CN111370150A - Outer wall flow equalizing structure for containment vessel - Google Patents
Outer wall flow equalizing structure for containment vessel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111370150A CN111370150A CN202010186431.7A CN202010186431A CN111370150A CN 111370150 A CN111370150 A CN 111370150A CN 202010186431 A CN202010186431 A CN 202010186431A CN 111370150 A CN111370150 A CN 111370150A
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- containment vessel
- flow equalizing
- wall
- buffer mechanism
- central axis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/24—Promoting flow of the coolant
- G21C15/243—Promoting flow of the coolant for liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an outer wall flow equalizing structure for a containment vessel, which comprises an outer jacket, wherein a liquid inlet pipe is arranged at the top of the outer jacket, a flow channel is formed between the inner wall of the outer jacket and the outer wall of the containment vessel, a plurality of arc-shaped flow equalizing plates positioned below the liquid inlet pipe are arranged in the flow channel, and the flow equalizing plates are arranged at the top of the containment vessel; the plurality of flow equalizing plates are uniformly distributed around the vertical central axis of the containment vessel, one ends of the plurality of flow equalizing plates jointly form an inner ring, the other ends of the plurality of flow equalizing plates jointly form an outer ring, and the vertical central axis of the inner ring is collinear with the vertical central axis of the outer ring. The invention makes the fluid rotate and do centrifugal motion from inside to outside, and forms a spiral-flow type liquid film on the wall surface of the containment vessel, which is beneficial to increasing the infiltration area of the fluid to the wall surface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nuclear safety equipment, in particular to an outer wall flow equalizing structure for a containment vessel.
Background
The containment vessel is the last safety barrier of the nuclear reactor system, and has important functions of preventing radioactive substances from leaking outside, protecting personnel outside the field and protecting the environmental safety.
Under the condition of a reactor design standard accident, a large amount of high-temperature energy can be released to enter a containment simulation body, so that the pressure and the temperature in the containment are increased, and the integrity of the containment is threatened. To combat this threat, containment heat removal systems are typically provided. With this system, heat is conducted away from the interior of the containment.
The containment heat exporting system has various structures and different settings. A common containment heat exporting system adopts a double-layer containment structure, an inner layer is used as a pressure and sealing boundary, a flow channel is formed between the inner layer and an outer layer, and fluid in the flow channel is used for cooling the wall surface of a containment to take away heat. In the heat exporting system, the heat carrying capacity is directly influenced by the heat transfer effect of the fluid and the wall surface, and the better the heat transfer effect is, the stronger the carrying capacity is.
However, in the prior art, after entering the flow channel, the cooling fluid cannot uniformly and stably flow along the outer wall, the sputtering and the distribution of the fluid are not uniform, which results in small contact area and unstable heat transfer effect, and the heat carrying capacity is difficult to meet the increasingly improved heat dissipation standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an outer wall flow equalizing structure for a containment vessel, which aims to solve the problems of small contact area between fluid and the outer wall of the containment vessel and unstable heat transfer effect caused by the fact that cooling fluid in a flow channel cannot uniformly and stably flow along the outer wall in the prior art, and achieve the purposes of effectively cooling the outer wall of the containment vessel and taking away heat of the containment vessel.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an outer wall structure of flow equalizing for containment vessel, includes the outer cover that presss from both sides, the outer top that presss from both sides is provided with the feed liquor pipe, is formed with the runner between the inner wall of outer cover and the outer wall of containment vessel, be provided with a plurality of arc flow equalizing plates that are located the feed liquor pipe below in the runner, the flow equalizing plate is installed at the top of containment vessel.
The outer jacket and the containment vessel form a common double-layer containment structure in the prior art, and a flow passage for circulating cooling liquid is formed between the outer jacket and the containment vessel. A liquid inlet pipe and a liquid discharge pipe are arranged on the outer jacket, and cooling liquid enters the flow channel from the top of the outer jacket through the liquid inlet pipe and is discharged from the liquid discharge pipe. In the flow channel, the cooling liquid is in contact with the outer wall of the containment vessel to exchange heat, and the heat of the containment vessel is taken away.
However, after entering the flow channel from the liquid inlet pipe, the cooling liquid first impacts the top of the containment vessel and then flows along the outer wall of the containment vessel, and part of the cooling liquid flows too fast and part of the cooling liquid does not contact the outer wall in the flowing process, so that the heat transfer area between the cooling liquid and the outer wall of the containment vessel is small, the heat transfer is uneven, and the heat exchange between the cooling liquid and the outer wall is not facilitated.
Therefore, the plurality of flow equalizing plates are arranged in the flow channel, are arc-shaped and are positioned below the liquid inlet pipe, namely, fluid enters the flow channel through the liquid inlet pipe and then contacts with the flow equalizing plates, so that on one hand, the flow equalizing plates weaken the impact of cooling liquid on the containment vessel and reduce the sputtering on the surface of the outer wall, on the other hand, the flow equalizing plates guide the cooling liquid to uniformly flow along the outer wall, the contact area of the cooling liquid and the outer wall is increased, and the heat transfer is more uniform.
As a preferred arrangement mode of the flow equalizing plates, the flow equalizing plates are uniformly distributed around a vertical central axis of the containment vessel, one ends of the flow equalizing plates form an inner ring together, the other ends of the flow equalizing plates form an outer ring together, and the vertical central axis of the inner ring is collinear with the vertical central axis of the outer ring. The flow equalizing plates are of arc structures, and when the flow equalizing plates are evenly and circumferentially distributed around a vertical central axis of the containment vessel, two ends of all the flow equalizing plates jointly form two concentric circles. Wherein, the one end that is close to the vertical axis of containment vessel constitutes the inner circle, and the one end of keeping away from the vertical axis of containment vessel constitutes the outer lane.
The cooling water enters the liquid inlet pipe through the inlet valve, and after the cooling water contacts with the flow equalizing plates distributed in a radial shape on the top of the outer wall of the containment vessel, the fluid moves from the inner side to the outer side, rotates and performs centrifugal motion. When the fluid leaves the flow equalizing plate, the fluid has a radial velocity and a peripheral velocity. Under the action of the flow equalizing plate, a spiral-flow type liquid film is formed on the wall surface of the containment vessel, and the infiltration area of the fluid to the wall surface is increased. On the other hand, the flow equalizing plate is structurally equivalent to a fin in the heat exchanger, so that the heat exchange area between the fluid and the containment is increased, and the heat carrying capacity of the fluid is further enhanced. The swirling fluid continues to move downwards to cool the containment structure.
Further, along the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the distance between two adjacent flow equalizing plates is gradually increased. The structure enables the flowing speed of the cooling liquid to be reduced to a certain extent by the gradually increased circulating area in the process that the fluid moves from the inner ring to the outer ring, is beneficial to forming a large-area spiral-flow type liquid film, and further improves the wetting area of the fluid to the wall surface.
Further, the diameter of the inner ring is equal to the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe.
Further, the diameter of the outer ring is two thirds of the inner diameter of the containment vessel.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a buffer mechanism is disposed in the inner ring, a vertical central axis of the buffer mechanism is collinear with a vertical central axis of the containment vessel, and a diameter of the buffer mechanism gradually increases from top to bottom. The buffer mechanism is of a conical structure, and a conical vertical central axis is collinear with a vertical central axis of the containment vessel. When the cooling liquid rushes into the flow channel, the cooling liquid is firstly contacted with the conical buffering mechanism, and the contact area is small, and the contact area from top to bottom is gradually increased, so that the cooling liquid is not easy to sputter after the buffering mechanism is contacted, and flows into the inner ring more smoothly, and forms a liquid film through the rotational flow of the flow equalizing plate, thereby avoiding the sputtering caused by the direct impact of the cooling liquid on the inner ring, reducing the initial speed of the fluid, and further improving the stability of the fluid.
Furthermore, buffer gear is hollow structure, and buffer gear's top is provided with a plurality of first through-holes, and buffer gear's side is provided with a plurality of second through-holes, first through-hole, second through-hole all communicate buffer gear's inside and outside. The buffer gear who well accuse structure has certain water storage function, when discharge is great, when more urgent, partial rivers can get into buffer gear through first through-hole in, after having changed the flow direction, flow from buffer gear's side, directly get into in the runner that the flow equalizer formed, play the effect of reposition of redundant personnel on the one hand, on the other hand plays the effect of slowing down, make buffer gear not only have prevent to sputter, reduce the effect of initial velocity of flow, can play certain water storage function and drainage effect moreover.
Further, buffer gear's inside off-centre is provided with the pivot, the pivot can be rotatory around its vertical axis, is provided with a plurality of rows of blades in the pivot. The rotating shaft is eccentrically arranged, so that the blades on the rotating shaft are positioned right below the first through hole. After the cooling liquid enters the interior of the buffering mechanism through the first through hole, the cooling liquid acts on the uppermost blade, the blade drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the lower blade to rotate, and the cooling liquid stacked in the buffering mechanism is stirred, so that the cooling liquid generates centrifugal force and moves towards the inner wall of the buffering mechanism, finally flows out through the second through hole and enters a flow channel formed by the flow equalizing plate. Through the setting, not only avoided the coolant liquid to pile up, block up in buffer gear, guarantee buffer gear has lasting buffer function, can change the longitudinal velocity of rivers into faster transverse velocity moreover, make the fluid enter into the runner of flow equalizing plate more fast and form the liquid film for the formation of liquid film. Moreover, the arrangement of the blades can obviously reduce the longitudinal speed of the cooling liquid, and the impulsive force is converted into the torsion force through the rotating shaft, so that the passive flow speed self-adaptive adjustment is realized.
Further, in two adjacent rows of blades, the area of the lower row of blades is larger than that of the upper row of blades. The blade of top mainly plays the rotatory effect of drive pivot, and the blade of below mainly plays the effect that the stirring produced the centrifugal force, consequently, is from last crescent to the area design of blade.
Further, along the direction of the top end to the bottom end of the buffer mechanism, the distance between two adjacent second through holes is gradually reduced. The structure design is beneficial to discharging the cooling liquid accumulated at the bottom of the buffer mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the plurality of flow equalizing plates are arranged in the flow channel, so that on one hand, the impulsive force of the cooling liquid on the containment vessel is weakened, the sputtering on the surface of the outer wall is reduced, on the other hand, the cooling liquid is guided to uniformly flow along the outer wall, the contact area of the cooling liquid and the outer wall is increased, and the heat transfer is more uniform;
2. according to the invention, the radial arrangement mode of the flow equalizing plates enables the fluid to move from the inner side to the outer side, and rotate and do centrifugal motion at the same time, when the fluid leaves the flow equalizing plates, the fluid not only has radial speed, but also has peripheral speed, and under the action of the flow equalizing plates, a spiral-flow type liquid film is formed on the wall surface of the containment vessel, so that the infiltration area of the fluid on the wall surface is increased; on the other hand, the flow equalizing plate is structurally equivalent to a fin in the heat exchanger, so that the heat exchange area between the fluid and the containment is increased, and the heat carrying capacity of the fluid is further enhanced; the fluid after the rotational flow continues to move downwards to cool the containment structure;
3. according to the invention, the buffer mechanism is arranged in the inner ring formed by the flow equalizing plate, so that the cooling liquid is not easy to sputter after contacting the buffer mechanism, but flows into the inner ring more smoothly, and forms a liquid film through the rotational flow of the flow equalizing plate, thereby avoiding sputtering caused by direct impact of the cooling liquid on the inner ring, reducing the initial speed of the fluid and further improving the stability of the fluid;
4. the buffer mechanism is of a hollow structure, when the water flow is large and quick, part of the water flow can enter the buffer mechanism through the first through hole, flows out of the side face of the buffer mechanism after the flow direction is changed, and directly enters a flow channel formed by the flow equalizing plate, so that the buffer mechanism has the functions of shunting and decelerating;
5. according to the invention, the rotating shaft and the multiple rows of blades are arranged in the buffer mechanism, so that the cooling liquid is prevented from being accumulated and blocked in the buffer mechanism, the buffer mechanism is ensured to have a continuous buffer function, the longitudinal speed of water flow can be converted into a faster transverse speed, fluid can enter a flow channel of the flow equalizing plate more quickly to form a liquid film, and the formation of the liquid film is accelerated; moreover, the arrangement of the blades can obviously reduce the longitudinal speed of the cooling liquid, and the impulsive force is converted into the torsion force through the rotating shaft, so that the passive flow speed self-adaptive adjustment is realized.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the buffering mechanism of the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-outer jacket, 2-liquid inlet pipe, 3-flow equalizing plate, 4-inlet valve, 5-outlet valve, 6-containment vessel, 7-buffer mechanism, 71-rotating shaft, 72-blade, 73-first through hole, 74-second through hole and 8-flow channel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the outer wall flow equalizing structure for the containment vessel includes an outer jacket 1, a liquid inlet pipe 2 is arranged at the top of the outer jacket 1, a flow channel 8 is formed between the inner wall of the outer jacket 1 and the outer wall of the containment vessel 6, a plurality of arc-shaped flow equalizing plates 3 located below the liquid inlet pipe 2 are arranged in the flow channel 8, and the flow equalizing plates 3 are installed at the top of the containment vessel 6; the plurality of flow equalizing plates 3 are uniformly distributed around a vertical central axis of the containment vessel 6, one ends of the plurality of flow equalizing plates 3 form an inner ring together, the other ends of the plurality of flow equalizing plates 3 form an outer ring together, and the vertical central axis of the inner ring is collinear with the vertical central axis of the outer ring; along the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the distance between two adjacent flow equalizing plates 3 is gradually increased.
In some embodiments, the diameter of the inner ring is equal to the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe 2.
In some embodiments, the outer ring has a diameter that is two-thirds of the inner diameter of the containment vessel 6.
The cooling water enters the liquid inlet pipe through the inlet valve, and after the cooling water contacts with the flow equalizing plates distributed in a radial shape on the top of the outer wall of the containment vessel, the fluid moves from the inner side to the outer side, rotates and performs centrifugal motion. When the fluid leaves the flow equalizing plate, the fluid has a radial velocity and a peripheral velocity. Under the action of the flow equalizing plate, a spiral-flow type liquid film is formed on the wall surface of the containment vessel, and the infiltration area of the fluid to the wall surface is increased. On the other hand, the flow equalizing plate is structurally equivalent to a fin in the heat exchanger, so that the heat exchange area between the fluid and the containment is increased, and the heat carrying capacity of the fluid is further enhanced. The swirling fluid continues to move downwards to cool the containment structure.
Example 2:
on the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a buffer mechanism 7 is arranged in the inner ring, a vertical central axis of the buffer mechanism 7 is collinear with a vertical central axis of the containment vessel 6, and the diameter of the buffer mechanism 7 gradually increases from top to bottom; the buffer mechanism 7 is of a hollow structure, a plurality of first through holes 73 are formed in the top of the buffer mechanism 7, a plurality of second through holes 74 are formed in the side face of the buffer mechanism 7, and the first through holes 73 and the second through holes 74 are communicated with the inside and the outside of the buffer mechanism 7; a rotating shaft 71 is eccentrically arranged in the buffer mechanism 7, the rotating shaft 71 can rotate around a vertical central axis of the rotating shaft 71, and a plurality of rows of blades 72 are arranged on the rotating shaft 71; in two adjacent rows of blades 72, the area of the lower row of blades 72 is larger than that of the upper row of blades 72; the distance between two adjacent second through holes 74 gradually decreases in the top-to-bottom direction of the buffer mechanism 7.
The buffer mechanism enables the cooling liquid to flow into the inner ring more smoothly instead of generating sputtering after the contact of the buffer mechanism, and a liquid film is formed through the rotational flow of the flow equalizing plate, so that the sputtering caused by the direct impact of the cooling liquid on the inner ring is avoided, the initial speed of the fluid is reduced, and the stability of the fluid is further improved. Moreover, buffer gear's inside sets up pivot and multirow blade, has not only avoided the coolant liquid to pile up in buffer gear, block up, and guarantee buffer gear has a buffer function who lasts, can change the longitudinal speed of rivers into faster transverse speed in addition, makes the fluid enter into the runner of flow equalizing plate faster and forms the liquid film for the formation of liquid film.
As used herein, "first", "second", etc. (e.g., first through hole, second through hole, etc.) are used only for distinguishing the respective components for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit any order or to emphasize importance, etc. Further, the term "connected" used herein may be either directly connected or indirectly connected via other components without being particularly described.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an outer wall structure of flow equalizing for containment vessel, includes outer jacket (1), outer jacket (1) top is provided with feed liquor pipe (2), is formed with between the inner wall of outer jacket (1) and the outer wall of containment vessel (6) runner (8), its characterized in that, be provided with a plurality of arc flow equalizing plates (3) that are located feed liquor pipe (2) below in runner (8), flow equalizing plate (3) are installed at the top of containment vessel (6).
2. The outer wall flow equalizing structure for the containment vessel according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of flow equalizing plates (3) are uniformly distributed around a vertical central axis of the containment vessel (6), one ends of the plurality of flow equalizing plates (3) together form an inner ring, the other ends of the plurality of flow equalizing plates (3) together form an outer ring, and the vertical central axis of the inner ring is collinear with the vertical central axis of the outer ring.
3. The outer wall flow equalizing structure for the containment vessel in accordance with claim 2, wherein the distance between two adjacent flow equalizing plates (3) is gradually increased along the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring.
4. The outer wall flow equalizing structure for the containment vessel in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that the diameter of the inner ring is equal to the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe (2).
5. The outer wall flow equalizing structure for the containment vessel of claim 2, wherein the diameter of the outer ring is two thirds of the inner diameter of the containment vessel (6).
6. The outer wall flow equalizing structure for the containment vessel according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that a buffer mechanism (7) is arranged in the inner ring, a vertical central axis of the buffer mechanism (7) is collinear with a vertical central axis of the containment vessel (6), and a diameter of the buffer mechanism (7) is gradually increased from top to bottom.
7. The outer wall flow equalizing structure for the containment vessel according to claim 6, wherein the buffer mechanism (7) is a hollow structure, a plurality of first through holes (73) are formed in the top of the buffer mechanism (7), a plurality of second through holes (74) are formed in the side surface of the buffer mechanism (7), and the first through holes (73) and the second through holes (74) are communicated with the inside and the outside of the buffer mechanism (7).
8. The outer wall flow equalizing structure for the containment vessel in accordance with claim 7, wherein the inside of the buffer mechanism (7) is eccentrically provided with a rotating shaft (71), the rotating shaft (71) can rotate around a vertical central axis thereof, and a plurality of rows of blades (72) are arranged on the rotating shaft (71).
9. The outer wall flow equalizing structure for the containment vessel in accordance with claim 8, wherein in two adjacent rows of blades (72), the area of the lower row of blades (72) is larger than that of the upper row of blades (72).
10. The outer wall flow equalizing structure for the containment vessel in accordance with claim 7, wherein the distance between two adjacent second through holes (74) is gradually decreased along the direction from the top end to the bottom end of the buffer mechanism (7).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010186431.7A CN111370150B (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2020-03-17 | Outer wall flow equalizing structure for containment vessel |
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| CN202010186431.7A CN111370150B (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2020-03-17 | Outer wall flow equalizing structure for containment vessel |
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| CN111370150B CN111370150B (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115790247A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-03-14 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Flow equalizing part and heat exchange device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115790247A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-03-14 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Flow equalizing part and heat exchange device |
| CN115790247B (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-04-21 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Flow equalizing component and heat exchange device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN111370150B (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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