CN111375410A - Preparation method of graphite alkynyl catalyst - Google Patents

Preparation method of graphite alkynyl catalyst Download PDF

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CN111375410A
CN111375410A CN201811646311.XA CN201811646311A CN111375410A CN 111375410 A CN111375410 A CN 111375410A CN 201811646311 A CN201811646311 A CN 201811646311A CN 111375410 A CN111375410 A CN 111375410A
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catalyst
graphite
alkynyl
temperature
catalytic oxidation
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CN111375410B (en
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郭彦炳
潘传奇
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Central China Normal University
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Central China Normal University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/72Copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/864Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/207Transition metals
    • B01D2255/20761Copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00Catalysts
    • B01D2255/70Non-metallic catalysts, additives or dopants
    • B01D2255/702Carbon
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a graphite alkynyl catalyst, which comprises the following steps: adding the graphite alkyne powder into a precursor aqueous solution containing soluble copper salt, and uniformly dispersing the graphite alkyne powder by ultrasonic waves to obtain a dispersion liquid; drying the dispersion liquid at 50-80 ℃, and calcining under the protection of inert gas at the calcining temperature of 300-800 ℃. The invention creatively takes the graphyne as CuxThe copper oxide particles are successfully loaded on the surface of the graphite alkyne by the simple impregnation and calcination method of the carrier of O, the prepared catalyst has low-temperature catalytic oxidation activity on CO, the stability is not reduced due to long-time high-temperature test, and the economic benefit of the catalyst and the thermal stability of the catalyst are improved.

Description

Preparation method of graphite alkynyl catalyst
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a graphite alkynyl catalyst, and more particularly relates to a preparation method of a graphite alkynyl CO catalytic oxidation catalyst.
Background
Graphyne (Graphdiyne) has immediately attracted considerable interest in the scientific community since its first synthesis in 2010 and has become one of the most popular materials in recent years. Graphyne is a novel allotrope of carbon with a two-dimensional structure and an intrinsic band gap sp-Hybridization is carried out. Compared to the allotrope family of carbon, graphynes consist of sp only-And sp2-Hybridized carbon atom. The synthesis of graphdine promotes the research on the properties and applications of carbon materials. The unique structure and properties of graphdiynes have led to their use in lithium storage materials, electrochemical actuators,the fields of battery electrode materials, hydrogen evolution, photocatalysis and the like show various advantages. At present, fundamental and applied research around graphdiynes has been actively conducted worldwide.
Graphdines not only have the characteristics of planar two-dimensional materials similar to graphene, but also have the characteristics of three-dimensional porous materials. Sp of graphathiane-And sp2-The hybrid carbon network has high pi-conjugation, uniformly distributed pores and adjustable and enhanced electronic properties, and is considered to be a good candidate material for a nonmetal catalyst for low-temperature catalytic oxidation of CO. To date, Chenxin Cai et al, in 2014, successively proposed that graphyne can be used for catalytic oxidation of CO, and calculated the catalytic mechanism of graphyne and the catalyst of graphyne that may exist by a density functional catalyst (DFT), but the preparation and application of such catalysts have never been reported experimentally so far. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a method for preparing a catalyst for catalytic oxidation of CO from graphite alkynyl.
Many noble metals have been demonstrated to have high catalytic oxidation activity for CO, such as Au and Pt-based catalysts. However, how to effectively improve the activity of the catalyst for catalytic oxidation of CO and improve the stability of the catalyst still remains one of the technical problems to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a catalyst for catalytic oxidation of CO. The preparation method of the catalyst containing graphite alkynyl. In another aspect of the invention, the invention also relates to the catalyst and the application thereof.
In order to solve the technical problem of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
the invention relates to a preparation method of a graphite alkynyl catalyst, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding the graphite alkyne powder into a precursor aqueous solution containing soluble copper salt, and uniformly dispersing the graphite alkyne powder by ultrasonic waves to obtain a dispersion liquid;
drying the dispersion liquid at 50-80 ℃, and calcining under the protection of inert gas at the calcining temperature of 300-800 ℃.
According to the invention, through ultrasonic treatment, the prepared graphite alkynyl catalyst can be prevented from being uneven in surface and agglomerated, so that the catalytic activity of the catalyst is influenced. In addition, the method can decompose the soluble copper salt into Cu by calcining at 300-800 DEG CxO, also avoids decomposition of the graphdine itself.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the soluble copper salt is copper nitrate or a hydrate thereof.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the time period of the ultrasonic treatment is 20 minutes or more.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drying time is 10 to 20 hours.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inert gas is selected from one or more of nitrogen or argon.
The invention also relates to the graphite alkynyl catalyst prepared by the preparation method and application thereof. For the graphite alkynyl catalyst of the invention, Cu in the catalyst is Cu+And Cu2+The forms exist simultaneously. Preferably, the Cu+The Cu content is about 25 to 30 mass%. By mixing Cu+The ratio of (b) is controlled within the preferable range of the present invention, and the catalytic activity and catalytic stability of the catalyst can be improved.
For the graphite alkynyl catalyst of the present invention, it is preferably used for the catalytic oxidation of CO. Particularly preferably, the catalytic oxidation is low-temperature catalytic oxidation, wherein the low-temperature catalytic oxidation means that the temperature of the catalytic reaction is 120-200 ℃.
Although the impregnation method is a common method for preparing the catalyst in the field, the invention creatively takes the graphdiyne as CuxA carrier of O. Surprisingly, the method of the invention successfully loads copper oxide particles on the surface of the graphite alkyne by simple impregnation and calcination, and the prepared catalyst has low-temperature catalytic oxidation activity on CO and cannot be subjected to long-time high-temperature testResulting in the reduction of stability and improving the economic benefit of the catalyst and the thermal stability of the catalyst.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a graphite alkynyl catalyst prepared in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a particle size distribution plot of the graphite alkynyl catalyst prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a mapping chart of the graphite alkynyl catalyst prepared in example 1;
FIG. 4 is an XRD pattern of the graphite alkynyl catalyst prepared in example 1;
FIG. 5 is a Raman spectrum of the graphite alkynyl catalyst prepared in example 1;
FIG. 6 is an XPS spectrum of a graphite alkynyl catalyst prepared in example 1;
FIG. 7 is an XPS spectrum of a graphite alkynyl catalyst prepared in example 1;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the conversion efficiency of a catalyst catalyzing CO;
fig. 9 is a stability test chart of the catalyst.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the above technical solution is described in detail below with specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example 1:
according to the method recorded in the prior art, hexaalkynyl benzene is adopted to carry out cross coupling reaction under the catalytic action of a copper sheet, the graphite alkyne is prepared on the surface of the copper sheet, the obtained graphite alkyne powder is treated by acid and alkali with certain concentration, impurities such as Si, Cu and the like are removed, and finally, the graphite alkyne powder is obtained by high-temperature calcination under the protection of inert atmosphere;
38mg of copper nitrate trihydrate is weighed and dissolved in 20ml of ethanol solution, and when the copper nitrate is completely dissolved, a certain amount of copper nitrate solution is weighed and added into a beaker weighing 100mg of graphite alkyne powder, so that the mass ratio of Cu to C is 5%. Ultrasonically dispersing for 30min, transferring into a drying oven, drying at 60 deg.C for 12h, calcining the dried powder at 400 deg.C under protection of nitrogen atmosphere for 2h to obtain CuxO/Graphdiyne catalyst, catalystCu in the agent is Cu+And Cu2+Form (a) in which Cu is present+The ratio of Cu to Cu is about 25 to 30 mass%).
The related characterization results of the graphite alkynyl catalyst prepared in example 1 are shown in fig. 1-7. Derivation of Cu from characterization resultsxO/graphite alkynyl catalysts were successfully prepared. Scanning electron microscope results show that the copper oxide is granular and uniformly distributed on the surface of the graphite alkyne, and the average grain size is 230 nm. XRD, Raman and XPS characterization results also further prove that Cu is containedxSuccessfully preparing the O/graphite alkynyl catalyst.
Catalytic oxidation activity of copper oxide/graphite alkyne, copper oxide/activated carbon, copper oxide/graphene CO test: 60000 ml of gas space velocity (s.v.) at atmospheric pressure using 80 mg of catalyst at a flow rate of 80 ml per minute and a gas space velocity (s.v.) per gram per hour in a 5mm diameter tubular quartz reactor. The gas consists of 1 vol% CO and 5 vol% O2And N2Balance gas composition; the catalyst was heated from 30 ℃ to 250 ℃; the temperature was raised at a rate of 5 deg.C/s and then maintained for 30 minutes until the catalytic reaction reached a steady state. The stability test is carried out at 220 ℃, 255 ℃ and 250 ℃, the test atmosphere and the activity test condition are kept consistent, and the test time is 24 h.
The test results are shown in fig. 8 and 9. From FIG. 8, it can be seen that CuxThe O/graphite alkynyl catalyst shows the best catalytic oxidation activity and low-temperature activity. And from the stability test results shown in FIG. 9, CuxThe O/graphite alkynyl catalyst shows better stability, while the comparative sample CuxAfter 24h test, the activity of the O/active carbon is reduced by 70 percent, and the Cu content is reducedxThe catalytic activity of O/graphene is reduced to almost 0%.
The applicant states that the detailed embodiments of the present invention are described by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed embodiments, that is, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification to the present invention, equivalent replacement and addition of the present invention, selection of specific modes, etc. fall within the protection scope and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The preparation method of the graphite alkynyl catalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding the graphite alkyne powder into a precursor aqueous solution containing soluble copper salt, and uniformly dispersing the graphite alkyne powder by ultrasonic waves to obtain a dispersion liquid;
drying the dispersion liquid at 50-80 ℃, and calcining under the protection of inert gas at the calcining temperature of 300-800 ℃.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the soluble copper salt is copper nitrate or a hydrate thereof.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the time for the ultrasonication is 20 minutes or more.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the drying time is 10 to 20 hours.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inert gas is selected from one or more of nitrogen and argon.
6. The preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the graphite alkynyl catalyst is prepared by the method.
7. The graphite alkynyl catalyst of claim 6, wherein Cu in the catalyst is Cu+And Cu2+The forms exist simultaneously.
8. The graphite alkynyl catalyst of claim 7, the Cu+The Cu content is about 25 to 30 mass%.
9. Use of a graphite alkynyl catalyst as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8 for the catalytic oxidation of CO.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the catalytic oxidation is low-temperature catalytic oxidation, and the low-temperature catalytic oxidation is catalytic reaction at a temperature of 120-200 ℃.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116196928A (en) * 2023-03-02 2023-06-02 华中师范大学 Graphite alkynyl diatomic copper-cobalt catalyst and preparation method and application thereof

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PING WU等: "Graphyne-supported single Fe atom catalysts for CO oxidation", 《PHYS.CHEM.CHEM.PHYS.》 *
SAKTHIVEL THANGAVE等: "Graphdiyne-ZnO Nanohybrids as an Advanced Photocatalytic Material", 《J. PHYS. CHEM. C》 *
XIN GAO等: "Synthesis of Hierarchical Graphdiyne-Based Architecture for Efficient Solar Steam Generation", 《CHEM. MATER.》 *
XUE-PENG YIN等: "Engineering the Coordination Environment of Single-Atom Platinum Anchored on Graphdiyne for Optimizing Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution", 《ANGEW. CHEM. INT. ED.》 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116196928A (en) * 2023-03-02 2023-06-02 华中师范大学 Graphite alkynyl diatomic copper-cobalt catalyst and preparation method and application thereof

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