CN111375989A - Manufacturing method of spatial corner elbow - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of spatial corner elbow Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111375989A CN111375989A CN201811640237.0A CN201811640237A CN111375989A CN 111375989 A CN111375989 A CN 111375989A CN 201811640237 A CN201811640237 A CN 201811640237A CN 111375989 A CN111375989 A CN 111375989A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007705 chemical test Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910019582 Cr V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013003 hot bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a space corner elbow, which comprises the following steps: forging the steel ingot into a round bar with a specified length and diameter; processing the round bar into a round pipe with a specified thickness by a lathe; heating the round tube to 1100 ℃ and preserving the heat for 2.5-3 hours; bending and forming a round pipe through the steps of pre-forging, step-by-step forming and shaping by a die and a hydraulic machine to obtain a space corner bent pipe; machining the space corner elbow to obtain a space corner elbow; the shape and the inner hole size of the elbow are close to the size of a finished product, only the end welding groove needs to be processed, and the cost of raw materials, heat treatment and machining can be saved. The domestic elbow replaces an imported elbow forging, so that the transportation cost of imported products can be saved, and the cost of the whole boiler is reduced. The mold can be repeatedly used, the production efficiency is high, and the product quality is stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of elbow manufacturing, in particular to a manufacturing method of a space corner elbow.
Background
The spouted bed gasifier is a new technology with development prospect in the world of 80 years, and is owned by advanced countries such as the United states, the Netherlands, Germany, Spain, Japan and the like, and only a small number of countries own manufacturing technologies, in particular, an internal heat transfer system of the gasifier, which adopts a large amount of high-alloy materials to manufacture pipes with various shapes and complicated and special shapes and geometric dimensions, wherein the internal heat transfer system of the gasifier at present gradually starts to be localized after years of introduction, digestion and absorption, but is only researched and developed by a few units.
Although the domestic state is still in the beginning stage, the manufacturing of the gasification furnace will form a development trend. In order to improve the efficiency of energy and reduce environmental pollution, the IGCC technology is inevitably developed at a high speed in the future development process. The high-temperature alloy elbow is mainly used for connecting important component parts between IGCC boiler pipelines. Besides the requirement of better high-plasticity index, the requirement of high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and good processability, so that the purity of raw materials, good metal flow line of the elbow and good hardenability of heat treatment must be ensured. The forging has the characteristics of high requirements on raw materials, forging, bending, heat treatment and machining, high difficulty, short production period and the like. The size of the spatial corner elbow is more complex, the requirement on machining precision is higher, the machining is not facilitated due to the narrow center distance, the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the elbow are fully considered in the pressing process for one-step forming, and therefore the requirement on the influence of the stretching of the material on the wall thickness reduction is very high. The welding groove of the finished product has the processing difficulty which can not be ignored due to the compact size and structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the existing defects, the invention provides a manufacturing method of a space corner elbow, which adopts a bending pressing method, only needs to process an end welding groove when the shape and the inner hole size of the elbow are close to the size of a finished product, and can save the cost of raw materials, heat treatment and machining.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of manufacturing a spatial corner elbow, the method comprising the steps of:
forging the steel ingot into a round bar with a specified length and diameter;
processing the round bar into a round pipe with a specified thickness by a lathe;
heating the round tube to 1100 ℃ and preserving the heat for 2.5-3 hours;
bending and forming a round pipe through the steps of pre-forging, step-by-step forming and shaping by a die and a hydraulic machine to obtain a space corner bent pipe;
and machining the space corner elbow to obtain the space corner elbow.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the distribution shaping comprises: firstly, pressing a pre-forged pipe into a bent pipe through a first die, and pressing the bent pipe into a space corner bent pipe through a second die.
According to one aspect of the invention, the pre-forging is specifically: and radially flattening the heated circular tube, wherein the size of the heated circular tube is 1.5-2mm smaller than that of the die cavity.
According to one aspect of the invention, the step of forging the ingot into a round bar of given length and diameter comprises: the initial forging temperature of the steel ingot is 1100 +/-20 ℃, and the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃; the total forging ratio is more than or equal to about 3.5; forged into a round bar with the diameter of 48 mm.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the machining of the round bar into a round tube having a prescribed thickness by the lathe includes: the parameters of the round tube include: the outer diameter is 32mm and the wall thickness is 6.5 mm.
According to one aspect of the invention, the step of machining the space corner elbow to obtain the space corner elbow is performed before the following steps are performed: and carrying out heat treatment operation on the space corner bent pipe.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the heat treatment operation comprises: the space corner bent pipe is put into an electric furnace with the furnace temperature less than or equal to 400 ℃ and heated to the annealing temperature of 1020 and 1050 ℃ for heat preservation for 50-60 minutes after 1-1.5 hours, and then quenched in water.
According to one aspect of the invention, the manufacturing method comprises the steps of: and performing physical and chemical tests on the space corner bent pipe subjected to heat treatment.
According to one aspect of the invention, the manufacturing method comprises the steps of: and (5) carrying out finished product inspection on the spatial corner elbow.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the product inspection comprises: and (5) checking the sizes of all gears and the passing ball of the steel ball with the inner diameter of 85 percent one by one according to a finished product drawing.
The implementation of the invention has the advantages that: the manufacturing method of the space corner elbow comprises the following steps: forging the steel ingot into a round bar with a specified length and diameter; processing the round bar into a round pipe with a specified thickness by a lathe; heating the round tube to 1100 ℃ and preserving the heat for 2.5-3 hours; bending and forming a round pipe through the steps of pre-forging, step-by-step forming and shaping by a die and a hydraulic machine to obtain a space corner bent pipe; machining the space corner elbow to obtain a space corner elbow; the shape and the inner hole size of the elbow are close to the size of a finished product, only the end welding groove needs to be processed, and the cost of raw materials, heat treatment and machining can be saved. The domestic elbow replaces an imported elbow forging, so that the transportation cost of imported products can be saved, and the cost of the whole boiler is reduced. The mold can be repeatedly used, the production efficiency is high, and the product quality is stable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a manufacturing method of a spatial corner elbow according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second mold of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a finished spatial corner elbow product according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, a method for manufacturing a spatial corner elbow includes the following steps:
step S1: forging the steel ingot into a round bar with a specified length and diameter;
the space corner elbow is made of a nickel-based alloy UNS N06600 material, and steel ingots are purchased strictly according to the stipulations of chemical components, so that the existence of impurities and other harmful elements is reduced as much as possible. The purity and uniformity of the steel ingot are ensured by adopting an external refining process technology. The chemical composition requirements are as follows:
chemical composition table
| Element(s) | C | Si | Mn | S | Cr | V | Ni | Cu | Fe |
| Standard of merit | 0.15 | 0.50 | ≤1.00 | 0.015 | 14～17 | 0.15-0.30 | ≥72.0 | ≤0.50 | 6.0-10.0 |
| Finished product | 0.06 | 0.14 | 0.59 | 0.001 | 15.68 | 0.20 | 74.3 | 0.04 | 8.52 |
The forge piece is required to have a certain collocation of strong plasticity indexes, and the forge piece is required to have a certain uniformity. Therefore, before bending, the blank needs to be subjected to repeated pier drawing, so that the total forging ratio is more than or equal to 3.5, the compactness of the forge piece is optimized, and the integrity of a metal streamline is improved; roughly machining the cut materials into a tubular shape (phi 32 x 6.5, L is 80), and inspecting the surface of the tubular shape to ensure that the tubular shape has no harmful defects such as cracks, folds and the like; the flow change condition of the blank in the die is checked by utilizing a computer metal original simulation technology, the thickness reduction quantity of the outer side wall of the elbow after final shaping is ensured to be not less than 90% of the wall thickness, and the influence of no accumulation of the thickness of the inner side wall is the passing of a steel ball with the inner diameter size of 85%.
The initial forging temperature of the steel ingot designed at this time is as follows: 1100 plus or minus 20 ℃, and the finish forging temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃; the total forging ratio is more than or equal to about 3.5; forged into a round bar of phi 48 x L, in this example L is 80 mm.
Step S2: processing the round bar into a round pipe with a specified thickness by a lathe;
after cutting, the material is roughly processed into a tube shape (phi 32 x 6.5, L80). The parameters of the round tube include: the outer diameter is 32mm, the wall thickness is 6.5mm, and the length is 80 mm.
Step S3: heating the round tube to 1100 ℃ and preserving the heat for 2.5-3 hours;
step S4: bending and forming a round pipe through the steps of pre-forging, step-by-step forming and shaping by a die and a hydraulic machine to obtain a space corner bent pipe;
the hot bending process begins by collapsing the preforging, radially collapsing the heated tube to a size less than the die cavity size by 1.5-2 mm. And after rotating the pre-forged pipe by 85 degrees in the circumferential direction, putting the pre-forged pipe into a die for pressing. The radial height of the flattened tube is fully considered in the process, so that the material can completely fill the die cavity without flash overflow, the undercut of the die is avoided, the abrasion of the die is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 2, the design of the mold adopts a two-body upper and lower mold structure, and the mold comprises a first mold 1 and a second mold 2, wherein the first mold is used for bending pipes, and the second mold is used for corner turning. The bending process comprises pre-forging, step-by-step forming and shaping. The cavity of the mould is smooth and round to ensure the full shape of the elbow after the mould is positioned.
The finite element simulation technology is utilized for simulation, the mold is machined after the theoretical scheme is feasible, the bending mold is designed according to the size of the forge piece, the bending process of the three-dimensional elbow is divided into 2 times of pressing, the reasonable design of the die parting surface at the die cavity 1/2 of the integral mold needs to be fully considered for the die for bending each time, the forge piece can be demoulded at the first time, and the high-efficiency production is realized. The size of the die cavity needs to fully consider the influence of the thermal expansion coefficient of 10-12.5mm/M on the size of the forging when the pipe is heated to 1100 ℃, if necessary, the die is repaired to meet the size requirement of the forging, the appearance of the forging is prevented from being machined, and the machining time is saved. And (3) mounting the die on a station of a hydraulic machine, and enabling the die to contact a parting surface through the movement of the station to finish elbow pressing. Step S5: and machining the space corner elbow to obtain the space corner elbow.
And special dies for mounting equipment such as a universal digital display milling machine, a numerical control machine tool and the like are adopted to machine the welding groove, so that the dimensional precision and the smoothness can meet the requirements.
In practical application, the following steps are performed before the step of machining the space corner bent pipe to obtain the space corner bent pipe is performed: and carrying out heat treatment operation on the space corner bent pipe. The heat treatment operation comprises: the space corner bent pipe is put into an electric furnace with the furnace temperature less than or equal to 400 ℃ and heated to the annealing temperature of 1020 and 1050 ℃ for heat preservation for 50-60 minutes after 1-1.5 hours, and then quenched in water.
In practical application, the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: and performing physical and chemical tests on the space corner bent pipe subjected to heat treatment. The sample is stretched and impacted on a round bar sample material which is the same as the smelting furnace number and is replaced by the same heat treatment process, physical and chemical data obtained in the test meet the requirements of purchasing technical conditions (see a mechanical property table), chemical data (see a legal composition table) and intercrystalline corrosion test samples are observed to have no corrosion phenomenon through a magnifying lens bent by 10 times.
Mechanical property meter
In practical application, the manufacturing method comprises the following steps: and (5) carrying out finished product inspection on the spatial corner elbow. The finished product inspection comprises the following steps: and (5) checking the sizes of all gears and the passing ball of the steel ball with the inner diameter of 85 percent one by one according to a finished product drawing.
The implementation of the invention has the advantages that: the manufacturing method of the space corner elbow comprises the following steps: forging the steel ingot into a round bar with a specified length and diameter; processing the round bar into a round pipe with a specified thickness by a lathe; heating the round tube to 1100 ℃ and preserving the heat for 2.5-3 hours; bending and forming a round pipe through the steps of pre-forging, step-by-step forming and shaping by a die and a hydraulic machine to obtain a space corner bent pipe; machining the space corner elbow to obtain a space corner elbow; the shape and the inner hole size of the elbow are close to the size of a finished product, only the end welding groove needs to be processed, and the cost of raw materials, heat treatment and machining can be saved. The domestic elbow replaces an imported elbow forging, so that the transportation cost of imported products can be saved, and the cost of the whole boiler is reduced. The mold can be repeatedly used, the production efficiency is high, and the product quality is stable.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A manufacturing method of a spatial corner elbow is characterized by comprising the following steps:
forging the steel ingot into a round bar with a specified length and diameter;
processing the round bar into a round pipe with a specified thickness by a lathe;
heating the round tube to 1100 ℃ and preserving the heat for 2.5-3 hours;
a round pipe is subjected to pre-forging, step-by-step forming and shaping through a die and a hydraulic machine to obtain a spatial corner bent pipe;
and machining the space corner elbow to obtain the space corner elbow.
2. The manufacturing method of the space corner elbow as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-forging is as follows: and radially flattening the heated circular tube, wherein the size of the heated circular tube is 1.5-2mm smaller than that of the die cavity.
3. The method of manufacturing a spatial corner elbow according to claim 2, wherein the distributed shaping comprises: firstly, pressing a pre-forged pipe into a bent pipe through a first die, and pressing the bent pipe into a space corner bent pipe through a second die.
4. A method of manufacturing a space corner elbow according to claim 1, wherein the step of forging the ingot into a round bar of a given length and diameter comprises: the initial forging temperature of the steel ingot is 1100 +/-20 ℃, and the final forging temperature is more than or equal to 900 ℃; the total forging ratio is more than or equal to about 3.5; forged into a round bar with the diameter of 48 mm.
5. The method of manufacturing a space corner elbow according to claim 4, wherein the machining of the round bar into the round pipe having the predetermined thickness by the lathe includes: the parameters of the round tube include: the outer diameter is 32mm and the wall thickness is 6.5 mm.
6. The method of manufacturing a space corner elbow according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the step of machining the space corner elbow to obtain the space corner elbow is performed before the following steps are performed: and carrying out heat treatment operation on the space corner bent pipe.
7. The method of manufacturing a spatial corner elbow according to claim 6, wherein the heat treatment operation comprises: the space corner bent pipe is put into an electric furnace with the furnace temperature less than or equal to 400 ℃ and heated to the annealing temperature of 1020 and 1050 ℃ for heat preservation for 50-60 minutes after 1-1.5 hours, and then quenched in water.
8. The method of manufacturing a spatial corner elbow according to claim 7, comprising the steps of: and performing physical and chemical tests on the space corner bent pipe subjected to heat treatment.
9. The method of manufacturing a spatial corner elbow according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: and (5) carrying out finished product inspection on the spatial corner elbow.
10. The method of manufacturing a space corner elbow of claim 9, wherein the final product inspection comprises: and (5) checking the sizes of all gears and the passing ball of the steel ball with the inner diameter of 85 percent one by one according to a finished product drawing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811640237.0A CN111375989A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Manufacturing method of spatial corner elbow |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811640237.0A CN111375989A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Manufacturing method of spatial corner elbow |
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| CN111375989A true CN111375989A (en) | 2020-07-07 |
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| CN201811640237.0A Pending CN111375989A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | Manufacturing method of spatial corner elbow |
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| CN102240716A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-11-16 | 燕山大学 | Bending and horizontal type reshaping method of high-pressure bend |
| CN102240698A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-11-16 | 燕山大学 | Reducing and hot-pressing formation method for high-pressure bend elliptical pipe billet |
| CN102886400A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-23 | 盈都桥梁钢构工程有限公司 | Hot work bending technology for spatial hyperbolic circular tube |
| CN204122540U (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-28 | 浙江工业大学之江学院 | A kind of space is without straightway Curved Continuous pipe mold |
| CN107052079A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-08-18 | 四川三洲川化机核能设备制造有限公司 | A kind of forming method of the short radius high temperature alloy elbow of heavy caliber thick wall |
| CN107520328A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-12-29 | 保隆(安徽)汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of forming elbow method and bend pipe mould |
| CN109098828A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2018-12-28 | 芜湖鹤锐汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of three-element catalytic air inlet pipe and its manufacturing method |
-
2018
- 2018-12-29 CN CN201811640237.0A patent/CN111375989A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1058056B (en) * | 1975-04-21 | 1982-04-10 | Dresser Ind | PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CRANKSHAFT AND PRODUCT OBTAINED |
| CN101691895A (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2010-04-07 | 烟台台海玛努尔核电设备有限公司 | Manufacturing process for main pipe line of primary loop in AP1000 nuclear power technology |
| CN102240716A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-11-16 | 燕山大学 | Bending and horizontal type reshaping method of high-pressure bend |
| CN102240698A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-11-16 | 燕山大学 | Reducing and hot-pressing formation method for high-pressure bend elliptical pipe billet |
| CN102886400A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-23 | 盈都桥梁钢构工程有限公司 | Hot work bending technology for spatial hyperbolic circular tube |
| CN204122540U (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-28 | 浙江工业大学之江学院 | A kind of space is without straightway Curved Continuous pipe mold |
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