CN111366083A - Device and method for quickly and accurately measuring center coordinates of hollow pipeline - Google Patents
Device and method for quickly and accurately measuring center coordinates of hollow pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN111366083A CN111366083A CN202010306737.1A CN202010306737A CN111366083A CN 111366083 A CN111366083 A CN 111366083A CN 202010306737 A CN202010306737 A CN 202010306737A CN 111366083 A CN111366083 A CN 111366083A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012031 short term test Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
- G01B21/042—Calibration or calibration artifacts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/02—Means for marking measuring points
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
A device for rapidly measuring the central three-dimensional coordinate of a hollow pipeline comprises a total station and an auxiliary plug head arranged on the pipeline, wherein the auxiliary plug head comprises an end plate, and the edge of the end plate coincides with that of the pipeline when the end plate is attached to the pipeline; at least one surface of the end plate is provided with a cross mark line and a self-adhesive reflector plate. According to the device and the method for quickly and accurately measuring the center coordinate of the hollow pipeline, the pipeline is sealed by the auxiliary plug head, and the center of the auxiliary plug head is positioned, so that the center coordinate of the hollow pipeline can be quickly calibrated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to a device and a method for quickly and accurately measuring a central coordinate of a hollow pipeline.
Background
In the engineering measurement field, particularly in the fields of metal structure installation and embedded part installation and measurement, a large number of hollow pipelines are often required to be embedded or installed, the hollow pipelines mainly comprise a water diversion guide pipe, a cable pipe and a pressure pipeline in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and monitoring facility protection pipes such as a front-falling protection pipe, an inverted-falling protection pipe, a side inclined pipe, a laser collimation protection pipe and the like are often required to be embedded in a large dam of a hydropower station. The hollow pipelines have different radiuses, but most of the hollow pipelines adopt circular sections, and a small number of the hollow pipelines adopt rectangular or square sections, the materials mainly comprise metal pipelines and PVC pipelines, the hollow pipelines are installed and embedded in a segmented mode, and the effective aperture is finally guaranteed to meet the engineering requirements, so the precision requirements on measurement lofting and acceptance are very high, the related construction measurement specifications have clear requirements on the installation precision of important pipelines, particularly the design deviation of the center position of a pipe orifice, and if the diversion pipeline of a hydropower station starts to be installed, the installation measurement and acceptance limit difference is +/-5 mm, and other parts are +/-10-20 mm. The inclination limit difference of the forward and backward hanging protection tubes and the side inclined tube in the dam monitoring facility is 1/2000, and the daily acceptance measurement is controlled according to the limit difference of +/-10 mm.
The pipeline acceptance inspection is mainly used for measuring the design deviation of the central position of the circular pipe orifice, the circular pipe orifice is hollow, the measurement cannot be directly carried out, the conventional measurement adopts an indirect measurement method, namely a total station is matched with a small prism to measure measuring points on the periphery of the pipe orifice, the measuring points are obtained through a calculator editing program, and the common methods comprise a three-point circle center calculating method, a four-point average value calculating method, a multi-point fitting circle center measuring method and a middle estimation method in a guiding rule (or a measuring rope). The method has the disadvantages that the standards are not uniform, the precision is not high, the positions of the measuring points are difficult to master and are random, and the error between the result of each measurement and the true value is large, so that the consistency and the precision of the measurement result are not high. These methods are inefficient and require a large amount of human resources. The construction measurement of national key engineering is a set of very precise and systematic work, which comprises the steps of construction lofting, process detection, stage acceptance and completion acceptance. The process detection and acceptance are simultaneously participated by a third-party measuring mechanism entrusted by a constructor, a supervision engineer and an owner, and the measurement results of all parties are large in discrete value due to the fact that a set of unified method and standard is not available, so that the phenomena of repeated measurement, rework, work nest and the like are frequently generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a device and a method for quickly and accurately measuring the central coordinate of a hollow pipeline, which have the advantages of simple measuring steps, few measuring points, high measuring efficiency, measurement precision guarantee and precision guarantee coefficient improvement.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a device for rapidly measuring the central three-dimensional coordinate of a hollow pipeline comprises a total station and an auxiliary plug head arranged on the pipeline, wherein the auxiliary plug head comprises an end plate, and the edge of the end plate coincides with that of the pipeline when the end plate is attached to the pipeline; at least one surface of the end plate is provided with a cross mark line and a self-adhesive reflector plate.
The inner side of the end plate is also connected with a sleeve plug, and when the sleeve plug enters the pipeline, the outer wall of the sleeve plug is attached to the inner wall of the pipeline.
The device adopts PVC material or aluminum alloy material.
The end plate is provided with at least two through holes.
The inner end face and the outer end face of the end plate are provided with cross marked lines and self-adhesive type reflecting sheets.
A method for rapidly measuring the central three-dimensional coordinates of a hollow pipeline comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the machined auxiliary plug head is detected, all manufacturing tolerances meet the requirements and can be put into use, and standard parts are adopted for verification and measurement and then can be put into field measurement.
Step two: the inner end sleeve plug of the auxiliary plug head is sleeved into the port of the pipeline to be measured, the fitting is ensured to be tight, and the measuring precision is ensured by ensuring the concentricity of the auxiliary plug head and the port.
Step three: the total station is set at a proper position, direct measurement is carried out by adopting a polar coordinate method after the back vision inspection is qualified, the center of the self-attaching reflector on the end plate is accurately aimed, the center three-dimensional coordinate of the port of the pipeline to be measured is quickly obtained, and the deviation value can be timely fed back to a construction unit by comparing the center three-dimensional coordinate with the design value.
In the third step, when the total station is not in sight with the reflector on the auxiliary chock plug, the center of the reflector can be aligned by adopting the modes of the prism and the centering rod, and the three-dimensional coordinate of the reflector is calculated by measuring the three-dimensional coordinate of the prism and the height of the prism.
In the second step, if the port of the pipeline to be tested can not be sleeved with the auxiliary plug head due to large errors, the auxiliary plug head is sleeved outwards, the front surface of the end plate is attached to the port of the pipeline to be tested, the outer edge of the end plate is aligned with the outer edge of the pipeline to be tested, and the end plate is fixed; and the total station is used for accurately measuring after aiming at the reflector plate at the center of the inner surface of the end plate.
The invention discloses a device and a method for quickly and accurately measuring the central coordinate of a hollow pipeline, which have the following technical effects:
1) the conventional method needs to measure the measuring points on the periphery of the pipeline opening, and then adopts a circle center algorithm to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the circle center, and the accuracy is difficult to ensure because the method is not uniform. The consistency and the precision of repeated measurement are unstable, so that the reliability of the result is not high, the efficiency is low, and the time and the labor are wasted. The method is applied to the super-huge hydro-junction engineering of three gorges engineering, family oriented dams, brook ferry, Udongde and the like, and the measuring accuracy can be better than +/-5 mm by adopting a high-accuracy surveying and mapping instrument.
2) The device has low manufacturing cost and convenient operation, and can be fixed for use or recycled for reuse.
3) The method changes indirect measurement into direct measurement, and the measurement precision and the measurement efficiency are obviously improved. The method is suitable for measuring, detecting and accepting the deviation value of the center position of the opening of the hollow pipeline with high quantity, high frequency and high precision. The method can accurately provide an accurate design deviation value for the installation and acceptance process of the hollow pipeline in time, is convenient to correct the deviation in time in the construction, and can effectively avoid the risk of rework or major quality accidents caused by the construction deviation exceeding the limit.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of the auxiliary plug of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view (first type) of the auxiliary plug of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view (second type) of the auxiliary plug of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the state that the auxiliary plug is plugged into the pipe to be tested in the invention.
In the figure: the total station comprises a total station 1, an auxiliary plug 2, an end plate 3, a pipeline 4, a cross mark 5, a self-adhesive reflector 6, a sleeve plug 7 and a through hole 8.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for rapidly measuring a three-dimensional coordinate of a center of a hollow pipeline includes a total station 1 and an auxiliary plug 2 mounted on a pipeline 4.
The auxiliary plug 2 is divided into a circular section auxiliary plug and a special section auxiliary plug because the pipeline 4 is divided into a circular pipe and a special pipe.
The appearance of the auxiliary plug head with the circular section is similar to that of a flange nut, the outermost end of the auxiliary plug head 2 with the circular section is a circular end plate 3, the outer diameter of the end plate 3 is consistent with that of a pipeline to be tested, a sleeve plug 7 is fixed at the inner end of the end plate 3, and the sleeve plug 7 is of a hollow cylinder structure. The outer diameter of the sleeve plug 7 is consistent with the inner diameter of the pipeline to be tested, so that the sleeve plug can be directly plugged into the pipeline to be tested, and the circle center of the auxiliary plug head 2 with the circular section is consistent with the circle center of the opening of the pipeline to be tested.
The whole device preferentially adopts PVC material, if very high to the required precision, also can adopt high-strength aviation aluminum alloy material.
The thickness of the end plate 3 is generally designed to be 5mm, and the length of the sleeve plug 7 is 20 mm-50 mm. The wall thickness of the sleeve plug 7 is 5 mm-10 mm. In order to facilitate the device to be quickly sleeved into the port of the pipeline to be measured, the design diameter of the inner end sleeve plug 7 is required to be reduced by 1mm by a processing party during accurate processing.
When the auxiliary plug 2 is processed, a cross diameter marking line is marked on the inner surface and the outer surface of the end plate 3 by laser scribing, particularly, a cross marking line 5 with the size of 50-100 mm is scribed at the circle center position of the inner surface and the outer surface, and the scribing precision of the marking line is 0.1 mm. A special total station self-adhesive reflector 6 is adhered to the circle centers of the inner side and the outer side (front side and back side) according to the cross mark 5, so that the collimation center of the special total station reflector is strictly ensured to be the circle center of the end plate 3, namely the circle center of the pipeline to be detected.
In addition, two through holes 8 are formed in the end plate 3, so that the auxiliary plug head 2 is convenient to mount and dismount.
The manufacturing principle of the auxiliary plug head with the special-shaped section is similar to that of the auxiliary plug head with the circular section, and the main appearance is different in shape. The end plate 3 and the sleeve plug 7 of the special-shaped section auxiliary plug head are consistent with the section shape of the opening of the pipeline to be tested. The central sign line is according to the design drawing and the requirements of a supervision engineer and an owner. And marking a cross center marking line on the inner surface and the outer surface, and then pasting a special self-pasting reflector plate for the total station. Two safety holes are also formed in the flange plate panel of the device, so that the device is convenient to mount and dismount.
A method for rapidly measuring the central three-dimensional coordinates of a hollow pipeline comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the processed auxiliary plug head 2 is detected, all manufacturing tolerances meet the requirements and can be put into use, and standard parts are adopted for verification and measurement and then can be put into field measurement.
Step two: the inner end sleeve plug 7 of the auxiliary plug head 2 is sleeved into the port of the pipeline 4 to be measured, the joint is ensured to be tight, and the measurement precision is ensured by ensuring the concentricity of the two.
Step three: the total station 1 is set at a proper position, direct measurement is carried out by adopting a polar coordinate method after the back vision inspection is qualified, the center of the self-attaching reflector 6 on the end plate 3 is accurately aimed, the center three-dimensional coordinate of the pipeline port to be measured is rapidly obtained, and the deviation value can be timely fed back to a construction unit by comparing the center three-dimensional coordinate with the design value.
The conventional indirect measurement method is labor-consuming and time-consuming, a special person is required to assist the endoscope and match the endoscope, a certain dangerous part needs to climb to a high position and a low position, the efficiency is very low when a large number of pipelines need to be checked and accepted, and the precision cannot be guaranteed.
In the third step, when the total station is not in sight with the reflector plate on the auxiliary chock plug 2, the center of the reflector plate can be aligned by adopting the modes of the prism and the centering rod, and the three-dimensional coordinate of the reflector plate can be calculated by measuring the three-dimensional coordinate of the prism and the height of the prism.
In the second step, if the port of the pipeline to be tested can not be sleeved in the auxiliary plug head 2 due to large errors, the sleeve plug 7 faces outwards, the front surface of the end plate 3 is attached to the port of the pipeline to be tested, the outer edge of the end plate 3 is aligned with the outer edge of the pipeline to be tested, and the end plate 3 is fixed; the total station is used for accurately measuring after aiming at the reflector plate at the center of the inner surface of the end plate 3.
This auxiliary measuring device can also measure the relative straightness that hangs down and the plane degree of the pipeline mouth that awaits measuring, if pipeline mouth external diameter is great, the construction needs to know sometimes that the pipeline mouth has the deviation at perpendicular and parallel surface, at this moment can align the diameter cross marking level of ring flange surface ruling or plumb, carry out the punctuation at four marginal endpoints of cross marking, adopt the total powerstation to exempt from the prism mode or carry out the precision measurement with the mode of pasting the reflector plate, compare through two sets of horizontal line and perpendicular line, can calculate the pipeline mouth that awaits measuring straightness and plane degree deviation that hangs down.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a device of hollow pipeline center three-dimensional coordinate of short-term test which characterized in that: the device comprises a total station (1) and an auxiliary plug head (2) arranged on a pipeline (4), wherein the auxiliary plug head (2) comprises an end plate (3), and the edges of the end plate (3) and the pipeline (4) are overlapped when the end plate (3) is attached; at least one surface of the end plate (3) is provided with a cross mark (5) and a self-adhesive reflector plate (6).
2. The apparatus for rapidly measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of a hollow pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner side of the end plate (3) is also connected with a sleeve plug (7), and when the sleeve plug (7) enters the pipeline (4), the outer wall of the sleeve plug (7) is attached to the inner wall of the pipeline (4).
3. The apparatus for rapidly measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of a hollow pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device adopts PVC material or aluminum alloy material.
4. The apparatus for rapidly measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of a hollow pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the end plate (3) is provided with at least two through holes (8).
5. The apparatus for rapidly measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of a hollow pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner end face and the outer end face of the end plate (3) are provided with cross marked lines (5) and self-adhesive reflecting sheets (6).
6. The method for measuring the three-dimensional coordinate of the center of the hollow pipeline by the device for rapidly measuring the three-dimensional coordinate of the center of the hollow pipeline according to any one of claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the processed auxiliary plug head (2) is detected, all manufacturing tolerances meet the requirements and can be put into use, and standard parts are adopted for verification and measurement and then can be put into field measurement;
step two: sleeving an inner end sleeve plug (7) of the auxiliary plug head (2) into a port of the pipeline to be measured (4), ensuring tight fitting and ensuring the concentricity of the two to ensure the measurement precision;
step three: the total station (1) is arranged at a proper position, direct measurement is carried out by adopting a polar coordinate method after the back vision inspection is qualified, the center of a self-attaching reflector (6) on an end plate (3) is accurately aimed, the center three-dimensional coordinate of a pipeline port to be measured is rapidly obtained, and the deviation value can be timely fed back to a construction unit by comparing the center three-dimensional coordinate with a design value.
7. The method for rapidly measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the hollow pipeline according to claim 6, wherein: in the third step, when the total station and the reflector on the auxiliary chock plug (2) are not in sight, the center of the reflector can be aligned by adopting the modes of the prism and the centering rod, and the three-dimensional coordinate of the reflector is calculated by measuring the three-dimensional coordinate of the prism and the height of the prism.
8. The method for rapidly measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the hollow pipeline according to claim 6, wherein: in the second step, if the port of the pipeline to be tested cannot be sleeved into the auxiliary plug head (2) due to large errors, the sleeve plug (7) faces outwards, the front surface of the end plate (3) is attached to the port of the pipeline to be tested, the outer edge of the end plate (3) is aligned to the outer edge of the pipeline to be tested, and the end plate (3) is fixed; the total station is used for accurately measuring after aiming at the reflector plate at the center of the inner surface of the end plate (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010306737.1A CN111366083A (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Device and method for quickly and accurately measuring center coordinates of hollow pipeline |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010306737.1A CN111366083A (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Device and method for quickly and accurately measuring center coordinates of hollow pipeline |
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| CN111366083A true CN111366083A (en) | 2020-07-03 |
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| CN202010306737.1A Pending CN111366083A (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Device and method for quickly and accurately measuring center coordinates of hollow pipeline |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112504241A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-16 | 中铁大桥局集团第五工程有限公司 | Measuring prism device for positioning axis of circular pipeline and using method |
| CN113310472A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-27 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | Method for checking position of prestressed pipeline of containment |
| CN114383507A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-22 | 山西双环重工集团有限公司 | Measuring and scribing method |
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| CN201688820U (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2010-12-29 | 中国葛洲坝集团股份有限公司 | Hollow circular sleeve center positional deviation measurement device |
| KR101534113B1 (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-07-07 | 한국멕케이용재 주식회사 | Inspection jig for fit up of flange joined with bend |
| CN105865372A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-08-17 | 四川理工学院 | Pipeline roundness value automatic detection system and detection method |
| CN211855213U (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-11-03 | 中国葛洲坝集团股份有限公司 | Device for quickly and accurately measuring center coordinates of hollow pipeline |
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2020
- 2020-04-17 CN CN202010306737.1A patent/CN111366083A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201688820U (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2010-12-29 | 中国葛洲坝集团股份有限公司 | Hollow circular sleeve center positional deviation measurement device |
| KR101534113B1 (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-07-07 | 한국멕케이용재 주식회사 | Inspection jig for fit up of flange joined with bend |
| CN105865372A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-08-17 | 四川理工学院 | Pipeline roundness value automatic detection system and detection method |
| CN211855213U (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-11-03 | 中国葛洲坝集团股份有限公司 | Device for quickly and accurately measuring center coordinates of hollow pipeline |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112504241A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-16 | 中铁大桥局集团第五工程有限公司 | Measuring prism device for positioning axis of circular pipeline and using method |
| CN113310472A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-27 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | Method for checking position of prestressed pipeline of containment |
| CN113310472B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-04-29 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | Method for checking position of prestressed pipeline of containment |
| CN114383507A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-22 | 山西双环重工集团有限公司 | Measuring and scribing method |
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