CN111381114A - Method and system for conducting medium by using mixed field equivalent infinite boundary - Google Patents
Method and system for conducting medium by using mixed field equivalent infinite boundary Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for equivalent infinite boundary conducting medium by using a mixed field, which utilize the finite boundary conducting medium and a resistance network to form the mixed field, simulate the infinite boundary conducting medium field, measure the electric field distribution of a proportional charged model of a target to be measured under the condition of the mixed field, and obtain the electric field distribution of the target to be measured under the infinite boundary. The design method comprises an electrode system minimum node number design principle, a resistance network parameter design principle and an effectiveness evaluation method based on standard electrodes. The experimental system built according to the design method can effectively measure the electric field distribution of the large-size device under a relatively large boundary, and is suitable for various conducting media. Compared with analytic derivation, the method has the advantages that the test is carried out by utilizing the scaled model of the target to be measured, the measured electric field data is closer to the actual working condition, and the error is smaller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric field measurement, and particularly relates to a method and a system for conducting a medium by using a mixed field equivalent infinite boundary.
Background
With the deep research on the electric field, the theory of the electric field is mature, and a series of researches on the electric field characteristics of large-size objects in infinite half space, such as the electric field of ships in seawater, are also carried out.
The part of the ship soaked in the seawater is made of different metal materials, and different metals have different chemical properties in seawater electrolytes, so that different stable electrode potentials are generated, and the surface potentials of the ship body are distributed differently. Corrosion occurs with electrical connection between metals of different potentials. If the change of the electric field on the surface of the ship body caused by corrosion can be simulated, the electric field protection problem of the ship can be researched. At present, the research on ship electric fields is mostly based on mathematical model simulation means such as finite elements, boundary elements, electric dipoles and the like, and can simulate seawater environment to a certain extent, but complex structures such as a propeller-shaft in a ship body are difficult to simulate through software or a theoretical formula, and the polarization curve test data of the ship body material is difficult to obtain, so that the ship electric field has certain limitation. In addition, a physical scaling model test method is also provided, a large-size scaling model of the ship is directly placed in a water tank filled with seawater electrolyte to perform experimental measurement on electric field data, the boundary of the water tank in the method can influence the electric field of the ship, the actual infinite half-space seawater environment cannot be completely simulated, and the method has certain limitation.
Therefore, the method for researching the mixed field equivalent infinite boundary conducting medium in the field of measuring the electric field characteristics in infinite half space such as the ship electric field has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for conducting a medium by using a mixed field equivalent infinite boundary, and aims to solve the problems of complex calculation process and large error of an analytic method when the electric field distribution of a large-size object in an infinite half space is required to be obtained.
To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of conducting a medium with a mixed field equivalent infinite boundary, comprising: and forming a mixed field by using the finite boundary conducting medium and the resistance network, simulating the field of the infinite boundary conducting medium, and measuring the electric field distribution of the electrified model of the target to be measured in proportion under the condition of the mixed field to obtain the electric field distribution of the target to be measured under the infinite boundary. The aim is to equate to a multiple or even tens of actual boundaries with a small size of the mixing boundary.
Further, the resistance network includes n nodes connected to the electrode plate, the number of the nodes satisfies the minimum node number design principle, and the electric field distribution of the experimental model of the large-size device in the actual infinite boundary conducting medium is analyzed and drawn by adopting electromagnetic field numerical calculation software, such as ANSYSMaxwell, Comsol Multiphysics and the like, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
(2.1) in the infinite boundary conducting medium, giving unit voltage of a target to be measured to obtain actual electric field distribution in the infinite boundary conducting medium;
(2.2) placing the electrode slice in the infinite boundary conducting medium, and repeating (2.1) to obtain the electric field distribution in the infinite boundary conducting medium;
(2.3) comparing the electric field distribution of the target to be measured before and after the electrode slice is placed, if the error is less than or equal to the maximum allowable error, the electrode slice does not influence the measurement of the electric field, and the number of nodes on the electrode slice is the minimum value n; if the error is larger than the maximum allowable error, the number of the nodes of the electrode slice needs to be increased, and the step (2.2) is returned.
Further, the resistor network includes self-resistance between each node of the resistor network and an infinite boundary and mutual resistance between adjacent nodes. The resistance value meets the design principle of resistance parameters, an electrode system consisting of n electrode plates is placed in infinite half space, only the outer side of the electrode system is uniformly distributed with a conducting medium, and the inner side of the electrode system is free of the conducting medium. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(3.1) given the same potential U for all nodes1Measuring the current I flowing from each node separatelyiThen the resistance value R of the self-resistorii＝U1/Ii；
(3.2) resetting the potential U of the node iiThe other nodes are all zero potential, and the current I flowing from the node I to the node j is respectively measuredijThe current I flowing from node I to node kikThe resistance R of the mutual resistor between the node i and the adjacent nodes j and kij＝Ui/Iij，Rik＝Ui/Ii。
Preferably, the effectiveness evaluation method for the designed conducting medium with the mixed field equivalent infinite boundary based on the standard electrode pair comprises the following steps:
a space rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the top plane of the limited boundary conducting medium space area as an xoy plane and the geometric center of the top quadrangle as an origin, and the limited space can be divided into 4 areas. Selecting standard electrodes with different shapes, such as spherical electrodes, rod electrodes and the like, and respectively measuring the electric field distribution of the standard electrodes at different area positions. When the shape of the standard electrode is unchanged and the position of the standard electrode is only changed, the measured electric field distribution in the limited space is basically the same, and the error is within the maximum allowable error range, which shows that the mixed field equivalent infinite boundary conducting medium can be used, namely, the design method can meet the measurement requirement.
To achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for conducting a medium with a mixed field equivalent infinity boundary, comprising: the mixed field domain constructing module is used for constructing a mixed field domain by utilizing a limited boundary conducting medium and a resistance network and simulating an infinite boundary conducting medium field domain;
and the mixed field equivalent module is used for measuring the electric field of the electrified model of the target to be measured scaled according to the proportion under the mixed field condition to obtain the electric field distribution of the target to be measured under the infinite boundary. The finite boundary conducting medium spatial region uniformly distributes the conducting medium for conducting electric field measurements in its finite space. And electrode plates on the four walls and the bottom of the limited boundary conducting medium space region are used for ensuring discontinuous electric potential. According to the practical application scene, when the conducting medium is changed, the related parameters of the resistance network can be calibrated and adjusted quickly, and the effectiveness of the mixed field area is ensured.
Generally, by the above technical solution conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
(1) the invention provides a test method, which adopts a mixed field composed of a finite boundary conducting medium and a resistance network to directly simulate an actual infinite boundary conducting medium field.
(2) The experimental system provided by the invention has a simple structure, the resistance value of the resistor network is only related to the conducting medium, and the experimental system can be used under various experimental conditions.
(3) The method provided by the invention can be used for measuring and analyzing the electric field of the large-size device in a laboratory environment, so that manpower and material resources are saved, and the test cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for conducting a medium by using a mixed field equivalent infinity boundary according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein reference numbers denote the following elements or structures: 1-resistor, 2-electrode plate, 3-detachable wall frame, 4-limited boundary conducting medium, 5-detachable bottom frame and 6-experimental groove;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for conducting a medium with a hybrid field equivalent infinity boundary according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a minimum node number design rule provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention provides a method and a system for conducting a medium by using a mixed field equivalent infinite boundary, aiming at constructing a reliable experimental device, simulating an electric field generated by a large-size object in an infinite half space, facilitating experimental operation and reducing measurement errors. The method comprises the following steps: and forming a mixed field by using the finite boundary conducting medium and the resistance network, simulating the field of the infinite boundary conducting medium, and measuring the electric field distribution of the electrified model of the target to be measured in proportion under the condition of the mixed field to obtain the electric field distribution of the target to be measured under the infinite boundary. The aim is to equate to a multiple or even tens of actual boundaries with a small size of the mixing boundary.
Specifically, the resistance network includes n nodes connected to the electrode sheet, the number of the nodes satisfies the minimum node number design principle, and the electric field distribution of the experimental model of the large-size device in the actual infinite boundary conducting medium is analyzed and drawn by adopting electromagnetic field numerical calculation software, such as ANSYS Maxwell, Comsol Multiphysics and the like, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
(2.1) in the infinite boundary conducting medium, giving unit voltage of a target to be measured to obtain actual electric field distribution in the infinite boundary conducting medium;
(2.2) placing the electrode slice in the infinite boundary conducting medium, and repeating (2.1) to obtain the electric field distribution in the infinite boundary conducting medium;
(2.3) comparing the electric field distribution of the target to be measured before and after the electrode slice is placed, if the error is less than or equal to the maximum allowable error, the electrode slice does not influence the measurement of the electric field, and the number of nodes on the electrode slice is the minimum value n; if the error is larger than the maximum allowable error, the number of the nodes of the electrode slice needs to be increased, and the step (2.2) is returned.
Specifically, the resistor network includes self-resistance between each node of the resistor network and an infinite boundary and mutual resistance between adjacent nodes. The resistance value meets the design principle of resistance parameters, an electrode system consisting of n electrode plates is placed in infinite half space, only the outer side of the electrode system is uniformly distributed with a conducting medium, and the inner side of the electrode system is free of the conducting medium. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(3.1) given the same potential U for all nodes1Measuring the current I flowing from each node separatelyiThen the resistance value R of the self-resistorii＝U1/Ii；
(3.2) resetting the potential U of the node iiThe other nodes are all zero potential, and the current I flowing from the node I to the node j is respectively measuredijThe current I flowing from node I to node kikThe resistance R of the mutual resistor between the node i and the adjacent nodes j and kij＝Ui/Iij，Rik＝Ui/Ii。
As shown in FIG. 1, the resistance network composed of the conducting medium and the resistor 1 in the experimental groove 6 formed by the finite boundary conducting medium space region is a mixed field region and is used for equivalent infinite boundary conducting media. The four walls and the bottom of the experimental groove are detachable frames which are uniformly distributed with electrode plates, and the electrode plates are square metal sheets with the same size and the mm-level thickness.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for conducting a medium by using a hybrid field equivalent infinity boundary according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following steps:
step S1: the dimensions of the experimental set-up were determined.
The shape of the experimental device can be selected and manufactured at will, and usually a parallelepiped experimental groove is selected, and the groove wall and the bottom are made of electric insulating materials. The size of the experimental groove is related to the required electric field measurement area, and also related to the size of the experimental model of the large-size object. In order to reduce the distortion effect of the groove wall and the bottom on the electric field of the model, the size of the experimental device is not less than 5 times of the size of the model. When the experimental cell is externally connected with a resistor network, the size of the experimental cell can be almost reduced to the size of the area in which the model electric field measurement is carried out.
Step S2: and calculating the node number n of the resistance network.
The resistance network comprises n nodes connected to the electrode plates, and the number of the electrode plates is equal to the number of the nodes. Theoretically, the more electrode plates are, the more discontinuous the potentials of the experimental groove wall and the experimental groove bottom are, and the closer the potentials are to the actual situation. In order to reduce the complexity of the experimental device and reduce the cost, the minimum electrode slice, namely the minimum number of nodes, can be selected on the premise of ensuring the effectiveness of the mixed boundary. This step can be accomplished by electromagnetic field numerical calculation software such as ansysysmaxwell, ComsolMultiphysics, and the like.
Firstly, giving unit voltage of a target to be measured in an infinite boundary conducting medium to obtain actual electric field distribution in the infinite boundary conducting medium; secondly, placing an electrode slice in the infinite-distance boundary conducting medium, and giving a unit voltage of a target to be detected to obtain electric field distribution in the infinite-distance boundary conducting medium; thirdly, comparing the electric field distribution of the target to be measured before and after placing the electrode slice, and if the error is less than or equal to the maximum allowable error, the number of nodes is the minimum value n; if the error is larger than the maximum allowable error, the number of nodes needs to be increased, and the process returns to the second step, as shown in fig. 3.
Step S3: parameters of the resistor network are set.
The resistance network is a substitute for infinite conducting media outside the experimental groove boundary, the measurement of the electric field characteristic of the model is not carried out in the range, and the equivalent resistance network consisting of discrete resistors is adopted.
The resistor network comprises the inherent resistance and all mutual resistances of discrete electrode plates, but the mutual resistance of adjacent electrode plates is large, so that the mutual resistance of non-adjacent electrode plates can be ignored, the structure of the resistor network is simplified, and the difficulty in determining the parameters of the resistor network is reduced.
This step can also be accomplished with the aid of electromagnetic field numerical calculation software, such as ANSYS Maxwell, CommolMultiphysics, and the like. The simulation model is that an electrode system consisting of n electrode plates is placed in an infinite half space, only the outer side of the electrode system is uniformly distributed with a conducting medium, and the inner side of the electrode system has no conducting medium. In a first step, all nodes are given the same potential U1Measuring the current I flowing from each node separatelyiThe resistance value R of the intrinsic resistance of the electrode plateii＝U1/Ii(ii) a Second step, resetting potential U of node iiThe other nodes are all zero potential, and the current I flowing from the node I to the node j is respectively measuredijThe current I flowing from node I to node kikThe resistance R of the mutual resistor between the node i and the adjacent nodes j and kij＝Ui/Iij，Rik＝Ui/Iik。
In another embodiment of the present invention, the electric field measurement effectiveness of the experimental device is evaluated according to the following steps:
(1) a space rectangular coordinate system is established by taking the top plane of the system experiment groove as an xoy plane and the geometric center of the top quadrilateral as an origin, and the experiment groove can be divided into 4 areas.
(2) Selecting standard electrodes with different shapes, such as spherical electrodes, rod electrodes and the like, and respectively measuring the electric field distribution of the standard electrodes at different area positions in the experimental groove.
(3) The measurement results are compared. When the shape of the standard electrode is unchanged and the position of the standard electrode is only changed, the measured electric field distribution in the groove is basically the same, and the error is within the maximum allowable error range, which shows that the experimental system can restore the electric field of a large-size device in a measurement area under a relatively large boundary, namely the performance of the experimental system can meet the measurement requirement.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for conducting a medium with a mixed-field equivalent infinity boundary, comprising the steps of:
forming a mixed field by using a finite boundary conducting medium and a resistance network, and simulating an infinite boundary conducting medium field;
and measuring the electric field of the electrified model of the target to be measured scaled according to the proportion under the condition of the mixed field to obtain the electric field distribution of the target to be measured under the infinite boundary.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the resistor network includes n nodes connected to the electrode pads, and the number of nodes satisfies a minimum node number design rule, specifically including:
(2.1) in the infinite boundary conducting medium, giving unit voltage of a target to be measured to obtain actual electric field distribution in the infinite boundary conducting medium;
(2.2) placing the electrode slice in the infinite boundary conducting medium, and repeating (2.1) to obtain the electric field distribution in the infinite boundary conducting medium;
(2.3) comparing the electric field distribution of the target to be measured before and after the electrode slice is placed, if the error is less than or equal to the maximum allowable error, the electrode slice does not influence the measurement of the electric field, and the number of nodes on the electrode slice is the minimum value n; if the error is larger than the maximum allowable error, the number of the nodes of the electrode slice needs to be increased, and the step (2.2) is returned.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the resistor network comprises self-resistance between each node of the resistor network and an infinite boundary and mutual resistance between adjacent nodes, and the design rule of the resistor parameters comprises:
(3.1) given the same potential U for all nodes1Measuring the current I flowing from each node separatelyiThen the resistance value R of the self-resistorii＝U1/Ii；
(3.2) resetting the potential U of the node iiThe other nodes are all zero potential, and the current I flowing from the node I to the node j is respectively measuredijThe current I flowing from node I to node kikThe resistance R of the mutual resistor between the node i and the adjacent nodes j and kij＝Ui/Iij，Rik＝Ui/Ii。
4. A system for conducting a medium with a mixed-field equivalent infinity boundary, comprising:
the mixed field domain constructing module is used for constructing a mixed field domain by utilizing a limited boundary conducting medium and a resistance network and simulating an infinite boundary conducting medium field domain;
and the mixed field equivalent module is used for measuring the electric field of the electrified model of the target to be measured scaled according to the proportion under the mixed field condition to obtain the electric field distribution of the target to be measured under the infinite boundary.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the resistor network in the hybrid field configuration module includes n nodes connected to the electrode slices, and the number of nodes satisfies a minimum node number design rule, specifically including:
(2.1) in the infinite boundary conducting medium, giving unit voltage of a target to be measured to obtain actual electric field distribution in the infinite boundary conducting medium;
(2.2) placing the electrode slice in the infinite boundary conducting medium, and repeating (2.1) to obtain the electric field distribution in the infinite boundary conducting medium;
(2.3) comparing the electric field distribution of the target to be measured before and after the electrode slice is placed, if the error is less than or equal to the maximum allowable error, the electrode slice does not influence the measurement of the electric field, and the number of nodes on the electrode slice is the minimum value n; if the error is larger than the maximum allowable error, the number of the nodes of the electrode slice needs to be increased, and the step (2.2) is returned.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein the resistor network in the hybrid field configuration module comprises a self-resistance between each node of the resistor network and an infinite boundary and a mutual resistance between adjacent nodes, and the design rule of the resistor parameters comprises:
(3.1) given the same potential U for all nodes1Measuring the current I flowing from each node separatelyiThen the resistance value R of the self-resistorii＝U1/Ii；
(3.2) resetting the potential U of the node iiThe other nodes are all zero potential, and the current I flowing from the node I to the node j is respectively measuredijThe current I flowing from node I to node kikThe resistance R of the mutual resistor between the node i and the adjacent nodes j and kij＝Ui/Iij，Rik＝Ui/Ii。
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