CN111387226B - Biopesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Biopesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biopesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis, which relates to the technical field of pest mite biopesticide prevention and treatment, and comprises a component A and a component B; the component A comprises: bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil, eugenol; the component B comprises: radix Stemonae, rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, radix Sophorae Flavescentis, cortex Dictamni Radicis, radix Rumicis Japonici, and radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae. The method combines microbial pesticide, mineral pesticide and plant pesticide for preventing and treating the tetranychus viennensis, has better preventing and treating effect compared with the existing chemical pesticide, does not produce toxic action on natural enemies of the tetranychus viennensis, chrysopa perla, ladybug, predatory mites and the like, does not cause pesticide residue on fruits, does not harm human health, and can reduce pollution to water environment and soil environment near an orchard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pest mite biopesticide control, and particularly relates to a biopesticide composition for controlling tetranychus viennensis, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The hawthorn leaf mites belong to arachnidae, euacariales, tetranychidae and tetranychidae, are commonly called hawthorn red mites, are important harmful mites damaging pome and stone fruit trees, have wide host plants, comprise hawthorn, apple, amomum tsao-ko, apricot, peach, pear, plum, crabapple, cherry, oak and the like, and are the most seriously damaged by rosaceous fruit trees. The tetranychus viennensis has the habit of silking and netting, mainly harms leaves, young shoots and calyx, destroys stomata structure, palisade tissue and chloroplast, makes the tree body perform abnormally in physiology, influences yield, and seriously influences the flower bud differentiation and yield in the next year. Tetranychus viennensis is one of the main pest mites of deciduous fruit trees in China, is particularly seriously harmful in apple orchards in northern China, and is one of the main pest mites in orchard production.
At present, chemical pesticides are mainly used for preventing and controlling the tetranychus viennensis, but long-term unreasonable use of the pesticides not only causes environmental pollution and causes the pest mites to be more pounded, but also can enable the pest mites to generate drug resistance and reduce the sensitivity of the pest mites to drugs; in addition, the large amount of chemical pesticide spraying can cause the pesticide residue of the fruits to exceed the standard, and the health of eaters is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, one of the technical schemes adopted by the invention is as follows: a biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises a component A and a component B;
the component A comprises: bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil, eugenol;
the component B comprises: radix Stemonae, rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong, radix Sophorae Flavescentis, cortex Dictamni Radicis, radix Rumicis Japonici, and radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae.
Further, the composition comprises a component A and a component B;
the component A comprises: 50-150 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 40-80 parts of mineral oil and 40-80 parts of eugenol;
the component B comprises: 50-100 parts of radix stemonae, 30-70 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 30-70 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 20-50 parts of cortex dictamni, 20-50 parts of radix rumicis japonicae and 20-50 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu;
the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1-3: 1.
Still further, the composition includes an a-component and a B-component;
the component A comprises: 80-120 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 50-70 parts of mineral oil and 50-70 parts of eugenol;
the component B comprises: 60-80 parts of radix stemonae, 40-60 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 40-60 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 30-40 parts of cortex dictamni, 30-40 parts of radix rumicis japonicae and 30-40 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu;
the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 2: 1.
Still further, the composition includes an a-component and a B-component;
the component A comprises: 100 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 60 parts of mineral oil and 60 parts of eugenol;
the component B comprises: 70 parts of radix stemonae, 50 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 50 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 35 parts of cortex dictamni, 35 parts of radix rumicis japonicae and 35 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu;
the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: 1.
In the technical scheme, the preparation method of the biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing the radix stemonae, the ligusticum wallichii, the radix sophorae flavescentis, the cortex dictamni, the radix ruminis and the radix euphorbiae lantu in parts by weight;
s2: adding 6 times of 65% ethanol by weight, and reflux-extracting at 60-80 deg.C for 50-60 min;
s3: extracting for 3 times, filtering, collecting filtrate, and rotary steaming to obtain component B;
s4: and mixing the component B with bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil and eugenol according to the proportion to obtain the biological pesticide composition.
The second technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a biopesticide preparation for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis is available in the forms of powder, wettable powder, suspending agent, water dispersible soft granule, dry suspending agent, granule, missible oil, emulsion in water or other biopesticides.
Further, the preparation comprises the composition and the auxiliary agent in the technical scheme;
the auxiliary agent is a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a solvent, an emulsifying agent, a cosolvent, a stabilizing agent or other auxiliary materials which can be used in the production of pesticides.
The third technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an application of a biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis in apple planting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the biopesticide composition for controlling tetranychus viennensis provided by the invention combines a microbial pesticide, a mineral pesticide and a plant pesticide, is used for controlling tetranychus viennensis, has better control effect compared with the existing chemical pesticide, does not produce toxic action on natural enemy orius luteus, phlebophora, ladybug, predatory mites and the like of the tetranychus viennensis, can also reduce pesticide residues on the surfaces of fruits, reduce harm of the pesticide residues to human health, and also reduce pollution to water environment and soil environment near an orchard.
Bacillus thuringiensis can generate parasporal crystals and exotoxin, can prevent tetranychus crataegus from eating, so that tetranychus crataegus dies due to hunger, cell wall rupture, blood septicemia and neurotoxicity, and the exotoxin can inhibit the synthesis of RNA polymerase and prevent the further propagation of the tetranychus crataegus; however, the bacillus thuringiensis also has the problems of poor quick-acting property, insensitivity to advanced larvae, short field lasting period and unstable genetic character of recombinant engineering strains when killing tetranychus vittatus; the main principle of mineral oil disinsection is that oil film is formed on the surface of tetranychus viennensis by utilizing the viscosity of the mineral oil to suffocate the tetranychus viennensis to die; in addition, the oil film of the mineral oil can also seal tentacles of adults and tender tissues of plants, so that the male and female mating is influenced, and feeding parts and spawning places are difficult to find, so that the damage and spawning of the adult and the male are reduced, and the killing efficiency of bacillus thuringiensis on tetranychidae of hawthorn can be improved by combining the mineral oil with the bacillus thuringiensis; moreover, researches show that eugenol can reduce the reproductive capacity of tetranychus crataegi and reduce the egg laying capacity by about 30%, so that the effect of killing tetranychus crataegi by combining bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil and eugenol can not only solve the current pest and disease damage problem of tetranychus crataegi, but also prolong the time for reoccurrence of the pest and disease damage of tetranychus crataegi in an orchard.
At present, both chemical pesticides and biological pesticides have the problems that after the pesticide composition is used for a long time, the Chinese hawthorn leaf mites can generate drug resistance and the sensitivity to the pesticide is reduced, but the Chinese hawthorn leaf mites contain stemona root, ligusticum wallichii, radix sophorae flavescentis, dittany bark, radix Rumicis Japonici and radix Euphorbiae Fischerianae while the bacillus thuringiensis, the mineral oil and the eugenol are used, and experiments show that the activity of multifunctional oxidase, esterase and glutathione-S transferase of the Chinese hawthorn leaf mites can be reduced after the plant extracts are combined, the sensitivity of the Chinese hawthorn leaf mites to the bacillus thuringiensis, the mineral oil and the eugenol is enhanced, so that the killing rate of the Chinese hawthorn leaf mites in apple orchards is basically 100%.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
A biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 50 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 80 parts of mineral oil, 40 parts of eugenol, 100 parts of radix stemonae, 30 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 70 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 20 parts of cortex dictamni, 50 parts of radix ruminis and 20 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing the radix stemonae, the ligusticum wallichii, the radix sophorae flavescentis, the cortex dictamni, the radix ruminis and the radix euphorbiae lantu in parts by weight;
s2: adding 6 times of 65% ethanol by weight, and reflux-extracting at 60-80 deg.C for 50-60 min;
s3: extracting for 3 times, filtering, collecting filtrate, and rotary steaming to obtain component B;
s4: and mixing the component B with bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil and eugenol according to the proportion to obtain the biological pesticide composition.
Example 2
A biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 150 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 40 parts of mineral oil, 80 parts of eugenol, 50 parts of radix stemonae, 70 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 30 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 50 parts of cortex dictamni, 20 parts of radix ruminis, and 50 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing the radix stemonae, the ligusticum wallichii, the radix sophorae flavescentis, the cortex dictamni, the radix ruminis and the radix euphorbiae lantu in parts by weight;
s2: adding 6 times of 65% ethanol by weight, and reflux-extracting at 60-80 deg.C for 50-60 min;
s3: extracting for 3 times, filtering, collecting filtrate, and rotary steaming to obtain component B;
s4: and mixing the component B with bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil and eugenol according to the proportion to obtain the biological pesticide composition.
Example 3
A biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 80 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 70 parts of mineral oil, 50 parts of eugenol, 80 parts of radix stemonae, 40 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 60 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 30 parts of cortex dictamni, 40 parts of radix ruminis and 30 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing the radix stemonae, the ligusticum wallichii, the radix sophorae flavescentis, the cortex dictamni, the radix ruminis and the radix euphorbiae lantu in parts by weight;
s2: adding 6 times of 65% ethanol by weight, and reflux-extracting at 60-80 deg.C for 50-60 min;
s3: extracting for 3 times, filtering, collecting filtrate, and rotary steaming to obtain component B;
s4: and mixing the component B with bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil and eugenol according to the proportion to obtain the biological pesticide composition.
Example 4
A biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 120 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 50 parts of mineral oil, 70 parts of eugenol, 60 parts of radix stemonae, 60 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 40 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 40 parts of cortex dictamni, 30 parts of radix ruminis and 40 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing the radix stemonae, the ligusticum wallichii, the radix sophorae flavescentis, the cortex dictamni, the radix ruminis and the radix euphorbiae lantu in parts by weight;
s2: adding 6 times of 65% ethanol by weight, and reflux-extracting at 60-80 deg.C for 50-60 min;
s3: extracting for 3 times, filtering, collecting filtrate, and rotary steaming to obtain component B;
s4: and mixing the component B with bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil and eugenol according to the proportion to obtain the biological pesticide composition.
Example 5
A biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 100 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 60 parts of mineral oil, 60 parts of eugenol, 70 parts of radix stemonae, 50 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 50 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 35 parts of cortex dictamni, 35 parts of radix ruminis, and 35 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing the radix stemonae, the ligusticum wallichii, the radix sophorae flavescentis, the cortex dictamni, the radix ruminis and the radix euphorbiae lantu in parts by weight;
s2: adding 6 times of 65% ethanol by weight, and reflux-extracting at 60-80 deg.C for 50-60 min;
s3: extracting for 3 times, filtering, collecting filtrate, and rotary steaming to obtain component B;
s4: and mixing the component B with bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil and eugenol according to the proportion to obtain the biological pesticide composition.
Example 6
A biological pesticide powder for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 50 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 80 parts of mineral oil, 40 parts of eugenol, 100 parts of radix stemonae, 30 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 70 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 20 parts of cortex dictamni, 50 parts of radix ruminis and 20 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: extracting the stemona root, the ligusticum wallichii, the radix sophorae flavescentis, the cortex dictamni, the rumex japonicus and the radix euphorbiae ebracteolatae in parts by weight by adopting the preparation method of the embodiment 1, crushing, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, and mixing with the bacillus thuringiensis, the mineral oil and the eugenol in parts by weight to obtain powder.
Experimental example 7
A biopesticide wettable powder for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 150 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 40 parts of mineral oil, 80 parts of eugenol, 50 parts of radix stemonae, 70 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 30 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 50 parts of cortex dictamni, 20 parts of radix ruminis, 50 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu, 45 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 400 parts of kaolin.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: extracting the stemona root, the ligusticum wallichii, the radix sophorae flavescentis, the cortex dictamni, the rumex japonicus and the radix euphorbiae ebracteolatae in parts by weight by the preparation method of the embodiment 2, crushing, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, mixing with the bacillus thuringiensis, the mineral oil, the eugenol, the sodium dodecyl sulfate and the kaolin in parts by weight, grinding and crushing to prepare the wettable powder.
Example 9
A biopesticide granule for controlling tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 80 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 70 parts of mineral oil, 50 parts of eugenol, 80 parts of radix stemonae, 40 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 60 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 30 parts of cortex dictamni, 40 parts of radix ruminis, 30 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu and 70 parts of starch.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: extracting the stemona root, the ligusticum wallichii, the radix sophorae flavescentis, the cortex dictamni, the rumex japonicus and the radix euphorbiae ebracteolatae in parts by weight by the preparation method of the embodiment 3, crushing, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, mixing with the bacillus thuringiensis, the mineral oil and the eugenol in parts by weight, adding the starch water solution, and granulating to obtain the granules.
Comparative example 1
A biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 80 parts of mineral oil, 40 parts of eugenol, 100 parts of radix stemonae, 30 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 70 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 20 parts of cortex dictamni, 50 parts of radix ruminis and 20 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1
Comparative example 2
A biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 150 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 80 parts of eugenol, 50 parts of radix stemonae, 70 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 30 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 50 parts of cortex dictamni, 20 parts of radix ruminis and 50 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 2
Comparative example 3
A biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 80 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 70 parts of mineral oil, 80 parts of radix stemonae, 40 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 60 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 30 parts of cortex dictamni, 40 parts of radix ruminis and 30 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 3
Comparative example 4
A biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 120 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 50 parts of mineral oil and 70 parts of eugenol.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: directly mixed with
Comparative example 5
A biological pesticide composition for preventing and treating tetranychus viennensis comprises the following components: 70 parts of radix stemonae, 50 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 50 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 35 parts of cortex dictamni, 35 parts of radix rumicis japonicae and 35 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: same extraction method as in example 5
Experimental example 1
Testing insect sources:
indoor population of tetranychus viennensis is collected from orchards in Lin \29463inTanshina province in 2018, and is raised in indoor artificial climate boxes by a sponge leaf disc method to the present.
The test method comprises the following steps:
picking fresh apple leaves without pesticide application from an apple orchard, cleaning and airing, soaking in the test medicament of the embodiment for 1min, taking out and airing; dividing into 10 experimental groups, treating 10 leaves in each group, wherein five groups are soaked by the composition of examples 1-5, the other five groups are soaked by the composition of comparative examples 1-5, the soaking concentration is 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 times of the composition, 20 female adult mites of the tetranychus viennensis are connected to the back of each leaf, and the control effect of the pesticide on the tetranychus viennensis is measured; the leaves were placed in a petri dish with a diameter of 10cm and moistened with a moistened sponge.
And (4) statistics of test results:
and (4) observing and counting the number of dead insects in each group under a microscope after the test 1d, lightly touching the test insects with a dissecting needle, and judging the test insects as dead insects if no response exists. The corrected mortality was calculated using equation (1).
The
The results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 test of the efficacy of the different examples on female adult mite of Tetranychus viennensis
As can be seen from table 1 above, the composition of the present invention has a killing rate of 100% for spider mites of hawthorn through the combined use of bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil, eugenol, stemona root, ligusticum wallichii, sophora flavescens, cortex dictamni, rumex japonicus, and radix euphorbiae ebracteolatae.
Experimental example 2
Randomly selecting 5 apple orchards in the county of the city just-29463in Shanxi province, randomly selecting 10 adjacent apple trees in each apple orchard to serve as an experimental area, digging a 0.5m groove around each area and arranging a fence to prevent Hawthorn leaf mites on nearby apple trees from influencing the experimental area, randomly counting 50 leaves in each area, counting the number of mites in each area by using a microscopic examination method, then spraying 500 times of the biological pesticide composition of the embodiment 1-5, spraying the biological pesticide composition to the front and back surfaces of the leaves to be completely wetted, spraying the biological pesticide composition once every 7 days, continuously spraying the composition for four weeks, counting the number of mites every time every spraying day, and finding a result in a table 2:
TABLE 2 statistics of field experimental results for tetranychus urticae in apple orchard
As can be seen from table 2, after the biopesticide composition of the embodiment of the present invention is sprayed 4 times in an apple orchard, the killing rate of tetranychus crataegi is 100%, and later observation shows that only 1 of 50 apple trees sprayed with the biopesticide composition of the embodiment of the present invention has tetranychus crataegi harm again in the middle 7 months, and none of the other 49 apple trees has tetranychus crataegi harm to fruit harvest.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A biopesticide composition for controlling tetranychus viennensis is characterized by comprising a component A and a component B;
the component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-150 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 40-80 parts of mineral oil and 40-80 parts of eugenol;
the component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of radix stemonae, 30-70 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 30-70 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 20-50 parts of cortex dictamni, 20-50 parts of radix rumicis japonicae and 20-50 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu;
the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1-3: 1;
the preparation method of the composition comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing the radix stemonae, the ligusticum wallichii, the radix sophorae flavescentis, the cortex dictamni, the radix ruminis and the radix euphorbiae lantu in parts by weight;
s2: adding 6 times of 65% ethanol by weight, and reflux-extracting at 60-80 deg.C for 50-60 min;
s3: extracting for 3 times, filtering, collecting filtrate, and rotary steaming to obtain component B;
s4: and mixing the component B with bacillus thuringiensis, mineral oil and eugenol according to the proportion to obtain the biological pesticide composition.
2. The biopesticide composition for controlling tetranychus crataegi according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises a component a and a component B;
the component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 50-70 parts of mineral oil and 50-70 parts of eugenol;
the component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of radix stemonae, 40-60 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 40-60 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 30-40 parts of cortex dictamni, 30-40 parts of radix rumicis japonicae and 30-40 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu;
the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 2: 1.
3. The biopesticide composition for controlling tetranychus crataegi according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises a component a and a component B;
the component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 60 parts of mineral oil and 60 parts of eugenol;
the component B comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70 parts of radix stemonae, 50 parts of ligusticum wallichii, 50 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 35 parts of cortex dictamni, 35 parts of radix rumicis japonicae and 35 parts of radix euphorbiae lantu;
the mass ratio of the component A to the component B is 1: 1.
4. A formulation comprising the biopesticide composition for controlling tetranychus crataegi as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the formulation is in the form of wettable powder, suspension, granule, emulsion in water or other applicable formulation of biopesticide.
5. A formulation according to claim 4, comprising a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and an adjuvant;
the auxiliary agent is a wetting agent, a dispersing agent, a solvent, an emulsifying agent, a cosolvent or other auxiliary materials which can be used in the production of pesticides.
6. Use of the biopesticide composition for controlling tetranychus crataegi as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3 in apple cultivation.
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| CN108200923A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-26 | 营口富里实业有限公司 | A kind of botanical pesticide for preventing acarid |
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| CN108200923A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-26 | 营口富里实业有限公司 | A kind of botanical pesticide for preventing acarid |
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