CN111365507A - Miniaturized high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on spring tube displacement amplification - Google Patents
Miniaturized high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on spring tube displacement amplification Download PDFInfo
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- CN111365507A CN111365507A CN202010301348.XA CN202010301348A CN111365507A CN 111365507 A CN111365507 A CN 111365507A CN 202010301348 A CN202010301348 A CN 202010301348A CN 111365507 A CN111365507 A CN 111365507A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/004—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by piezoelectric means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
- F16K1/32—Details
- F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
- F16K1/36—Valve members
- F16K1/38—Valve members of conical shape
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
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Abstract
A miniaturized high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on spring tube displacement amplification comprises: piezoelectric driving component, elasticity amplification component, dustcoat, valve body and joint of giving vent to anger. The invention utilizes the elastic amplification component to amplify the displacement of the piezoelectric driving component into the opening degree of the valve port, thereby realizing the displacement amplification function; meanwhile, the elastic amplification assembly and the valve body are welded together, so that the high-pressure dynamic sealing function is realized. The piezoelectric driving component realizes the displacement superposition of the two piezoelectric ceramics, and increases the original displacement output of the piezoelectric driving component. The piezoelectric proportional valve has the characteristics of miniaturization, light weight, long service life and high pressure resistance, and is particularly suitable for proportional flow control occasions under high pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machinery, and relates to a miniaturized high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on displacement amplification of a spring tube.
Background
The proportional valve has the advantages of continuously adjustable flow, high control precision and the like, and is widely applied to the field of high-precision fluid control (such as flow control or pressure control). The proportional valve can be divided into an electromagnetic proportional valve, a piezoelectric proportional valve, a magnetostrictive proportional valve and the like according to different driving modes, wherein the piezoelectric proportional valve becomes a research hotspot due to the advantages of low power consumption, high displacement resolution and the like.
Piezoelectric proportional valves are also increasingly being used in aerospace applications, such as propellant pressure regulation and flow control for propulsion systems. The propellant of space propulsion systems is generally stored at high pressure, requiring a piezoelectric proportional valve to be able to operate at high pressure. The piezoelectric proportional valve is used for pressure regulation of high-pressure gas, and two major problems to be solved are as follows: displacement amplification problems and high pressure external seal problems. The traditional piezoelectric proportional valve generally adopts a flexible hinge mechanism (such as a lever amplification type, a triangle amplification type, a buckling amplification type and the like) to realize displacement amplification, and simultaneously adopts a method of internally arranging an O-shaped ring, a corrugated pipe or piezoelectric ceramics to solve the external sealing problem. Patent document CN201710556861.1 discloses a small direct-drive metal-sealed piezoelectric proportional valve, which has no displacement amplification mechanism and adopts a bellows to realize external sealing; the patent document US8608127B2 discloses a piezoelectric proportional control valve, which does not adopt a displacement amplification mechanism, and adopts a piezoelectric ceramic built-in to realize high-pressure sealing; the two piezoelectric proportional valves have no displacement amplification mechanism, so that the flow regulation precision is not high. Patent document CN201610587115.4 discloses a piezoelectric proportional regulating valve suitable for high-pressure gas, which adopts a two-stage flexible hinge to realize displacement amplification, and adopts a piezoelectric ceramic to realize high-pressure sealing; A.Length et al, in 44th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint prediction Conference & inhibition, article "Miniature Valve for Xenon valves", discloses a Miniature piezoelectric Valve, which adopts a flexible hinge to realize displacement amplification and adopts a piezoelectric ceramic built-in to realize high-pressure sealing; noci et al, 30th International electric progress Conference, "Advanced fluid components for electric and cold gas progress applications: the review of status of achievements at TAS-I Florence discloses a high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve, which adopts an inner ring and outer ring lifting mode to realize displacement amplification and adopts piezoelectric ceramic built-in to realize high-voltage sealing.
The traditional piezoelectric proportional valve has the following defects: 1) the structure which adopts two parts of structures to respectively realize the displacement amplification function and the high-pressure sealing function causes larger product volume and weight, and cannot meet the requirements of a space vehicle on light weight and small volume; 2) the different types of external sealing structures have defects, such as low reliability of an O-shaped ring, limited pressure resistance of a corrugated pipe, lead sealing and redundancy existing in the built-in piezoelectric ceramics and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the miniaturized high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on the displacement amplification of the spring tube is provided, and the problems of complex structure and low sealing reliability of the existing product are solved.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a miniaturized high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on spring tube displacement amplification comprises: the piezoelectric driving component, the elastic amplifying component, the outer cover, the valve body and the air outlet joint are arranged on the outer cover;
the valve body comprises a mounting plate and a cylinder body, the mounting plate is fixedly connected with a piezoelectric driving assembly, the upper end of the cylinder body is fixedly connected with an elastic amplification assembly, the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, the air outlet hole is fixedly connected with an air outlet joint, and the air inlet hole is connected with an external high-pressure gas pipeline;
the lower end of the elastic amplification component is provided with a valve needle corresponding to the air inlet of the air outlet joint;
the piezoelectric driving component is used for driving the upper end of the elastic amplifying component to move, and the size of the ventilation sectional area of the air inlet of the air outlet joint is changed by utilizing a lever principle and the valve needle;
the outer cover and the mounting plate are fixedly connected to form a cavity structure, and the piezoelectric driving assembly is located inside the cavity structure.
The elastic magnification assembly includes: a spring tube, a valve stem;
the spring tube is a stepped shaft, a stepped through hole is formed in the spring tube, and the lower end of the spring tube is fixedly connected with the valve body; the valve rod is positioned in the cylinder body of the valve body, the upper end of the valve rod is inserted into the stepped through hole of the spring tube, and the upper end face of the valve rod is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the spring tube; the lower end of the valve rod is fixedly connected with the valve needle;
the material of the spring tube and the valve rod is 3J 1;
the upper end face of the electrically driven spring tube on the piezoelectric driving component moves relative to the lower end face of the spring tube, so that the valve rod can rotate by a rotating shaft vertical to the axis of the valve rod, and the valve needle moves towards the direction far away from the air inlet of the air outlet joint, so that the ventilation sectional area of the air inlet of the air outlet joint is increased;
after the piezoelectric driving component is powered off, under the elastic driving of the material of the spring tube, the upper end surface of the spring tube moves relative to the lower end surface of the spring tube, so that the valve rod can rotate by a rotating shaft vertical to the axis of the valve rod, and the valve needle moves towards the direction of the air inlet of the air outlet joint, so that the ventilation sectional area of the air inlet of the air outlet joint is reduced;
the structural parameters of the spring tube and the movement relation of the valve needle are as follows:
the torsion center of the spring tube is at the central point A of the thin-wall section, and the displacement magnification of the spring tube is the distance L between the valve needle and the point AVDistance L from driving point to A pointPZTThe ratio of (A) to (B) is LV/LPZT。
The piezoelectric drive assembly includes: the locking device comprises a locking screw, a bracket, a jacking sleeve, piezoelectric ceramics, a sliding block and a jacking head;
the support is fixedly connected with the mounting plate of the valve body, the sliding block is arranged in the support, the support and the sliding block respectively comprise an upper layer and a lower layer, and the sliding block can move relative to the support;
the lower layer of the bracket is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic, and the upper layer of the sliding block is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic;
the output end of the piezoelectric ceramic on the upper layer of the sliding block is fixedly connected with the top head, and the piezoelectric ceramic on the upper layer of the sliding block can independently output displacement to enable the top head to move relative to the sliding block, so that the top head drives the valve rod to move;
the piezoelectric ceramics on the lower layer of the bracket outputs displacement to enable the sliding block to move relative to the bracket, and then the sliding block drives the piezoelectric ceramics on the upper layer of the bracket and the plug to synchronously move, so that the plug drives the valve rod to move;
the locking screw is in threaded connection with a threaded through hole in the side wall of the lower layer of the support to form a threaded pair, the top sleeve is placed on the lower layer of the support, and the top sleeve can move relative to the support; the locking screw, the top sleeve and the piezoelectric ceramics positioned on the lower layer of the support are sequentially connected, the locking screw pushes the top sleeve to be linked with the piezoelectric ceramics positioned on the lower layer of the support through the thread pair, and the assembly position of the piezoelectric ceramics positioned on the lower layer of the support is changed, so that the valve needle is inserted into the air inlet of the air outlet joint to realize sealing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) the high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve adopts the spring tube to realize the displacement amplification function and the high-voltage sealing function at the same time, the miniaturization of the torque motor valve is realized, and the weight of the product is less than 50 g;
2) the high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve adopts the spring tube as a displacement amplification mechanism, the amplification factor is not less than 6, the structure is simpler, and the service life is longer.
3) The high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve adopts the spring pipe as a high-voltage sealing structure, and has stronger pressure resistance (more than or equal to 30MPa) and higher reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a two-dimensional cross-sectional view of a high-pressure piezoelectric proportional valve of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional external view of a high-pressure piezoelectric proportional valve of the present invention (housing not shown);
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a piezoelectric drive assembly of the high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a displacement amplification schematic diagram of the high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve of the invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, it is a two-dimensional cross-sectional view of the high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve of the present invention, wherein the piezoelectric driving component 1 is a device that generates displacement through piezoelectric ceramics, and is a driving force of the piezoelectric proportional valve product; the elastic amplification component 2 is used for amplifying the displacement of the piezoelectric driving component 1 into the opening degree of a valve port and realizing high-pressure dynamic sealing; the outer cover 3 is a hollow thin-wall cuboid structure and is used for providing a dustproof protection effect for the piezoelectric driving component 1; the main body structure of the valve body 4 is a hollow tube structure, and provides installation interfaces for the piezoelectric driving component 1, the elastic amplification component 2, the outer cover 3 and the air outlet joint 5, and provides a connection interface for the piezoelectric proportional valve; the air outlet joint 5 is a joint with an external thread, and comprises: the joint 51 and the gasket 52 are fitted together by interference fit and crimping to provide a sealing surface and a media outlet for the piezo proportional valve, and the gasket 52 is a cylindrical body with a through hole in the center, typically made of a hard plastic material such as polyimide or the like.
The invention relates to a miniaturized high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on spring tube displacement amplification, which comprises: the device comprises a piezoelectric driving component 1, an elastic amplifying component 2, an outer cover 3, a valve body 4 and an air outlet joint 5;
the valve body 4 comprises a mounting plate and a cylinder body, the piezoelectric driving component 1 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, the elastic amplifying component 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the cylinder body, the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, the air outlet hole is fixedly connected with an air outlet joint 5, and the air inlet hole is connected with an external high-pressure gas pipeline;
the lower end of the elastic amplification component 2 is provided with a valve needle 23 corresponding to the air inlet of the air outlet joint 5;
the piezoelectric driving component 1 is used for driving the upper end of the elastic amplifying component 2 to move, and the size of the ventilation sectional area of the air inlet of the air outlet joint 5 is changed by utilizing a lever principle and the valve needle 23;
the outer cover 3 and the mounting plate are fixedly connected to form a cavity structure, and the piezoelectric driving component 1 is located inside the cavity structure.
The elastic amplifying assembly 2 includes: a spring tube 21, a valve stem 22;
the spring tube 21 is a stepped shaft, a stepped through hole is formed in the spring tube 21, and the lower end of the spring tube 21 is fixedly connected with the valve body 4; the valve rod 22 is positioned in the cylinder body of the valve body 4, the upper end of the valve rod 22 is inserted into the stepped through hole of the spring tube 21, and the upper end surface of the valve rod 22 is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the spring tube 21; the lower end of the valve rod 22 is fixedly connected with a valve needle 23;
the material of the spring tube 21 and the valve rod 22 is 3J1, namely Ni36 CrTiAl.
The upper end face of the electrically driven spring tube 21 on the piezoelectric driving component 1 moves relative to the lower end face of the spring tube 21, so that the valve rod 22 can rotate by a rotating shaft vertical to the axis of the valve rod 22, and the valve needle 23 moves towards the direction far away from the air inlet of the air outlet joint 5, so that the ventilation sectional area of the air inlet of the air outlet joint 5 is increased;
after the piezoelectric driving component 1 is powered off, under the elastic driving of the material of the spring tube 21, the upper end surface of the spring tube 21 moves relative to the lower end surface of the spring tube 21, so that the valve rod 22 can rotate by a rotating shaft vertical to the axis of the valve rod 22, and the valve needle 23 moves towards the direction of the air inlet of the air outlet joint 5, so that the ventilation section area of the air inlet of the air outlet joint 5 is reduced;
the structural parameters of the spring tube 21 and the motion relation of the valve needle 23 are as follows:
the torsion center of the spring tube is at the central point A of the thin-wall section, and the displacement magnification of the spring tube 21 is the distance L between the valve needle 23 and the point AVDistance L from driving point to A pointPZTThe ratio of (A) to (B) is LV/LPZT。
The piezoelectric driving assembly 1 includes: the device comprises a locking screw 11, a bracket 12, a top sleeve 13, two stacked piezoelectric ceramics 14, a sliding block 15 and a top head 16; as shown in fig. 3.
The support 12 is fixedly connected with the mounting plate of the valve body 4, the sliding block 15 is arranged in the support 12, the support 12 and the sliding block 15 both comprise an upper layer and a lower layer, and the sliding block 15 can move relative to the support 12;
the lower layer of the bracket 12 is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic 14, and the upper layer of the slide block 15 is provided with the piezoelectric ceramic 14;
the output end of the piezoelectric ceramic 14 on the upper layer of the slide block 15 is fixedly connected with the top head 16, and the piezoelectric ceramic 14 on the upper layer of the slide block 15 can independently output displacement to enable the top head 16 to move relative to the slide block 15, so that the top head 16 drives the valve rod 22 to move;
the piezoelectric ceramics 14 on the lower layer of the bracket 12 outputs displacement to enable the sliding block 15 to move relative to the bracket 12, and then the sliding block 15 drives the piezoelectric ceramics 14 on the upper layer of the bracket 12 and the top head 16 to synchronously move, so that the top head 16 drives the valve rod 22 to move;
the locking screw 11 is in threaded connection with a threaded through hole in the side wall of the lower layer of the support 12 to form a threaded pair, the top sleeve 13 is placed on the lower layer of the support 12, and the top sleeve 13 can move relative to the support 12; the locking screw 11, the top sleeve 13 and the piezoelectric ceramic 14 positioned on the lower layer of the support 12 are sequentially connected, the locking screw 11 pushes the top sleeve 13 to be linked with the piezoelectric ceramic 14 positioned on the lower layer of the support 12 through a thread pair, and the assembly position of the piezoelectric ceramic 14 positioned on the lower layer of the support 12 is changed, so that the valve needle 13 is inserted into the air inlet of the air outlet joint 5 to realize sealing.
Locking screw 11 one end is outer hexagonal structure, one end is spherical structure, the centre is the external screw thread structure, support 12 is two-layer structure from top to bottom, the lower floor appearance is "worker" font structure, the upper strata is the rectangle structure, two-layer upper and lower cavity slide rail structure who opens respectively has the rectangle, four angles of lower floor "worker" font structure are opened respectively has the mounting hole, top cover 13 is square cross-section's rectangle piece, it is by the hemisphere shrinkage pool to open on the one deck square side, another layer is opened there is the square shrinkage pool, piezoceramics 14 is pile type piezoceramics. The piezoelectric ceramic 14 is a cuboid with a square section, the slide block 15 is a Z-shaped block, the inner sides of the protruding parts at the left side and the right side are both provided with square blind holes, the section of the top head 16 is of a T-shaped structure, one layer is a cuboid block with square blind holes at the side surface, and the other layer is of a semi-arc structure with a spherical bulge at the center. Except for the piezoelectric ceramic 14, the materials of the locking screw 11, the bracket 12, the top sleeve 13, the slide block 15 and the top head 16 are all stainless steel, and the brand is 316L or 1Cr18Ni9 Ti.
The air outlet joint 5 comprises: a joint 51 and a gasket 52. One end of the joint 51 is fixedly connected with a sealing gasket 52 as an air inlet of the air outlet joint 5; a circular through hole is formed in the center of the sealing gasket 52, and the outer diameter of the sealing gasket 52 is in interference fit with the inner diameter of one end of the joint 51; i.e., the blind hole position to the left of the connector 51 as shown in fig. 1. The other end of the joint 51 is used as an air outlet to be connected with an external pipeline; the outer wall of the joint 51 is fixedly connected with the air outlet hole of the valve body 4. The gasket 52 is made of a hard plastic material such as polyimide.
The range of the wall thickness of the spring tube 21 is 0.2 mm-0.3 mm, and the range of the smaller value of the outer diameter of the spring tube 21 is 2.5 mm-3.5 mm.
The valve body 4 is made of stainless steel materials such as 316L and 1Cr18Ni9 Ti.
The main body of the valve body 4 is of a hollow pipe structure, a rectangular plane extends out of one side of the upper part of the hollow pipe, four screw holes are formed in the rectangular plane and used for mounting the piezoelectric driving assembly 1, and the lower end of the hollow pipe of the valve body 4 is of an external thread structure and used as a medium inlet of the piezoelectric proportional valve; one side of the lower end of the valve body 4 is provided with a straight pipe section with internal threads for connecting with the air outlet joint 5. The valve body 4 is made of stainless steel (such as 316L and 1Cr18Ni9 Ti).
The assembly process of the piezoelectric proportional valve of the present invention is as follows, as shown in fig. 2:
1) the upper end face of the spring tube 21 is used as an assembly plane, the valve rod 22 is inserted from a center hole of the head section of the spring tube 21 until the upper end faces of the spring tube and the valve rod are flush, welding is carried out through electron beam welding, the valve needle 23 is inserted into a cylinder at the lower end of the valve rod 22, and fixing is carried out through interference fit, so that the elastic amplification assembly 2 is formed.
2) The elastic amplification assembly 2 is installed in the valve body 4 and electron beam welded to the valve body 4 at the base section of the spring tube 21.
3) One end of one piezoelectric ceramic 14 is sleeved with the top sleeve 13, the other end of the piezoelectric ceramic is sleeved on one side of the sliding block 15, one end of the other piezoelectric ceramic 14 is sleeved on the other side of the sliding block 15, and the other end of the other piezoelectric ceramic is sleeved in the square blind hole of the top head 16; the piezoelectric driving assembly 1 is formed by mounting the above-mentioned components in a hollow slide rail of a bracket 12, pushing the components to the bottom and mounting a locking screw 11 on the bracket 12. The piezoelectric drive assembly 1 is mounted on the valve body 4 and fastened by four screws.
4) The air outlet joint 5 is installed in a straight pipe section of the downstream side surface of the valve body 4 through threads, the conical part of the valve needle 13 is inserted into a central hole of the sealing gasket 51, the valve rod 22 is deformed to generate the sealing force of the piezoelectric proportional valve, and finally the air outlet joint 5 and the valve body 4 are connected together through electron beam welding.
5) The adjusting locking screw 11 pushes the top sleeve 13, the two piezoelectric ceramics 14, the slider 15 and the top head 16 to move rightwards together until the top head 16 contacts with the head section of the spring tube 21, and at this time, as an initial assembly state, the valve needle 23 just blocks the air inlet of the air outlet joint 5 to realize sealing. This completes the assembly of the piezoelectric proportional valve shown in fig. 2.
An air inlet hole of the valve body 4 is connected with an external high-pressure air pipeline, high-pressure air flows into a cavity between the valve body 4 and the valve rod 22 from the air inlet hole of the valve body 4, the upper end of the valve rod 22 is fixedly connected with the spring pipe 21, the valve rod 22 is in sealing connection with the spring pipe 21, and in an initial assembly state, the valve needle 23 blocks an air inlet of the air outlet connector 5, so that the cavity forms a high-pressure closed space.
The working principle of the piezoelectric proportional valve is as follows:
the piezoelectric driving component 1 comprises two-stage driving, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic 14 positioned on the upper layer of the sliding block 15 is used as the first-stage driving, and can independently drive the upper end of the spring tube 21 to move towards the right side shown in figure 1 to generate corresponding displacement. The piezoelectric ceramics 14 and the sliding block 15 on the upper layer and the lower layer are combined to be used as a second-stage drive, the piezoelectric ceramics 14 on the lower layer drives the sliding block 15 to be linked with the piezoelectric ceramics 14 on the upper layer, so that the upper end of the spring tube 21 moves towards the right side shown in figure 1 to generate corresponding displacement, and on the basis of the displacement, the piezoelectric ceramics 14 on the upper layer can further drive the upper end of the spring tube 21 to move towards the right side shown in figure 1 to obtain larger displacement.
When two piezoelectric ceramics 14 are simultaneously powered, the total displacement X generated by the two piezoelectric ceramicsPZTThe output from the plug 16 pushes against the head section of the spring tube 21, which produces a displacement X of the needle 23V. Due to the special structure of the spring tube 21, the elastic amplification component 2 rotates by taking the middle point of the thin-walled section of the spring tube 21 as an axis, so that displacement amplification is realized, and the amplification factor is about 6 according to the structural parameters. Because the output displacement of the piezoelectric ceramic is in direct proportion to the input voltage, when the voltage which is changed between 0 and 150V is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic, the output displacement of the plug 16 is 0 to 40 mu m, and further the flow rate proportional flow rate adjustment is realized. Deformation of the bourdon tube-stem assembly 2 as shown in FIG. 4, when the piezoelectric ceramic 14 generates a displacement XPZTThe spring tube-valve stem assembly 2 will then rotate around the rotation point a, generating a displacement X at the valve needle 23V. According to the dimensional parameters shown in FIG. 4, the displacement magnification is K ═ XV/XPZT＝LV/LPZT。
The piezoelectric proportional valve has the following characteristics:
1) displacement amplification and high-pressure sealing are realized simultaneously through the spring tube, miniaturization is realized, and the weight is less than 50 g;
2) the spring tube is used as a displacement amplification mechanism, and can realize the amplification factor not less than 6;
3) although the spring tube is of a thin-wall structure (the wall thickness is 0.2 mm-0.3 mm), the outer diameter of the thin-wall section is small (2.5 mm-3.5 mm), and the spring tube can bear the pressure of more than 20 MPa;
4) the maximum stress concentration of the spring tube in the working process of the piezoelectric valve is less than 400MPa, and the service life of the spring tube is more than 100 ten thousand times.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a miniaturized high-pressure piezoelectric proportional valve based on spring pipe displacement is enlargied which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a piezoelectric driving component (1), an elastic amplifying component (2), an outer cover (3), a valve body (4) and an air outlet joint (5);
the valve body (4) comprises a mounting plate and a cylinder body, the mounting plate is fixedly connected with the piezoelectric driving assembly (1), the upper end of the cylinder body is fixedly connected with the elastic amplifying assembly (2), the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole, the air outlet hole is fixedly connected with an air outlet joint (5), and the air inlet hole is connected with an external high-pressure gas pipeline;
the lower end of the elastic amplification component (2) is provided with a valve needle (23) corresponding to the air inlet of the air outlet joint (5);
the piezoelectric driving component (1) is used for driving the upper end of the elastic amplifying component (2) to move, and the size of the ventilation sectional area of the air inlet of the air outlet joint (5) is changed by utilizing a lever principle and the valve needle (23);
the outer cover (3) and the mounting plate are fixedly connected to form a cavity structure, and the piezoelectric driving assembly (1) is located inside the cavity structure.
2. A miniaturized high-voltage proportional piezoelectric valve based on displacement amplification of a spring tube according to claim 1, wherein the elastic amplification assembly (2) comprises: a spring tube (21) and a valve rod (22);
the spring tube (21) is a stepped shaft, a stepped through hole is formed in the spring tube (21), and the lower end of the spring tube (21) is fixedly connected with the valve body (4); the valve rod (22) is positioned in the cylinder body of the valve body (4), the upper end of the valve rod (22) is inserted into the stepped through hole of the spring tube (21), and the upper end surface of the valve rod (22) is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the spring tube (21); the lower end of the valve rod (22) is fixedly connected with a valve needle (23);
the material grades of the spring tube (21) and the valve rod (22) are 3J 1;
the upper end face of the spring tube (21) is electrically driven on the piezoelectric driving component (1) to move relative to the lower end face of the spring tube (21), so that the valve rod (22) can rotate by a rotating shaft vertical to the axis of the valve rod (22), and the valve needle (23) moves towards the direction far away from the air inlet of the air outlet joint (5), so that the ventilation sectional area of the air inlet of the air outlet joint (5) is increased;
after the piezoelectric driving component (1) is powered off, under the elastic driving of the material of the spring tube (21), the upper end surface of the spring tube (21) moves relative to the lower end surface of the spring tube (21), so that the valve rod (22) can rotate by a rotating shaft vertical to the axis of the valve rod (22), the valve needle (23) moves towards the direction of the air inlet of the air outlet joint (5), and the ventilation sectional area of the air inlet of the air outlet joint (5) is reduced;
the structural parameters of the spring tube (21) and the motion relation of the valve needle (23) are as follows:
the torsion center of the spring tube is at the central point A of the thin-wall section, and the displacement magnification of the spring tube (21) is the distance L between the valve needle (23) and the point AVDistance L from driving point to A pointPZTThe ratio of (A) to (B) is LV/LPZT。
3. A miniaturized high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on the displacement amplification of a spring tube according to claim 2, characterized in that the piezoelectric driving assembly (1) comprises: the device comprises a locking screw (11), a bracket (12), a top sleeve (13), piezoelectric ceramics (14), a sliding block (15) and a top head (16);
the support (12) is fixedly connected with the mounting plate of the valve body (4), the sliding block (15) is arranged in the support (12), the support (12) and the sliding block (15) respectively comprise an upper layer and a lower layer, and the sliding block (15) can move relative to the support (12);
the lower layer of the bracket (12) is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic (14), and the upper layer of the sliding block (15) is provided with the piezoelectric ceramic (14);
the output end of the piezoelectric ceramic (14) positioned on the upper layer of the sliding block (15) is fixedly connected with the top head (16), and the piezoelectric ceramic (14) positioned on the upper layer of the sliding block (15) can independently output displacement to enable the top head (16) to move relative to the sliding block (15), so that the top head (16) drives the valve rod (22) to move;
the piezoelectric ceramics (14) on the lower layer of the bracket (12) outputs displacement to enable the sliding block (15) to move relative to the bracket (12), and then the sliding block (15) drives the piezoelectric ceramics (14) on the upper layer of the bracket (12) and the top head (16) to synchronously move, so that the top head (16) drives the valve rod (22) to move;
the locking screw (11) is in threaded connection with a threaded through hole in the side wall of the lower layer of the support (12) to form a thread pair, the top sleeve (13) is placed on the lower layer of the support (12), and the top sleeve (13) can move relative to the support (12); the locking screw (11), the top sleeve (13) and the piezoelectric ceramic (14) located on the lower layer of the support (12) are sequentially connected, the locking screw (11) pushes the top sleeve (13) to be linked with the piezoelectric ceramic (14) located on the lower layer of the support (12) through a thread pair, the assembling position of the piezoelectric ceramic (14) located on the lower layer of the support (12) is changed, and the valve needle (13) is inserted into an air inlet of the air outlet joint (5) to achieve sealing.
4. A miniaturized high-voltage proportional piezoelectric valve based on the displacement amplification of a spring tube according to claim 3, wherein the piezoelectric ceramic (14) is a stack type piezoelectric ceramic.
5. The miniaturized high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on the displacement amplification of the spring tube as claimed in claim 3, wherein the materials of the locking screw (11), the bracket (12), the top sleeve (13), the sliding block (15) and the top head (16) are all stainless steel.
6. The miniaturized high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on the displacement amplification of the spring tube as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the air outlet joint (5) comprises: a joint (51) and a gasket (52);
one end of the joint (51) is fixedly connected with a sealing gasket (52) to be used as an air inlet of the air outlet joint (5); a circular through hole is formed in the center of the sealing gasket (52), and the outer diameter of the sealing gasket (52) is in interference fit with the inner diameter of one end of the joint (51);
the other end of the joint (51) is used as an air outlet to be connected with an external pipeline;
the outer wall of the joint (51) is fixedly connected with the air outlet hole of the valve body (4).
7. The miniaturized high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on the displacement amplification of the spring tube as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sealing gasket (52) is made of a hard plastic structure.
8. The miniature high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on the displacement amplification of the spring tube as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5 or 7, wherein the wall thickness of the spring tube (21) ranges from 0.2mm to 0.3mm, and the smaller outer diameter of the spring tube (21) ranges from 2.5mm to 3.5 mm.
9. The miniaturized high-voltage piezoelectric proportional valve based on the displacement amplification of the spring tube as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5 or 7, wherein the valve body (4) is made of stainless steel.
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