CN111382055A - Automatic unit testing method and device based on unified description language - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides an automatic unit testing method and device based on a unified description language, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an initial test case compiled by using a uniform description language, and acquiring a target language type according to the initial test case; converting the initial test case into a target test case which accords with the target language type; and loading the tested code and the target test case, and executing the target test case to test the tested code. According to the automatic unit testing method and device based on the unified description language, the initial test case compiled by the unified description language is converted into the target test case with the same type as the tested code language, and then the test is executed, so that the compiling language of the test case is unified, developers and testers can realize the tests of different languages only by knowing one language, the maintenance cost of unit testing is saved, the transplanting capability of the test case in different languages is enhanced, and the universality of a unit testing framework is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of software testing, in particular to an automatic unit testing method and device based on a unified description language.
Background
The automated testing framework is a framework applied to automated testing. By definition of the framework, the automated testing framework either provides a reusable base automated testing module, such as: selenium, watir, etc., which mainly provide the most basic automated testing functions, such as opening a program, simulating a mouse and a keyboard to click or operate a tested object, and finally verifying the property of the tested object to judge the correctness of the program; or architectural modules that can provide automated test execution and management functions, such as: the Phoenix Framework, robot, STAF and the like do not provide basic automatic test support, are only used for organizing, managing and executing independent automatic test cases, and count test results after the test is completed.
After micro services are started, enterprises adopt a micro service mode to develop projects in a large amount, but because the micro services are developed in a mixed mode of multiple languages, the languages of different service units in the micro services are different, and the direct influence is that enterprise testers need to maintain multiple sets of unit testing frames with different languages. Enterprises adopt a large number of unit test frames of different languages, which causes confusion to a certain extent. Moreover, the tester needs to master the unit test frames of multiple languages, and it is a burden to learn the unit test frames bound to different languages in a busy test work.
The root cause of the above phenomenon is that the existing unit test framework is strongly bound to the language. For example, the unit test framework junit of the Java language is difficult to be applied to the test of the php code, and the unit test framework of the Python language is also difficult to be applied to the perl code test.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the existing unit testing framework is strongly bound with the language, the embodiment of the invention provides an automatic unit testing method and device based on a unified description language.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automation unit testing method based on a unified description language, where the method includes: a language adaptation step, namely acquiring an initial test case compiled by using a unified description language, and acquiring a target language type according to the initial test case; a script conversion step, converting the initial test case into a target test case conforming to the target language type according to the target language type; and a loading execution step, loading the tested code and the target test case, and executing the target test case to test the tested code.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automation unit testing apparatus based on a unified description language, where the apparatus includes: the language adaptation module is used for acquiring an initial test case compiled by using a unified description language and acquiring a target language type according to the initial test case; the script conversion module is used for converting the initial test case into a target test case which accords with the target language type according to the target language type; and the loading execution module is used for loading the tested code and the target test case, and executing the target test case to test the tested code.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the method provided in the first aspect when executing the program.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method as provided in the first aspect.
According to the automatic unit testing method and device based on the unified description language, the initial test case compiled by the unified description language is converted into the target test case with the same type as the tested code language, and then the test is executed, so that the compiling language of the test case is unified, developers and testers can realize the tests of different languages only by knowing one language, the maintenance cost of unit testing is saved, the transplanting capability of the test case in different languages is enhanced, and the universality of a unit testing framework is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a unified description language based automated unit testing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a unified description language based automated unit testing method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an automated unit testing apparatus based on a unified description language according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic physical structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a unified description language based automation unit testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
101, a language adaptation step, namely acquiring an initial test case compiled by using a unified description language, and acquiring a target language type according to the initial test case;
the automation unit testing device based on the unified description language acquires an initial test case written by the unified description language, and the acquisition of the initial test case written by the unified description language can be realized by receiving the input initial test case or automatically generating the test case. The test case is written by using a preset uniform description language, and the uniform description language is a uniform and consistent description language. The test cases are all compiled by adopting a preset uniform description language, so that the unification of the compiling languages of the test cases is realized.
The description language has the obvious advantages of convenient understanding, perfect function, reliable performance, simple code and easy conversion into other various script languages. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention writes the initial test script through the preset uniform description language.
And after the initial test case is obtained, obtaining a target language type according to the initial test case. The target language type refers to java, python, C #, etc. The initial test case includes information of the target language type, and therefore the target language type can be acquired according to the initial test case. The target language type is a language type of the code under test into which the initial test case is simulated.
102, a script conversion step, namely converting the initial test case into a target test case conforming to the target language type according to the target language type;
the initial test case written by the uniform description language can not be directly used for testing, but should be converted into a test case which is consistent with the language type of the code to be tested according to the language type of the code to be tested, namely the target test case, so as to realize the testing.
Therefore, after the target language type is obtained, the initial test case is converted into the target test case which conforms to the target language type according to the target language type, so as to be consistent with the language type of the code to be tested.
103, loading an execution step, loading a tested code and the target test case, and executing the target test case to test the tested code;
the target language type of the target test case is consistent with the tested code, and the target test case can be used for testing the tested code. The tested code is generally business code written by various scripting languages and consists of functions and classes. After the target test case is generated, the tested code and the target test case are loaded, and the target test case can be executed to test the tested code. After the test is completed, a test report can be generated.
The embodiment of the invention unifies the compiling language of the test case by converting the initial test case compiled by adopting the unified description language into the target test case with the same type as the tested code language and then executing the test, so that the development and test personnel can realize the test of different languages only by knowing one language, thereby saving the maintenance cost of unit test, simultaneously enhancing the transplanting capability of different languages of the test case and improving the universality of a unit test framework.
Further, based on the above embodiment, the language adaptation step specifically includes: and acquiring an initial test case written by using a uniform description language, and acquiring the target language type according to a language type description statement in the initial test case.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining an initial test case written by using a unified description language, wherein the initial test case comprises information of a target language type, and obtaining the target language type according to the initial test case. Specifically, the information of the target language type may be embodied in a language type description statement in the initial test case. The information of the target language type may be provided by setting a statement for describing the target language type, i.e., the language type describing the statement. The language type description statement can set a specific mark or position to facilitate acquisition.
Therefore, the target language type can be obtained according to the language type description statement in the initial test case. The language type description statement is contained in the initial test case, so that the setting and the obtaining are convenient, an additional test management module is not required to be added, and the cost is reduced.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention obtains the target language type according to the language type description statement in the initial test case, thereby improving the test efficiency and reducing the test cost.
Further, based on the above embodiment, the load executing step specifically includes: and loading the tested code and the target test case by calling a virtual machine corresponding to the target language type, and executing the target test case to test the tested code.
When the tested code and the target test case are loaded and the target test case is executed to test the tested code, the tested code and the target test case can be loaded by calling a virtual machine corresponding to the target language type, and the target test case is executed to test the tested code.
For example, a JVM (Java Virtual Machine) is used to load a code under test and a target test case in Java language, a python.
Because the virtual machine of the corresponding language can load and execute the corresponding code, the tested code and the target test case are loaded by calling the virtual machine corresponding to the target language type, and the target test case is executed to test the tested code, a loader and an actuator do not need to be written by oneself, the unit test cost is greatly saved, and the test reliability is ensured by utilizing mature technology.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, the target test case is executed to test the code to be tested by calling the virtual machine corresponding to the target language type to load the code to be tested and the target test case, so that the unit test cost is reduced, and the test reliability is improved.
Further, based on the above embodiment, the unified description language includes one or more of an XML language, a DSL language, and a custom description language.
The unified description language may be a commonly used description language, such as an XML language, a DSL language, and the like. The unified description language may also be a custom description language, and a description language specially designed for unit testing is used as the unified description language.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the unified description language in the embodiment of the present invention includes an XML language, a DSL language, and a custom description language, which improves the flexibility of writing the initial test case.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a unified description language based automated unit testing method according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the flow of the automated unit testing method based on the unified description language provided in the embodiment of the present invention is mainly divided into three sub-flows, which are a framework initialization sub-flow, a use case initialization sub-flow, and a use case execution sub-flow.
And in the framework initialization sub-process, reading the configuration file and carrying out framework initialization, and exiting when an error occurs.
Initializing a sub-process in a case, and acquiring an initial case (initial test case); acquiring a target language type according to the initial use case; and converting the initial use case into a target use case (target test case) conforming to the target language type according to the target language type, thereby generating the target use case.
And loading the target case, verifying whether grammar errors exist, analyzing the target case if the grammar errors do not exist, and then loading the tested code, thereby preparing for testing.
And returning to obtain the next initial case as long as the execution fails in any step of generating the target case, loading the target case, verifying the grammar, analyzing the target case and loading the tested code.
And in the case execution sub-process, executing the target case and the assertion, storing the test result, and outputting a test report after all tests are finished. And if an error occurs in the process of executing the target use case or executing the assertion, storing the result, outputting the report and exiting.
The embodiment of the invention can save the learning cost of development and testing personnel on the testing framework to the greatest extent, improve the portability of different languages of the testing case, realize one-time writing and multi-language operation and realize the function of unit testing of the cross-programming language.
An example of a test case written using a description language is as follows:
the interface part describes the tested object, and the cases part describes the test case. The class and function of the test can be specified through the interface, and the name of the test case can be specified through the name.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an automated unit testing apparatus based on a unified description language according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the apparatus includes a language adaptation module 10, a script conversion module 20, and a load execution module 30, wherein:
the language adaptation module 10 is used for acquiring an initial test case written by using a unified description language and acquiring a target language type according to the initial test case;
the language adaptation module 10 obtains the initial test case written by using the unified description language, and the obtaining of the initial test case written by using the unified description language can be realized by receiving the input initial test case or automatically generating the test case. After the language adaptation module 10 obtains the initial test case, a target language type is obtained according to the initial test case. The initial test case includes information of the target language type, and therefore, the language adaptation module 10 can obtain the target language type according to the initial test case. The target language type is a language type of the code under test into which the initial test case is simulated.
The script conversion module 20 is configured to convert the initial test case into a target test case conforming to the target language type according to the target language type;
after the language adaptation module 10 obtains the target language type, the script conversion module 20 converts the initial test case into a target test case conforming to the target language type according to the target language type, so as to be consistent with the language type of the code to be tested.
The load execution module 30 is configured to load a tested code and the target test case, and execute the target test case to test the tested code.
After the target test case is generated, the load execution module 30 loads the tested code and the target test case, so that the target test case can be further executed to test the tested code. After the test is completed, a test report can be generated.
The embodiment of the invention unifies the compiling language of the test case by converting the initial test case compiled by adopting the unified description language into the target test case with the same type as the tested code language and then executing the test, so that the development and test personnel can realize the test of different languages only by knowing one language, thereby saving the maintenance cost of unit test, simultaneously enhancing the transplanting capability of different languages of the test case and improving the universality of a unit test framework.
Further, based on the above embodiment, when the language adaptation module 10 is configured to obtain the target language type according to the initial test case, specifically: and acquiring the target language type according to the language type description statement in the initial test case.
The information of the target language type may be embodied in a language type description statement in the initial test case. A statement for describing a target language type, i.e., the language type describing the statement, may be set to provide information of the target language type. Therefore, the language adaptation module 10 may obtain the target language type according to the language type description statement in the initial test case.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention obtains the target language type according to the language type description statement in the initial test case, thereby improving the test efficiency and reducing the test cost.
Further, based on the above embodiment, when the load execution module 30 is configured to load the code to be tested and the target test case, and execute the target test case to test the code to be tested, specifically: and loading the tested code and the target test case by calling a virtual machine corresponding to the target language type, and executing the target test case to test the tested code.
When the load execution module 30 loads the code to be tested and the target test case and executes the target test case to test the code to be tested, the load execution module may load the code to be tested and the target test case by calling a virtual machine corresponding to the target language type, and execute the target test case to test the code to be tested.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, the target test case is executed to test the code to be tested by calling the virtual machine corresponding to the target language type to load the code to be tested and the target test case, so that the unit test cost is reduced, and the test reliability is improved.
Further, based on the above embodiment, the unified description language includes one or more of an XML language, a DSL language, and a custom description language.
The unified description language may be a commonly used description language, such as an XML language, a DSL language, and the like. The unified description language may also be a custom description language.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the unified description language in the embodiment of the present invention includes an XML language, a DSL language, and a custom description language, which improves the flexibility of writing the initial test case.
The apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention is used for the method, and specific functions may refer to the method flow described above, which is not described herein again.
Fig. 4 is a schematic physical structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor)410, a communication Interface 420, a memory (memory)430 and a communication bus 440, wherein the processor 410, the communication Interface 420 and the memory 430 are communicated with each other via the communication bus 440. The processor 410 may call logic instructions in the memory 430 to perform the following method: a language adaptation step, namely acquiring an initial test case compiled by using a unified description language, and acquiring a target language type according to the initial test case; a script conversion step, converting the initial test case into a target test case conforming to the target language type according to the target language type; and a loading execution step, loading the tested code and the target test case, and executing the target test case to test the tested code.
In addition, the logic instructions in the memory 430 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the software functional units are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automated unit testing method based on a unified description language is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a language adaptation step, namely acquiring an initial test case compiled by using a unified description language, and acquiring a target language type according to the initial test case;
a script conversion step, converting the initial test case into a target test case conforming to the target language type according to the target language type;
and a loading execution step, loading the tested code and the target test case, and executing the target test case to test the tested code.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said language adaptation step comprises in particular:
and acquiring an initial test case written by using a uniform description language, and acquiring the target language type according to a language type description statement in the initial test case.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the load executing step specifically comprises:
and loading the tested code and the target test case by calling a virtual machine corresponding to the target language type, and executing the target test case to test the tested code.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the unified description language comprises one or more of an XML language, a DSL language, and a custom description language.
5. An automated unit testing apparatus based on a unified description language, comprising:
the language adaptation module is used for acquiring an initial test case compiled by using a unified description language and acquiring a target language type according to the initial test case;
the script conversion module is used for converting the initial test case into a target test case which accords with the target language type according to the target language type;
and the loading execution module is used for loading the tested code and the target test case, and executing the target test case to test the tested code.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the language adaptation module, when configured to obtain the target language type according to the initial test case, is specifically configured to:
and acquiring the target language type according to the language type description statement in the initial test case.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the load execution module, when configured to load a code under test and the target test case and execute the target test case to test the code under test, is specifically configured to:
and loading the tested code and the target test case by calling a virtual machine corresponding to the target language type, and executing the target test case to test the tested code.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the unified description language comprises one or more of an XML language, a DSL language, and a custom description language.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 4 are implemented when the processor executes the program.
10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN111858348A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-30 | 深圳慕智科技有限公司 | Test data measurement method based on neural network output vector |
| CN111858341A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-30 | 深圳慕智科技有限公司 | Test data measurement method based on neuron coverage |
| CN112463634A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-09 | 中国人民银行清算总中心 | Software testing method and device under micro-service architecture |
| CN112463634B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2024-03-29 | 中国人民银行清算总中心 | Software testing method and device under micro-service architecture |
| CN113010358A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | LTPB (Low temperature pluggable) bus detection device applied to avionics system and method for testing flow description language of LTPB bus detection device |
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