CN111365936A - Layout method of household cold chain system with central ice warehouse as core - Google Patents
Layout method of household cold chain system with central ice warehouse as core Download PDFInfo
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- CN111365936A CN111365936A CN202010183267.4A CN202010183267A CN111365936A CN 111365936 A CN111365936 A CN 111365936A CN 202010183267 A CN202010183267 A CN 202010183267A CN 111365936 A CN111365936 A CN 111365936A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
- F25D25/04—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled by conveyors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
- G06Q10/087—Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
Abstract
The invention relates to a layout method of a household cold chain system with a central ice warehouse as a core. The user orders the quick-frozen food materials at home, the dispatching is completed by a family cold chain system according to a preset algorithm, and the food materials are transmitted to the home of the user through a preset track. In a further embodiment, the position and the number of the central ice warehouse and the planetary ice warehouse are determined by a scheduling algorithm through a density peak value clustering algorithm, so that a multi-level topological ice warehouse network is formed among the central ice warehouse, the planetary ice warehouse and the unit building, the transmission path of food materials is optimized through a bird swarm optimization, and the path structure is continuously optimized through a positive feedback mechanism. The algorithm improves the efficiency of food material transmission through overall arrangement and scheduling optimization.
Description
This patent is the divisional application, and the information of former application is as follows, the name: a layout method of a family cold chain system taking a central ice bank as a core applies for the following numbers: 2019107905303, filing date: 2019/8/26.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cold chain system, in particular to a layout method of a household cold chain with a central ice warehouse as a core.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the food preservation in the modern home environment becomes a trouble commonly faced by the current users, especially the storage of high-grade food materials and the attention to health and nutrition, so that the family needs to be upgraded on the freezing preservation system of food, wine and the like.
Cold chain systems, which are common in the market at the present stage, are usually used in food plants, such cold chain lines working according to a specific function and working manner. It is clearly not feasible to move such a cold chain system into a cell, especially due to the influence of the cell topography, the number and location of buildings, and the problems of transmission efficiency, overall arrangement, and path optimization, which are clearly important considerations in construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the layout method of the family cold chain system with the central ice warehouse as the core is provided, and the problems in the prior art are solved.
The technical scheme is as follows: a central freezer-based home cold chain system comprising:
a central ice house for storing quick-frozen food materials and sorting corresponding food materials;
the planetary ice house is used for receiving the food materials sorted by the central ice house and transferring the food materials;
the central computer is used for calculating the shortest sorting path and the shortest transmission path;
the warehouse is built at a preset underground depth of each unit building and is used for receiving food materials sent out from the planetary ice warehouse;
a longitudinal pipeline which is used for providing a longitudinal transmission path for the cargo compartment and corresponds to a corresponding floor;
a transmission main road for establishing a transmission path between the central ice bank and the planetary ice bank;
the transmission branch channel is used for establishing a transmission path between the planetary ice warehouse and the cargo compartment of each unit building;
a transmission bypass for establishing a transmission path with the user's home at the corresponding floor;
the Internet of things control panel is arranged at the home of a user and used for providing human-computer interaction.
In a further embodiment, a multi-level topological type ice bank network is formed among the central ice bank, the planetary ice bank and the unit building, the central ice bank serves as a primary node, the planetary ice bank serves as a secondary node, and the unit building serves as a tertiary node.
In a further embodiment, the cargo compartment comprises a box body, a compartment door arranged on the box body, a coded lock arranged on the box body and used for locking the compartment door, and heat-insulating interlayers attached to the outer wall and the inner wall of the box body.
In a further embodiment, the main transport way, the branch transport way and the bypass transport way are identical in structure and comprise rails with preset widths and carrier trolleys which are erected on the rails and travel along the rails, at least one carrier trolley is arranged on each of the main transport way, the branch transport way and the bypass transport way, and the travel range of each carrier trolley is limited to the rails.
In a further embodiment, the longitudinal pipeline is embedded in each unit building, the height above the ground is matched with the actual floor, and the depth below the ground is consistent with the depth of the cargo bin; the longitudinal pipeline comprises a lifting well, a lifting box vertically sliding in the lifting well, a cross sliding table arranged on a bottom plate in the lifting box, a traction machine fixedly arranged on the upper part of the lifting well, and a traction rope connecting the lifting box and the traction machine; the lifting box is hollow on four sides.
A layout method of a household cold chain system taking a central ice bank as a core comprises the following steps:
step 1, aiming at unit building arrangement of a user community, determining the position of a central ice bank and the positions and the number of planetary ice banks by using a density peak value clustering algorithm, so that a multi-level topological ice bank network is formed among the central ice bank, the planetary ice banks and the unit buildings, wherein the central ice bank is used as a primary node, the planetary ice banks are used as secondary nodes, and the unit buildings are used as tertiary nodes;
step 2, establishing an objective function in the multilevel topological type ice bank network:
in the formula, N represents the stage number of the multistage topological type ice bank network; n iskRepresents the number of nodes of the kth stage; xkjiRepresenting the connection relationship between the jth node of the kth level and the ith node of the kth-1 level; y iskjiRepresents a distance function between a jth node of a kth level and an ith node of a k-1 level; xkjiIs controlled by whether the node is connected or not, when the connection exists between the j-th node of the k-th level and the i-th node of the k-1 level, X iskjiThe value is 1, when the j node of the kth level and the ith node of the (k-1) th level are not connected, X iskjiThe value is 0;
step 3, establishing constraint conditions including membership constraint and sorting quantity constraint in the objective function established in the step 2;
and 6, repeating the steps 4 to 5 until the individuals in the bird swarm algorithm reach the end point.
In a further embodiment, the step 1 is further:
step 1-1, selecting a plurality of nodes with local densities larger than a preset value and with distances reaching the preset value as clustering centers by using a density peak value clustering algorithm, and defining the clustering centers as the positions of the planetary ice bank;
the density peak value clustering algorithm needs to calculate the local density of the nodes and the threshold value of the node distance, and the local density calculation formula of the nodes is as follows:
where ρ represents the local density of the current node, ρiRepresenting the local density of the ith node, d representing the distance between the respective two nodes, dijRepresenting the distance between node i and node j, dsRepresents a truncation distance;
step 1-2, taking the position of the planetary ice bank as an independent variable, selecting a node with a local density value as a maximum value and a distance between the nodes reaching the maximum value as a clustering center by using a density peak value clustering algorithm again, and defining the clustering center as the position of a central ice bank;
the threshold calculation formula of the node distance is as follows:
where δ represents a threshold value for the pitch of a node, which represents the distance between the node and the node closest thereto when the local density is greater than the current node.
In a further embodiment, the step 3 is further:
step 3-1, in the multistage topological type ice house network, the planet ice house is used as a secondary node and can be connected with only one central ice house; the central ice bank is used as a primary node and can be connected with a plurality of secondary nodes at the same time; the unit building is used as a three-level node and can be connected with only one planetary ice bank, and the planetary ice bank can be connected with a plurality of three-level nodes simultaneously; and (3) establishing membership constraints according to the conditions, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein i is 1, 2, 3 …, nk-1；k＝1，2，…，N；
Step 3-2, in order to avoid imbalance caused by overlarge distribution difference between the unit building and the planetary ice bank and ensure that the sorting quantity of each planetary ice bank tends to balance, sorting quantity constraint is established, and the formula is as follows:
wherein j is 1, 2, 3 …, nk；k＝1，2，…，N；fiRepresenting the sorting amount of the central ice warehouse; fmin kjReceiving the minimum value of the food materials sorted by the central ice storage for the jth node of the kth level; fmax kjAnd receiving the maximum value of the food materials sorted by the central ice warehouse for the jth node of the kth level.
In a further embodiment, the step 4 is further:
modeling a transmission path, drawing a longitudinal pipeline which is used for providing a longitudinal transmission path for a warehouse and corresponds to a corresponding floor, a main transmission channel which is used for establishing the transmission path between the central ice warehouse and the planetary ice warehouse, a branch transmission channel which is used for establishing the transmission path between the planetary ice warehouse and the warehouse of each unit building, and a transmission bypass which is used for establishing the transmission path between the corresponding floor and the home of a user in a space coordinate system, and calculating the time required by the carrier vehicle to execute n instructions:
in the formula, T represents the time for executing the nth instruction to lead the carrier vehicle to reach the corresponding floor corresponding to the user; t is0，iThe time spent by passing through the planetary ice house and then transferring from the planetary ice house to the unit building is represented by taking the central ice house as a starting point; t is0，iThe unit building is taken as a starting point, passes through the planetary ice storehouses first and then returns to the central ice storehouses from the planetary ice storehousesTime of (d).
In a further embodiment, the step 5 is further:
calculating the state transition probability, and the formula is as follows:
in the formula, P represents the state transition probability of the carrier vehicle from the node i to the node j;
the pheromone concentration on the path from the node i to the node j of the carrier trolley is represented; wi，jRepresenting the expected value of the carrier from node i to node j, and λ and β are pheromone and expected value heuristics, respectively.
Has the advantages that: the invention relates to a layout method of a household cold chain system with a central ice warehouse as a core. The user is in the family to ordering to required quick-freeze food material, accomplishes the dispatch by central authorities' icehouse, planet icehouse according to predetermined algorithm, transmits to the user family through predetermined track, need not to consider factors such as the occupation of land of quick-freeze case at the user family, unifies and accomplishes corresponding facility construction and pipeline reservation when building the house by the property, has reduced the area occupied at the user family. In a further embodiment, the position of the central ice warehouse and the positions and the number of the planetary ice warehouses are determined by a scheduling algorithm through a density peak value clustering algorithm, so that a multi-level topological type ice warehouse network is formed among the central ice warehouse, the planetary ice warehouses and the unit buildings, the transmission path of food materials is optimized through a bird swarm optimization, and the path structure is continuously optimized through a positive feedback mechanism. The algorithm ensures the placing coordination of the ice house position and improves the food material transmission efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage topology type ice house network formed among a central ice house, a planetary ice house and a unit building.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the positional relationship among the central ice house, the planetary ice house and the unit building.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the carrier vehicle and the running track thereof.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the carrier vehicle of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a first perspective view of a flight transfer assembly of the carrier cart.
Fig. 6 is a second perspective view of the flight transport assembly of the carrier cart.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel carrier in the carrier trolley.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the driving wheel according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a guide wheel in the present invention.
The figures are numbered: the conveyor comprises a track 1, a limiting block 2, a carrying trolley 3, a chain plate transmission assembly 4, a side supporting plate 401, a nylon roller 402, a second chain 403, a first chain 404, a cross beam plate 405, a chain plate 406, a third chain wheel 407, a second chain wheel 408, a fourth chain wheel 409, a first chain wheel 410, a guide wheel 5, a vertical part 501, a horizontal part 502, a reinforcing rib 503, an axle 504, a chassis 6, a wheel frame 7, an angular contact bearing 701, a bearing mounting seat 702, a quincunx through hole 703, a driving motor 8, a driving wheel 9, a solid steel wheel 901, a hub 902, a scanner 10, a driven wheel 11 and a barcode belt 12.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1, the detailed details are shown in fig. 2 to 9: the invention discloses a layout method of a family cold chain system with a central ice warehouse as a core. The household cold chain system with the central ice house as the core comprises the central ice house, a planetary ice house, a central computer, a cargo bin, a longitudinal pipeline, a main transmission channel, a branch transmission channel, a bypass transmission channel and an Internet of things control panel, wherein the central ice house is used for storing quick-frozen food materials and sorting corresponding food materials. And the planetary ice house is used for receiving the food materials sorted by the central ice house and transferring the food materials. The central computer is used for calculating the shortest sorting path and the shortest transmission path and scheduling among all levels. The warehouse is established at a preset depth below each unit building and is used for receiving food materials sent out from the planetary ice warehouse. The longitudinal pipeline is used for providing a longitudinal transmission path for the cargo compartment and corresponds to a corresponding floor. The transmission main channel is used for establishing a transmission path between the central ice warehouse and the planetary ice warehouse. The transmission branch channel is used for establishing a transmission path between the planetary ice storage and the cargo compartment of each unit building. The transmission bypass is used for establishing a transmission path with the home of the user at the corresponding floor. The Internet of things control panel is arranged in a user home and used for providing human-computer interaction, the Internet of things control panel is directly connected with the central computer in a bidirectional communication mode, the communication bandwidth is giga level, the uplink and downlink are equal, and communication is preferably carried out through communication cables.
In the system, only one central ice bank is provided, the central ice bank is a primary node, all the food materials with the freshness locking class are stored in the central ice bank in advance, active scheduling is carried out by a central computer, a part of the food materials are distributed to a planetary ice bank, the planetary ice bank serves as a transfer station, and in the system, the planetary ice bank serves as a secondary node and a unit building serves as a tertiary node. And a multi-stage topological type ice house network is formed among the central ice house, the planetary ice house and the unit building. In the multi-stage topological type ice bank network, a planetary ice bank is used as a secondary node and can be connected with only one central ice bank; the central ice bank is used as a primary node and can be connected with a plurality of secondary nodes at the same time; the unit building is used as a three-level node and can be connected with only one planetary ice bank, and the planetary ice bank can be simultaneously connected with a plurality of three-level nodes.
As a preferred scheme, the warehouse comprises a box body, a warehouse door, a coded lock and a heat insulation interlayer, wherein the warehouse door is arranged on the box body, the coded lock is used for locking the warehouse door in a split design, the heat insulation interlayer is arranged on the outer wall and the inner wall of the box body in a fit manner, the heat insulation interlayer is used for playing a role in heat insulation, in order to reduce energy consumption, and in view of the fact that the distance of a longitudinal pipeline is not long, the running time of the warehouse on the track 1 is not long, external refrigeration is not needed during the period, and only the warehouse and the outside are isolated by a good heat insulation interlayer, so that the weight of the warehouse is reduced, and the energy consumption is also reduced.
As a preferable scheme, the main transportation road, the branch transportation road and the bypass transportation road have the same structure, and comprise a track 1 with a preset width and a carrier trolley 3 which is erected on the track 1 and travels along the track 1, at least one carrier trolley 3 is respectively arranged on the main transportation road, the branch transportation road and the bypass transportation road, and the travel range of each carrier trolley 3 is limited to the track 1 on which the carrier trolley is arranged. The track 1 is parallel to each other, the cross-section of track 1 is the I-shaped, stopper 2 is fixed the both ends of track 1, track 1 one side inwards is inboard rail, track 1 one side outwards is outer side rail.
The carrying trolley 3 further comprises a chassis 6, a driving motor 8, a wheel carrier 7, a driving wheel, a trolley body and a chain plate transmission assembly 4. The driving motor 8 is fixed on one side of the vehicle chassis 6, the wheel carriers 7 are fixed on four corners of the vehicle chassis 6, the driving wheels are rotatably arranged on the wheel carriers 7, the vehicle body is fixed on the vehicle chassis 6, and the chain plate transmission assembly 4 is arranged on the vehicle body. The driving wheel positioned on one side of the driving motor 8 is a driving wheel 9, and the driving wheel positioned on one side far away from the driving motor 8 is a driven wheel 11; the driving wheels 9 are connected through a main shaft, and an output shaft of the driving motor 8 is connected with the main shaft through a coupler. The driving wheel 9 and the driven wheel 11 have the same structure and comprise a solid steel wheel 901 and a hub 902 which is fixed on two sides of the solid steel wheel through bolts and is concentric with the solid steel wheel, wherein a quincunx through hole 703 is formed in the center of the hub 902, the section of the main shaft is in a quincunx shape, and the main shaft is in interference fit with the center of the hub 902; the wheel carrier 7 is in a hollow cuboid shape, one end of the wheel carrier is open, bearing installation seats 702 are arranged on two sides of the wheel carrier 7, angular contact bearings 701 are installed in the bearing installation seats 702, the angular contact bearings 701 and the bearing installation seats 702 are in interference fit, a hub 902 of the driving wheel 9 or the driven wheel 11 is inserted into the angular contact bearings 701, and the hub 902 and the angular contact bearings 701 are in transition fit. The carrying trolley 3 further comprises a plurality of guide wheels 5 which are rotatably arranged at four corners of the chassis 6; a guide wheel 5 bracket is fixed on one side of the wheel frame 7, the section of the guide wheel 5 bracket is L-shaped and comprises a vertical part 501 and a horizontal part 502, and the vertical part 501 is fixedly connected with one side of the wheel frame 7 through a bolt; a reinforcing rib 503 is arranged between the vertical part 501 and the horizontal part 502; the horizontal part 502 is provided with a pair of strip-shaped holes, the wheel shaft 504 is inserted into the strip-shaped holes and locked through bolts, and the guide wheel 5 is rotatably connected with the wheel shaft 504 through a deep groove ball bearing; the axial direction of the guide wheel 5 is perpendicular to the reference plane. The guide wheels 5 are respectively positioned on one side of the inner side rail and one side of the outer side rail, the guide wheels 5 are respectively contacted with the inner side rail and the outer side rail, and the contact pressure is a preset value.
The chain plate transmission assembly 4 comprises a side support plate 401, a cross beam plate 405, a driving shaft, a driven shaft, a speed reducing motor, a first chain wheel 410, a second chain wheel 408, a third chain wheel 407, a fourth chain wheel 409, a first chain 404, a second chain 403, a nylon roller 402 and a chain plate 406. The side support plates 401 are arranged in parallel, the cross beam plate 405 is fixed between the side support plates 401, the driving shaft and the driven shaft are respectively and rotatably arranged at two ends of the side support plates 401 through tapered roller bearings, the speed reducing motor is installed at one side of the cross beam plate 405, the first chain wheel 410 is fixed at one end of an output shaft of the speed reducing motor, the second chain wheel 408 is fixed at one end of the driving shaft, the third chain wheel 407 is fixed on the driving shaft, the third chain wheel 407 and the second chain wheel 408 are separated by a preset distance, the fourth chain wheel 409 is fixed on the driven shaft, the fourth chain wheel 409 and the third chain wheel 407 are positioned on the same plane, the first chain 404 is connected on the first chain wheel 410 and the second chain wheel 408 in a meshing manner, and the second chain wheel 408 is connected on the third chain wheel 407 and the fourth chain wheel 409 in a meshing manner, the nylon roller 402 is fixed at the center of the driving shaft and the driven shaft, and the chain plate 406 is sleeved on the nylon roller 402.
The position memory component comprises a barcode strip 12 and a scanner, wherein the barcode strip 12 is attached to the inner side rail, the length of the barcode strip 12 is set according to the maximum stroke required by the carrying trolley 3, and the scanner 10 is fixed on one side of the trolley body close to the barcode strip 12. Scanner 10 includes laser scanner, laser scanner's laser emission mouth is just in barcode strip 12, the built-in changer of laser scanner, carry the built-in control circuit board of dolly 3, control circuit board with the changer passes through communication cable and connects.
The longitudinal pipeline is pre-embedded in each unit building, the height of the longitudinal pipeline above the ground is matched with that of an actual floor, and the depth of the longitudinal pipeline below the ground is consistent with that of the cargo bin; the vertical pipeline comprises a lifting well, a lifting box, a cross sliding table, a traction machine and a traction rope, the lifting box is built by sectional materials, four sides of the lifting box are hollowed out, and the cross sliding table can push food materials to move out of the lifting box in four directions around. The lifting box is arranged in the lifting well in a sliding mode along the vertical direction, the traction machine is fixedly installed on the upper portion of the lifting well, and the traction rope is connected with the lifting box and the traction machine. The hoisting machine is used for rolling the hoisting rope, so that the hoisting rope drives the lifting box to lift along the lifting shaft.
The following explains the specific working process of the present invention:
firstly, a user places an order at home, interacts on an Internet of things control panel, selects required quick-frozen food materials, and waits for the food materials to be automatically sent to the home after payment is completed by using a mobile payment means. The central computer receives the order request, sends a scheduling instruction to the central ice warehouse and the planet ice warehouse, and the central ice warehouse and the planet ice warehouse complete scheduling in a mode of cargo priority and distance priority. The priority of goods is that the central computer firstly reads the inventory information of a plurality of planetary icehouses and screens out the planetary icehouses with corresponding food materials. The specific classification is two cases: if the planetary icehouses with the corresponding food materials can be screened out, the central computer calculates the distance between the planetary icehouses and the unit building where the user is located, the planetary icehouses closest to the unit building of the user are screened out, and the planetary icehouses serve as final ex-storeroom icehouses. If the food materials required by the user are not found in the stock of all the planetary icehouses, the central icehouse completes scheduling, the central computer calculates the shortest scheduling route, and the food materials in the central icehouse are transmitted to the planetary icehouse closest to the user through the transmission main channel. It is worth mentioning that the dispatching path of the invention is optimized by the central computer according to the layout of the designated algorithm, and the optimization method is as follows:
step 1, aiming at unit building arrangement of a user community, determining the position of a central ice bank and the positions and the number of planetary ice banks by using a density peak value clustering algorithm, so that a multi-level topological ice bank network is formed among the central ice bank, the planetary ice banks and the unit buildings, wherein the central ice bank is used as a primary node, the planetary ice banks are used as secondary nodes, and the unit buildings are used as tertiary nodes;
step 1-1, selecting a plurality of nodes with local densities larger than a preset value and with distances reaching the preset value as clustering centers by using a density peak value clustering algorithm, and defining the clustering centers as the positions of the planetary ice bank;
the density peak value clustering algorithm needs to calculate the local density of the nodes and the threshold value of the node distance, and the local density calculation formula of the nodes is as follows:
where ρ represents the local density of the current node, ρiRepresenting the local density of the ith node, d representing the distance between the respective two nodes, dijRepresenting the distance between node i and node j, dsRepresents a truncation distance;
step 1-2, taking the position of the planetary ice bank as an independent variable, selecting a node with a local density value as a maximum value and a distance between the nodes reaching the maximum value as a clustering center by using a density peak value clustering algorithm again, and defining the clustering center as the position of a central ice bank;
the threshold calculation formula of the node distance is as follows:
where δ represents a threshold value for the pitch of a node, which represents the distance between the node and the node closest thereto when the local density is greater than the current node.
Step 2, establishing an objective function in the multilevel topological type ice bank network:
in the formula, N represents the stage number of the multistage topological type ice bank network; n iskRepresents the number of nodes of the kth stage; xkjiRepresenting the connection relationship between the jth node of the kth level and the ith node of the kth-1 level; y iskjiRepresents a distance function between a jth node of a kth level and an ith node of a k-1 level; xkjiIs controlled by whether the node is connected or not, when the connection exists between the j-th node of the k-th level and the i-th node of the k-1 level, X iskjiThe value is 1, when the j node of the kth level and the ith node of the (k-1) th level are not connected, X iskjiThe value is 0;
step 3, establishing constraint conditions including membership constraint and sorting quantity constraint in the objective function established in the step 2;
step 3-1, in the multistage topological type ice house network, the planet ice house is used as a secondary node and can be connected with only one central ice house; the central ice bank is used as a primary node and can be connected with a plurality of secondary nodes at the same time; the unit building is used as a three-level node and can be connected with only one planetary ice bank, and the planetary ice bank can be connected with a plurality of three-level nodes simultaneously; and (3) establishing membership constraints according to the conditions, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein i is 1, 2, 3 …, nk-1；k＝1，2，…，N；
Step 3-2, in order to avoid imbalance caused by overlarge distribution difference between the unit building and the planetary ice bank and ensure that the sorting quantity of each planetary ice bank tends to balance, sorting quantity constraint is established, and the formula is as follows:
wherein j is 1, 2, 3 …, nk；k＝1，2，…，N；fiRepresenting the sorting amount of the central ice warehouse; fmin kjReceiving the minimum value of the food materials sorted by the central ice storage for the jth node of the kth level; fmax kjAnd receiving the maximum value of the food materials sorted by the central ice warehouse for the jth node of the kth level.
in the formula, T represents the time for executing the nth instruction to lead the carrier vehicle to reach the corresponding floor corresponding to the user; t is0，iThe time spent by passing through the planetary ice house and then transferring from the planetary ice house to the unit building is represented by taking the central ice house as a starting point; t is0，iThe time spent by passing through the planetary icebox first and then returning from the planetary icebox to the central icebox with the unit building as a starting point is represented.
in the formula, P represents the state transition probability of the carrier vehicle from the node i to the node j;
the pheromone concentration on the path from the node i to the node j of the carrier trolley is represented; wi，jRepresenting the expected value of the carrier from node i to node j, and λ and β are pheromone and expected value heuristics, respectively.
And 6, repeating the steps 4 to 5 until the individuals in the bird swarm algorithm reach the end point.
After the dispatching and route planning of the central ice warehouse and the planetary ice warehouse are completed, the planned route is shortest to the user unit building under the condition that the ice warehouses have corresponding stocks. For the food material transmission, a track 1 transmission mode is adopted. A transmission branch road is designed between the planetary ice house and the unit building, a transmission main road is established between the central ice house and the planetary ice house, a longitudinal pipeline with preset height is established in the unit building, the longitudinal pipeline directly corresponds to a floor of a user from an underground preset depth channel, and each floor is also provided with a transmission bypass leading to the home of the user from the longitudinal pipeline. The bearing trolley reserves a standby state on the transmission main road, the transmission branch road and the transmission side road. When the central ice house needs to schedule the planet ice house, the central ice house sends food materials to the carrying trolley 3 before the carrying trolley 3 moves to an outlet of the central ice house, and it should be noted that the central ice house and the planet ice house are both an automatic warehousing system and are provided with a horizontal moving mechanism moving along the horizontal direction, a lifter lifting along the vertical direction and a bearing support plate fixed on the lifter. The horizontal moving mechanism comprises a track 1 and a power trolley, the track 1 is horizontally arranged, the power trolley advances along the track 1, the bearing support plate can stretch out and draw back, the horizontal moving mechanism is moved to a row where food materials are located, the elevator is used for driving the bearing support plate to move to a row where the food materials are located, the bearing support plate stretches out after reaching an appointed position, the food materials are taken out and then return to the original path finally, and the food materials are conveyed to the carrying trolley 3. The food material is taken by the carrying trolley 3 and then moves along the transmission main road, the food material is transferred to another carrying trolley 3 after the food material arrives at the transmission branch road, the carrying trolley 3 carries the food continuously, and the original carrying trolley 3 returns to standby in the original path. Specifically, the operation process of the carrying trolley 3 is as follows: place the material on link joint transmission unit 4, the dolly 3 that takes over starts, is power for action wheel 9 by driving motor 8, drives action wheel 9 and rotates, follows action wheel 9 rotation from driving wheel 11 to make the dolly 3 that takes over march along track 1. In the process of moving the carrying trolley 3, guide wheels 5 are designed, the guide wheels 5 are respectively positioned on one side of the inner side rail and one side of the outer side rail, the guide wheels 5 are respectively in contact with the inner side rail and the outer side rail, and the contact pressure is a preset value. The running of the carrying trolley 3 can be influenced by overlarge pressure between the guide wheel 5 and the inner side rail and the outer side rail, and the guide effect cannot be realized by too small pressure, so that the shaking is easy to generate; the pressure values between the guide wheels 5 and the inner side rails and the outer side rails are kept within a preset range, so that the carrying trolley 3 runs stably. In order to design the starting, stopping and operating speed of the carrying trolley 3 in advance, a position memory component is designed, so that the carrying trolley 3 can operate intelligently. Specifically, a bar code strip 12 with a preset length is attached to an inner side rail, a scanner 10 is installed on one side, close to the bar code strip 12, of the vehicle body, the scanner 10 is used for scanning the bar code strip 12, scanned light signals are converted into electric signals through a transmitter, the electric signals are converted into digital signals after being amplified through an amplifying and shaping circuit on a control circuit board, the digital signals are fed back to a single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer controls the starting, stopping and running speed of the carrying trolley 3. When the running speed of the carrier trolley 3 in a certain section needs to be controlled to be 20km/h, the numerical value 20 is converted into a binary value in advance: 10100, the binary number is converted into black and white bars of the bar code, defining the black bar as 1 and the white bar as 0. Thus, when the scanner 10 scans the area, the value is read out to be 10100, and the speed per hour of the section is judged to be 20km/h, and at the moment, the singlechip controls the driving motor 8 to change the output rotating speed to adapt to the designed speed. When the carrier trolley 3 needs to be controlled to stop, namely the running speed is reduced to 0km/h, the binary number is 0, the bar code strip 12 of the segment is designed to be completely white, when the scanner 10 scans the area, the continuous 0 is read out, the segment is judged to be a stop segment, and the singlechip controls the driving motor 8 to stop. By installing the stoppers 2 at both ends of the rail 1, the stoppers 2 serve as a spare physical stopper to provide a physical stopper when the scanner 10 fails. When the carrying trolley 3 arrives at a destination, the chain plate transmission assembly 4 is started, the speed reduction motor outputs power to the first chain wheel 410, the power is transmitted to the second chain wheel 408 through the first chain 404 to drive the driving shaft to rotate, the driving shaft drives the third chain wheel 407 coaxially mounted with the driving shaft to rotate, the third chain wheel 407 is transmitted to the fourth chain wheel 409 through the second chain 403 to drive the driven shaft to rotate, the nylon rollers 402 mounted on the driving shaft and the driven shaft are used for driving the chain plate 406 to operate, and therefore materials are laterally transmitted out of the carrying trolley 3. After the food materials reach the downstairs of the unit, the food materials are transferred to the warehouse by the carrying trolley 3, the warehouse rises to the height of the user floor along the longitudinal pipeline, then the food materials are delivered to the third carrying trolley 3, and finally the food materials are transported to the home of the user by the carrying trolley 3.
As noted above, while the present invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it is not to be construed as limited thereto. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A layout method of a family cold chain system taking a central ice bank as a core is characterized by comprising the following steps:
based on the following modules:
a central ice house for storing quick-frozen food materials and sorting corresponding food materials;
the planetary ice house is used for receiving the food materials sorted by the central ice house and transferring the food materials;
the central computer is used for calculating the shortest sorting path and the shortest transmission path;
the warehouse is built at a preset underground depth of each unit building and is used for receiving food materials sent out from the planetary ice warehouse;
a longitudinal pipeline which is used for providing a longitudinal transmission path for the cargo compartment and corresponds to a corresponding floor;
a transmission main road for establishing a transmission path between the central ice bank and the planetary ice bank;
the transmission branch channel is used for establishing a transmission path between the planetary ice warehouse and the cargo compartment of each unit building;
a transmission bypass for establishing a transmission path with the user's home at the corresponding floor;
the Internet of things control panel is arranged in the home of a user and used for providing human-computer interaction;
a multi-level topological type ice house network is formed among the central ice house, the planetary ice house and the unit building, the central ice house is used as a first-level node, the planetary ice house is used as a second-level node, and the unit building is used as a third-level node;
the longitudinal pipeline is pre-embedded in each unit building, the height of the longitudinal pipeline above the ground is matched with that of an actual floor, and the depth of the longitudinal pipeline below the ground is consistent with that of the cargo bin; the longitudinal pipeline comprises a lifting well, a lifting box vertically sliding in the lifting well, a cross sliding table arranged on a bottom plate in the lifting box, a traction machine fixedly arranged on the upper part of the lifting well, and a traction rope connecting the lifting box and the traction machine; the four sides of the lifting box are hollowed out;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, aiming at unit building arrangement of a user community, determining the position of a central ice bank and the positions and the number of planetary ice banks by using a density peak value clustering algorithm, so that a multi-level topological ice bank network is formed among the central ice bank, the planetary ice banks and the unit buildings, wherein the central ice bank is used as a primary node, the planetary ice banks are used as secondary nodes, and the unit buildings are used as tertiary nodes;
step 2, establishing an objective function in the multilevel topological type ice bank network:
in the formula, N represents the stage number of the multistage topological type ice bank network; n iskRepresents the number of nodes of the kth stage; xkjiRepresenting the connection relationship between the jth node of the kth level and the ith node of the kth-1 level; y iskjiRepresents a distance function between a jth node of a kth level and an ith node of a k-1 level; xkjiIs controlled by whether the node is connected or not, when the connection exists between the j-th node of the k-th level and the i-th node of the k-1 level, X iskjiThe value is 1, when the j node of the kth level and the ith node of the (k-1) th level are not connected, X iskjiThe value is 0;
step 3, establishing constraint conditions including membership constraint and sorting quantity constraint in the objective function established in the step 2;
step 4, optimizing a transmission path of the food material by using a bird swarm algorithm, continuously optimizing a path structure by using a positive feedback mechanism, calculating an optimal solution, selecting a starting point and an end point of the path, and initializing an information matrix;
step 5, calculating the state transition probability among all nodes in the information matrix in the bird swarm algorithm, selecting the next node by using a wheel disc algorithm, and updating the path and the length of the path;
and 6, repeating the steps 4 to 5 until the individuals in the bird swarm algorithm reach the end point.
2. The layout method of a central ice bank-based home cold chain system according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 is further as follows:
step 1-1, selecting a plurality of nodes with local densities larger than a preset value and with distances reaching the preset value as clustering centers by using a density peak value clustering algorithm, and defining the clustering centers as the positions of the planetary ice bank;
the density peak value clustering algorithm needs to calculate the local density of the nodes and the threshold value of the node distance, and the local density calculation formula of the nodes is as follows:
where ρ represents the local density of the current node, ρiRepresenting the local density of the ith node, d representing the distance between the respective two nodes, dijRepresenting the distance between node i and node j, dsRepresents a truncation distance;
step 1-2, taking the position of the planetary ice bank as an independent variable, selecting a node with a local density value as a maximum value and a distance between the nodes reaching the maximum value as a clustering center by using a density peak value clustering algorithm again, and defining the clustering center as the position of a central ice bank;
the threshold calculation formula of the node distance is as follows:
where δ represents a threshold value for the pitch of a node, which represents the distance between the node and the node closest thereto when the local density is greater than the current node.
3. The layout method of a central ice bank-based home cold chain system according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 is further:
step 3-1, in the multistage topological type ice house network, the planet ice house is used as a secondary node and can be connected with only one central ice house; the central ice bank is used as a primary node and can be connected with a plurality of secondary nodes at the same time; the unit building is used as a three-level node and can be connected with only one planetary ice bank, and the planetary ice bank can be connected with a plurality of three-level nodes simultaneously; and (3) establishing membership constraints according to the conditions, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein i is 1, 2, 3 …, nk-1；k＝1，2，…，N；
Step 3-2, in order to avoid imbalance caused by overlarge distribution difference between the unit building and the planetary ice bank and ensure that the sorting quantity of each planetary ice bank tends to balance, sorting quantity constraint is established, and the formula is as follows:
wherein j is 1, 2, 3 …, nk；k＝1，2，…，N；fiRepresenting the sorting amount of the central ice warehouse; fmin kjReceiving the minimum value of the food materials sorted by the central ice storage for the jth node of the kth level; fmax kjAnd receiving the maximum value of the food materials sorted by the central ice warehouse for the jth node of the kth level.
4. The layout method of a central ice bank-based home cold chain system according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 is further:
modeling a transmission path, drawing a longitudinal pipeline which is used for providing a longitudinal transmission path for a warehouse and corresponds to a corresponding floor, a main transmission channel which is used for establishing the transmission path between the central ice warehouse and the planetary ice warehouse, a branch transmission channel which is used for establishing the transmission path between the planetary ice warehouse and the warehouse of each unit building, and a transmission bypass which is used for establishing the transmission path between the corresponding floor and the home of a user in a space coordinate system, and calculating the time required by the carrier vehicle to execute n instructions:
in the formula, T represents the time for executing the nth instruction to lead the carrier vehicle to reach the corresponding floor corresponding to the user; t is0，iThe time spent by passing through the planetary ice house and then transferring from the planetary ice house to the unit building is represented by taking the central ice house as a starting point; t is0，iThe time spent by passing through the planetary icebox first and then returning from the planetary icebox to the central icebox with the unit building as a starting point is represented.
5. The layout method of a central ice bank-based home cold chain system according to claim 1, wherein the step 5 is further:
calculating the state transition probability, and the formula is as follows:
in the formula, P represents the state transition probability of the carrier vehicle from the node i to the node j;
the pheromone concentration on the path from the node i to the node j of the carrier trolley is represented; wi，jRepresenting the expected value of the carrier from node i to node j, and λ and β are pheromone and expected value heuristics, respectively.
6. The layout method of a central ice bank-based home cold chain system according to claim 1, wherein: the goods warehouse comprises a box body, a warehouse door arranged on the box body, a coded lock arranged on the box body and used for locking the warehouse door, and a heat insulation interlayer arranged on the outer wall and the inner wall of the box body in a laminating manner.
7. The layout method of a central ice bank-based home cold chain system according to claim 1, wherein: the main conveying path, the branch conveying path and the bypass conveying path have the same structure and comprise a track with preset width and carrying trolleys which are erected on the track and move along the track, at least one carrying trolley is arranged on each of the main conveying path, the branch conveying path and the bypass conveying path, and the moving range of each carrying trolley is only limited to the track on which the carrying trolley is arranged.
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| US10007889B2 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2018-06-26 | Oracle International Corporation | Finding minimum cost transportation routes for orders through a transportation network |
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| CN105760954A (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2016-07-13 | 南通大学 | Parking system path planning method based on improved ant colony algorithm |
| CN107464078A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-12 | 新疆维吾尔自治区葡萄瓜果研究所 | A kind of "Hami" melon Cold Chain Logistics control system and control method |
| CN108108855B (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2021-09-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Conveying line path planning method |
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