CN111376538A - Flame-retardant light GMT composite board for automobile interior and exterior parts and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flame-retardant light GMT composite board for automobile interior and exterior parts and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111376538A CN111376538A CN201811643080.7A CN201811643080A CN111376538A CN 111376538 A CN111376538 A CN 111376538A CN 201811643080 A CN201811643080 A CN 201811643080A CN 111376538 A CN111376538 A CN 111376538A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/22—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure
- B29C70/224—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure the structure being a net
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29L2007/002—Panels; Plates; Sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
- B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/003—Interior finishings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a flame-retardant light GMT composite board for automobile interior and exterior trimming parts and a preparation method thereof. The flame-retardant light GMT composite board comprises a fiber felt and an upper surface layer or a lower surface layer or an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer, wherein the fiber felt comprises reinforced fibers, thermoplastic synthetic fibers and flame-retardant powder, the flame-retardant powder is uniformly dispersed on the surface of a fluffy fiber felt through a dusting process after the traditional non-woven cross lapping process, and then the surface flame-retardant powder is uniformly immersed into a fiber-based felt through a mechanical vibration and ultrasonic oscillation dispersion process, so that the flame-retardant light GMT composite board is prepared. The flame-retardant light GMT composite board has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, high flame retardance and the like, and can be widely applied to various automobile interior and exterior parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermoplastic composite materials for automobile interior and exterior trim, and particularly relates to a flame-retardant light GMT composite board for automobile interior and exterior trim parts and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The light GMT is a novel composite material compounded by glass fiber mats and thermoplastic resin, is the most active development variety in the internal and external decorative materials of the current automobiles due to the characteristics of light weight, environmental protection, sound absorption, heat insulation, high strength and toughness, excellent chemical corrosion resistance, environmental adaptability and the like, and is widely applied to various internal and external decorative parts of the automobiles (such as automobile bottom shielding and protecting devices, bearing plates, roof linings, door decorations, luggage racks, roof molding parts, engine covers, trunk lids of the automobile, gear case lids and the like). However, at present, the domestic light GMT board mainly adopts a dry carding non-woven process, and ensuring the uniform dispersion of the flame retardant powder and the uniform immersion in the fiber felt under the carding non-woven process is always an industry problem, so most of the light GMT materials in the market at present do not have the flame retardant property. And because the prior art can not break through, only the burning speed of the automotive interior material is regulated to be not more than 100mm/min in the current national standard GB8410 'burning characteristics of the automotive interior material' in China, and the automotive interior material is qualified. The standard has no requirements on important parameters for evaluating fire hazard, such as peak heat release rate, limit combustion oxygen solubility value, smoke density grade, smoke toxicity and the like of the automotive interior material, and the grading of the flame retardance of the material is inconsistent with the current relevant national standard of China. So that the flammable and combustible interior materials are still largely used on the passenger automobiles in China at present. With the continuous acceleration of the transformation and upgrading steps of the automobile industry, the flame retardant property of the inner and outer decoration materials is imperative no matter for high-quality automobiles or new energy automobiles.
Recently, based on a wet papermaking process, AZDEL in the united states uniformly disperses glass fibers, thermoplastic resin, magnesium hydroxide and an aluminum hydroxide flame retardant into an aqueous medium, and forms a blank felt containing the magnesium hydroxide and the aluminum hydroxide flame retardant which are uniformly dispersed through a papermaking process, so that a new generation of flame-retardant light GMT is developed. Once the flame-retardant light-weight GMT is available, the flame-retardant light-weight GMT is popular in the passenger car market, and as a public transport means, the interior decoration of the passenger car has stricter requirements compared with that of a passenger car.
However, the domestic light GMT mainly adopts a dry carding non-weaving process, and the technical problem of ensuring the uniform dispersion of the flame retardant powder and the uniform immersion in the fiber felt is always the industrial problem under the carding non-weaving process. Therefore, many domestic research units and light GMT material manufacturers begin to prepare flame-retardant light GMT by performing flame-retardant post-treatment on fiber mats.
For example, in patent 201810432810.2, a felt composed of 30 wt% of PP and 70 wt% of glass fiber is immersed in an organosilicon precursor solution of halogen-free intumescent flame retardant, and the halogen-free intumescent flame retardant is immersed in the fiber felt by an immersion process to prepare the flame-retardant light GMT. However, the flame-retardant embryonic felt obtained by the impregnation process needs to be dehydrated and dried, and the dehydration and drying of about 1000g of the embryonic felt per square meter are not easy, so that the productivity is seriously influenced while a large amount of electric energy is consumed.
The patent 201610632657.9 discloses a fire-proof, stain-proof and high-wear-resistant paper honeycomb composite board and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the composite board is formed by sequentially laminating a bottom fabric, a flame-retardant adhesive film, a fibrilia felt, a flame-retardant adhesive film, an adhesive film type paper honeycomb core, a flame-retardant adhesive film, a GMT felt and a wear-resistant hot-melt adhesive film from bottom to top. The flame retardant treatment means is only to compound a flame retardant adhesive film on the surface of the GMT base felt for proper flame retardant treatment, and the flame retardant treatment means can achieve certain effect at the initial stage of fire prevention and ignition of the material, but has little flame retardant effect when the flame burns the flame retardant surface layer to the GMT core layer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects that dry-method light GMT is not flame-retardant and the flame-retardant technology is immature in the prior art, the invention discloses a flame-retardant light GMT composite board for automobile interior and exterior trim parts and a preparation method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a flame-retardant light GMT composite board for automobile interior and exterior parts, which comprises a fiber felt and an upper surface layer or a lower surface layer or an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer, wherein the fiber felt comprises reinforcing fibers, thermoplastic synthetic fibers and flame-retardant powder, the reinforcing fibers account for 30 wt% -55 wt% of the total weight of the fiber felt, the flame-retardant powder accounts for 10 wt% -30 wt% of the total weight of the fiber felt, and the flame-retardant powder is uniformly dispersed in the fiber felt.
As a further improvement, the surface density of the flame-retardant light GMT composite board is 1000-2500g/m2The bulk density is 0.3-0.8g/cm3. Wherein, the ceiling material is generally between 1000-1300g/m 2; the bottom protection material is generally between 1200 and 1600g/m 2; the material of the luggage rack plate is generally between 1600 and 2500g/m2, which depends on the actual use condition of the product.
As a further improvement, the reinforcing fiber is selected from one or more of glass fiber, carbon fiber, basalt fiber or plant fiber.
As a further improvement, the thermoplastic synthetic fiber is selected from one or more of polypropylene fiber PP, polyethylene fiber PE, polyester fiber PET, ES fiber and nylon fiber PA.
As a further improvement, the flame retardant powder is selected from one or more of expanded graphite, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, silane flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, nitrogen flame retardants and phosphorus-nitrogen composite intumescent flame retardants.
As a further improvement, the flame retardant powder is uniformly dispersed on the surface of a fluffy fiber felt web by dusting after the fiber felt non-woven cross lapping process and before the needling process, and then is dispersed from the adding surface of the fiber felt to the other surface by mechanical vibration and ultrasonic vibration, so that the fiber felt is uniformly immersed in the whole fiber felt.
As a further improvement, the upper surface layer and/or the lower surface layer is/are one or more selected from a polypropylene adhesive film, a polyethylene adhesive film, an EVA adhesive film, an EAA adhesive film, a polyester film, a hot melt adhesive powder, a non-woven fabric or a weather-resistant and reinforced composite film.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the flame-retardant light GMT composite board for the automobile interior and exterior trimming parts, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) opening and mixing the reinforced fibers and the thermoplastic synthetic fibers uniformly according to a proportion, wherein the content of the reinforced fibers is 30-55 wt% based on the total weight of the fiber felt, and the opened and mixed thermoplastic synthetic fibers and the reinforced fibers are carded by a traditional non-woven process and are subjected to a cross lapping process to obtain a fluffy fiber felt net;
2) uniformly scattering flame retardant powder on the surface of a fluffy fiber felt net by a powder scattering process, wherein the content of the flame retardant powder is 10-30 wt% based on the total weight of a fiber felt, dispersing the flame retardant powder on the surface of the fiber felt from an adding surface to the other surface by a mechanical vibration and ultrasonic oscillation dispersion process, uniformly immersing the flame retardant powder in the whole fiber felt, and then solidifying by needling to obtain the fiber felt uniformly scattered with the flame retardant powder;
3) and feeding the fiber felt obtained in the step 2) into continuous composite pressing plate equipment, preheating, thermally bonding, pressurizing, compounding upper and lower surface skins, cooling and cutting to obtain the flame-retardant light GMT composite board.
As a further improvement, the upper surface layer and/or the lower surface layer in the step 3) is/are one or more selected from a polypropylene adhesive film, a polyethylene adhesive film, an EVA adhesive film, an EAA adhesive film, a polyester film, a hot melt adhesive powder, a non-woven fabric or a weather-resistant and reinforced composite film.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the existing flame-retardant GMT composite board in the market can lose the flame-retardant effect when the flame burns to the GMT core layer, but the flame-retardant light GMT composite board disclosed by the invention can achieve a certain effect in the initial stage of fire prevention and ignition of the material, and the flame-retardant effect is obvious when the surface layer is burnt by the flame to the GMT core layer, namely the flame-retardant GMT composite board is integrally flame-retardant and is safer and more reliable.
2) According to the invention, after the traditional non-woven cross lapping process, the flame retardant powder is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the fluffy fiber felt through a powder scattering process, and then the surface flame retardant powder is uniformly immersed into the fiber-based felt through a mechanical vibration and ultrasonic vibration dispersion process, so that the industrial problem that the powder cannot be immersed into the fiber felt under a high-speed blending process is solved, and the dry-method flame retardant light-weight GMT is successfully prepared for the first time.
3) The invention is hopeful to realize the compounding of various flame retardants, for example, when the organic silicon compound and the nitrogen-phosphorus composite intumescent flame retardant are used together, the organic silicon compound and the nitrogen-phosphorus composite intumescent flame retardant can mutually promote in the combustion process, and a silicon-containing carbonization protective layer can be formed. Compared with the conventional carbon layer, the carbon layer has compact and stable structure and greatly enhanced oxidation resistance. Therefore, the flame retardant has the functions of excellent heat insulation, smoke suppression, oxygen insulation, molten drop prevention and the like, so that a synergistic flame retardant effect is obtained, and the dosage of the flame retardant is reduced to a certain extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention relates to a felting process diagram of a flame-retardant light GMT composite board;
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1
The embodiment is a flame-retardant light GMT composite board for preparing an automobile bottom guard plate, which comprises a fiber felt and an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer, wherein the upper surface layer is a non-woven fabric, the lower surface layer is a reinforced composite film, the fiber felt is composed of glass fibers, polypropylene fibers and expanded graphite flame-retardant powder, the glass fibers account for 30 wt% of the total weight of the fiber felt, the expanded graphite accounts for 10 wt% of the total weight of the fiber felt, the expanded graphite is uniformly dispersed in the fiber felt, and the surface density of the flame-retardant light GMT composite board is 1600g/m2Bulk density of 0.5g/cm3。
After the non-woven cross lapping process and before the needling process, the expanded graphite flame retardant powder is uniformly dispersed on the surface of a fluffy fiber felt through a powder scattering process, then the expanded graphite on the surface of the felt is dispersed to the other surface from the adding surface through a mechanical vibration and ultrasonic vibration dispersing process, and uniform immersion is realized in the whole fiber felt, so that the polypropylene and glass fiber blended felt uniformly scattered with the expanded graphite is obtained, and the flame retardant light GMT composite board for preparing the automobile bottom guard plate is obtained.
The preparation of the flame-retardant light-weight GMT composite board for the automobile bottom guard plate comprises the following steps:
1) opening and mixing the glass fiber and the polypropylene fiber uniformly according to a proportion, wherein the content of the glass fiber is 30 wt% based on the total weight of the fiber mat, and the polypropylene fiber and the glass fiber which are opened and mixed uniformly are carded and crossly lapped by a traditional non-woven process to obtain a fluffy fiber mat net;
2) uniformly scattering expanded graphite on the surface of a fluffy fiber felt net through a powder scattering process, wherein the content of the expanded graphite is 10 wt% based on the total weight of the fiber felt, taking the color of a final product into consideration of black when a black expanded graphite flame retardant is adopted for considering the cost, then dispersing the flame retardant powder on the surface of the felt material to the other side from the adding side through a mechanical vibration and ultrasonic oscillation dispersion process, realizing uniform immersion in the whole fiber felt, and then obtaining the fiber felt uniformly scattered with the flame retardant powder through needling consolidation;
3) feeding the fiber felt into continuous composite pressing plate equipment, preheating, thermally bonding, pressurizing, compounding an upper non-woven fabric and a lower reinforced composite film, cooling and cutting to obtain the flame-retardant light GMT composite plate for preparing the bottom guard plate of the automobile, wherein the weight of the flame-retardant light GMT composite plate is 1600g/m2。
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 1, the automobile bottom guard plate without the expanded graphite is made of the traditional light GMT composite plate.
Example 2
The embodiment is a flame-retardant light GMT composite board for preparing an automobile roof lining, which comprises a fiber felt and an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer, wherein the upper surface layer is non-woven fabric, the lower surface layer is a polyethylene adhesive film, the fiber felt is composed of basalt fiber, ES fiber and magnesium hydroxide flame-retardant powder, and the basalt fiber accounts for the fiber55 wt% of the total weight of the felt, 20 wt% of magnesium hydroxide in the total weight of the fiber felt, and the surface density of the flame-retardant light GMT composite board is 1000g/m when the magnesium hydroxide is uniformly dispersed in the fiber felt2Bulk density of 0.3g/cm3。。
After the non-woven cross lapping process and before the needling process, the magnesium hydroxide flame-retardant powder uniformly disperses the magnesium hydroxide on the surface of the fluffy fiber felt through a powder scattering process, then disperses the magnesium hydroxide on the surface of the felt material to the other surface from the adding surface through a mechanical vibration and ultrasonic vibration dispersion process, and realizes uniform immersion in the whole fiber felt to obtain the ES fiber and basalt fiber blended felt uniformly dispersed with the magnesium hydroxide, thereby obtaining the flame-retardant lightweight GMT composite board for preparing the automobile ceiling lining.
The preparation of the flame-retardant lightweight GMT composite board for the automobile ceiling lining comprises the following steps:
1) opening and mixing basalt fibers and ES fibers uniformly in proportion, wherein the content of the basalt fibers is 55 wt% based on the total weight of the fiber mat, and the opened and mixed basalt fibers and ES fibers are subjected to carding and cross lapping procedures of a traditional non-woven process to obtain a fluffy fiber mat net;
2) uniformly scattering magnesium hydroxide on the surface of a fluffy fiber felt net through a powder scattering process, wherein the content of the magnesium hydroxide is 20 wt% based on the total weight of the fiber felt, the magnesium hydroxide is white, then the magnesium hydroxide flame retardant powder on the surface of the felt material is dispersed to the other surface from the addition surface through a mechanical vibration and ultrasonic oscillation dispersion process, uniform immersion is realized in the whole fiber felt, and then the fiber felt uniformly scattered with the flame retardant powder is obtained through needling consolidation;
3) feeding the fiber felt into continuous composite pressing plate equipment, preheating, thermally bonding, pressurizing, compounding the non-woven fabric on the fiber felt, compounding the polyethylene adhesive film on the fiber felt, cooling and cutting to obtain the flame-retardant light GMT composite board used for preparing the inner lining of the automobile ceiling, wherein the weight of the flame-retardant light GMT composite board is 1000g/m2。
Comparative example 2
Compared to example 2, the conventional lightweight GMT composite sheet for automotive headliner without magnesium hydroxide.
Example 3
The embodiment is a flame-retardant light GMT composite board for preparing an automobile trunk storage plate, which comprises a fiber felt and an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer, wherein the upper surface layer is made of non-woven fabrics, the lower surface layer is made of a polypropylene bonding adhesive film, the fiber felt is composed of fibrilia, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) fibers and phosphorus-nitrogen composite intumescent flame retardant powder, the fibrilia accounts for 45 wt% of the total weight of the fiber felt, the intumescent flame retardant powder accounts for 30 wt% of the total weight of the fiber felt, the intumescent flame retardant powder is uniformly dispersed in the fiber felt, and the surface density of the flame-retardant light GMT composite board is2Bulk density of 0.7g/cm3。
After the non-woven cross lapping process and before the needling process, the intumescent flame retardant powder is uniformly dispersed on the surface of a fluffy fiber felt through a powder scattering process, then the intumescent flame retardant powder on the surface of the felt is dispersed to the other surface from the adding surface through a mechanical vibration and ultrasonic vibration dispersion process, and uniform immersion is realized in the whole fiber felt, so that the fibrilia and PET fiber blended felt uniformly scattered with the intumescent flame retardant powder is obtained, and the flame-retardant light GMT composite board for preparing the automobile trunk storage plate is obtained.
The preparation method of the flame-retardant light GMT composite board for the automobile trunk deck comprises the following steps:
1) loosening and mixing uniformly the fibrilia and the PET fiber in proportion, wherein the content of the fibrilia is 45 wt% based on the total weight of the fiber felt, and obtaining a fluffy fiber felt net by the loosened and mixed fibrilia and PET fiber through the carding and cross lapping procedures of the traditional non-weaving process;
2) uniformly scattering the intumescent flame retardant powder on the surface of a fluffy fiber felt net by a powder scattering process, wherein the content of the phosphorus-nitrogen composite intumescent flame retardant powder is 30 wt% based on the total weight of a fiber felt, the phosphorus-nitrogen composite intumescent flame retardant is white, then dispersing the intumescent flame retardant powder on the surface of the felt material from the adding surface to the other surface by a mechanical vibration and ultrasonic oscillation dispersion process, realizing uniform immersion in the whole fiber felt, and then obtaining the fiber felt uniformly scattered with the flame retardant powder by needling consolidation;
3) feeding the fiber felt into continuous composite pressing plate equipment, preheating, thermally bonding, pressurizing, compounding non-woven fabric on the fiber felt, compounding polypropylene adhesive film on the fiber felt, cooling and cutting to obtain the flame-retardant light GMT composite board used for preparing the storage plate of the automobile trunk, wherein the GMT composite board is 2500g/m2。
Comparative example 3
Compared with the embodiment 3, the traditional light GMT composite board for the automobile trunk deck without the expansion type flame retardant powder is used.
In order to illustrate that the flame-retardant light-weight GMT material prepared by the invention can be applied to interior and exterior trimming parts of automobiles, the oxygen index, the horizontal burning speed and the tensile bending strength of the composite material are tested according to GB/T2406-2009, GB/T8410-2006, GB/T1040.2-2006 and GB T9341-2008, and the test results of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 Performance test results for examples and comparative examples
From the above table 1, the flame-retardant lightweight GMT sheet material disclosed by the invention makes up the defect that the traditional GMT sheet material is not flame-retardant, and meanwhile, the mechanical property is slightly improved, so that the application field of the composite material is greatly expanded, and the requirements of the automobile interior and exterior decoration materials on strength, safety, flame retardance and the like can be met.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the core technical features of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The flame-retardant light GMT composite board for the interior and exterior trim parts of the automobile is characterized by comprising a fiber felt and an upper surface layer or a lower surface layer or an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer, wherein the fiber felt comprises reinforcing fibers, thermoplastic synthetic fibers and flame-retardant powder, the reinforcing fibers account for 30 wt% -55 wt% of the total weight of the fiber felt, the flame-retardant powder accounts for 10 wt% -30 wt% of the total weight of the fiber felt, and the flame-retardant powder is uniformly dispersed in the fiber felt.
2. The flame-retardant lightweight GMT composite board for automotive interior and exterior parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the areal density of the flame-retardant lightweight GMT composite board is 1000-2500g/m2The bulk density is 0.3-0.8g/cm3。
3. The flame-retardant lightweight GMT composite board for automotive interior and exterior parts according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fibers are selected from one or more of glass fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers or plant fibers.
4. The flame retardant lightweight GMT composite board for interior and exterior trim parts of automobiles according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the thermoplastic synthetic fiber is selected from one or more of polypropylene fiber PP, polyethylene fiber PE, polyester fiber PET, ES fiber and nylon fiber PA.
5. The flame-retardant light-weight GMT composite board for the interior and exterior trimming parts of the automobile as claimed in claim 4, wherein the flame-retardant powder is selected from one or more of expanded graphite, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, silane flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, nitrogen flame retardants and phosphorus-nitrogen composite intumescent flame retardants.
6. The flame-retardant lightweight GMT composite board for the interior and exterior trim parts of the automobile as claimed in claim 5, wherein the flame-retardant powder is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the fluffy fiber felt web by dusting after the fiber felt non-woven cross-lapping process and before the needling process, and then is dispersed from the added surface of the fiber felt to the other surface by mechanical vibration and ultrasonic vibration to realize uniform immersion in the whole fiber felt.
7. The flame-retardant light-weight GMT composite board for the interior and exterior trimming parts of the automobile according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5 or 6, wherein the upper surface layer and/or the lower surface layer is/are one or more selected from a polypropylene adhesive film, a polyethylene adhesive film, an EVA adhesive film, an EAA adhesive film, a polyester film, a hot melt adhesive powder, a non-woven fabric or a weather-resistant and reinforced composite film.
8. The preparation method of the flame-retardant lightweight GMT composite board for the interior and exterior trimming parts of the automobile as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 5 or 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) opening and mixing the reinforced fibers and the thermoplastic synthetic fibers uniformly according to a proportion, wherein the content of the reinforced fibers is 30-55 wt% based on the total weight of the fiber felt, and the opened and mixed thermoplastic synthetic fibers and the reinforced fibers are carded by a traditional non-woven process and are subjected to a cross lapping process to obtain a fluffy fiber felt net;
2) uniformly scattering flame retardant powder on the surface of a fluffy fiber felt net by a powder scattering process, wherein the content of the flame retardant powder is 10-30 wt% based on the total weight of a fiber felt, dispersing the flame retardant powder on the surface of the fiber felt from an adding surface to the other surface by a mechanical vibration and ultrasonic oscillation dispersion process, uniformly immersing the flame retardant powder in the whole fiber felt, and then solidifying by needling to obtain the fiber felt uniformly scattered with the flame retardant powder;
3) and feeding the fiber felt obtained in the step 2) into continuous composite pressing plate equipment, preheating, thermally bonding, pressurizing, compounding an upper surface layer or a lower surface layer or upper and lower surface layers, cooling and cutting to obtain the flame-retardant light GMT composite board.
9. The method for preparing the flame-retardant light-weight GMT composite board for the interior and exterior trimming parts of the automobile according to claim 8, wherein the upper surface layer and/or the lower surface layer in the step 3) is/are one or more selected from a polypropylene adhesive film, a polyethylene adhesive film, an EVA adhesive film, an EAA adhesive film, a polyester film, a hot melt adhesive powder, a non-woven fabric or a weather-resistant and reinforced composite film.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811643080.7A CN111376538A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Flame-retardant light GMT composite board for automobile interior and exterior parts and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811643080.7A CN111376538A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Flame-retardant light GMT composite board for automobile interior and exterior parts and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111893645A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-06 | 杭州恒邦实业有限公司 | Decorative plate reinforcing cloth and preparation process thereof |
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| CN103692990A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-04-02 | 浙江华江科技发展有限公司 | Light fiber-reinforced thermoplastic plate used for high-performance passenger vehicle bottom protection plate and preparation technology thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200707 |