CN108068424A - A kind of preparation method of ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards Download PDFInfo
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- CN108068424A CN108068424A CN201711451801.XA CN201711451801A CN108068424A CN 108068424 A CN108068424 A CN 108068424A CN 201711451801 A CN201711451801 A CN 201711451801A CN 108068424 A CN108068424 A CN 108068424A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
- B32B5/20—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material foamed in situ
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/14—Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/003—Interior finishings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards, microballoon foaming agent is introduced into made of the thermoplastic synthetic fiber and reinforcing fiber in blend fibre composite felt with the technique of dusting, it is reinforcement to be made up of continuous type equipment complex hot pressing by reinforcing fiber, thermoplastic synthetic fiber is bonding matrix, microballoon foaming agent is adornd for the automobile interior exterior of filling modifying agent with ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards, microballoon foaming agent is dispersed in inside blend fibre felt by dusting technique, it is simpler that microballoon foaming agent is introduced into blended composite fibrofelt technique, operation is more flexible, it is more suitable for continuous production, also there is the advantage of low cost simultaneously；Manufacture cost is reduced, it is also smaller to the pollution of environment without preparing high price bubble liquid.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automobile interior exterior decorations thermoplastic composite technical fields, specifically, are related to a kind of for vapour
The preparation method of the ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards of interior exterior trimming parts.
Background technology
Lightweight fiberglass felt enhancing plastic composite board material (abbreviation light GMT sheet material), is by continuous Glass Fiber Mat
A kind of advanced composite material (ACM) being combined with thermoplastic resin has light-weight environment-friendly, sound-absorption and heat-insulation, high-strength tenacity, excellent
The features such as resistance to chemical corrosion and environmental suitability, is widely used in traffic, building, aviation field.Modern automobile industry leads to
It is main energy-saving developing direction to cross the dead weight of reduction vehicle body.In the world also using the usage amount of GMT plates as measurement
One of important indicator of one national automobile industry development level.Light GMT sheet material, which also progressively becomes, makes auto parts and components
Mainstay material (roof of the vehicle, rear bulkhead, backplate, hood, vehicle trunk lid, gear box cover etc.).In automobile city now
Under the overall situation with keen competition of field, such as how more low cost manufacturing goes out the product of superior performance as automobile main frame maker and parts
The focus of attention of supplier；Meanwhile the development trends such as energy saving, lightweight and environmental protection also propose automotive material higher want
It asks.The preparation method of light GMT sheet material experienced wet processing, dry process, fluidisation field technique three phases；Dry process is
Light GMT production technology with China's independent intellectual property right, is primarily present following shortcoming：
(1) fiber is caused to damage in carding process, the glass physical length after combing only has 30~50mm；
(2) feature of carding process so that glass orientation therein is apparent, and plate physical mechanical property shows significantly
Anisotropic feature；
(3) since the connection between glass and meldable fibre is point mode connection；To improve the mechanical property of plate, resin
Dosage is then relatively high, therefore cost increases, it is difficult to further realize the lightweight of material.
Problems above will all restrict the further development space of GMT plates, how further improve light GMT sheet material
Comprehensive performance and agree with the development topic of " environmentally friendly, energy saving, lightweight " and become the research hotspot of the material.
The country is limited by equipment and technology R ＆ D Level, the main method using improvement existing process, for example is being combed
Cheng Zhong by adjusting process equipment parameter, slightly hits glass, reduces the damage of glass, so as to improve the mechanical property of plate；
In the lay-up process of single fiber net, by way of changing lapping, the orientation of glass is made to change, so as to reduce plate in length and breadth
The difference of mechanical property；Appropriate surface treatment is carried out on base felt surface, so as to change hot property of plate etc..It is but above-mentioned to change
Kind mode does not change the inner constructional form of fibre web fundamentally, is still combined between glass fibre in a manner of connection, felt
Thickness of net direction orientation fiber content is on the low side, layer by layer only by pin thorn consolidation between fibre web, component high bulking during post forming
Region levels fibre web combines deficiency, still needs to ensure plate mechanical property by increasing resin demand, so increase with resin demand, plate
Material is puffing than reducing, and penetrates into air content deficiency, product ultralightization is difficult to realize, and plate design freedom and NVH performances are also tight
It is limited again.
Patent CN201610763845.5, on the basis of felt process, passes through by existing light GMT dry carding
The technique of dipping introduces microballoon foaming agent in GMT feltworks, is combined by the connection supporting way for changing reinforcing fiber spaced points
The expansion characteristics of microballoon foaming agent adjust the puffed degree of plate, gained plate in post forming can bulk extension and make thickness
Reach original 5-10 times, further according to properties of product requirement by adjust it is puffing after compression ratio, on demand pressing obtain it is different
The inner and outer decorative parts of automobile product of intensity, rigidity and acoustic resistance characteristic.The further ultra lightweightings of traditional lightweight GMT are efficiently solved to be stranded
The defects of difficulty penetrates into air capacity deficiency, and product design freedom and NVH performances far lag behind external imported product.But through dipping
Technique introduces microballoon foaming agent, and rear road feltwork drying is difficult, and energy consumption is big, is unfavorable for continuous production.And pass through impregnation technology
Foam microspheres are introduced inside feltwork, microballoon is easy to cause and is unevenly distributed, so as to influence its mechanical property.
Reinforcing fiber, thermoplastic resin powder and microballoon foaming agent are scattered in and are with the addition of table by patent 200680020471.2
In the bubble liquid of face activating agent, mesh (also known as paper process) is made by copy paper method, but this manufacturing method needs complicated knot
The device of structure, operation, technique are also very miscellaneous, while larger pollution can be caused to environment.Make due to the use of interfacial agent
The high price foam solution of reinforcing fiber, thermoplastic resin powder and the modulation of microballoon foaming agent, so cost is also relatively high.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards.The present invention
In existing light GMT dry carding into one of dusting technique is increased on the basis of felt, microballoon foaming agent is dispersed in felt
Net is internal, and it is reinforcement, thermoplastic synthetic fiber for bonding matrix to be made using reinforcing fiber, and microballoon foaming agent is filling-modified material
The high-strength light GMT composite boards of material.
The composite board helps plate bulk extension when reheating is molded due to the expansion characteristics of microballoon foaming agent
To 5-10 times of original thickness, can according to properties of product requirement by adjust it is puffing after compression ratio and by microballoon foaming agent
Impregnation is squeezed, pressing obtains high intensity, the inner and outer decorative parts of automobile product of high rigidity on demand.In addition to secondary, microballoon foaming agent draws
Enter also to make the connection mode between material internal glass fibre feltwork more diversified, in addition to traditional point connection, microballoon foaming agent
The glass fibre on its periphery is bound together as connection bridge, is connected to each other again between microballoon foaming agent, these are various
The connection mode of change makes feltwork structure inside GMT composite boards that radical change have occurred, and product mechanical performance is obviously improved, so as to
It is made to reduce own material dosage on the premise of vehicle safety and strength characteristics is ensured, realizes the purpose of ultralightization.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is illustrated below：
A kind of preparation method of ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards for inner and outer decorative parts of automobile, will be micro- with the technique of dusting
Ball foaming agent, which is introduced into, in blend fibre composite felt, to be set by the way that continuous type is compound made of the thermoplastic synthetic fiber and reinforcing fiber
It is reinforcement that standby hot pressing, which is made by reinforcing fiber, and thermoplastic synthetic fiber is bonding matrix, and microballoon foaming agent is filling modifying agent
Automobile interior exterior decorations with ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards.
As a further improvement, the present invention's specifically includes following steps：
1), by reinforcing fiber and thermoplastic synthetic fiber with 30wt%:70wt%-70wt%:The ratio mixing of 30wt%
Uniformly, uniform filament web is made through shredding, mixing, combing by nonwovens process, the surface density of filament web is 25-
35g/m2；
2), microballoon foaming agent is dispersed in by dusting technique after carding step, before cross lapping process
Filament web surface, based on the total weight of single fiber net, the content for being sprinkled into microballoon foaming agent is the 1wt%- of single web quality
10wt%；
3) filament web, containing microballoon foaming agent is made certain grammes per square metre, uniformly disperses through cross lapping, pin thorn consolidation
There is the blended composite fibrofelt of microballoon foaming agent；
4) the blended composite fibrofelt, obtained again by continuous type composite pressure plate equipment, pressurize, be multiple by preheated, heat bonding
It closes lower fabric, cooling and cutting and obtains final ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards, 160-190 DEG C of preheating temperature.
As a further improvement, the surface density of the GMT composite boards prepared by the present invention is 500-2000g/m2, body is close
It spends for 0.05-0.5g/cm3。
As a further improvement, thermoplastic synthetic fiber of the present invention is polypropylene fibre PP, polyethylene fibre
PE, polyester fiber PET, ES fiber, nylon fiber PA, one or more of；The reinforcing fiber is glass fibre, carbon is fine
One or more of dimension, basalt fibre, plant fiber.
As a further improvement, microballoon foaming agent of the present invention is by polymeric shells and its internal foaming agent structure
Into wherein polymeric shells are the individual layer or double-layer structure that acrylic polymer is formed, and foaming agent is ethane, propane, third
One or more of alkene, iso-butane, butylene, isobutene, pentane, isopentane, petroleum ether, the grain size of microballoon foaming agent are
15-40 microns, maximum foam volume multiplying power is 5-10 times, and size is 75-400 microns after foaming, and foaming initial temperature is 160-
210℃。
As a further improvement, in step 4) of the present invention, the composite material step between pressurization and cooling includes
Compound upper epidermis and/or following table shell fabric, the upper epidermis and/or following table shell fabric be selected from polypropylene glued membrane, polyethylene glued membrane,
One or more of EVA adhesive film, EAA glued membranes, polyester film, hot-melt adhesive powder, non-woven fabrics or weather-proof, enhancing composite membrane.
The present invention has the following advantages that compared with the prior art and advantageous effect:
Firstth, microballoon foaming agent is dispersed in inside blend fibre felt by dusting technique, compared to patent
Described in CN201610763845.5 by impregnation technology by microballoon foaming agent introduce blended composite fibrofelt technique it is simpler,
Operation is more flexible, is more suitable for continuous production, while also has the advantage of low cost；It is same compared to patent 200680020471.2
Sample reduces manufacture cost, also smaller to the pollution of environment without preparing high price bubble liquid.
Secondth, in addition to traditional point connection, microballoon foaming agent also plays obtained GMT composite boards inside it
The effect of connection is bound together while bonding each other with the reinforcing fiber on periphery, and multiple connection mode causes feltwork
Internal structure generation sexually revises at all, and the mechanical performance of product is significantly improved.Meanwhile prepared composite board is two
In secondary forming process, microballoon foaming agent expands, and plays a part of support.In reinforcing fiber internal stress and microballoon foaming agent
Under double action, the thickness of composite plate can be original 5-10 times, while its intensity is improved compared to traditional GMT composite materials
2-4 times.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is feltwork structure chart inside the ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards prepared using the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the automobile prepared with ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards prepared by the present invention with traditional lightweight GMT composite boards
The inside feltwork Structure Comparison figure of inner and outer decorative parts.
Specific embodiment
Further detailed description, but embodiments of the present invention are done to the present invention with reference to specific embodiments and the drawings
It is not limited to that.
Embodiment one：
A kind of ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards for being used to prepare automobile bottom backplate, by polypropylene fibre 1 as bonding base
Body, glass fibre 2 are puffing more micro- than effect as reinforcement and with glass fibre spaced points connection mode adjustment plate is changed
Ball foaming agent 3 forms.Its specific preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) by polypropylene fibre 1 and glass fibre 2 with 60wt%:The ratio of 40wt% is uniformly mixed, and is knitted by non-
It makes technique and uniform filament web is made through shredding, mixing, combing.
(2) microballoon foaming agent is dispersed in by dusting technique by the filament web surface combed, wherein microballoon is sent out
The content of infusion is the 5wt% of filament web quality.
(3) filament web containing microballoon foaming agent is carrying out cross lapping, pin thorn consolidation, and obtaining uniformly dispersing has microballoon
The blended composite fibrofelt of foaming agent.
(4) the homodisperse blended composite fibrofelt for having microballoon foaming agent is supplied in continuous type composite pressure plate equipment,
Preheated, heat bonding, pressurization, the compound Weatherproof PP glued membranes of upper epidermis, layer composite hydrophobic refuse oily non-woven fabrics, cool down and cut
The ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards of obtained automobile bottom backplate are cut, the surface density of composite board is 1000g/m2。
The ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards of gained are prepared into automobile bottom backplate by following technique：
(1) composite board is put into baking oven, is heated to 180-210 DEG C, make plate in 2 internal stress of glass fibre and microballoon
Under the double action of foaming agent 3, thickness is bulk to extend to original 5 times；
(2) according to bottom sheeting product performance requirement, the compression ratio after adjusting is puffing is molded as thickness as 4mm, and volume density is
0.25g/m3Automobile bottom sheeting product.
Comparative example 1：
A kind of traditional lightweight GMT composite boards for being used to prepare automobile bottom backplate have fine as the polypropylene of bonding matrix
Dimension 1 and the glass fibre 2 as reinforcement form.Its specific preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) polypropylene fibre 1 and glass fibre 2 are pressed into 60wt%:40wt% ratios are uniformly mixed, and pass through nonwovens process
Through shredding, mixing, combing, cross lapping, pin thorn consolidation, blended composite fibrofelt is made；
(2) blended composite fibrofelt is supplied in continuous type composite pressure plate equipment, preheated, heat bonding, pressurization, upper table
The compound Weatherproof PP glued membranes of layer, layer composite hydrophobic refuse oily non-woven fabrics, cooling and cutting and automobile bottom backplate tradition are made
Light GMT composite board, the surface density of composite board is 1000g/m2。
Gained traditional lightweight GMT composite boards are prepared into automobile bottom backplate by following technique：
(1) composite board is put into baking oven, is heated to 180-210 DEG C, plate is only in the effect of 2 internal stress of glass fibre
Under, thickness bulk can only extend to original 2 times；
(2) according to bottom sheeting product performance requirement, the compression ratio after adjusting is puffing is molded as thickness as 4mm, and volume density is
0.25g/m3Automobile bottom sheeting product.
Comparative example 2：
A kind of traditional lightweight GMT composite boards for being used to prepare automobile bottom backplate have fine as the polypropylene of bonding matrix
Dimension 1 and the glass fibre 2 as reinforcement form.Its specific preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) polypropylene fibre 1 and glass fibre 2 are pressed into 60wt%:40wt% ratios are uniformly mixed, and pass through nonwovens process
Through shredding, mixing, combing, cross lapping, pin thorn consolidation, blended composite fibrofelt is made；
(2) blended composite fibrofelt is supplied in continuous type composite pressure plate equipment, preheated, heat bonding, pressurization, upper table
The compound Weatherproof PP glued membranes of layer, layer composite hydrophobic refuse oily non-woven fabrics, cooling and cutting and automobile bottom backplate tradition are made
Light GMT composite board, the surface density of composite board is 1400g/m2。
Gained traditional lightweight GMT composite boards are prepared into automobile bottom backplate by following technique：
(1) composite board is put into baking oven, is heated to 180-210 DEG C, plate is only in the effect of 2 internal stress of glass fibre
Under, thickness bulk can only extend to original 2.5 times；
(2) according to bottom sheeting product performance requirement, the compression ratio after adjusting is puffing is molded as thickness as 4mm, and volume density is
0.35g/m3Automobile bottom sheeting product.
Comparative example 3：
A kind of traditional lightweight GMT composite plates for being used to prepare automobile bottom backplate are prepared with reference to patent CN201610763845.5
Material is made of the polypropylene fibre 1 as bonding matrix and the glass fibre 2 as reinforcement.Its specific preparation method includes
Following steps：
(1) polypropylene fibre 1 and glass fibre 2 are pressed into 60wt%:40wt% ratios are uniformly mixed, and pass through nonwovens process
Through shredding, mixing, combing, cross lapping, pin thorn consolidation, blended composite fibrofelt is made；
(2) by existing light GMT dry carding into road after felt technique, by fibrofelt impregnation technology in GMT feltworks
Middle introducing microballoon foaming agent 3 obtains composite fibrofelt.
(3) composite fibrofelt is supplied in continuous type composite pressure plate equipment, preheated, heat bonding, pressurization, upper epidermis are multiple
Close Weatherproof PP glued membranes, layer composite hydrophobic refuses oily non-woven fabrics, automobile bottom backplate is made with ultralight high-strength in cooling and cutting
GMT composite boards, the surface density of composite board is 1000g/m2。
The ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards of gained are prepared into automobile bottom backplate by following technique：
(1) composite board is put into baking oven, is heated to 180-210 DEG C, plate is only in the effect of 2 internal stress of glass fibre
Under, thickness bulk can only extend to original 2.5 times；
(2) according to bottom sheeting product performance requirement, the compression ratio after adjusting is puffing is molded as thickness as 4mm, and volume density is
0.25g/m3Automobile bottom sheeting product.
The ultralight high-strength GMT composite plates prepared using the present invention, referenced patent CN20161076384 are shown in the following table 1
The performance comparison of the bottom backplate of the 5.5 ultralight high-strength GMT composite plates prepared and traditional lightweight GMT composite plates molding.
Table 1
Embodiment 1 introduces microballoon foaming agent 3 inside the feltwork of existing light GMT composite board, microballoon foaming agent 3
It introduces so that the connection mode between glass fibre 2 is more diversified.In addition to traditional point connection, microballoon foaming agent 3 is used as bridge
The glass fibre 2 on its periphery is bound together by beam, is connected to each other again between microballoon foaming agent 3, as shown in Figure 1, these are more
The connection mode of sample causes the inside feltwork structure of composite board that the change of essence has occurred.Fig. 2 compared 1 He of embodiment
In comparative example 1 inside feltwork as a result, finding the feltwork internal glass fibers 2 of embodiment 1 between be connected to each other, and comparative example
Simply simple point connects glass fibre 2 in 2.Bottom backplate is compared under same isodensity, embodiment 1 compares 1 mechanical performance of comparative example
It is obviously improved, it is suitable with the mechanical performance of traditional high density GMT composite boards comparative example 2.Ensure vehicle safety performance and
On the premise of mechanical performance, the weight of material is reduced, realizes the purpose of ultra lightweighting.And by existing lightweight in comparative example 3
GMT dry cardings introduce class prepared by microballoon foaming agent 3 by fibrofelt impregnation technology into road after felt technique in GMT feltworks
The ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards of automobile bottom backplate are used to prepare like this patent similar product.Increase in process compared to this patent
Dipping, baking operation are added, mass energy is wasted in the moisture drying brought by impregnation technology, thus throughput rate is low；Together
When, the gravity of moisture drives microballoon foaming agent to flow to feltwork bottom surface, and microballoon foaming agent in material is caused to be unevenly distributed, and reunites
In unilateral side, enhancing effect cannot fully demonstrate.
Embodiment two：
A kind of ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards for being used to prepare roof of the vehicle, by ES fibers as bonding matrix, flaxen fiber
Puffing 3 groups of the microballoon foaming agent than effect of plate is adjusted as reinforcement and with reinforcing fiber spaced points connection mode is changed
Into.Its specific preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) by ES fibers and flaxen fiber with 55wt%:The ratio of 45wt% is uniformly mixed, and is passed through by nonwovens process
Shredding, mixing comb obtained uniform filament web.
(2) microballoon foaming agent is dispersed in by dusting technique by the filament web surface combed, wherein microballoon is sent out
The content of infusion is the 10wt% of filament web quality.
(3) filament web containing microballoon foaming agent is carrying out cross lapping, pin thorn consolidation, and obtaining uniformly dispersing has microballoon
The blended composite fibrofelt of foaming agent.
(4) blended composite fibrofelt is supplied in continuous type composite pressure plate equipment, preheated, heat bonding, pressurization, following table
Layer compound weather-proof enhancing composite membrane, upper epidermis composite hydrophobic refuse oily non-woven fabrics, cooling and cutting and automobile bottom backplate are made with ultralight
High-strength GMT composite boards, the surface density of composite board is 600g/m2。
The ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards of gained are molded as roof of the vehicle component by following technique：
(1) composite board is put into baking oven, is heated to 180-210 DEG C, plate is made to be sent out in flaxen fiber internal stress and microballoon
Under the double action of infusion 3, thickness is bulk to extend to original 8 times；
(2) according to bottom sheeting product performance requirement, the compression ratio after adjusting is puffing is molded as thickness as 5mm, and volume density is
0.12g/m3Automobile bottom sheeting product.
Comparative example 4：
A kind of traditional lightweight GMT composite boards for being used to prepare roof of the vehicle, there is the ES fibers and work as bonding matrix
It is formed for the flaxen fiber of reinforcement.Its specific preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) ES fibers and flaxen fiber are pressed into 55wt%:45wt% ratios are uniformly mixed, by nonwovens process through shredding,
Mixing, combing, cross lapping, pin thorn consolidation, are made blended composite fibrofelt；
(2) blended composite fibrofelt is supplied in continuous type composite pressure plate equipment, preheated, heat bonding, pressurization, following table
Layer compound weather-proof enhancing composite membrane, upper surface composite hydrophobic refuse oily non-woven fabrics, cooling and cutting and roof of the vehicle tradition are made gently
Matter GMT composite boards, the surface density of composite board is 600g/m2。
Gained traditional lightweight GMT composite boards are molded as roof of the vehicle component by following technique：
(1) composite board is put into baking oven, is heated to 180-210 DEG C, plate only under the action of flaxen fiber internal stress,
Thickness bulk can only extend to original 2 times；
(2) according to bottom sheeting product performance requirement, the compression ratio after adjusting is puffing is molded as thickness as 5mm, and volume density is
0.12g/m3Automobile bottom sheeting product.
Comparative example 5：
A kind of traditional lightweight GMT composite boards for being used to prepare roof of the vehicle, there is the ES fibers and work as bonding matrix
It is formed for the flaxen fiber of reinforcement.Its specific preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) ES fibers and flaxen fiber are pressed into 55wt%:45wt% ratios are uniformly mixed, by nonwovens process through shredding,
Mixing, combing, cross lapping, pin thorn consolidation, are made blended composite fibrofelt；
(2) blended composite fibrofelt is supplied in continuous type composite pressure plate equipment, preheated, heat bonding, pressurization, following table
Layer compound weather-proof enhancing composite membrane, upper surface composite hydrophobic refuse oily non-woven fabrics, cooling and cutting and roof of the vehicle tradition are made gently
Matter GMT composite boards, the surface density of composite board is 800g/m2。
Gained traditional lightweight GMT composite boards are molded as roof of the vehicle component by following technique：
(1) composite board is put into baking oven, is heated to 180-210 DEG C, plate is only in the effect of 2 internal stress of glass fibre
Under, thickness bulk can only extend to original 3 times；
(2) according to bottom sheeting product performance requirement, the compression ratio after adjusting is puffing is molded as thickness as 5mm, and volume density is
0.16g/m3Automobile bottom sheeting product.
Show that the ultralight high-strength GMT composite plates prepared using the present invention and traditional lightweight GMT composite plates are moulded in the following table 2
Ceiling performance comparison.
Table 2
Embodiment 2 introduces microballoon foaming agent 3 inside the feltwork of existing light GMT composite board, with the original of embodiment 1
It manages identical：The introducing of microballoon foaming agent 3 so that the connection mode between flaxen fiber is more diversified, in addition to traditional point connection,
The flaxen fiber on its periphery is bound together by microballoon foaming agent 3 as bridge, is connected to each other again between flaxen fiber so that compound
The change of essence has occurred in the inside feltwork structure of plate.Compared with the comparative example 4 under isodensity mechanical performance improve it is bright
It is aobvious and suitable with the mechanical performance of traditional high density GMT composite boards comparative example 5.Ensureing vehicle safety performance and machinery
On the premise of performance, the weight of material is reduced, realizes the purpose of ultra lightweighting.
Listed above is only some specific embodiments of the present invention, it is clear that the invention is not restricted to above example, may be used also
With there are many all changes that deformation, those of ordinary skill in the art directly can be exported or associated from present disclosure
Shape is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the preparation method of a kind of ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards for inner and outer decorative parts of automobile, which is characterized in that with dusting
Microballoon foaming agent is introduced into made of the thermoplastic synthetic fiber and reinforcing fiber in blend fibre composite felt, by continuous by technique
It is reinforcement that type equipment complex hot pressing, which is made by reinforcing fiber, and thermoplastic synthetic fiber is bonding matrix, and microballoon foaming agent is to fill out
Fill the ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards of automobile interior exterior decorations of modifying agent.
2. the preparation method of the ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards according to claim 1 for inner and outer decorative parts of automobile, special
Sign is, specifically includes following steps：
1), by reinforcing fiber and thermoplastic synthetic fiber with 30wt%:70wt%-70wt%:The ratio of 30wt% is uniformly mixed,
Uniform filament web is made through shredding, mixing, combing by nonwovens process, the surface density of filament web is 25-35g/m2；
2) microballoon foaming agent, is dispersed in by single fiber by dusting technique after carding step, before cross lapping process
Net surface is tieed up, based on the total weight of single fiber net, the content for being sprinkled into microballoon foaming agent is the 1wt%-10wt% of single web quality；
3) filament web, containing microballoon foaming agent through cross lapping, pin thorn consolidation, be made certain grammes per square metre, it is homodisperse have it is micro-
The blended composite fibrofelt of ball foaming agent；
4) the blended composite fibrofelt, obtained again by continuous type composite pressure plate equipment, preheated, heat bonding, pressurization, it is compound on
Lower fabric, cooling and cutting obtain final ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards, 160-190 DEG C of preheating temperature.
3. the preparation method of the ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards according to claim 1 or 2 for inner and outer decorative parts of automobile,
It is characterized in that, the surface density of prepared GMT composite boards is 500-2000g/m2, volume density 0.05-0.5g/cm3。
4. the preparation method of the ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards according to claim 1 or 2 for inner and outer decorative parts of automobile,
It is characterized in that, the thermoplastic synthetic fiber is polypropylene fibre PP, polyethylene fibre PE, polyester fiber PET, ES fibre
Dimension, nylon fiber PA, one or more of；The reinforcing fiber is glass fibre, carbon fiber, basalt fibre, plant
One or more of fiber.
5. the preparation method of the ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards for inner and outer decorative parts of automobile according to claim 1 or 3,
It is characterized in that the microballoon foaming agent is made of the polymeric shells foaming agent internal with it, wherein polymeric shells are third
Olefin(e) acid esters polymer form individual layer or double-layer structure, foaming agent for ethane, propane, propylene, iso-butane, butylene, isobutene,
One or more of pentane, isopentane, petroleum ether, the grain size of microballoon foaming agent is 15-40 microns, maximum foam volume times
Rate is 5-10 times, and size is 75-400 microns after foaming, and foaming initial temperature is 160-210 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of the ultralight high-strength GMT composite boards according to claim 1 for inner and outer decorative parts of automobile, special
Sign is, in the step 4), the composite material step between pressurization and cooling includes compound upper epidermis and/or following table level
Material, the upper epidermis and/or following table shell fabric are selected from polypropylene glued membrane, polyethylene glued membrane, EVA adhesive film, EAA glued membranes, polyester
One or more of film, hot-melt adhesive powder, non-woven fabrics or weather-proof, enhancing composite membrane.
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| CN108859335A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-23 | 合肥泰宇汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of new automobile bottom backplate and its production technology |
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| CN111376538A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-07-07 | 浙江华江科技股份有限公司 | Flame-retardant light GMT composite board for automobile interior and exterior parts and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112060265A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-12-11 | 扬州超峰汽车内饰件有限公司 | Decorative board and preparation method thereof |
| CN112606443A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-06 | 合肥杰迈特汽车新材料有限公司 | Processing technology of ultra-light GMT plate |
| CN112848367A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 浙江华江科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of novel vehicle ultra-light high-strength GMT composite board |
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