a total station measurement according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic coordinate diagram of a corner point of a rail angle steel according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the bin length, the bin width, and the diagonal length of the bin in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a total station in an intermediate position measurement according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a side position measurement of a total station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a flow chart of a container ship simulation test method based on symmetric projection according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-9, the invention discloses a container ship simulation test method based on symmetric projection, wherein the container ship simulation test method based on symmetric projection comprises the following steps:
step S1, determining at least one position to be measured along the height direction of the carrying compartment;
step S2, pasting reflectors 4 on guide rail angle steel 11 facing the total station 5 at each position to be measured, wherein the reflectors 4 are pasted on the transverse right-angle side and the longitudinal right-angle side of the guide rail angle steel 11 facing the total station 5;
step S3, measuring the coordinates of each reflector 4 through the total station 5;
step S4, in each position to be measured, respectively calculating and obtaining the coordinates of the corner points of the guide rail angle steel 11 facing the total station 5 in each position to be measured according to the coordinates of the reflectors 4 on the transverse right-angle side and the longitudinal right-angle side of the guide rail angle steel 11 facing the total station 5;
step S5, symmetrically projecting and obtaining the coordinates of the corner points of the adjacent guide rail angle steels 11 back to the total station 5 at each position to be measured according to the thickness of the guide rail angle steels 11 and the coordinates of the corner points of the guide rail angle steels 11 facing the total station 5;
step S6, in each position to be measured, calculating the length of the box position 2, the width of the box position 2 and the diagonal line of the box position 2 of each box position 2 according to the coordinates of the corner points of the guide rail angle steels 11 corresponding to the same box position 2;
and step S7, adjusting the guide rail 1 according to the calculated box position length, box position width and box position diagonal length precision of each box position 2.
The position to be measured is determined by the fixed height, and therefore, it is not necessary to detect the coordinates in the height direction of the reflection sheet 4 at each position to be measured.
After the container ship simulation box test method based on the symmetric projection is adopted, the detection can be carried out in advance before the physical box test of the shipowner. The detection process only needs coordinate measurement and calculation, and does not need a physical test box. Under the pushing of a container ship simulation test box, many problems occurring in an entity box hanging experiment are exposed in advance, and the precision qualification rate of the whole large-cabin box position 2 is improved from 40% to 90% through a precision detailed control scheme and a carrying, assembling and welding sequence of a bulkhead broadside.
By simulating the test chamber, early prevention can be achieved. The method can accurately control the precision, and solve the problems of deformation of the carrying compartment guide rail 1 and inaccurate bottom cone scribing and positioning. Before improvement: the bay has mid-arch and wave-shaped deformations in both the height and width directions. After improvement: deformation of the carrying compartment is greatly reduced and controlled within a precision standard range, so that a dock period is shortened, and test of a shipowner test box is smoothly completed.
As shown in fig. 2, the position to be measured of the present embodiment includes at least one or more of a position of an upper opening connecting plate 31 of the guide rail 1, a position of a middle hard stop area connecting plate 32 of the guide rail 1, and a position of a lower opening connecting plate 33 of the guide rail 1. Particularly, for the position of the upper opening connecting plate 31 of the guide rail 1 and the position of the middle hard stop area connecting plate 32 of the guide rail 1, the conventional method cannot measure due to a certain height, and the measurement needs to be performed by a container ship simulation test box method based on symmetric projection. Therefore, the position to be measured at least includes the position of the upper opening connecting plate 31 of the guide rail 1 and the position of the middle hard stop area connecting plate 32 of the guide rail 1. In practical implementation, other different positions to be measured can be set for measurement.
In this embodiment, in step S3, the coordinates corresponding to the respective reflection sheets 4 are obtained based on the length reference and the width reference of the container ship. As shown in fig. 4, the coordinates of the reflection sheet 4 in the length direction can be determined by the long reference of the container ship, and the coordinates of the reflection sheet 4 in the width direction can be determined by the wide reference of the container ship.
In this embodiment, the long reference of the container ship may be set to the line 100M.K of the loading bay, and the wide reference of the ship may be set to the center line of the hull.
In this embodiment, the total station 5 is placed in the center of the inner bottom of the double bottom of the container ship in order to better cover all the reflectors 4. Thereby measuring the reflection sheet 4.
As shown in fig. 3, the distance from each reflector 4 on the transverse cathetus to the edge of the transverse cathetus is kept consistent, and the distance from each reflector 4 on the longitudinal cathetus to the edge of the longitudinal cathetus is kept consistent. In this embodiment, the distance between the center of the reflector 4 and the edge of the guide rail angle steel 11 of the guide rail 1 is set to be 20mm, and the reflector is used for collecting the test data of the simulated hanging box at the dock stage.
In this embodiment, the abscissa of the corner point of the rail angle 11 facing the total station 5 is equal to the abscissa of the reflector 4 of the corresponding longitudinal cathetus, and the ordinate of the corner point of the rail angle 11 is equal to the ordinate of the reflector of the corresponding transverse cathetus 4.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the thickness of the rail angle 11 is H/2. Whereby the distance between adjacent guide angle irons 11 is H. The transverse cathetus 4 is located at point a in fig. 5, and the coordinates (xb, yb) can be measured by the total station 5. The longitudinal cathetus 4 is located at point b in fig. 5, and the coordinates (xa, ya) can be measured by the total station 5. The corner point of the rail angle 11 is located at c in fig. 51Point, coordinate (xc)1，yc1) The abscissa xc of the corner point of the rail angle 11, although not measurable by the total station 5, is1The abscissa xa of the reflector 4 equal to the corresponding longitudinal square edge, and the abscissa yc of the corner point of the rail angle steel 111Equal to the abscissa yb of the reflector 4 of the corresponding longitudinal cathetus. C at the corner point of the angle steel 11 of the guide rail can be obtained1The position coordinates of the points.
As shown in fig. 5, for example, when the total station 5 is measured from the lower right in the figure, the right-hand rail angle 11 is set toward the total station 5, and the rail angle 11 is set back toward the total station 5. At this time, c passing through the corner point of the rail angle steel 111Point symmetric projection and phase acquisitionT at which corner point of guide rail angle steel 11 of adjacent back total station 5 is located1The coordinates of the points.
Wherein, as shown in FIG. 5, c where the corner point is located1Point (xc)1，yc1) It is known from the foregoing that the calculation can be made from points a and b. At this time, T1Abscissa of point and c1The abscissa of the point differs by the distance H, c between adjacent guide angle steels 111The abscissa of the point is the abscissa of point a, xa, and thus T1The reference set by the abscissa of the point is calculated as xa-H or xa + H, as shown in fig. 5, if it is specified that the coordinate decreases from the right side to the left side in the figure, it is calculated as xa-H; if the coordinate is specified to increase from the right side to the left side in the figure, xa + H is calculated. T is1Ordinate and c of the point1The ordinate of the point is the same, i.e. the ordinate yb of the point b. Thereby, the coordinates of point T1 at which the corner point of the rail angle steel 11 facing away from the total station 5 is located can also be obtained. And finally obtaining the positions of the corner points of the four guide rail angle steels 11 of all the box positions 2.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, for example, c at which a corner point of four corresponding rail angles 11 passes through a certain box space 21、c2、c3、c4Four points determine the bin length L of bin 21And a bin length L2Width of box space B1And a bin width B2. Diagonal length D of box position1And diagonal length D2C from the corner points of the corresponding four rail angle steels 111、c2、c3、c4The coordinate values of the four points are obtained by simple calculation.
In step S6, the degree of distortion of the guide rail 1 is determined by the difference between each of the above parameters and the standard value, thereby achieving the effect of a simulation test box.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in the present embodiment, the total station 5 is set to the both sides and the middle position with different data processing difficulties. As shown in fig. 7, when the total station 5 is disposed at the middle position, there are guide angle irons 11 on both sides (in fig. 7, a set of guide rails 1, that is, two guide angle irons 11, are respectively displayed on both sides, and actually include multiple sets of guide rails, which have the same principle, and therefore, the display is omitted). At this time, the guide angle 11 facing the total station 5 on both sides is different. Of the rail angles 11 located on the left side of the total station 5 in fig. 7, the angle 11 on the left side is directed away from the total station 5, and the angle 11 on the right side is directed towards the total station 5. However, of the rail angles 11 located on the right of the total station 5 in fig. 7, the angle 11 on the right is directed away from the total station 5, and the angle 11 on the left is directed toward the total station 5.
Therefore, in the case shown in fig. 7, it is necessary to ensure that the obtained coordinate data matches the corresponding rail angle 11 by identifying and classifying the position of the rail angle. For example, the coordinate data obtained by the total station 5 should correspond to the right-hand rail angle 11 of each set of rails 1, among the left-hand rail angle 11 of the total station 5. The right-hand rail angle 11 of the total station 5 is to correspond to the left-hand rail angle 11 of each set of rails 1.
In this embodiment, it is also further preferred to arrange the total station 5 to be located on one side of the container ship, as shown in fig. 8. As shown in fig. 6, the rail angle 11 on the side of each tank level 2 remote from the total station 5 (i.e. the rail angle 11 on the side of each set of rails 11 close to the total station 5) is said rail angle 11 towards the total station 5. In this case, the arrangement of fig. 8 may ensure that the coordinate values correspond to rail angle 11 relative to the same side of the tank or rail, without the need to distinguish where rail angle 11 is located relative to total station 5.
In this embodiment, step S2 is set to be performed in the loading compartment assembly stage, and step S3 is set to be performed in the dock stage.
After the scheme is implemented, for example, the simulation test box is used for replacing the first test box inspection, so that the kinetic energy and the labor hour cost of the test box are saved by 50%, and the cost is saved by 166 ten thousand yuan. In addition, the use of an entity test box for 1 cabin on average needs 3 days, the total number of 20000TEU is 24, if the 'two-time test box' needs 144 days, the simulation test box scheme (1 cabin of the simulation test box is 4 hours) is used for deducting the cycle time of the simulation test box for 14 days, and the simulation test box scheme can save the test box cycle for 58 days. The simulation test box saves the cost of 166 ten thousand yuan +58 days test box period.
And the simulation test box is pushed, so that the first box hanging cost is saved for enterprises. Through the precision control technique, prevent in advance, improve and carry on the lobe guide rail and warp the problem, the accurate problem of base cone marking off and location improves the first success rate of second examination case inspection.
Meanwhile, in the calculation process, measurement data can be automatically analyzed by one-key introduction by means of data analysis software (such as excel table automatic calculation), the calculation speed is high, the analysis data is accurate, the excess deviation position is reflected in red, the result is intuitive, the practicability is high, and the ship owner approval is obtained.
In summary, the following steps: after the method is adopted, the detection can be carried out in advance before the physical box test of the shipowner, many problems occurring in the physical box hanging experiment are exposed in advance, and the precision qualification rate of the whole large-cabin box position is improved from 40% to 90% through a precision detailed control scheme and a carrying, assembling and welding sequence of a compartment side. After the improvement, the deformation of the carrying compartment is greatly reduced, the deformation is controlled within the precision standard range, the dock period is shortened, and the test of the shipowner test box is smoothly completed. The measuring times of the total station are reduced in a projection symmetry mode, and the implementation efficiency of the invention is improved.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. A container ship simulation test method based on symmetric projection is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, determining at least one position to be measured along the height direction of the carrying compartment;
step S2, pasting reflectors on guide rail angle steel facing the total station at each position to be detected, wherein the reflectors are pasted on the transverse right-angle side and the longitudinal right-angle side of the guide rail angle steel facing the total station;
step S3, measuring the coordinates of each reflector plate through a total station;
step S4, in each position to be measured, respectively calculating and obtaining the coordinates of the corner points of the guide rail angle steel of each orientation total station of each position to be measured according to the coordinates of the reflectors on the transverse right-angle side and the longitudinal right-angle side of the guide rail angle steel of each orientation total station;
s5, symmetrically projecting and obtaining coordinates of the corner points of the adjacent guide rail angle steel back to the total station according to the thickness of the guide rail angle steel and the coordinates of the corner points of the guide rail angle steel facing the total station at each position to be measured;
step S6, in each position to be measured, respectively calculating the box position length, the box position width and the box position diagonal length of each box position according to the coordinates of the corner points of the guide rail angle steels corresponding to the same box position;
and step S7, adjusting the guide rail according to the calculated box position length, box position width and box position diagonal length precision of each box position.
2. The simulated container ship test-box method based on the symmetric projection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the position to be tested comprises at least one or more of the position of an upper port connecting plate of the guide rail, the position of a middle hard stop area connecting plate of the guide rail and the position of a lower port connecting plate of the guide rail.
3. The method for simulating the test box of the container ship based on the symmetric projection as claimed in claim 2, wherein the position to be tested at least comprises the position of the upper opening connecting plate of the guide rail and the position of the middle hard stop area connecting plate of the guide rail.
4. The method for simulating the test box of the container ship based on the symmetric projection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S2 is performed in the total loading stage and the step S3 is performed in the dock stage.
5. The method for simulating the test box of the container ship based on the symmetric projection as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the corresponding coordinates of each reflective sheet are obtained according to the long reference and the wide reference of the container ship.
6. The method for simulating the test box of the container ship based on the symmetric projection as claimed in claim 5, wherein the long reference of the container ship is the 100M.K line of the carrying compartment, and the wide reference of the ship is the center line of the ship body.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the total station is placed at the center of the inner bottom of the double bottom of the container ship.
8. A method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reflectors on the transverse cathetuses are at a uniform distance from the edges of the transverse cathetuses and the reflectors on the longitudinal cathetuses are at a uniform distance from the edges of the longitudinal cathetuses.
9. The symmetric projection-based containership simulation test-box method of claim 1, wherein an abscissa of a corner point of a rail angle towards a total station is equal to an abscissa of a reflector of a corresponding longitudinal cathetus, and an ordinate of a corner point of a rail angle is equal to an ordinate of a reflector of a corresponding transverse cathetus.
10. The simulated container testing method for the container ship based on the symmetric projection as claimed in claim 1, wherein each container position is determined by the corner points of the corresponding four rail angles, and the length of the container position, the width of the container position and the diagonal length of the container position are calculated by the corner points of the corresponding four rail angles.
11. The method of claim 1, in which the total station is located on one side of the container ship, and the angle of the rail of each station on the side far from the total station is the angle of the rail towards the total station.
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| CN101885368A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-11-17 | 扬帆集团股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing and installing guide rail in container ship cargo hold |
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| KR20180053981A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-24 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Simulation device for container function test |
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