CN111380811A - Method for rapidly identifying flue-cured tobacco leaves - Google Patents
Method for rapidly identifying flue-cured tobacco leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN111380811A CN111380811A CN202010111931.4A CN202010111931A CN111380811A CN 111380811 A CN111380811 A CN 111380811A CN 202010111931 A CN202010111931 A CN 202010111931A CN 111380811 A CN111380811 A CN 111380811A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for quickly identifying flue-cured tobacco leaves. The invention comprises the following steps: 2 symmetrical points are respectively selected at the middle parts of the main vein and the leaf margin of the flue-cured tobacco leaf at the positions 1/3 and 1/2 away from the leaf tip and at the position 1/3 away from the leaf base, the surface color parameters and the reflection spectrum of the tobacco leaf are measured, and the first reciprocal of the color reflection spectrum is calculated. The lightness (L), the redness (a), the yellowness (b) and the saturation (C) amplitude of the color parameters corresponding to the completely cured tobacco leaves are respectively as follows: 50.11-54.51, 18.45-20.95, 39.38-47.84 and 43.98-51.25; the spectrum reflection first order reciprocal spectrogram of the cured tobacco leaves has an inflection point at 510nm, has a fluctuation rising trend between 510 plus 600nm, and has a fluctuation falling trend at 510 plus 600nm in other easily-confused chromatograms, thereby being used as a basis for identifying the cured tobacco leaves. The method has the advantages of high determination speed, simple discrimination standard, applicability and accurate height determination, and can be used as a basis for quickly identifying the flue-cured tobacco leaves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of appearance identification of flue-cured tobacco leaves, and particularly relates to a method for quickly identifying cured tobacco leaves.
Background
According to the provisions of GB2635-1992, flue-cured tobacco leaves are the tobacco leaves with the implantation part of the upper second shed, the field maturity reaches high maturity, and the cured tobacco leaves are fully cured after modulation. The fully cured tobacco leaves belong to one of 8 positive groups of cured tobacco leaves, and have two grades of H1F and H2F.
The well-done tobacco leaves have higher maturity, so the consumption of the content is more, and the leaf structure is loose (the normal upper leaf structure is mostly loose to be slightly dense, and the loose is mostly the structure which is usually shown by the middle and lower leaves which normally develop), and the identity is moderate (the normal orange upper tobacco leaves are mostly thick to be thick). With the increase of maturity from maturity to maturity, the oil content of tobacco leaves is in a descending trend, the oil content of the fully-ripe tobacco leaves is slight, the oily reaction of the leaf surfaces is general, and the dry feeling is revealed. In addition, because the maturity of the fully-cured tobacco leaves is higher, the mature particles on the leaf surfaces are more, the leaf color is darker, the scab and the damage are more obvious, and the fragrance smells on the leaf surfaces outstandingly.
In the aspect of visual reflection, the fully-cured tobacco leaves show obvious cured spots and granular feelings, the orange color is mainly orange, a small amount of red brown is obtained, the color uniformity and saturation are common, the color is dark, the leaf surfaces have obvious focal coke blocks, the visual color is common, and the oily reflection of the leaf surfaces is not exposed.
Although the appearance characteristics of the completely cured tobacco leaves are outstanding, the accurate identification of the completely cured tobacco leaves by means of eye-looking and hand-touching methods in the current tobacco leaf production and purchase and tobacco leaf grading processes is still difficult, the completely cured tobacco leaves are often confused with orange tobacco leaves with high maturity of the middle and upper parts, and the identification accuracy is difficult to guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the background art, the invention provides a method for quickly identifying flue-cured tobacco leaves, which is simple and quick to operate, has high accuracy, and can solve the technical barriers that the subjective factors are greatly influenced by artificial judgment, and the flue-cured tobacco leaves are independently purchased and processed for use at present.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the method for rapidly identifying the completely cured tobacco leaves comprises the following steps: 2 symmetrical points are respectively selected at the middle parts of the main vein and the leaf margin of the flue-cured tobacco leaf at the positions 1/3 and 1/2 away from the leaf tip and at the position 1/3 away from the leaf base, the surface color parameters and the reflection spectrum of the tobacco leaf are measured, and the first reciprocal of the color reflection spectrum is calculated.
Further preferably, an inflection point appears at 510nm in the first order reciprocal spectrogram of the reflection spectrum, and the trend of fluctuation between 510 and 600nm is shown, so that the tobacco leaves are judged to be completely ripe.
More preferably, the color parameters lightness (L), redness (a), yellowness (b), and saturation (C) variations are respectively: 50.11-54.51, 18.45-20.95, 39.38-47.84 and 43.98-51.25, and the tobacco leaves are judged to be completely cured.
Further preferably, the selected measuring points avoid veins, residual injury and disease spots as much as possible.
Further preferably, the first reciprocal of the color reflectance spectrum is calculated as follows: the difference between the adjacent 2 spectra is divided by the spectral interval value, which is the first reciprocal value of the first point.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method has the advantages of high determination speed, simple discrimination standard, applicability and accurate height determination, and can be used as a basis for quickly identifying the flue-cured tobacco leaves.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first order reciprocal spectrum of the average reflectance spectrum of the surface color of each color group of tobacco leaves;
FIG. 2 is a first derivative spectrum of randomly screened spot surface color reflectance spectra;
FIG. 3 is a first derivative spectrum of the average reflection spectrum of the surface color of the randomly screened tobacco lamina fully cured tobacco.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below to facilitate understanding of the skilled person.
Example 1
1. Implementation materials: the certified fully cured tobacco (HF), upper orange (BF), upper lemon (BL), middle orange (CF), middle lemon (CL), lower orange (XF) and lower lemon (XL) leaves were used as the implementation materials.
2. The identification steps are as follows: selecting 2 symmetrical points (6 points in total) at the main vein and the middle part of the leaf edge at the positions of the flue-cured tobacco leaf sheet from the leaf apex 1/3, 1/2 and the leaf base 1/3 respectively, and measuring the color parameters { lightness (L), redness (a), yellowness (b), saturation (C) and hue angle (H) of the tobacco leaf surface0) And reflectance spectra, calculating the first order reciprocal of the color reflectance spectra. Calculating the first reciprocal of the color reflectance spectrum as follows: the difference between the adjacent 2 spectra is divided by the spectral interval value of 10nm, which is the first reciprocal value of the first point.
3. And (4) analyzing results:
from table 1, the color parameter lightness (L), redness (a), yellowness (b), and saturation (C) variations of the fully cured tobacco leaves are respectively: 50.11-54.51, 18.45-20.95, 39.38-47.84 and 43.98-51.25; compared with the color parameters of the tobacco leaves in other groups, the brightness of the fully-cured tobacco leaves is obviously lower than that of the tobacco leaves in the orange and lemon groups, the redness is obviously higher than that of the tobacco leaves in the lemon group and the orange and lemon groups at the middle and lower parts, the yellowness is obviously lower than that of the tobacco leaves in the orange and lemon groups, and the saturation is obviously lower than that of the tobacco leaves in the orange and lemon groups.
TABLE 1 spatial distribution characteristics of surface color parameters of tobacco leaves of various color groups
As can be seen from fig. 1, the first derivative spectra of the orange color group and the lemon color group have 2 peaks and 1 low peak, 2 peaks are located at 510nm and 689nm, respectively, and 1 low peak is located at 650 nm. And in the 3 peaks, 1 is in a green wave band (490-560 nm) and 2 is in a red wave band (630-700 nm), which shows that the difference of the surface color spectrums of the tobacco leaves in the orange group and the lemon group is mainly concentrated in the green wave band and the red wave band. Compared with the first derivative spectrograms of other color groups, the first derivative spectrogram of the reflection spectrum of the completely cured tobacco (HF) is in a fluctuation rising trend between 510 and 600nm, and the first derivative spectrogram of the reflection spectrum of the other confusable color group is in a fluctuation falling trend at 510 and 600 nm. At the wavelength of 510nm, the first derivative value of the fully cured tobacco leaves is obviously smaller than that of other color sets, the inflection point is the peak value of other color sets, and the fully cured tobacco leaves are still continuously increased.
In conclusion, the fully-cooked tobacco leaves have unique appearance characteristics and visual reflection characteristics, the color characteristic parameters and the surface reflection spectrum characteristics also have unique characteristics, and the fully-cooked tobacco leaves can be identified by utilizing the color characteristic parameters and the reflection spectrum characteristics. The lightness (L), the redness (a), the yellowness (b) and the saturation (C) amplitude of the color parameters corresponding to the completely cured tobacco leaves are respectively as follows: 50.11-54.51, 18.45-20.95, 39.38-47.84 and 43.98-51.25; the 510nm position in the spectrum reflection first order reciprocal spectrogram of the cured tobacco leaves is an inflection point, the fluctuation rising trend is shown between 510 plus 600nm, and the spectrum reflection first order reciprocal spectrogram of other easily-confused chromatograms has the fluctuation falling trend at 510 plus 600nm, and the spectrum reflection first order reciprocal spectrogram can be used as a basis for identifying the cured tobacco leaves.
Example 2
1. The proven fully cured tobacco leaves (HF) are randomly selected as implementation materials, and 10 detection points are randomly selected from 200 detection points for data analysis.
2. The identification steps are as follows: 2 symmetrical points (6 points in total, and the selected measuring points avoid the veins, the residual injuries and the disease spots as much as possible) are respectively selected at the middle parts of the main veins and the leaf edges of the flue-cured tobacco leaves at the positions 1/3 and 1/2 away from the leaf tips and at the positions 1/3 away from the leaf bases, the surface color parameters and the reflection spectrum of the tobacco leaves are measured, and the first-order reciprocal of the color reflection spectrum is calculated. Calculating the first reciprocal of the color reflectance spectrum as follows: the difference between the adjacent 2 spectra is divided by the spectral interval value of 10nm, which is the first reciprocal value of the first point. Randomly selecting 10 detection point data as verification.
Example 3
1. The proven fully cured tobacco leaves (HF) (5 samples) were randomly selected as the implementation material.
2. The identification steps are as follows: 2 symmetrical points (6 points in total, and the selected measuring points avoid the veins, the residual injuries and the disease spots as much as possible) are respectively selected at the middle parts of the main veins and the leaf edges of the flue-cured tobacco leaves at the positions 1/3 and 1/2 away from the leaf tips and at the positions 1/3 away from the leaf bases, the surface color parameters and the reflection spectrum of the tobacco leaves are measured, and the first-order reciprocal of the color reflection spectrum is calculated. Calculating the first reciprocal of the color reflectance spectrum as follows: the difference between the adjacent 2 spectra is divided by the spectral interval value of 10nm, which is the first reciprocal value of the first point.
Analysis of results
The measurement results of the examples 2-3 are respectively shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the inflection point appears at 510nm in the first-order reciprocal spectrogram of the spectrum reflection of the completely cured tobacco, and the tobacco shows a rising trend of fluctuation between 510nm and 600nm, and has uniqueness compared with the tobacco of other color groups, and can be used as the identification basis of the completely cured tobacco. The identification method has the advantages of high measurement speed, simple discrimination standard, high applicability and accuracy, and can quickly identify the completely cured tobacco leaves.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for rapidly identifying well-done tobacco leaves is characterized in that: 2 symmetrical points are respectively selected at the middle parts of the main vein and the leaf margin of the flue-cured tobacco leaf at the positions 1/3 and 1/2 away from the leaf tip and at the position 1/3 away from the leaf base, the surface color parameters and the reflection spectrum of the tobacco leaf are measured, and the first reciprocal of the color reflection spectrum is calculated.
2. The method for rapidly identifying the well-done tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein: and an inflection point appears at the position of 510nm in the first-order reciprocal spectrogram of the reflection spectrum, and the position between 510 plus 600nm shows a fluctuation rising trend, so that the tobacco leaves are judged to be completely ripe.
3. The method for rapidly discriminating the completely cured tobacco leaves according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the color parameters lightness (L), redness (a), yellowness (b) and saturation (C) amplitude are respectively: 50.11-54.51, 18.45-20.95, 39.38-47.84 and 43.98-51.25, and the tobacco leaves are judged to be completely cured.
4. The method for rapidly identifying the well-done tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein: the selected measuring points avoid veins, residual injury and disease spots as much as possible.
5. A method for rapidly discriminating the completely cured tobacco leaves according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: calculating the first reciprocal of the color reflectance spectrum as follows: the difference between the adjacent 2 spectra is divided by the spectral interval value, which is the first reciprocal value of the first point.
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| CN115067535A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-09-20 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for improving speed and accuracy of flue-cured tobacco grade judgment |
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