CN111370195A - High-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
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- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001257 Nb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;iron Chemical compound [AlH3].[Fe] KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;iron Chemical compound [Fe]#B ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper iron Chemical compound [Fe].[Cu] IYRDVAUFQZOLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron niobium Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe].[Nb] ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/14766—Fe-Si based alloys
- H01F1/14791—Fe-Si-Al based alloys, e.g. Sendust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0266—Moulding; Pressing
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Abstract
The invention provides a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material with high magnetic conductivity and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of magnetic materials, wherein the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material has the following molecular formula: fe73‑75Cu0.5‑ 0.7Nb3Si8B7Al2‑4. High-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material based on the aboveThe preparation method of the material comprises the following steps: (1) mixing iron-copper alloy, iron-niobium alloy, iron-silicon alloy, iron-boron alloy and iron-aluminum alloy, and smelting into mixed alloy; (2) breaking the mixed alloy into a first powder; (3) atomizing after the first powder is melted; (4) dividing the atomized powder into two parts for ball milling; (5) sieving the atomized powder subjected to ball milling, and embedding to obtain embedded particles; (6) putting the embedded particles into a mould, and performing compression molding; (7) and carrying out heat treatment on the blank formed by pressing, and cooling to obtain the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material. The powder with different particle diameters is obtained, the stacking density is improved, so that the relative density of the formed material is improved, and the magnetic conductivity is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic materials, and particularly relates to a high-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials are a new class of soft magnetic materials. Amorphous ribbons produced by melt rapid quenching (roll milling) begin to crystallize when heated above their crystallization temperature for a period of time (this heat treatment is referred to as annealing) and the internal structure changes from amorphous to crystalline. If the temperature and time of this annealing treatment are controlled appropriately, the microstructure inside the strip can be controlled.
Soft magnetic materials are materials that are relatively easy to magnetize and demagnetize, and generally have ferrimagnetism, which requires high magnetic permeability and magnetic induction strength, and at the same time, the magnetic energy product or magnetic loss is small. In contrast to permanent magnetic materials, the smaller the residual magnetic induction and the coercive force, the better, but the larger the saturation magnetic induction, the better. Soft magnetic materials generally have some special properties: the magnetic induction intensity can be higher through the magnetization of an external magnetic field; under the magnetization of an external magnetic field with certain intensity, the magnetic induction coil can have higher magnetic induction intensity; the resistance to domain movement is small. The mechanism of magnetization is theorized to depend on the movement of the domain wall and the rotating magnetic moment. The anisotropy constant and the hysteresis coefficient are physical quantities that can be used to express the magnetic anisotropy of a material. The design of the soft magnetic material should first consider the components in
And
a region of zero or close to zero. In addition, the saturation magnetization of the magnetic substance is large enough, and the resistance for hindering the magnetization is small enough, so that the high magnetic conductivity can be obtained; low coercive force soft magnetic material.
Soft magnetic materials are of a wide variety. In the current technical field, there are three main types of soft magnetic materials in wide use: metallic soft magnetic materials, ferrite soft magnetic materials, and other soft magnetic materials. Wherein the magnetic properties of the metallic soft magnetic material and the ferrite soft magnetic material are based on different physical bases. The former is due to direct exchange between ferromagnetic electrons, while the latter is based on indirect exchange between electrons. The two different exchange mechanisms are formed to have different magnetic properties of the two materials.
The excellent magnetic performance of the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material is based on the exchange coupling effect between an amorphous matrix and a nanocrystalline grain phase, and is sensitive to tissues. Yoshizawa et al, 1988, added small amounts of Cu and M (M = Nb, Mo, W, Ta, etc.) to a FeSiB amorphous alloy matrix, and after crystallization annealing, found that many randomly oriented ultrafine grains having a bcc structure were distributed on the amorphous matrix. The nanocrystalline phase formed after annealing is in the grain boundary in large quantity due to the ultrafine crystal grains, and shows the performance which is essentially different from that of the common polycrystalline material or amorphous material. The weak external field magnetic susceptibility is greatly improved relative to the amorphous parent metal, and simultaneously, the magnetic material has extremely high saturation magnetic induction intensity. This new alloy is hereinafter referred to as nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy.
The nanocrystalline alloy may also be divided into three types, Fe-based, Co-based and Ni-based, by composition. Wherein Fe is representative
Base nanocrystalline alloys can be broadly classified into two categories: one is Fe-Cu-M-Si-B (M can be Nb, Mo, W,
V, etc.); another type is the system in Fe-M-M '-B (M may be Nb, Hf, Zr, Co, etc., M' may be Cu, Ge, etc.). The two alloys have magnetic properties similar to cobalt-based amorphous alloys, such as high magnetic permeability and low loss, and also have high characteristics similar to iron-based amorphous alloys.
The application number 201910170890.3 discloses a nanocrystalline alloy magnetic core and its manufacturing method, the nanocrystalline alloy magnetic core provided by the application is obtained by subjecting quenched alloy material to multiple field-effect heat treatment; the quenched alloy material comprises a compound having the formula
At least one compound of formula (la). The nanocrystalline alloy magnetic core has high relaxation frequency and low high-frequency loss, and provides a method for regulating and controlling the high-frequency characteristic of the nanocrystalline alloy magnetic core in real time by utilizing multi-field coupling of a thermal field, a magnetic field and a stress field, so that the relaxation frequency of the nanocrystalline alloy magnetic core is improved, and the high-frequency loss is reduced. However, the nanocrystalline alloy magnetic core prepared in the application has low effective magnetic conductivity and high coercive force, so that the application range of the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a high-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material and a preparation method thereof, which can improve the permeability of the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material and reduce the coercive force, and the preparation process is simple and easy to control.
The application relates to a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material with high magnetic conductivity, which has the following molecular formula: fe73-75Cu0.5-0.7Nb3Si8B7Al2-4。
More preferably, the molecular formula of the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material is as follows:
Fe74Cu0.6Nb3Si8B7Al3。
a preparation method of a high-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material based on the above includes the following steps:
⑴ mixing iron-copper alloy, iron-niobium alloy, iron-silicon alloy, iron-boron alloy, and iron-aluminum alloy, and smelting
Forming a mixed alloy;
⑵ crushing the mixed alloy into a first powder with the particle size of 150-180 microns;
⑶ melting the first powder, atomizing, and charging nitrogen gas to obtain atomized powder;
dividing the atomized powder into two parts for ball milling, wherein the ball milling speed of the first part of the atomized powder is lower than that of the second part of the atomized powder, and the ball milling time of the first batch is shorter than that of the first batch; if the ball milling speed of the first part of atomized powder is 170 r/min-190 r/min, the ball milling speed of the second part of atomized powder is 220 r/min-240 r/min, the ball milling time of the first part of atomized powder is 70 h-85 h, and the ball milling time of the second part of atomized powder is 100 h-115 h.
⑸ sieving the ball-milled atomized powder, and embedding to obtain embedded particles, wherein the embedding agent is mixture of two or more of epoxy resin, water glass, kaolin and talc powder, and the addition amount of the embedding agent is 4-6% of the atomized powder, such as mixture of epoxy resin, kaolin and talc powder, or mixture of water glass and kaolin.
⑹, putting the embedded particles into a mould, and keeping the pressure for 3-4 min at the pressure of 0.8-1.4 MPa for compression molding;
⑺ heat-treating the pressed and formed blank at the temperature of 415 ℃ below zero for 40-55 min, wherein the temperature rising speed from the room temperature to 400-415 ℃ is preferably 8-9 ℃, and the cooled nanocrystalline soft magnetic material is obtained.
The chemical composition of the powder prepared by the atomization method and the granularity are easy to control, the composition of the powder is uniform, most of the atomized powder prepared by high-pressure nitrogen atomization is spherical or ellipsoidal, the crystal grains of the atomized powder are large, the magnetic performance of the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material is not facilitated, the mode of firstly atomizing and then crushing is adopted in the application to refine the intermediate alloy powder, the particles of the powder can be more uniform and more approximate to a spherical shape, and the regular spherical shape can prepare the material with stable performance in the press forming process. When the ball mill is used for grinding, the element powder is firstly changed into various intermetallic compounds and then is changed into amorphous powder. The impact of the ball milling time on the amorphization process is also significant. In general, the longer the ball milling time, the higher the degree of amorphization of the powder. However, the ball milling time is too long, and impurities are easily mixed when the powder is in contact with and collides with the ball or the wall for a long time, so that a polluted crystal phase is generated. Increasing the ball milling strength (typically by increasing the ball to material ratio or the rotational speed) generally facilitates amorphous crystallization. However, high ball milling energy also increases the ball milling temperature, resulting in amorphization, so that the optimal ball milling strength must be selected. The protective atmosphere in the ball mill also has some influence on the amorphization process. Contamination with impurities also affects the stability of the amorphous phase. The ball-milling mode of selecting in this application is for ball-milling raw materials powder in turn, makes the particle size of powder have certain difference, and the ball-milling mode that adopts in this application is as: the ball milling speed of the first part of atomized powder is 170 r/min-190 r/min, the ball milling speed of the second part of atomized powder is 220 r/min-240 r/min, the ball milling time of the first part of atomized powder is 70 h-85 h, and the ball milling time of the second part of atomized powder is 100 h-115 h. The purpose of batch grinding is to obtain powder with different particle sizes by different grinding speeds and different grinding times in order to ensure that the atomized powder has different particle sizes, and the powder particles with smaller particle sizes fill gaps among large-particle powder during compression molding, so that the relative density of the molded material can be improved by improving the stacking density, the magnetic conductivity of the molded material is increased, and the magnetic conductivity of the molded material is improved.
The coercivity is a sensitive parameter of structure and structure, and is strongly influenced by structure, structural factors and internal stress of crystal grains. During the crushing treatment, a large amount of internal stress and defects are generated in the powder, so that the coercive force is increased rapidly, and therefore the internal stress needs to be removed through a proper heat treatment process, so that the internal coercive force is reduced.
The property and the form of the coating agent have key influence on the magnetoelectric performance of the formed material, generally, the outer layer of the powder can form a complete and uniform coating thin layer, and can bear the forming pressure without damage, the thermal stability is good, the insulativity is strong, and correspondingly, the magnetic conductivity and the quality factor of the formed material are also higher. The embedding agent is mainly used for forming a uniform insulating film on the surface of the powder so as to improve the resistivity of the formed material, reduce the loss, increase the bonding strength of magnetic powder particles and fix the shape of a product. However, if the amount of the embedding agent added is too large or too small, the properties of the final soft magnetic material are adversely affected, and too much embedding agent causes a sharp increase in coercive force. The addition amount of the embedding agent in the application is atomization4% -6% of the powder, and the content of the powder can improve the resistivity and ensure that the coercive force and the magnetic permeability are in an excellent index range. The embedding agent can be mixed with multiple substances to achieve better effect, the epoxy resin is mainly composed of C, H and 0 elements, and the water glass is mainly Na2Si03。
The main effects of the heat treatment on the formed material are that the mechanical strength of the formed material can be improved on one hand, and the internal stress of the magnetic powder can be eliminated when the powder core is formed on the other hand, so that the magnetic permeability is improved. The temperature, time, atmosphere, cooling rate, and the like of the heat treatment have an influence on the properties of the molded material, and particularly the heat treatment temperature has a significant influence. When the heat treatment temperature is increased, the internal stress can be completely eliminated, and the magnetic permeability is increased.
In the application, different grinding speeds and different grinding times are adopted to obtain the powder with different particle sizes, the powder particles with smaller particle sizes fill the gaps among the powder with large particle sizes during the compression molding, and the stacking density is improved, so that the relative density of the molded material is improved, the magnetic conductivity of the molded material is increased, and the magnetic conductivity is improved; adding a certain amount of embedding agent to reduce the resistivity and simultaneously keeping the coercive force at a lower level; the internal stress of the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material is eliminated and the coercive force is reduced by combining a good sintering system. The soft magnetic material with high magnetic conductivity and low coercive force is prepared by the method, and the preparation method is simple and easy to control.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The application relates to a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material with high magnetic conductivity, which has the following molecular formula:
Fe73Cu0.5Nb3Si8B7Al2。
a preparation method of a high-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material based on the above includes the following steps:
⑴ mixing iron-copper alloy, iron-niobium alloy, iron-silicon alloy, iron-boron alloy and iron-aluminum alloy, and smelting into mixed alloy;
⑵ breaking the mixed alloy into a first powder having a particle size of 150 microns;
⑶ melting the first powder, atomizing, and charging nitrogen gas to obtain atomized powder;
⑷, dividing the atomized powder into two parts for ball milling, wherein the ball milling speed of the first part of the atomized powder is 170r/min, the ball milling speed of the second part of the atomized powder is 220r/min, the ball milling time of the first part of the atomized powder is 85h, and the ball milling time of the second part of the atomized powder is 115 h;
⑸, sieving the atomized powder subjected to ball milling, and embedding to obtain embedded particles, wherein the addition amount of an embedding agent is 4% of the atomized powder, and the embedding agent is a mixture of epoxy resin, kaolin and talcum powder;
⑹ putting the embedded particles into a mould, and keeping the pressure for 3min under the pressure of 0.8MPa for compression molding;
⑺ heat treating the pressed blank at 400 deg.C for 55min at a heating rate of 8 deg.C, and cooling to obtain the final product.
The nanocrystalline soft magnetic material prepared in the embodiment is tested for effective magnetic permeability and coercive force, wherein the effective magnetic permeability is 98, and the coercive force is 28.5A/m.
Example 2
The application relates to a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material with high magnetic conductivity, which has the following molecular formula:
Fe74Cu0.6Nb3Si8B7Al3。
a preparation method of a high-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material based on the above includes the following steps:
⑴ mixing iron-copper alloy, iron-niobium alloy, iron-silicon alloy, iron-boron alloy and iron-aluminum alloy, and smelting into mixed alloy;
⑵ breaking the mixed alloy into a first powder having a particle size of 160 microns;
⑶ melting the first powder, atomizing, and charging nitrogen gas to obtain atomized powder;
⑷, dividing the atomized powder into two parts for ball milling, wherein the ball milling speed of the first part of the atomized powder is 180 r/min, the ball milling speed of the second part of the atomized powder is 230r/min, the ball milling time of the first part of the atomized powder is 78h, and the ball milling time of the second part of the atomized powder is 110 h;
⑸ sieving the atomized powder after ball milling, and embedding to obtain embedded particles, wherein the addition of the embedding agent is 5% of the atomized powder, and the embedding agent is composed of water glass and kaolin;
⑹, putting the embedded particles into a mould, and keeping the pressure for 3.5min under the pressure of 1.1MPa for compression molding;
⑺ heat treating the pressed blank at 410 deg.C, preferably at 8.5 deg.C for 50min, and cooling to obtain the final product.
The nanocrystalline soft magnetic material prepared in the embodiment is tested for effective magnetic permeability and coercive force, wherein the effective magnetic permeability is 96, and the coercive force is 26.3A/m.
Example 3
The application relates to a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material with high magnetic conductivity, which has the following molecular formula:
Fe75Cu0.7Nb3Si8B7Al4。
a preparation method of a high-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material based on the above includes the following steps:
⑴ mixing iron-copper alloy, iron-niobium alloy, iron-silicon alloy, iron-boron alloy and iron-aluminum alloy, and smelting into mixed alloy;
⑵ breaking the mixed alloy into a first powder having a particle size of 180 microns;
⑶ melting the first powder, atomizing, and charging nitrogen gas to obtain atomized powder;
⑷, dividing the atomized powder into two parts for ball milling, wherein the ball milling speed of the first part of the atomized powder is 190r/min, the ball milling speed of the second part of the atomized powder is 240r/min, the ball milling time of the first part of the atomized powder is 70h, and the ball milling time of the second part of the atomized powder is 100 h;
⑸ sieving the atomized powder after ball milling, and embedding to obtain embedded particles, wherein the addition of the embedding agent is 6% of the atomized powder, and the embedding agent is composed of water glass, kaolin and talcum powder;
⑹ putting the embedded particles into a mould, and keeping the pressure for 4min under the pressure of 1.4MPa for compression molding;
⑺ heat treating the pressed blank at 415 deg.C for 40min
The temperature speed is preferably 9 ℃, and the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material is cooled.
The nanocrystalline soft magnetic material prepared in the embodiment is tested for effective magnetic permeability and coercive force, wherein the effective magnetic permeability is 96.6, and the coercive force is 26.7A/m.
In the application, different grinding speeds and different grinding times are adopted to obtain the powder with different particle sizes, the powder particles with smaller particle sizes fill the gaps among the powder with large particle sizes during the compression molding, and the stacking density is improved, so that the relative density of the molded material is improved, the magnetic conductivity of the molded material is increased, and the magnetic conductivity is improved; adding a certain amount of embedding agent to reduce the resistivity and simultaneously keeping the coercive force at a lower level; the internal stress of the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material is eliminated and the coercive force is reduced by combining a good sintering system. The soft magnetic material with high magnetic conductivity and low coercive force is prepared by the method, and the preparation method is simple and easy to control.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A nanocrystalline soft magnetic material with high magnetic permeability is characterized in that the molecular formula of the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material is as follows:
Fe73-75Cu0.5-0.7Nb3Si8B7Al2-4。
2. the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material according to claim 1, wherein the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material has a formula as follows:
Fe74Cu0.6Nb3Si8B7Al3。
3. a method for preparing a high permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
⑴ mixing iron-copper alloy, iron-niobium alloy, iron-silicon alloy, iron-boron alloy and iron-aluminum alloy, and smelting into mixed alloy;
⑵ breaking the mixed alloy into a first powder;
⑶ melting the first powder and then atomizing to obtain atomized powder;
⑷ ball-milling the atomized powder in two parts, the first part of the atomized powder is ball-milled at a lower speed than the second part, and the first part is ball-milled for a shorter time than the first part;
⑸ sieving the atomized powder after ball milling, and embedding to obtain embedded particles;
⑹, putting the embedded particles into a mould, and keeping the pressure for 3-4 min at the pressure of 0.8-1.4 MPa for compression molding;
⑺, carrying out heat treatment on the pressed and formed blank at the temperature of 400-415 ℃, and cooling to obtain the nanocrystalline soft magnetic material.
4. The method for preparing a nanocrystalline soft magnetic material with high magnetic permeability according to claim 3, wherein the embedding agent used for embedding is a mixture of two or more of epoxy resin, water glass, kaolin and talcum powder.
5. The method for preparing a high-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material according to claim 4, wherein the addition amount of the embedding agent is 4% -6% of the atomized powder.
6. The method for preparing a high-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material according to claim 3, wherein the particle size of the first powder is 150-180 microns.
7. The preparation method of the high-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material according to claim 3, wherein the ball milling speed of the first part of atomized powder is 170r/min to 190r/min, and the ball milling speed of the second part of atomized powder is 220r/min to 240 r/min.
8. The preparation method of the high-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material according to claim 7, wherein the ball milling time of the first part of atomized powder is 70-85 h, and the ball milling time of the second part of atomized powder is 100-115 h.
9. The method for preparing a high-permeability nanocrystalline soft magnetic material according to claim 3, characterized in that the heat treatment time is 40min to 55 min.
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| CN115138835A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-10-04 | 湖南省冶金材料研究院有限公司 | Magnetic powder and preparation method and application thereof |
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