CN111366779A - Voltage zero-crossing detection device and air conditioner - Google Patents
Voltage zero-crossing detection device and air conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN111366779A CN111366779A CN202010336229.8A CN202010336229A CN111366779A CN 111366779 A CN111366779 A CN 111366779A CN 202010336229 A CN202010336229 A CN 202010336229A CN 111366779 A CN111366779 A CN 111366779A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/175—Indicating the instants of passage of current or voltage through a given value, e.g. passage through zero
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
- G01R19/2506—Arrangements for conditioning or analysing measured signals, e.g. for indicating peak values ; Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
- G01R19/2509—Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
- G01R19/2513—Arrangements for monitoring electric power systems, e.g. power lines or loads; Logging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R25/00—Arrangements for measuring phase angle between a voltage and a current or between voltages or currents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION, OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
- H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
- H03L7/087—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal using at least two phase detectors or a frequency and phase detector in the loop
Abstract
The invention provides a voltage zero-crossing detection device, which is used for a single-phase lock of an air conditioner and comprises: the voltage detection device is used for detecting a voltage value output by an uncontrolled rectifier bridge at the rear end of the power grid and judging whether the voltage value passes through a preset voltage value or not; the comparator is used for outputting an electrical frequency signal when the voltage value passes through the preset voltage value; and the micro control unit is used for triggering interruption when the comparator outputs an electric frequency signal, recording the current triggering moment, and calculating the frequency and the phase of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge according to the current triggering moment. The voltage zero-crossing detection device can realize the rapid phase-locking function of the voltage sampling at the rear side of the single-phase uncontrolled rectifier bridge, and the hardware comparator is used for voltage comparison, so that the time delay can be reduced to the minimum degree, and the precision is higher compared with software.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to a voltage zero-crossing detection device and an air conditioner.
Background
Power Factor Correction (PFC) is commonly applied to variable frequency air conditioners to achieve Power Factor Correction. For cost, reliability and compatibility considerations, grid voltage sampling is often placed on the rear side of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge. With the continuous upgrade of national standard to the power grid quality requirement and the continuous iteration of technology, the current PFC needs to have a phase locking function. However, the traditional phase locking function needs to directly acquire sinusoidal voltage from the power grid side, and because a group of orthogonal sinusoidal signals needs to be virtualized at first, the phase locking time needs to be long, and large harmonic interference is brought when sudden changes occur in the frequency and the phase of the power grid, so that the quality of the power grid is affected. Although the traditional zero-crossing detection is high in detection speed, the voltage on the rear side of the rectifier bridge can hardly drop to zero, so that the zero-crossing detection cannot be directly applied to the rear side of an uncontrolled rectifier bridge.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a voltage zero crossing detection apparatus and an air conditioner, which are used to at least partially solve the above technical problems.
In order to solve the above problems, an aspect of the present invention provides a voltage zero crossing detection apparatus for a single-phase lock of an air conditioner, including: the voltage detection device is used for detecting the voltage value output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge at the rear end of the power grid; the comparator is used for judging whether the voltage value passes through a preset voltage value or not and outputting an electrical frequency signal when the voltage value passes through the preset voltage value; and the micro control unit is used for triggering interruption when the comparator outputs an electric frequency signal, recording the current triggering moment, and calculating the frequency and the phase of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge according to the current triggering moment.
Therefore, the voltage zero-crossing detection device can realize the voltage zero-crossing detection of the rear side of the single-phase uncontrolled rectifier bridge, and the frequency and the phase of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge are calculated according to the detection result, so that the air conditioner can realize the function of quick phase locking according to the frequency and the phase. And the micro control unit has small calculation amount and low cost.
Optionally, when the voltage value passes through the preset voltage value for the first time, the comparator outputs a high electrical frequency, and the micro control unit detects a rising edge of the high electrical frequency and triggers an interrupt; when the voltage value passes through the preset voltage value again, the comparator outputs low electric frequency, and the micro control unit detects the falling edge of the low electric frequency and triggers interruption.
Therefore, in the voltage zero-crossing detection process, only one comparator is used, and the micro control unit can be combined with the rising edge and the falling edge of the output voltage of the comparator to realize triggering interruption.
Optionally, the calculating, by the micro control unit according to the current trigger time, the frequency and the phase of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge currently includes: and the micro control unit calculates the zero crossing time of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge according to the current trigger moment, and then calculates the frequency and the phase of the voltage according to the zero crossing time.
Optionally, the micro control unit is configured to:
t0[n]＝0.5(t1[n]+t2[n])
calculating the zero crossing time, wherein t0[n]The zero crossing time, t, representing the nth voltage zero crossing period1[n]Representing the triggering moment, t, of the triggering interruption at the first triggering interruption of the nth voltage zero-crossing period2[n]Indicating the triggering moment of triggering the interrupt when the nth voltage zero-crossing period triggers the interrupt for the first time.
Optionally, the micro control unit is configured to:
f[n]＝1/(t0[n]-t0[n-1])
calculating the frequency of the voltage, wherein f [ n ]]Frequency, t, of the voltage of the nth voltage zero crossing period0[n]Represents the nth voltageThe zero crossing time, t, of the zero crossing period0[n-1]Represents the zero-crossing time of the (n-1) th voltage zero-crossing period.
Optionally, the micro control unit is configured to:
θ[n]＝2πf[n](t-t0[n])
calculating the phase of the voltage at the current moment, wherein the theta [ n ]]Representing the phase of said voltage at the present moment, said f [ n ]]Frequency, t, of the voltage of the nth voltage zero crossing period0[n]Represents the zero-crossing time of the nth voltage zero-crossing period, and t represents the current time.
Therefore, the calculation mode of calculating the frequency and the phase of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge at present according to the present trigger moment is reasonably designed, so that the precision of the obtained frequency and phase is higher, and the phase locking function of the air conditioner is more accurately realized.
Optionally, the micro control unit comprises: the interrupt system is used for triggering interrupt when the comparator outputs an electrical frequency signal; the system clock is used for recording the current trigger time when the trigger is interrupted; and the zero-crossing calculating unit is used for calculating the frequency and the phase of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge at present according to the present trigger moment.
Therefore, voltage zero-crossing detection is better realized by reasonably distributing all functional modules of the micro-control unit.
Optionally, the comparator includes a device or circuit that can output different electrical frequency signals according to different input voltages.
Optionally, the comparator comprises an operational amplifier or a digital optocoupler.
Therefore, the time delay can be reduced to the minimum degree by using the hardware comparator for voltage comparison, and the precision is higher compared with the software realization. Therefore, the air conditioner phase lock is more accurate.
The invention provides an air conditioner, which comprises the voltage zero-crossing detection device, wherein the voltage zero-crossing detection device is used for detecting the zero-crossing of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge at the rear end of the power grid so as to obtain the frequency and the phase of the voltage, so that the air conditioner realizes single-phase locking according to the frequency and the phase. The air conditioner has the same advantages as the frequency voltage zero-crossing detection device, and the description is omitted.
Drawings
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a voltage zero-crossing detecting apparatus provided in a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 schematically shows an operation flow chart of a voltage zero-crossing detection apparatus provided by a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a voltage waveform of a single-phase power grid voltage after uncontrolled rectification according to a first embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 schematically shows a waveform diagram of the output of the comparator provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a voltage zero-crossing detection device, which is used for a single-phase lock of an air conditioner and comprises: the voltage detection device is used for detecting the voltage value output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge at the rear end of the power grid; the comparator is used for judging whether the voltage value passes through a preset voltage value or not and outputting an electrical frequency signal when the voltage value passes through the preset voltage value; and the micro control unit is used for triggering interruption when the comparator outputs an electrical frequency signal, recording the current triggering moment, and calculating the frequency and the phase of the voltage output by the current uncontrolled rectifier bridge according to the current triggering moment. The following description will be given with reference to specific examples.
Example one
Fig. 1 schematically shows a voltage zero-crossing detection apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 schematically shows a flowchart of an operation of the voltage zero-crossing detection apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and the voltage zero-crossing detection apparatus is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2. The voltage zero-crossing detection device may include, for example, a voltage detection device, a comparator, and a Micro Control Unit (MCU), which are connected in sequence.
In order to realize the rapid phase-locking function of the voltage sampling at the rear side of the single-phase uncontrolled rectifier bridge, the voltage zero-crossing detection device is arranged at the rear end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge behind the power grid and is used for detecting the voltage at the rear end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge. Since the voltage at the rear end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge varies periodically, the zero-crossing detection of the voltage is also periodic, and the nth zero-crossing detection period is described below.
In a feasible manner of this embodiment, two resistors (R1 and R2 shown in fig. 1) are connected in parallel at the rear end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge to sample the voltage at the rear end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge, so as to implement real-time detection of the voltage. Fig. 3 shows a waveform diagram of the voltage detected from the voltage at the rear end of the uncontrolled rectifier bridge in this embodiment, and it can be seen from the diagram that the voltage changes periodically with time.
The voltage matching process is to determine whether a preset voltage value passes through the voltage variation process, and if the voltage output by the control rectifier bridge at a certain time just passes through (i.e., is equal to) the preset voltage value, it indicates that the voltage matching is successful. In a feasible manner of this embodiment, the voltage matching process is implemented by a comparator, as shown in fig. 1, the comparator has two input terminals, one of the input terminals inputs the voltage value output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge detected by the voltage detecting device, and the other input terminal inputs the preset voltage value VrefAnd the comparator compares the voltage value with a preset voltage value to judge whether the voltage value is a voltage matching point or not, and outputs different electrical frequency signals according to the comparison result. The voltage waveform of the comparator output in this embodiment is shown in fig. 4. The comparator in the present invention may be any device or hardware circuit capable of outputting different electrical frequency signals according to different input voltages, including but not limited to an operational amplifier, a digital optical coupler, etc., and the specific type of the present invention is not limited. The true bookIn the embodiment, a hardware comparator is selected for voltage comparison, so that time delay can be reduced to the minimum degree, and the precision is higher compared with software implementation. In addition, the preset voltage value V in the present embodimentrefThe voltage value is about 100V, and the specific voltage value depends on the actual situation, and the invention is not limited.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the voltage value passes the preset voltage value for the first time, i.e. the voltage matching point P shown in fig. 31[n]The comparator outputs high power frequency in a turnover mode, and the micro control unit triggers interruption when detecting the rising edge of the high power frequency; when the voltage value passes the preset voltage value again, i.e., the voltage matching point P shown in FIG. 32[n]And the comparator outputs low electric frequency in a turnover mode, and the micro control unit triggers interruption when detecting the falling edge of the low electric frequency. Alternatively, when the voltage value passes the preset voltage value for the first time, i.e., the voltage matching point P shown in fig. 31[n]The comparator outputs low power frequency in a turnover mode, and the micro control unit triggers interruption when detecting a falling edge of the high power frequency; when the voltage value passes the preset voltage value again, i.e., the voltage matching point P shown in FIG. 32[n]And the comparator outputs high electric frequency and low electric frequency in a turnover mode, and the micro control unit triggers interruption when detecting the rising edge of the low electric frequency. At voltage matching point P1[n]In the meantime, the comparator can output a high frequency and a low frequency in a flip mode, because the comparator aims to output voltage flip when the voltages are matched, and the flip direction is unimportant and can be high or low.
In a feasible manner of this embodiment, the micro control unit may include, for example: the interruption system can detect whether the output signal of the comparator is overturned or not and the overturning direction, and is used for triggering interruption when the comparator outputs an electrical frequency signal; the system clock is used for recording the current trigger time when the trigger is interrupted; and the zero-crossing calculating unit is used for calculating the frequency and the phase of the voltage output by the current uncontrolled rectifier bridge according to the current trigger time. The MCU is selected to reduce the calculation amount. As shown in fig. 2, the micro control unit works as follows:
first, at a voltage matching point P1[n]Comparator flip output highThe micro control unit detects the rising edge of high power frequency, interrupts the system trigger interruption, and the system clock records the current trigger time t1[n]At a voltage matching point P2[n]The comparator outputs low electric frequency in a turnover mode, the micro control unit detects the falling edge of the low electric frequency, the system is interrupted in triggering interruption, and the system clock records the current triggering time t2[n]。
Then, the zero-crossing calculating unit calculates the zero-crossing time of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge according to the current trigger time, and then calculates the frequency and the phase of the voltage according to the zero-crossing time.
Specifically, the zero-crossing calculation unit is according to the formula:
t0[n]＝0.5(t1[n]+t2[n])
calculating a zero crossing time, wherein t0[n]Zero crossing time, t, representing the nth voltage zero crossing period1[n]Representing the triggering moment, t, of the triggering interruption at the first triggering interruption of the nth voltage zero-crossing period2[n]Indicating the triggering moment of triggering the interrupt when the nth voltage zero-crossing period triggers the interrupt for the first time.
The zero-crossing calculation unit is according to the formula:
f[n]＝1/(t0[n]-t0[n-1])
calculating the frequency of the voltage, wherein f [ n ]]Frequency, t, of the voltage of the nth voltage zero-crossing period0[n]Zero crossing time, t, representing the nth voltage zero crossing period0[n-1]Representing the zero-crossing time of the (n-1) th voltage zero-crossing period.
The zero-crossing calculation unit is according to the formula:
θ[n]＝2πf[n](t-t0[n])
calculating the phase of the voltage at the present moment, where θ [ n ]]Representing the phase of said voltage at the present moment, f [ n ]]Frequency, t, of the voltage of the nth voltage zero crossing period0[n]Represents the zero-crossing time of the nth voltage zero-crossing period and t represents the current time.
Therefore, the frequency and the phase of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge are obtained by performing voltage zero-crossing detection and calculation on the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge, so that the air conditioner can realize a phase-locking function according to the frequency and the phase.
In summary, the voltage zero-crossing detection device of the embodiment can realize the zero-crossing detection of the voltage at the rear side of the single-phase uncontrolled rectifier bridge, and calculate the frequency and the phase of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge according to the detection result, so that the air conditioner can realize the function of fast phase locking according to the frequency and the phase. And the micro control unit has small calculation amount and low cost. In the voltage zero-crossing detection process, only one comparator is used, and the micro control unit can realize triggering interruption by combining the rising edge and the falling edge of the output voltage of the comparator. And the hardware comparator is used for voltage comparison, so that the time delay can be reduced to the minimum degree, and the precision is higher compared with the software realization precision. Therefore, the air conditioner phase lock is more accurate.
Example two
The embodiment provides an air conditioner, which includes the above-mentioned voltage zero-crossing detection device, where the voltage zero-crossing detection device is used to detect a zero-crossing of a voltage output by an uncontrolled rectifier bridge at the rear end of a power grid to obtain a frequency and a phase of the voltage, so that the air conditioner realizes single-phase locking according to the frequency and the phase. The air conditioner has the same advantages as the frequency voltage zero-crossing detection device, and the description is omitted.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A voltage zero-crossing detection device for a single-phase lock of an air conditioner, comprising:
the voltage detection device is used for detecting the voltage value output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge at the rear end of the power grid;
the comparator is used for judging whether the voltage value passes through a preset voltage value or not and outputting an electrical frequency signal when the voltage value passes through the preset voltage value;
and the micro control unit is used for triggering interruption when the comparator outputs an electric frequency signal, recording the current triggering moment, and calculating the frequency and the phase of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge according to the current triggering moment.
2. A voltage zero crossing detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the voltage value passes the preset voltage value for the first time, the comparator outputs a high electrical frequency, and the micro control unit detects a rising edge of the high electrical frequency, and triggers an interrupt;
when the voltage value passes through the preset voltage value again, the comparator outputs low electric frequency, and the micro control unit detects the falling edge of the low electric frequency and triggers interruption.
3. A voltage zero-crossing detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the micro control unit calculating the frequency and phase of the voltage currently output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge according to the current trigger time comprises:
and the micro control unit calculates the zero crossing time of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge according to the current trigger moment, and then calculates the frequency and the phase of the voltage according to the zero crossing time.
4. A voltage zero crossing detection device according to claim 3, wherein the micro control unit is adapted to:
t0[n]＝0.5(t1[n]+t2[n])
calculating the zero crossing time, wherein t0[n]The zero crossing time, t, representing the nth voltage zero crossing period1[n]Representing the triggering moment, t, of the triggering interruption at the first triggering interruption of the nth voltage zero-crossing period2[n]Indicating the triggering moment of triggering the interrupt when the nth voltage zero-crossing period triggers the interrupt for the first time.
5. A voltage zero-crossing detection apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the micro control unit is configured to:
f[n]＝1/(t0[n]-t0[n-1])
calculating the frequency of the voltage, wherein f [ n ]]Frequency, t, of the voltage of the nth voltage zero crossing period0[n]The zero crossing time, t, representing the nth voltage zero crossing period0[n-1]Represents the zero-crossing time of the (n-1) th voltage zero-crossing period.
6. A voltage zero-crossing detection apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the micro control unit is configured to:
θ[n]＝2πf[n](t-t0[n])
calculating the phase of the voltage at the current moment, wherein the theta [ n ]]Representing the phase of said voltage at the present moment, said f [ n ]]Frequency, t, of the voltage of the nth voltage zero crossing period0[n]Represents the zero-crossing time of the nth voltage zero-crossing period, and t represents the current time.
7. A voltage zero-crossing detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the micro control unit comprises:
the interrupt system is used for triggering interrupt when the comparator outputs an electrical frequency signal;
the system clock is used for recording the current trigger time when the trigger is interrupted;
and the zero-crossing calculating unit is used for calculating the frequency and the phase of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge at present according to the present trigger moment.
8. A voltage zero crossing detection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the comparator comprises a device or circuit capable of outputting different electrical frequency signals according to different input voltages.
9. A voltage zero crossing detection apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the comparator comprises an operational amplifier or a digital optocoupler.
10. An air conditioner, characterized in that, it comprises a voltage zero-crossing detection device according to any one of claims 1-9, said voltage zero-crossing detection device is used for detecting the zero-crossing of the voltage output by the uncontrolled rectifier bridge at the back end of the power grid to obtain the frequency and phase of said voltage, so that said air conditioner can realize single-phase lock according to said frequency and phase.
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| CN117054729A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-11-14 | 钰泰半导体股份有限公司 | Alternating current power line bidirectional zero-crossing detection chip, circuit and method |
| CN117054729B (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-12-22 | 钰泰半导体股份有限公司 | Alternating current power line bidirectional zero-crossing detection chip, circuit and method |
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Application publication date: 20200703 |