CN111380428A - Medium pilot tunnel advanced blasting construction method based on small-spacing cavern group three-tunnel separation section - Google Patents
Medium pilot tunnel advanced blasting construction method based on small-spacing cavern group three-tunnel separation section Download PDFInfo
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- CN111380428A CN111380428A CN202010333379.3A CN202010333379A CN111380428A CN 111380428 A CN111380428 A CN 111380428A CN 202010333379 A CN202010333379 A CN 202010333379A CN 111380428 A CN111380428 A CN 111380428A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
A pilot tunnel advanced blasting construction method based on three-tunnel separation sections of small-spacing cavern groups comprises the following steps: s1: dividing the left hole, the middle hole and the right hole into an upper part and a lower part; s2: blasting and excavating the upper part of the left tunnel to form an upper step; s3: blasting and excavating the lower part of the left tunnel to form a lower step; s4: blasting and excavating the right tunnel according to the construction sequence from the step S2 to the step S3; s5: keeping the circulation of S2-S4 until the construction of the left hole and the right hole is finished; s6: dividing the upper part of the middle hole into a middle pilot hole part and an upper side hole part, and dividing the lower part of the middle hole into a bottom hole part and a lower side hole part; s7: blasting and excavating the middle pilot tunnel part to form a step; s8: carrying out follow-up blasting excavation on the upper side cave part, the lower side cave part and the bottom cave part in sequence to form steps; s9: and keeping S7 and S8 to circulate until the construction of the middle hole is completed. Has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, improved safety and ensured stability of the rock mass with small spacing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to a blasting technology of small-spacing cavern groups, in particular to a pilot tunnel advanced blasting construction method based on three-cavern separation sections of the small-spacing cavern groups.
Background
The Badailing great wall station is positioned in a new Badailing tunnel, the total length of the station is 470m, the underground building area of the station is 3.6 ten thousand square meters, the buried depth of a rail surface is 102m, and the lifting height of passengers is 62m, so that the station is a high-speed railway underground station with the largest buried depth and lifting height in China at present; the station has multiple levels, large number of chambers and complex tunnel types, and is the most complex underground excavation tunnel group station in China at present. The three layers of the station underground structure are respectively a station platform layer, an entrance channel layer, an exit channel layer and an equipment cavern, wherein the horizontal distance between three-hole separation mark tunnel sections of the station platform layer is 2.23-6 m at most; the vertical distance between the station platform layer and the station in-out channel layer is 4.55 m; the clear distance between the entrance and exit building escalator channels is 4.14-3.78 m.
The rock drilling blasting technology is widely applied in the tunnel excavation process, but the blasting excavation causes the rock mass in an explosion area to be broken and stripped, and meanwhile, the remained surrounding rock is also inevitably disturbed and damaged, so that the mechanical property of the rock mass is deteriorated, the strength is reduced, the integrity is poor, the stability of the underground rock mass engineering structure is greatly weakened, and the safety accidents caused by the fact that the blasting is not considered to damage the surrounding rock are rare for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a medium pilot tunnel advanced blasting construction method based on three-tunnel separation sections of small-spacing cavern groups, which is simple and convenient to operate, can improve the safety and ensure the stability of small-spacing rock masses.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pilot tunnel advanced blasting construction method based on three-hole separation sections of a small-spacing cavern group, wherein the small-spacing cavern group comprises tunnel sections at two ends and a middle three-hole separation section, a large-span section is connected between the three-hole separation section and the tunnel section at the corresponding end, the three-hole separation section comprises a left hole, a middle hole and a right hole, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
s1: dividing the left hole, the middle hole and the right hole into an upper part and a lower part;
s2: blasting and excavating the upper part of the left tunnel in a circulating footage mode of 2m to form an upper step with the length of 8-10 m;
s3: blasting and excavating the lower part of the left tunnel in a circulating footage 2m manner to form a lower step, wherein the distance from the end surface of the lower step to the end surface of the upper step is 5-8 m;
s4: blasting and excavating the right tunnel according to the construction sequence from the step S2 to the step S3;
s5: keeping the circulation of S2-S4 until the construction of the left hole and the right hole is finished;
s6: dividing the upper part of the middle hole into a middle pilot hole part and upper side hole parts positioned at two sides, and dividing the lower part of the middle hole into a bottom hole part and lower side hole parts positioned at two sides above the bottom hole part;
s7: blasting excavation is carried out on the middle pilot tunnel part in a circulating footage mode of 2m, and steps with the length of 100-130 m are formed;
s8: performing follow-up blasting excavation on the two upper side cave parts, the two lower side cave parts and the bottom cave part according to 5 sequences in a circulating footage 2m mode to form steps with the length of 70-100 m;
s9: and keeping S7 and S8 to circulate until the construction of the middle hole is completed.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
and after the steps in each sequence of the left hole, the middle hole and the right hole are finished, anchor rods, anchor cables and concrete lining construction are carried out on the corresponding caverns.
During each footage blasting, each footage is divided into a plurality of sections for blasting in sequence, and the sections are distinguished by time delay.
In each footage blast, each footage was divided into 7 segments and the blast was performed sequentially, with a delay time of 0/50/110/200/310/460/650ms between each segment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention relates to a middle pilot tunnel advanced blasting construction method based on three-tunnel separation sections of small-spacing cavern groups, which is characterized in that a left tunnel and a right tunnel form an upper-lower-step delayed blasting mode, the middle tunnel adopts a middle pilot tunnel part advanced blasting mode, and 6 steps of two subsequent upper side tunnel parts, two subsequent lower side tunnel parts and a bottom tunnel part are sequentially delayed blasting; the blasting excavation sequence from left to right to middle is adopted by the cavern group (the middle cavern excavation is carried out after the left cavern and the right cavern are completely excavated), sequential blasting is formed by the three caverns of the three-cavern separation section, and the sequential blasting is not influenced, so that the construction efficiency is improved, on the one hand, the special mode that the middle pilot tunnel part of the middle cavern is subjected to 6-step sequential delayed blasting is adopted, the influence on the small-spacing rock mass is greatly reduced, the stability of the small-spacing rock mass between the three caverns cannot be influenced by the blasting excavation of the three caverns, and the construction safety is improved; the operation is simple and convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a group of small-pitch holes in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-hole separation section of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of steps on left and right chambers of a three-hole separation section in the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the lower step of the left and right chambers of the three-hole separation section of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the holes in the three-hole separation section of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures denote:
1. a tunnel segment; 2. a three-hole separation section; 21. a left hole; 22. a middle hole; 221. a middle pilot hole part; 222. an upper side hole portion; 223. a bottom hole portion; 224. a lower side hole portion; 23. a right hole; 3. a large span segment.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
Fig. 1 to 6 show an embodiment of a pilot tunnel advanced blasting construction method based on a three-hole separation section of a small-spacing cavern group, the small-spacing cavern group comprises tunnel sections 1 at two ends and a middle three-hole separation section 2, a large-span section 3 is connected between the three-hole separation section 2 and the tunnel section 1 at the corresponding end, the three-hole separation section 2 comprises a left hole 21, a middle hole 22 and a right hole 23, and the construction method comprises the following steps:
s1: the left hole 21, the middle hole 22 and the right hole 23 are all divided into an upper part and a lower part;
s2: blasting excavation is carried out on the upper part of the left hole 21 in a circulating footage 2m mode to form an upper step with the length of 8-10 m;
s3: blasting and excavating the lower part of the left hole 21 in a circulating footage 2m manner to form a lower step, wherein the distance from the end surface of the lower step to the end surface of the upper step is 5-8 m;
s4: blasting and excavating the right hole 23 in the construction sequence from the step S2 to the step S3;
s5: keeping the circulation of S2-S4 until the construction of the left hole 21 and the right hole 23 is completed;
s6: the upper part of the middle hole 22 is divided into a middle pilot hole part 221 and upper side hole parts 222 positioned at both sides, and the lower part of the middle hole 22 is divided into a bottom hole part 223 and lower side hole parts 224 positioned at both sides above the bottom hole part 223;
s7: blasting excavation is carried out on the middle pilot tunnel part 221 in a circulating footage mode of 2m, and steps with the length of 100-130 m are formed;
s8: performing follow-up blasting excavation on the two upper side cave parts 222, the two lower side cave parts 224 and the bottom cave part 223 according to 5 sequences in a circulating footage 2m manner to form steps with the length of 70-100 m;
s9: and keeping S7 and S8 to circulate until the construction of the middle hole 22 is completed.
By adopting the method, the left hole 2 and the right hole 23 both form an upper-lower step delayed blasting mode, the middle hole 22 adopts the middle pilot hole part 221 to firstly perform, and 6 steps of the two subsequent upper side hole parts 222, the two lower side hole parts 224 and the bottom hole part 223 are sequentially subjected to delayed blasting; the blasting excavation sequence from left to right to middle is adopted for the cavern group (after the left tunnel and the right tunnel are completely excavated, the middle tunnel excavation is carried out), sequential blasting is guaranteed to be formed for three caverns of the three-tunnel separation section 2, and the sequential blasting is not influenced, so that the construction efficiency is improved, on the one hand, the influence on the small-spacing rock mass is greatly reduced by a special mode that the middle pilot tunnel part 221 of the middle tunnel 22 is subjected to 6 steps of delayed blasting in sequence, the stability of the small-spacing rock mass between the three caverns is not influenced by the blasting excavation of the three caverns, and the construction safety is improved; the operation is simple and convenient.
In the embodiment, the specific distance from the end surface of the lower step to the end surface of the upper step is 8m, so that the safety distance is ensured; specifically, the middle pilot hole 221 first forms a step by 100m, the first upper side hole 222 forms a step with a length of 70m, and the subsequent steps are sequentially 6m, 20m, 6m and 4 m.
In this embodiment, after the steps in each sequence of the left hole 21, the middle hole 22 and the right hole 23 are completed, anchor rod, anchor cable and concrete lining construction is performed on the corresponding cavern. By the arrangement, the strength and the stability of the excavated segment are ensured.
In this embodiment, during each footage blasting, each footage is divided into a plurality of sections to perform the blasting sequentially, and the sections are distinguished by time delay. Set up like this, further reduced the influence of blasting to the booth apart from the rock mass, improved the security.
In this example, each footage was divided into 7 pieces and successively blasted at each footage blast, and the delay time between the pieces was 0/50/110/200/310/460/650 ms. The operation is convenient and reliable.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the invention, using the teachings disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The construction method for pilot tunnel advanced blasting based on the three-hole separation section of the small-spacing cavern group is characterized in that the small-spacing cavern group comprises tunnel sections (1) at two ends and a middle three-hole separation section (2), a large-span section (3) is connected between the three-hole separation section (2) and the tunnel section (1) at the corresponding end, the three-hole separation section (2) comprises a left hole (21), a middle hole (22) and a right hole (23), and the construction method comprises the following steps:
s1: the left hole (21), the middle hole (22) and the right hole (23) are divided into an upper part and a lower part;
s2: blasting excavation is carried out on the upper part of the left hole (21) in a circulating footage 2m manner, and an upper step with the length of 8-10 m is formed;
s3: blasting excavation is carried out on the lower part of the left hole (21) in a circulating footage 2m mode to form a lower step, and the distance from the end surface of the lower step to the end surface of the upper step is 5-8 m;
s4: blasting and excavating the right tunnel (23) according to the construction sequence from the step S2 to the step S3;
s5: keeping the circulation from S2 to S4 until the construction of the left hole (21) and the right hole (23) is completed;
s6: the upper part of the middle hole (22) is divided into a middle guide hole part (221) and upper side hole parts (222) positioned at two sides, and the lower part of the middle hole (22) is divided into a bottom hole part (223) and lower side hole parts (224) positioned at two sides above the bottom hole part (223);
s7: blasting excavation is carried out on the middle pilot tunnel part (221) in a circulating footage mode of 2m, and steps with the length of 100-130 m are formed;
s8: performing follow-up blasting excavation on two upper side cave parts (222), two lower side cave parts (224) and a bottom cave part (223) according to 5 sequences in a circulating footage 2m mode to form steps with the length of 70-100 m;
s9: and keeping S7 and S8 to be circularly carried out until the construction of the middle hole (22) is completed.
2. The pilot tunnel advanced blasting construction method based on the three-hole separation section of the small-spacing cavern group as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and after the steps in each sequence of the left hole (21), the middle hole (22) and the right hole (23) are finished, anchor rods, anchor cables and concrete lining construction are carried out on the corresponding caverns.
3. The advanced blasting construction method for the pilot tunnel based on the three-tunnel separation section of the small-spacing cavern group as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: during each footage blasting, each footage is divided into a plurality of sections for blasting in sequence, and the sections are distinguished by time delay.
4. The advanced blasting construction method for the middle pilot tunnel based on the three-tunnel separation section of the small-spacing cavern group as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: in each footage blast, each footage was divided into 7 segments and the blast was performed sequentially, with a delay time of 0/50/110/200/310/460/650ms between each segment.
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| CN202010333379.3A CN111380428A (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2020-04-24 | Medium pilot tunnel advanced blasting construction method based on small-spacing cavern group three-tunnel separation section |
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| CN202010333379.3A CN111380428A (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2020-04-24 | Medium pilot tunnel advanced blasting construction method based on small-spacing cavern group three-tunnel separation section |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114086966A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-02-25 | 湖南省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司 | Construction method for fine vibration-damping blasting of four-arch tunnel |
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20200707 |