CN111390127B - Die casting cap port shell mounting structure and die casting pouring method - Google Patents
Die casting cap port shell mounting structure and die casting pouring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111390127B CN111390127B CN202010322877.8A CN202010322877A CN111390127B CN 111390127 B CN111390127 B CN 111390127B CN 202010322877 A CN202010322877 A CN 202010322877A CN 111390127 B CN111390127 B CN 111390127B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
- B22D7/10—Hot tops therefor
- B22D7/108—Devices for making or fixing hot tops
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
- B22D7/10—Hot tops therefor
- B22D7/106—Configuration of hot tops
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Abstract
The invention relates to a die casting cap port shell mounting structure and a die casting pouring method, and belongs to the technical field of metal casting. One or two inward bulge structures are arranged at the lower part of an inner cavity of a separate type cap opening shell, the lower end of a first bulge is a chamfer or a fillet, the upper end of the first bulge is attached to the lower end face of a heat insulation plate, and a second bulge is of a trapezoidal section and is attached to the inner cavity face of a metal mold; the bulge structure can play a transition role in the casting process, the lower end face of the heat insulation plate is a plane, and the lower end of the heat insulation plate is not provided with a chamfer structure, so that the problems that the refractory material is easy to damage and the ingot casting defect is caused due to the fact that the lower chamfer of the heat insulation plate is thinned in the prior art are solved, and the yield of the final ingot casting can be improved by 2% -5%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a die casting cap port shell mounting structure and a die casting pouring method, and belongs to the technical field of metal casting.
Background
In molding, there are integral and split caps and two designs. The integral cap mouth means that the metal mould and the cap mouth are integrated, and is generally used for pouring large steel ingots. The split type cap, which means that a metal mold and the cap are separated, is generally used for producing small steel ingots as shown in fig. 1, the solidification time of the small steel ingots is short, the required cap feeding amount is relatively small, and in order to reduce the cap volume ratio and improve the metal yield, the split type cap with a smaller volume is adopted.
After the steel ingot adopts the separated cap opening and the heat-insulating plate matched with the separated cap opening, the size difference of the intersection of the ingot body and the cap opening is large (30-100 mm), and the folding defect is easy to generate during rolling, so that the position needs to be subjected to fillet or chamfer transition. At present, the transition between a steel ingot cap opening and an ingot body is realized by chamfering the bottom of a heat insulation plate, as shown in figure 1. However, since the chamfered part of the heat insulation plate is thin, the heat insulation plate is easily damaged after being contacted by high-temperature molten metal, so that defects are formed at the transition position of the ingot body and the cap opening (the left lower part in figure 2), cracks are generated during rolling, and the yield is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a die casting cap mouth shell mounting structure, when being applied to die casting production, can reduce the defect of spindle body and cap mouth transition position, improve the yield simultaneously.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the die casting cap opening shell mounting structure comprises a metal mold and a cap opening, wherein the cap opening is arranged at the upper end of the metal mold in a separable mode, the cap opening comprises a heat insulation plate positioned inside the cap opening and a cap opening shell positioned outside the cap opening, the lower end of the cap opening shell extends outwards to form a horizontally arranged mounting base, a first protrusion which is annularly arranged is arranged at the lower end of an inner cavity of the cap opening shell, the lower end surface of the heat insulation plate is in contact with the upper surface of the first protrusion, and the contact surface of the heat insulation plate and the upper surface of the first protrusion is horizontally arranged; the tip end surface of the first bulge is an inclined surface with the same taper as the inner cavity surface of the heat insulation plate and is flush with the inner cavity surface of the heat insulation plate; the lower surface of the first protrusion is a rounded surface or a chamfered surface.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the lower surface of the first bulge is a chamfer surface, one end of the chamfer surface is connected with the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell, and the other end of the chamfer surface is connected with the tip end surface of the first bulge; the included angle between the chamfer surface and the cap opening shell inner cavity surface is set as alpha, and the value of the alpha is 20-50 degrees.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: along the taper direction of the first bump tip face, the linear length of the first bump tip face in the direction is 10mm to 30 mm.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the width of the upper surface of the first protrusion in the horizontal direction is set to be L1, and the value of L1 is 30-80 mm.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the vertical height of the first protrusion is set to be L2, L2 refers to the distance between the upper end contour line and the lower end contour line of the inner cavity surface of the cap opening shell on the vertical plane, and L2 is 40-80 mm.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell is provided with second protrusions which are annularly arranged, the second protrusions are arranged in the inner cavity of the metal mold, and one side surface of each second protrusion is attached to the inner cavity surface of the metal mold.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the longitudinal section of the second bulge is trapezoidal, and one side surface of the second bulge facing to the center of the inner cavity of the metal mold is an inclined surface; an acute angle is formed between the inclined plane and the outer end of the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell, the acute angle is set to be beta, and the value of the beta is 40-70 degrees; the width of the bottom end of the second protrusion in the horizontal direction is set to be L3, the bottom end of the second protrusion is the end connected with the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell, and the value of L3 is 30-60 mm; the height of the second protrusion is set to be L4, L4 refers to the distance between the tip end surface of the second protrusion and the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell in the vertical plane, and the value of L4 is 20-60 mm.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the hat opening shell, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are of an integrated structure made of cast iron.
Correspondingly, on the basis of the installation structure of the die casting cap opening shell, the invention also provides a die casting pouring method, and in the pouring process, when molten steel rises to be in contact with the cap opening shell, the pouring speed is reduced to 1/15-1/3 of the pouring speed of the ingot body.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: before casting, firstly baking the metal mold, the cap opening shell and the heat insulation plate to 50-300 ℃; the height of the molten steel at the cap opening is 150 mm-400 mm during pouring; when pouring, the pouring speed of the ingot body is 0.1-0.5 m/s, and when the molten steel rises to be contacted with the cap opening shell, the pouring speed is reduced to 0.01-0.06 m/s.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the lower part of the inner cavity of the separated cap opening shell is of one or two inward-protruding structures, the lower end of the first protrusion is a chamfer or a fillet, the upper end of the first protrusion is attached to the lower end face of the heat insulation plate, and the second protrusion is of a trapezoidal section and is attached to the inner cavity face of the metal mold; the bulge structure can play a transition role in the casting process, the lower end face of the heat insulation plate is a plane, and the lower end of the heat insulation plate is not provided with a chamfer structure, so that the problems that the refractory material is easy to damage and the ingot casting defect is caused due to the fact that the lower chamfer of the heat insulation plate is thinned in the prior art are solved, and the yield of the final ingot casting is improved by 2% -5%. In addition, in the casting process, the casting speed is reasonably designed, the casting speed of the cap opening is 1/15-1/3 of that of the ingot body, thermal shock of high-temperature molten steel to the protrusions is favorably relieved, and the service life is prolonged; meanwhile, the filling time of the cap opening is prolonged, so that the feeding effect of the cap opening is increased, and the quality of the casting blank is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art die casting of a split cap;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a defect and shrinkage of a metal ingot cap in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the die casting assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the cap shell of the present invention;
labeled as: the metal mold comprises a metal mold 1, an insulation board 2, a cap opening shell 3, a weak part 4 at the lower part of the insulation board and a metal ingot 5.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the die casting cap opening shell mounting structure of the present invention comprises a metal mold 1 and a cap opening, wherein the cap opening is detachably disposed at the upper end of the metal mold 1, the cap opening comprises an insulation plate 2 located inside the cap opening and a cap opening shell 3 located outside the insulation plate, the lower end of the cap opening shell 3 extends outwards to form a horizontally disposed mounting base, a first protrusion annularly disposed is disposed at the lower end of an inner cavity of the cap opening shell 3, the lower end surface of the insulation plate 2 contacts with the upper surface of the first protrusion, and the contact surface of the first protrusion and the first protrusion is horizontally disposed; the tip end face of the first bulge is an inclined plane with the same taper as the inner cavity face of the heat insulation plate 2 and is flush with the inner cavity face of the heat insulation plate 2; the lower surface of the first protrusion is a rounded surface or a chamfered surface. The cap shell 3 is generally made of cast iron, and accordingly, the first protrusion is made of cast iron, and preferably, the first protrusion and the cap shell 3 are designed to be of an integral structure. First arch can play the transition effect in the pouring process to the lower terminal surface of heat-insulating board 2 is the plane, and 2 lower extremes of heat-insulating board no longer set up the chamfer structure, has avoided 2 lower part chamfers attenuate of former heat-insulating board like this to cause the easy damage of resistant material, lead to the problem of ingot casting defect.
For better technical effect, the preferred structural form and dimensional parameters of the first protrusion are designed as follows: the lower surface of the first bulge is a chamfer surface, one end of the chamfer surface is connected with the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell 3, and the other end of the chamfer surface is connected with the tip end surface of the first bulge; the included angle between the chamfer surface and the inner cavity surface of the cap opening shell 3 is set as alpha, and the value of the alpha is 20-50 degrees. Along the taper direction of the first bump tip face, the linear length of the first bump tip face in the direction is 10mm to 30 mm. The width of the upper surface of the first protrusion in the horizontal direction is set to be L1, and the value of L1 is 30-80 mm. The vertical height of the first protrusion is set to be L2, L2 refers to the distance between the upper end contour line and the lower end contour line of the inner cavity surface of the cap port shell 3 in the vertical plane, and L2 is 40-80 mm.
In order to form more molten steel pouring transition layers, the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell 3 is provided with second protrusions which are annularly arranged, the second protrusions are arranged in the inner cavity of the metal mold 1, and one side surface of each second protrusion is attached to the inner cavity surface of the metal mold 1.
For better technical effect, the preferred structural form and dimensional parameters of the second protrusion are designed as follows: the longitudinal section of the second bulge is trapezoidal, and one side surface of the second bulge facing the center of the inner cavity of the metal mold 1 is an inclined surface; an acute angle is formed between the inclined plane and the outer end of the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell 3, the acute angle is set to be beta, and the value of the beta is 40-70 degrees; the width of the bottom end of the second protrusion in the horizontal direction is set to be L3, the bottom end of the second protrusion is the end connected with the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell 3, and the value of L3 is 30-60 mm; the height of the second protrusion is set to be L4, L4 refers to the distance between the tip end surface of the second protrusion and the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap shell 3 in the vertical plane, and the value of L4 is 20-60 mm. The cap shell 3, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are of an integrated structure made of cast iron.
On the basis of the installation structure of the die casting cap opening shell, the invention also provides a die casting pouring method, in the pouring process, when the molten steel rises to be in contact with the cap opening shell 3, the pouring speed is reduced to 1/15-1/3 of the pouring speed of the ingot body (when the molten steel rises to be in contact with the cap opening shell 3, the pouring speed refers to the pouring speed of the cap opening). Preferably, before casting, the metal mold 1, the cap opening shell 3 and the heat insulation plate 2 are baked to 50-300 ℃; the height of the molten steel at the cap opening is 150 mm-400 mm during pouring; when pouring, the pouring speed of the ingot body is 0.1 m/s-0.5 m/s, and when the molten steel rises to be contacted with the cap opening shell 3, the pouring speed is reduced to 0.01 m/s-0.06 m/s. The thermal shock of the high-temperature molten steel to the protrusions is favorably relieved, and the service life is prolonged; meanwhile, the filling time of the cap opening is prolonged, so that the feeding effect of the cap opening is increased, and the quality of the casting blank is improved.
The invention is preferably suitable for casting blanks with rectangular sections, the cross section of the inner cavity of the metal mold 1 is rectangular, the heat insulation plates 2 are distributed in a rectangular manner, and one heat insulation plate 2 is arranged on each side of a rectangular distribution line.
Example 1: pouring 3.2t ingots of Cr12MoV steel; the implementation mode is as follows:
the lower end of the inner cavity of the cap opening shell 3 is provided with a first bulge which is annularly arranged. The dimensional parameters of the first bump are as follows: the value of L1 is 60mm, and the value of L2 is 60mm, the lower surface chamfer angle or the fillet of first arch, and the angle of alpha is 45, and the tip of first arch is a small corner cut, forms the inclined plane that flushes with the inner chamber face of heat-insulating board 2, and the length of side cut is 20mm (promptly the linear length of the tip face of first arch on its incline direction is 20 mm). The cap shell 3 and the first protrusion are of an integrated structure made of cast iron.
The cross section of the inner cavity of the metal mold 1 is rectangular, the cross section of the inner cavity of the cap opening shell 3 is also rectangular, four heat insulation plates 2 are arranged in the inner cavity of the cap opening shell 3, one heat insulation plate is arranged on each side, the bottom of each heat insulation plate 2 is placed on the upper surface of the corresponding first protrusion, and the bottom of each heat insulation plate 2 is a plane and is not provided with a chamfer.
Before casting, firstly baking the metal mold 1, the cap opening shell 3 and the heat insulation plate 2 to 60 ℃; when pouring, the pouring speed of the ingot body is 0.169m/s, and the pouring speed of the cap opening is 0.034 m/s; the height of the molten steel at the cap opening is 230mm, the cap opening shell 3 is lifted after the pouring is finished, the transition between the metal ingot body and the cap opening is good, and no quality defect exists; the yield is improved by 4 percent after rolling.
Example 2: for 4Cr13 steel, 3t ingots were cast, the embodiment was as follows:
the lower end of the inner cavity of the cap opening shell 3 is provided with a first bulge which is annularly arranged. The dimensional parameters of the first bump are as follows: the value of L1 is 35mm, and the value of L2 is 40mm, the lower surface chamfer angle or the fillet of first arch, and the angle of alpha is 40, and the pointed end of first arch is a small corner cut, forms the inclined plane that flushes with the inner chamber face of heat-insulating board 2, and the side cut is long 25mm (promptly the linear length of the pointed end face of first arch on its incline direction is 25 mm).
The lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell 3 is provided with second bulges which are annularly arranged, the second bulges are arranged in the inner cavity of the metal mold 1, and one side surface of each second bulge is attached to the inner cavity surface of the metal mold 1; the longitudinal section of the second bulge is trapezoidal, and the size parameters are as follows: the height L4 takes the value 30mm, the width L3 takes the value 50mm, and the angle β is 40 °.
The cap shell 3, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are of an integrated structure made of cast iron.
The cross section of the inner cavity of the metal mold 1 is rectangular, the cross section of the inner cavity of the cap opening shell 3 is also rectangular, four heat insulation plates 2 are arranged in the inner cavity of the cap opening shell 3, one heat insulation plate is arranged on each side, the bottom of each heat insulation plate 2 is placed on the upper surface of the corresponding first protrusion, and the bottom of each heat insulation plate 2 is a plane and is not provided with a chamfer.
Before casting, firstly baking the metal mold 1, the cap opening shell 3 and the heat insulation plate 2-40 ℃; the height of molten steel at the pouring cap opening is 250 mm; when pouring, the pouring speed of the ingot body is 0.169m/s, and the pouring speed of the cap opening is 0.038 m/s; after the pouring is finished, the cap opening shell 3 is lifted, the transition between the metal ingot body and the cap opening is good, and no quality defect exists; the yield is improved by 5 percent after rolling.
Claims (8)
1. Die casting cap mouth shell mounting structure, including metal mould (1) and cap mouth, the cap mouth sets up the upper end at metal mould (1) with separable mode, and the cap mouth is including lieing in its inside heat-insulating shield (2) and lie in its outside cap mouth shell (3), and the outside extension of cap mouth shell (3) lower extreme forms the installation base that the level was arranged, its characterized in that: the lower end of the inner cavity of the cap opening shell (3) is provided with first bulges which are annularly arranged, the lower end surface of the heat insulation plate (2) is in contact with the upper surfaces of the first bulges, and the contact surfaces of the first bulges and the second bulges are horizontally arranged; the tip end face of the first bulge is an inclined plane with the same taper as the inner cavity face of the heat insulation plate (2) and is flush with the inner cavity face of the heat insulation plate (2); the lower surface of the first bulge is a rounded surface or a chamfer surface; the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell (3) is provided with second bulges which are annularly arranged, the second bulges are arranged in the inner cavity of the metal mold (1), and one side surface of each second bulge is attached to the inner cavity surface of the metal mold (1); the longitudinal section of the second bulge is trapezoidal, and one side surface of the second bulge facing the center of the inner cavity of the metal mold (1) is an inclined surface; an acute angle is formed between the inclined plane and the outer end of the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell (3), the acute angle is set to be beta, and the value of the beta is 40-70 degrees; the width of the bottom end of the second protrusion in the horizontal direction is set to be L3, the bottom end of the second protrusion is the end connected with the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell (3), and the value of L3 is 30-60 mm; the height of the second protrusion is set to be L4, L4 refers to the distance between the tip end surface of the second protrusion and the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap shell (3) in the vertical plane, and the value of L4 is 20-60 mm.
2. The die cast cap port housing mounting structure of claim 1, wherein: the lower surface of the first bulge is a chamfer surface, one end of the chamfer surface is connected with the lower surface of the mounting base of the cap opening shell (3), and the other end of the chamfer surface is connected with the tip end surface of the first bulge; the included angle between the chamfer surface and the inner cavity surface of the cap opening shell (3) is set as alpha, and the value of the alpha is 20-50 degrees.
3. The die cast cap port housing mounting structure of claim 1, wherein: along the taper direction of the first bump tip face, the linear length of the first bump tip face in the direction is 10mm to 30 mm.
4. The die cast cap port housing mounting structure of claim 1, wherein: the width of the upper surface of the first protrusion in the horizontal direction is set to be L1, and the value of L1 is 30-80 mm.
5. The die cast cap port housing mounting structure of claim 1, wherein: the vertical height of the first protrusion is set to be L2, L2 refers to the distance between the upper end contour line and the lower end contour line of the inner cavity surface of the cap opening shell (3) on the vertical plane, and L2 is 40-80 mm.
6. The die cast cap port housing mounting structure of claim 1, wherein: the hat opening shell (3), the first protrusion and the second protrusion are of an integrated structure made of cast iron.
7. The die casting pouring method is characterized in that: the molding cap housing-mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is employed, and comprises the steps of: in the casting process, when the molten steel rises to be in contact with the cap opening shell (3), the casting speed is reduced to 1/15-1/3 of the casting speed of the ingot body.
8. A die casting method according to claim 7, wherein: before casting, firstly baking the metal mold (1), the cap opening shell (3) and the heat insulation plate (2) to 50-300 ℃; the height of the molten steel at the cap opening is 150 mm-400 mm during pouring; when pouring, the pouring speed of the ingot body is 0.1-0.5 m/s, and when the molten steel rises to be contacted with the cap opening shell (3), the pouring speed is reduced to 0.01-0.06 m/s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010322877.8A CN111390127B (en) | 2020-04-22 | 2020-04-22 | Die casting cap port shell mounting structure and die casting pouring method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010322877.8A CN111390127B (en) | 2020-04-22 | 2020-04-22 | Die casting cap port shell mounting structure and die casting pouring method |
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| CN111390127A CN111390127A (en) | 2020-07-10 |
| CN111390127B true CN111390127B (en) | 2021-10-22 |
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| US3612471A (en) * | 1969-10-13 | 1971-10-12 | Universal Refractories Corp | Turnable hot top and lifting fork |
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