CN111390412A - Large-current electromagnetic pulse welding device - Google Patents
Large-current electromagnetic pulse welding device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111390412A CN111390412A CN202010149779.9A CN202010149779A CN111390412A CN 111390412 A CN111390412 A CN 111390412A CN 202010149779 A CN202010149779 A CN 202010149779A CN 111390412 A CN111390412 A CN 111390412A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-current electromagnetic pulse welding device which mainly comprises a vacuum relay HV, an energy storage capacitor C1, a pre-charging capacitor C2, a thyristor D, an inductor L, a magnetic switch T, a solid-state switch RSD and a welding coil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic pulse welding, in particular to a high-current electromagnetic pulse welding device.
Background
The electromagnetic pulse welding technology is a new welding method which is made up abroad in the last 60 th century, is a connecting process which uses electromagnetic force to make metals to be welded produce strong collision and be connected together, and belongs to solid-state connection. Different from the traditional connection mode, the electromagnetic pulse welding can greatly improve the forming limit of materials and is convenient for realizing automation. Meanwhile, metal filling and protective gas are not needed in the electromagnetic welding process, the generation of intermetallic compounds at the interface of a welding joint can be greatly reduced, the joint internal stress generated by metal melting is reduced or even eliminated, and the problem of performance difference of dissimilar materials which cannot be solved by common welding is effectively solved, so that the research on electromagnetic pulse welding equipment with high reliability and long service life is particularly important.
The research on electromagnetic pulse welding equipment is relevant at home and abroad, the beginning of 1958, the first electromagnetic forming machine in the world is developed by the American general electric power company in the second international conference and the conference of utilizing atomic energy held by the Japanese tile. In 1962, the electromagnetic forming machine which can be used for industrial production was invented by improvement and perfection of the U.S. Boolean (Brower) and Harvey (Harvey). In China, the research on the electromagnetic pulse welding technology starts in the early 60 s, and the institute of electricians of the Chinese academy of sciences organizes and systematically researches the electromagnetic forming process and equipment, but the research on the technology is blank for a long time later. In recent years, a large amount of equipment research and development and manufacturing are carried out in parts of colleges and universities and scientific research institutes in China, and electromagnetic pulse welding equipment with different energy storage sizes and switch types is researched and developed for different application scenes. Researchers at Harbin Industrial university in the middle of the 90 s designed electromagnetic pulse welding equipment with energy storage of 1.2kJ, 14.4kJ and 36kJ respectively for relevant experimental studies; in addition, the particularity of the same university who should do all over aiming at flat plate welding is that a set of electromagnetic pulse welding device aiming at flat plate welding is designed, and a breakthrough is found for realizing the flat plate welding technology.
In the prior development of electromagnetic pulse welding devices, a pulsed high-current Switch generally adopts a Vacuum Triggered Switch (TVS) or a Gas spark Switch (Gas spark Switch), the Vacuum Triggered Switch is divided into a field breakdown type and a surface breakdown type, the conduction process is divided into a triggering stage and a main gap conduction stage, the requirements of the two types of Vacuum switches on external triggering and an internal coating are high, and the service life of the Vacuum switches is greatly limited due to the breakdown conduction characteristic; similarly, the gas spark switch has the characteristics of electrode ablation and the like, so that the service life is greatly prolonged; in addition, the two switches have great defects in the aspects of conduction stability, trigger stability and the like; moreover, nowadays, the requirements for automation and high repetition frequency performance of various types of equipment are higher and higher, and the defect that a gas switch does not have high repetition frequency is more and more obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the problems of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the high-current electromagnetic pulse welding device mainly comprises a vacuum relay HV, an energy storage capacitor C1, a pre-charging capacitor C2, a thyristor D, an inductor L, a magnetic switch T, a solid-state switch RSD and a welding coil.
The vacuum relay HV charges the energy storage capacitor C1 and the pre-charging capacitor C2.
After the energy is stored, the pre-charging capacitor C2 is discharged.
The pre-charge capacitor C2 resonates in series with the inductor L, producing a reverse pre-charge current that reversely charges the pre-charge capacitor and the solid state switch RSD.
End of discharge t of the pre-charge capacitor C2sAfter time, the thyristor D is turned off and the magnetic switch T is turned on. t is tsThe magnetic switch blocking time.
Further, the magnetic switch blocking time tsAs follows:
in the formula, N1The number of coil turns of the magnetic switch. Δ B is the maximum magnetic flux variation, and S is the core cross-sectional area. U shape0Is the charging voltage.
Magnetic switch blocking time tsThe following constraints are satisfied:
in the formula, t1The precharge capacitor C2 is in series resonance with the inductor L.
Wherein, the pre-charging capacitor C2 and the inductor are connected in series for a resonant period t1As follows:
where C is the capacitance of the precharge capacitor C2 and L is the inductance.
The energy storage capacitor C1 discharges electricity to the welding coil through the magnetic switch T and the solid-state switch RSD, so that pulse current flows through the welding coil to generate a magnetic field, and welding of a part to be welded in the welding coil is completed.
The circuit structure of the high-current electromagnetic pulse welding device is as follows:
the vacuum relay HV is connected in series with the anode of the solid-state switch RSD. The cathode of the solid-state switch RSD is connected to ground.
The vacuum relay HV is connected with the thyristor D and the inductor L in series in turn and then grounded.
The vacuum relay HV is connected with the precharge capacitor C2 in series and then grounded.
The vacuum relay HV is sequentially connected with the magnetic switch T, the energy storage capacitor C1 and the welding coil in series and then grounded.
It is worth to be noted that the working principle of the invention is as follows: 1) closing the vacuum relay, charging the energy storage capacitor and the pre-charging capacitor by the high-voltage direct-current power supply, and disconnecting the vacuum relay when the charging process is finished; 2) in the pre-charging loop, the control circuit acts on the thyristor to trigger the thyristor to be conducted, at the moment, the pre-charging capacitor and the inductor carry out series resonance to generate large current to reversely charge the pre-charging capacitor, meanwhile, the pre-charging current reversely charges the RSD switch from bottom to top, and finally discharging is finished. Because the discharge just starts to the end process, the voltage born by the two ends of the magnetic switch is gradually increased, the magnetic core is gradually saturated, and the magnetic switch is changed from the initial turn-off state to the conduction state; 3) when the magnetic switch is saturated, the thyristor is disconnected, the energy storage capacitor discharges through a loop of the magnetic switch, the RSD and the welding coil, a large pulse current flows through the welding coil to generate a strong magnetic field, and a pipe placed in the welding coil is strongly collided under the action of electromagnetic force to finally complete welding.
The technical effect of the present invention is undoubted. The switch of the invention has simple triggering mode and high repetition frequency capability. The invention can realize high conduction stability under the condition of ensuring the large-current discharge performance of the device. The invention can meet the requirement of the welding device on repeated frequency operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an electromagnetic pulse welding apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit configuration of a welding apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a main discharge circuit;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a precharge circuit voltage waveform;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a pre-charge loop current waveform;
FIG. 6 is a graph of discharge voltage waveforms;
FIG. 7 is a discharge current waveform diagram;
FIG. 8 is a diagram I of the welding effect of the metal pipe;
FIG. 9 shows a welding effect II of the metal pipe;
fig. 10 shows the welding effect III of the metal pipe.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the high-current electromagnetic pulse welding device mainly comprises a vacuum relay HV, an energy storage capacitor C1, a pre-charging capacitor C2, a thyristor D, an inductor L, a magnetic switch T, a solid-state switch RSD and a welding coil.
The vacuum relay HV charges the energy storage capacitor C1 and the pre-charging capacitor C2.
After the energy is stored, the pre-charging capacitor C2 is discharged.
The pre-charge capacitor C2 resonates in series with the inductor L, producing a reverse pre-charge current that reversely charges the pre-charge capacitor and the solid state switch RSD.
Since the thyristor current turns off at zero crossing, the RSD is back-charged at the pre-charge loop L C series resonanceIn the process, the magnetic switch is needed to isolate the energy storage capacitor from the pre-charging circuit, so the pre-charging capacitor C2 finishes discharging tsAfter time, the thyristor D is turned off and the magnetic switch T is turned on. t is tsThe magnetic switch blocking time.
Further, the magnetic switch blocking time tsAs follows:
in the formula, N1The number of coil turns of the magnetic switch. Δ B is the maximum magnetic flux variation, and S is the core cross-sectional area. U shape0Is the charging voltage.
Magnetic switch blocking time tsThe following constraints are satisfied:
in the formula, t1The precharge capacitor C2 is in series resonance with the inductor L.
Wherein, the pre-charging capacitor C2 and the inductor are connected in series for a resonant period t1As follows:
where C is the capacitance of the precharge capacitor C2 and L is the inductance.
The energy storage capacitor C1 discharges electricity to the welding coil through the magnetic switch T and the solid-state switch RSD, so that pulse current flows through the welding coil to generate a magnetic field, and welding of a part to be welded in the welding coil is completed.
Example 2:
the circuit structure of the high-current electromagnetic pulse welding device is as follows:
the vacuum relay HV is connected in series with the anode of the solid-state switch RSD. The cathode of the solid-state switch RSD is connected to ground.
The vacuum relay HV is connected with the thyristor D and the inductor L in series in turn and then grounded.
The vacuum relay HV is connected with the pre-charging capacitor C2 in series and then grounded, the pre-charging capacitor C2, the thyristor D and the inductor L form a pre-charging loop.
The vacuum relay HV is sequentially connected with the magnetic switch T, the energy storage capacitor C1 and the welding coil in series and then grounded. The solid-state switch RSD, the magnetic switch T, the energy storage capacitor C1 and the welding coil constitute a main loop.
Example 3:
an experiment applying a high-current electromagnetic pulse welding device mainly comprises the following steps:
1) and (4) building a high-current electromagnetic pulse welding device, and placing the metal piece to be welded in the coil.
2) The acquisition voltage is set to be 4kV, and the large-current electromagnetic pulse welding device is pressurized.
3) After pressurization, the waveforms of the voltage and current of the capacitor and the inductor in the pre-charging circuit are shown in fig. 4 and 5.
When the main circuit discharges, referring to fig. 3, the end of the positive pole of the power supply (i.e., the energy storage capacitor C1) is connected in series with the switch S1 (i.e., the magnetic switch T) and the capacitor C (i.e., the pre-charging capacitor C2) and then grounded, the end of the positive pole of the power supply is connected in series with the switch S1, the switch S2 (i.e., the thyristor D), the inductor L and the resistor R (i.e., the welding coil) and then grounded, and the end of the negative pole of the power supply is connected in series.
It is seen from the figure that the current at 6kV plus is about 140kA and the current at 4kV of the 4 turn coil is about 60 kA. Although the pulse current is reduced and the time of the rising edge is increased, so that the induced magnetic field is reduced, the induced magnetic field is increased due to the increase of the number of turns, and finally, the effect of the single-turn coil and the multi-turn coil on the electromagnetic pulse welding of the power cable joint needs to be verified through experiments. Meanwhile, from the current waveform, the time delay of 2-4 mus exists between the positive half period and the negative half period, and the magnetic switch plays a role in blocking and carrying out magnetic compression.
3) Referring to fig. 7 to 10, the apparatus is pressurized to complete the welding of the different metal pipes.
Claims (4)
1. The high-current electromagnetic pulse welding device is characterized by mainly comprising a vacuum relay HV, an energy storage capacitor C1, a pre-charging capacitor C2, a thyristor D, an inductor L, a magnetic switch T, a solid-state switch RSD and a welding coil.
The vacuum relay HV charges the energy storage capacitor C1 and the pre-charging capacitor C2;
after energy is stored, the pre-charging capacitor C2 discharges;
the pre-charging capacitor C2 and the inductor L are in series resonance to generate reverse pre-charging current, and the reverse pre-charging current reversely charges the pre-charging capacitor and the solid-state switch RSD;
end of discharge t of the pre-charge capacitor C2sAfter the time, the thyristor D is disconnected, and the magnetic switch T is conducted; t is tsThe magnetic switch blocking time;
the energy storage capacitor C1 discharges electricity to the welding coil through the magnetic switch T and the solid-state switch RSD, so that pulse current flows through the welding coil to generate a magnetic field, and welding of a part to be welded in the welding coil is completed.
2. A high current electromagnetic pulse welding apparatus as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnetic switch blocking time t is set tosAs follows:
in the formula, N1The number of turns of the coil of the magnetic switch; Δ B is the maximum magnetic flux variation, S is the magnetic core cross-sectional area; u shape0Is the charging voltage.
3. A high current electromagnetic pulse welder according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic switch blocking time tsThe following constraints are satisfied:
in the formula, t1The pre-charging capacitor C2 is connected with the inductor L in series for a resonance period;
wherein, the pre-charging capacitor C2 and the inductor are connected in series for a resonant period t1As followsShown in the figure:
wherein C is the capacitance of the pre-charge capacitor C2, and L is the inductance.
4. A high current electromagnetic pulse welding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the circuit configuration of the high current electromagnetic pulse welding apparatus is as follows:
the vacuum relay HV is connected with the anode of the solid-state switch RSD in series; the cathode of the solid-state switch RSD is grounded;
the vacuum relay HV is sequentially connected with the thyristor D and the inductor L in series and then grounded;
the vacuum relay HV is connected with the pre-charging capacitor C2 in series and then grounded;
the vacuum relay HV is sequentially connected with the magnetic switch T, the energy storage capacitor C1 and the welding coil in series and then grounded.
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| CN202010149779.9A CN111390412A (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Large-current electromagnetic pulse welding device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113814309A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-21 | 重庆大学 | Magnetic pulse forming device suitable for high-strength thick pipe fitting |
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| CN1112328A (en) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-11-22 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Horizontal deflection circuit |
| CN101154891A (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-02 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Resonance converter and its synchronous commutation driving method |
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| CN104242666A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2014-12-24 | 武汉力成伟业科技有限公司 | Novel inverter welding power supply |
| CN104412499A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2015-03-11 | 索尼公司 | Drive circuit and drive method |
| CN105141293A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2015-12-09 | 华中科技大学 | RSD-based pulse power supply module |
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2020
- 2020-03-06 CN CN202010149779.9A patent/CN111390412A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1112328A (en) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-11-22 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Horizontal deflection circuit |
| CN101517877A (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2009-08-26 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Dc/DC power converter |
| CN101154891A (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-02 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Resonance converter and its synchronous commutation driving method |
| CN103891123A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2014-06-25 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Inverter device |
| CN104412499A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2015-03-11 | 索尼公司 | Drive circuit and drive method |
| CN103973119A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2014-08-06 | 许有联 | LCLC serial-parallel resonance circuit |
| CN103248338A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-08-14 | 华中科技大学 | Triggering circuit of reverse switching transistor |
| CN104079189A (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-10-01 | 彭亚斌 | Charging source for high-voltage capacitor |
| CN104242666A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2014-12-24 | 武汉力成伟业科技有限公司 | Novel inverter welding power supply |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113814309A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-21 | 重庆大学 | Magnetic pulse forming device suitable for high-strength thick pipe fitting |
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Inventor after: Yu Liang Inventor after: Ma Jianhao Inventor after: Dong Shoulong Inventor after: Yao Chenguo Inventor before: Yu Liang Inventor before: Ma Jianhao Inventor before: Gao Liangxi Inventor before: Dong Shoulong Inventor before: Yao Chenguo |
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Application publication date: 20200710 |