CN111365387B - Vehicle wheel side friction brake and disc type permanent magnet brake integrated device - Google Patents
Vehicle wheel side friction brake and disc type permanent magnet brake integrated device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111365387B CN111365387B CN202010217982.5A CN202010217982A CN111365387B CN 111365387 B CN111365387 B CN 111365387B CN 202010217982 A CN202010217982 A CN 202010217982A CN 111365387 B CN111365387 B CN 111365387B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
- F16D65/128—Discs; Drums for disc brakes characterised by means for cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/025—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members with two or more rotating discs at least one of them being located axially
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
- F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
- F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
- F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/02—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the asynchronous induction type
- H02K49/04—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the asynchronous induction type of the eddy-current hysteresis type
- H02K49/046—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the asynchronous induction type of the eddy-current hysteresis type with an axial airgap
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/04—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
- F15B13/044—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor operated by electrically-controlled means, e.g. solenoids, torque-motors
- F15B2013/0448—Actuation by solenoid and permanent magnet
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
- F16D2065/13—Parts or details of discs or drums
- F16D2065/1304—Structure
- F16D2065/1328—Structure internal cavities, e.g. cooling channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/02—Fluid-pressure mechanisms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/02—Fluid-pressure mechanisms
- F16D2125/023—Pumps
Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle wheel side friction brake and disc type permanent magnet brake integrated device which comprises a wheel hub, a brake caliper body and a half shaft fixedly connected with the wheel hub, wherein a permanent magnet brake disc is rotatably arranged on the half shaft, a permanent magnet assembly is fixedly arranged on the permanent magnet brake disc, a friction brake disc is also fixedly arranged on the half shaft, a copper-clad layer is arranged on the friction brake disc, the position of the copper-clad layer corresponds to the position of the permanent magnet assembly, and friction blocks used for respectively braking the friction brake disc and the permanent magnet brake disc are arranged on the brake caliper body. In the braking process of the vehicle, the two friction brakes and the permanent magnet brake of the integrated braking device work in a matching way, so that the advantages of the three brakes are fully exerted, and the braking performance of the vehicle and the heat fading resistance of the integrated braking device are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle braking, in particular to a permanent magnet retarding and friction braking integrated device in a wheel hub.
Background
The brake system is one of the important components of the automobile chassis and is directly related to the comprehensive performance and life and property safety of the automobile. Although the traditional hydraulic and pneumatic brake system can meet various requirements of the existing brake laws and regulations, the traditional hydraulic and pneumatic brake system has the defects of complex pipeline arrangement, dependence on a vacuum power assisting device, slow brake response speed, incapability of actively adjusting brake torque, difficulty in integrated control with other systems and the like, and is not suitable for development requirements of automobiles, particularly electric automobiles.
The brake-by-wire system realizes the decoupling of a brake pedal mechanism and a brake actuating mechanism, mainly comprises an electronic hydraulic brake system (EHB) and an electronic mechanical brake system (EMB), cancels the direct connection between the brake pedal mechanism and the brake actuating mechanism, takes an electric wire as an information transmission medium, and an electronic control unit identifies the brake intention according to the related sensor signal to control the brake actuating mechanism to act, thereby realizing the control of the brake force of each wheel.
When the vehicle is continuously braked for a long time, is braked at high strength or is frequently braked, the temperature of a brake disc or a brake drum can be greatly increased, so that the friction factor is reduced, the abrasion degree is increased, and the dangerous heat fading phenomenon that the braking efficiency is partially or even completely lost occurs. Although the application of an anti-lock braking system (ABS), an electronic brake force distribution system (EBD), etc. improves the stability and reliability of vehicle braking, they have little effect on the heat fading phenomenon of the brakes. At present, many countries including China clearly stipulate that vehicles with more than a certain specification must be provided with auxiliary braking devices, so that the load of a friction brake is effectively shunted, and the braking safety performance of the vehicle is improved. The permanent magnet type retarder is one of auxiliary braking devices, and has the advantages of non-contact, small volume, light weight, low magnet temperature rise, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like. However, the existing permanent magnet retarder is generally arranged behind a transmission or in front of a main speed reducer, and the problems that the existing permanent magnet retarder only acts on driving wheels, the braking torque of the driving wheels at two sides cannot be independently adjusted, space is needed for assembly, the assembly is relatively difficult, and the existing permanent magnet retarder is not suitable for high-quality integrated control with friction braking, and the like exist.
The permanent magnet retarding and friction braking integrated device in the hub combines the functions and advantages of a permanent magnet retarder and a brake-by-wire system, can be respectively installed on the inner sides of all wheels, and has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low energy consumption, convenience in installation, flexibility in control and the like. However, the integrated device of permanent magnet retarding and friction braking in the hub is not mentioned. At present, the most similar related technologies to the patent of the present invention are the invention patent with the publication number "CN 102155508B", a brake and a braking method combining permanent magnet braking and friction braking ", and the invention patent with the publication number" CN109058328B ", a vehicle wheel-side composite braking device integrating permanent magnet braking and friction braking. However, the permanent magnet brake torque provided by the brake is small, and the friction brake and the permanent magnet brake act on the same brake disc, so that the heat fading resistance is improved slightly; the permanent magnet brake assembly is positioned on the inner side of the integrated brake disc, the radius of the permanent magnet brake acting force is smaller, the generated auxiliary brake torque needs to be improved, and the permanent magnet brake torque adjusting device is more complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vehicle wheel side friction braking and disc type permanent magnet braking integrated device, which aims to solve the problems of small permanent magnet braking torque and low integration level of permanent magnet braking and friction braking.
Preferably, the friction brake disc is divided into a first friction brake disc and a second friction brake disc, the first friction brake disc and the second friction brake disc are respectively located on two sides of the permanent magnet brake disc, and one sides, close to the permanent magnet assembly, of the first friction brake disc and one sides, close to the permanent magnet assembly, of the second friction brake disc are respectively provided with the copper-clad layers. The copper-clad layer interacts with the permanent magnet assembly to cut the magnetic field lines of the permanent magnet assembly, so that an eddy current effect is generated, and finally a braking torque is generated.
Further, the brake system further comprises a hydraulic brake device, wherein the hydraulic brake device comprises a liquid storage device, an oil pump, an energy accumulator, a pressure release valve, a first oil outlet electromagnetic valve, a second oil outlet electromagnetic valve, a third oil outlet electromagnetic valve, a first oil inlet electromagnetic valve, a second oil inlet electromagnetic valve and a third oil inlet electromagnetic valve, the energy accumulator is communicated with the liquid storage device through the oil pump, the liquid storage device is further provided with a branch and communicated with the energy accumulator, the branch is provided with the pressure release valve, the liquid storage device is respectively communicated with the first oil outlet electromagnetic valve, the second oil outlet electromagnetic valve and the third oil outlet electromagnetic valve through pipelines, the energy accumulator is respectively communicated with the first oil inlet electromagnetic valve, the second oil inlet electromagnetic valve and the third oil inlet electromagnetic valve through the pipelines, the first oil outlet electromagnetic valve and the first oil inlet electromagnetic valve are in hydraulic transmission connection with a friction block for braking the first friction brake disc, the second oil outlet electromagnetic valve and the second oil inlet electromagnetic valve are in hydraulic transmission connection with a friction block for braking the permanent magnet brake disc, and the oil outlet solenoid valve III and the oil inlet solenoid valve III are in hydraulic transmission connection with a friction block for braking the second friction brake disc. The accumulator is a high-pressure accumulator, a pressure sensor is arranged on the accumulator, and when the pressure of the accumulator is lower than a set value, the oil pump works to press brake fluid in the reservoir to the accumulator. When the pressure of the energy accumulator is higher than the upper limit value, the pressure relief valve is conducted, and the brake fluid in the energy accumulator flows into the liquid accumulator to protect the system. The three oil inlet electromagnetic valves and the three oil outlet electromagnetic valves are linear control electromagnetic valves, and the larger the obtained electric signal is, the larger the opening section of the electric signal is. When the oil inlet electromagnetic valve is electrified and opened, high-pressure brake fluid in the energy accumulator enters a brake wheel cylinder of the friction block, the brake pressure of the brake wheel cylinder is increased, and the friction block is pushed to press a friction brake disc or a permanent magnet brake disc.
Preferably, the flow rates of the first oil outlet solenoid valve and the first oil inlet solenoid valve are greater than the flow rates of the third oil outlet solenoid valve and the third oil inlet solenoid valve. The oil outlet solenoid valve III and the oil inlet solenoid valve III are solenoid valves with small flow, so that the control precision of the braking pressure of the second friction brake disc can be improved, the oil outlet solenoid valve I and the oil inlet solenoid valve I are solenoid valves with large flow, so that the applying speed of the braking pressure of the friction brake disc can be improved, and the oil outlet solenoid valve II and the oil inlet solenoid valve II are also solenoid valves with large flow, so that the response speed of the fixed permanent magnet brake disc is improved.
Further, the thickness of the copper-clad layer is 1 mm. The copper-clad layer is annular.
Preferably, the permanent magnet brake disc, the first friction brake disc and the second friction brake disc are provided with a plurality of vent holes. Permanent magnetism brake disc, first friction brake disc and second friction brake disc all adopt light, high strength's alloy material to make, have alleviateed integrated device's quality, and the ventilation hole has improved integrated device's ventilation cooling effect.
Further, permanent magnet assembly is including leading magnetic pole piece, fixed bolster, magnet seat circle and a plurality of permanent magnet, the fixed bolster is the ring form, the fixed bolster is fixed on the permanent magnetism brake disc, it has inlayed in proper order to fix in the fixed bolster magnet seat circle, permanent magnet and leading magnetic pole piece, permanent magnet assembly is in permanent magnetism brake disc circumference distributes. The fixing support is in a circular ring shape and interacts with the copper-clad layer to generate braking torque. The fixed support is made of non-magnetic conductive and light alloy materials, and the fixed support is of a frame structure, so that the weight is reduced, and ventilation and heat dissipation are facilitated. The magnet seat ring is made of high-performance magnetic conductive materials, is in a circular ring shape, is embedded into the fixing support and is fixedly connected with the fixing support. The permanent magnet is a high-performance magnet, the magnetic pole pieces are made of high-performance magnetic materials, the end surface shape is consistent with that of the permanent magnet, the arrangement mode is also consistent with that of the permanent magnet, and the thickness of the permanent magnet is smaller than that of the permanent magnet. The magnetic pole piece can prevent foreign objects from directly impacting the permanent magnet during the running of the vehicle, and the service life of the permanent magnet brake assembly is prolonged. The copper-clad layer and the permanent magnet are longer in length, so that the action radius of the permanent magnet brake force is larger when the copper-clad layer cuts the magnetic induction lines, and the permanent magnet brake torque is increased.
Preferably, the polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite. The magnetic line of force return circuit of permanent magnet does: the N pole of one permanent magnet sequentially passes through the magnetic pole piece, the copper-clad layer adjacent to the friction brake disc and the adjacent magnetic pole piece to reach the S pole of the adjacent permanent magnet, and then the N pole of the adjacent permanent magnet passes through the magnet seat ring to return to the S pole of the permanent magnet.
Furthermore, in order to not influence the magnetism of the adjacent permanent magnets and improve the magnetism of the permanent magnets, a non-magnetic-conducting sheet is arranged between the two adjacent permanent magnets.
Preferably, the permanent magnet brake disc is rotatably arranged on the half shaft through a rolling bearing.
Has the advantages that: 1. the invention integrates the functions and advantages of a permanent magnet retarding mechanism and a friction braking system, and utilizes non-contact permanent magnet braking to share braking energy, thereby reducing the abrasion of the friction brake and improving the heat fading resistance of the vehicle brake;
2. the integrated brake device can jointly control the permanent magnet brake torque and the friction brake torque, fully exerts the permanent magnet retarding brake effect, and has the advantages of compact structure, convenient arrangement, suitability for high-quality integrated control and the like.
3. The integrated brake device adopts a double-disc type friction brake structure, and two friction brake discs share friction brake energy, so that the heat fading resistance of the integrated brake device is improved; meanwhile, the two friction brakes adopt complementary working characteristics, one is used for roughly adjusting the braking torque, and the other is used for finely adjusting the braking torque, so that the control precision and the response speed of the friction braking torque can be improved.
4. The permanent magnet braking torque of the integrated braking device can act on the two friction brake discs simultaneously, the braking torque generated by permanent magnet braking is increased, and the effect of the non-contact low-energy-consumption permanent magnet braking is fully exerted.
5. In the braking process of the vehicle, the two friction brakes and the permanent magnet brake of the integrated braking device work in a matching way, so that the advantages of the three brakes are fully exerted, and the braking performance of the vehicle and the heat fading resistance of the integrated braking device are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated device arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the permanent magnet brake assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the copper-clad surface of the friction brake disc of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the permanent magnet brake disc pole arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the friction brake assembly hydraulic system of the present invention.
1. A wheel; 2. an integrated device; 3. a tire; 4. a caliper body; 5. a friction block; 6. a permanent magnet assembly; 7. a first friction brake disc; 8. a half shaft; 9. a permanent magnet brake disc; 10. a second friction brake disc; 11. a hub; 12. a rolling bearing; 13. a half shaft flange; 14. a connecting bond; 15. coating a copper layer; 16. an accumulator; 17. a reservoir; 18. an oil pump; 19. a pressure sensor; 20. a pressure relief valve; 21. an oil outlet solenoid valve I; 22. an oil inlet electromagnetic valve I; 23. An oil outlet electromagnetic valve II; 24. an oil inlet electromagnetic valve II; 25. an oil outlet electromagnetic valve III; 26. an oil inlet electromagnetic valve III; 6-1, magnetic pole pieces; 6-2, permanent magnets; 6-3, a magnet seat ring; 6-4, fixing the bracket.
Detailed Description
Example one
As shown in the figure, the integrated device for friction braking and disc permanent magnet braking at the wheel rim of the vehicle comprises a wheel hub 11, a brake caliper body 4 and a half shaft 8 fixedly connected with the wheel hub 11, a permanent magnet brake disc 9 is arranged on the half shaft 8 in a rotating mode, the permanent magnet brake disc 9 is arranged on the half shaft 8 in a rotating mode through a rolling bearing 12, a permanent magnet assembly 6 is fixedly arranged on the permanent magnet brake disc 9, a friction brake disc is further fixedly arranged on the half shaft 8 and fixed on the half shaft 8 through a connecting key 14, a copper coating layer 15 is arranged on the friction brake disc, the copper coating layer 15 corresponds to the permanent magnet assembly 6 in position, and friction blocks 5 used for respectively braking the friction brake disc and the permanent magnet brake disc 9 are arranged on the brake caliper body 4. The copper-coated layer 15 and the permanent magnet assembly 6 are matched to move in a cutting magnetic field line mode, an eddy current effect is generated, braking torque is generated, the friction brake disc starts to decelerate, and the friction brake disc is fixed on the half shaft 8 and drives the half shaft 8 to decelerate, so that braking is achieved. The thickness of the copper clad layer 15 is 1 mm. The copper-clad layer 15 is annular and corresponds to the permanent magnet assembly 6 in shape. The tire 3 is fixed on the wheel hub 11, the half shaft 8 is fixedly connected with the wheel hub 11 through the half shaft flange 13, and the half shaft 8 drives the wheel hub 11 to rotate.
The friction brake disc is divided into a first friction brake disc 7 and a second friction brake disc 10, the first friction brake disc 7 and the second friction brake disc 10 are respectively positioned at two sides of the permanent magnet brake disc 9, and copper clad layers 15 are respectively arranged at one sides of the first friction brake disc 7 and the second friction brake disc 10 close to the permanent magnet assembly 6. The brake system further comprises a hydraulic brake device, the hydraulic brake device comprises a liquid storage device 17, an oil pump 18, an energy storage device 16, a pressure release valve 20, a first oil outlet electromagnetic valve 21, a second oil outlet electromagnetic valve 23, a third oil outlet electromagnetic valve 25, a first oil inlet electromagnetic valve 22, a second oil inlet electromagnetic valve 24 and a third oil inlet electromagnetic valve 26, the energy storage device 16 is communicated with the liquid storage device 17 through the oil pump 18, the liquid storage device 17 is further provided with a branch communicated with the energy storage device 16, the pressure release valve 20 is arranged on the branch, the liquid storage device 17 is respectively communicated with the first oil outlet electromagnetic valve 21, the second oil outlet electromagnetic valve 23 and the third oil outlet electromagnetic valve 25 through pipelines, the energy storage device 16 is respectively communicated with the first oil inlet electromagnetic valve 22, the second oil inlet electromagnetic valve 24 and the third oil inlet electromagnetic valve 26 through the pipelines, the first oil outlet electromagnetic valve 21 and the first oil inlet electromagnetic valve 22 are in hydraulic transmission connection with a friction block 5 for braking the first friction brake disc 7, the oil outlet electromagnetic valve II 23 and the oil inlet electromagnetic valve II 24 are in hydraulic transmission connection with a friction block 5 for braking the permanent magnet brake disc 9, and the oil outlet electromagnetic valve III 25 and the oil inlet electromagnetic valve III 26 are in hydraulic transmission connection with the friction block 5 for braking the second friction brake disc 10. The accumulator 16 is a high pressure accumulator 16, and a pressure sensor 19 is provided thereon, and when the pressure of the accumulator 16 is lower than a set value, the oil pump 18 operates to press the brake fluid in the reservoir 17 toward the accumulator 16. The accumulator 16 discharges the brake fluid into the reservoir 17 through a bypass pressure relief valve 20. The energy accumulator 16 and the liquid accumulator 17 are respectively communicated with a brake wheel cylinder of the friction block 5 for controlling the friction brake disc and the permanent magnet brake disc 9 to brake through three oil inlet electromagnetic valves and three oil outlet electromagnetic valves, brake fluid in the energy accumulator 16 enters the brake wheel cylinder, the pressure of the brake wheel cylinder is increased, and the friction block 5 is pushed to press the friction brake disc or the permanent magnet brake disc 9, so that the brake and the fixation of the permanent magnet brake disc 9 are realized. The friction brake disc and the permanent magnet brake disc 9 are controlled and braked by different friction blocks 5 respectively, and can be controlled independently. When the reservoir 17 is communicated with the brake wheel cylinders, the brake fluid can be sucked back by the suction force of the reservoir 17, and when the oil outlet electromagnetic valve is electrified and opened, the brake fluid in the corresponding brake wheel cylinders flows back to the reservoir 17 under the action of the suction force of the reservoir 17.
When braking is needed, the oil inlet electromagnetic valve is electrified, brake fluid is pressed into the brake wheel cylinder, the pressure in the brake wheel cylinder is increased, the friction block 5 presses the brake disc to brake the brake disc, when braking is not needed any more, the oil inlet electromagnetic valve is de-electrified, the oil outlet electromagnetic valve is electrified, the brake fluid flows back to the liquid storage device 17, the pressure in the brake wheel cylinder is reduced, the friction block 5 is reset, and the brake disc is not fixed by the friction block 5 any more. The flow rates of the first oil outlet electromagnetic valve 21 and the first oil inlet electromagnetic valve 22 are greater than the flow rates of the third oil outlet electromagnetic valve 25 and the third oil inlet electromagnetic valve 26. The oil outlet solenoid valve III 25 and the oil inlet solenoid valve III 26 are solenoid valves with small flow, so that the control precision of the braking pressure of the second friction brake disc 10 can be improved, the oil outlet solenoid valve I21 and the oil inlet solenoid valve I22 are solenoid valves with large flow, so that the application speed of the braking pressure of the friction brake disc can be improved, and the oil outlet solenoid valve II 23 and the oil inlet solenoid valve II 24 are also solenoid valves with large flow, so that the response speed of the fixed permanent magnet brake disc 9 is improved. And a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the permanent magnet brake disc 9, the first friction brake disc 7 and the second friction brake disc 10. Permanent magnetism brake disc 9, first friction brake disc 7 and second friction brake disc 10 all adopt light, high strength's alloy material to make, have alleviateed integrated device 2's quality, and the ventilation hole has improved integrated device 2's ventilation radiating effect.
The permanent magnet assembly 6 comprises a magnetic pole piece 6-1, a fixing support 6-4, a magnet seat ring 6-3 and a plurality of permanent magnets 6-2, the fixing support 6-4 is in a ring shape, the fixing support 6-4 is fixed on the permanent magnet brake disc 9, the magnet seat ring 6-3, the permanent magnets 6-2 and the magnetic pole piece 6-1 are sequentially embedded in the fixing support 6-4, and the permanent magnet assembly 6 is distributed on the circumference of the permanent magnet brake disc 9. The fixing support 6-4 is in a circular ring shape and interacts with the copper-clad layer 15 to generate braking torque. The fixed support 6-4 is made of non-magnetic conductive light alloy materials, and the fixed support 6-4 is of a frame structure, so that the weight is reduced, and ventilation and heat dissipation are facilitated. The magnet seat ring 6-3 is made of high-performance magnetic conductive materials, is in a circular ring shape, is embedded into the fixing support 6-4 and is fixedly connected with the fixing support 6-4. The permanent magnet 6-2 is a high-performance magnet, the magnetic pole piece 6-1 is made of high-performance magnetic materials, the end surface shape is consistent with that of the permanent magnet 6-2, the arrangement mode is also consistent with that of the permanent magnet 6-2, and the thickness is smaller than that of the permanent magnet 6-2. The magnetic guide pole pieces 6-1 can prevent foreign objects from directly impacting the permanent magnets 6-2 when the vehicle runs, and the service life of the permanent magnet brake assembly is prolonged. In order to achieve the maximum magnetic field strength, the polarities of the adjacent two permanent magnets 6-2 are opposite. The permanent magnets 6-2 are uniformly arranged in an N-S-N-S interval arrangement mode. The magnetic line of force loop of the permanent magnet 6-2 is as follows: the N pole of one permanent magnet 6-2 starts, sequentially passes through the magnetic conducting pole piece 6-1, the copper-clad layer 15 adjacent to the friction brake disc and the adjacent magnetic conducting pole piece 6-1 to reach the S pole adjacent to the permanent magnet 6-2, and then passes through the magnet seat ring 6-3 from the N pole adjacent to the permanent magnet 6-2 to return to the S pole of the permanent magnet 6-2. In order to prevent the mutual influence of the two adjacent permanent magnets 6-2 and reduce the magnetism, a non-magnetic-conducting sheet is arranged between the two adjacent permanent magnets 6-2.
The working principle is as follows: when the automobile brakes at low speed and low braking strength, the permanent magnet brake disc 9 is not fixed, the permanent magnet brake disc 9 rotates freely along with the wheel 1, and the permanent magnet brake disc and the friction brake disc do not form a permanent magnet brake torque, namely, the brake torque cannot be generated. At this time, the first friction brake disk 7 and the second friction brake disk 10 cooperate with each other according to actual needs to provide friction braking torque to realize braking deceleration and parking. When the vehicle speed and the braking strength reach a certain value, the oil inlet electromagnetic valve II 24 is electrified to control the friction block 5 to move, the permanent magnet brake disc 9 is fixed by the friction block 5, the first friction brake disc 7 and the second friction brake disc 10 rotate along with the rotation of the wheel 1, the copper coating layers 15 on the first friction brake disc 7 and the second friction brake disc 10 are matched with the permanent magnet assembly 6 to move in a cutting magnetic field, so that an eddy current effect is generated to generate a permanent magnet braking torque, the first friction brake disc 7 and the second friction brake disc 10 are decelerated, the rotation speed of the half shaft 8 is reduced, partial braking energy is shared, the abrasion of the friction brake is reduced, and the heat fading resistance of the friction brake is improved. If the permanent magnet braking torque is insufficient or the vehicle speed is reduced to a certain value, the first friction brake disc 7 and the second friction brake disc 10 are electrified by controlling the first oil inlet electromagnetic valve 22 and the third oil inlet electromagnetic valve 26, so that the friction blocks 5 are pressed to the first friction brake disc 7 and the second friction brake disc 10 to realize braking. The first friction brake disk 7 is used for coarse adjustment of the friction braking torque, and the second friction brake disk 10 is used for fine adjustment of the friction braking torque, so that the control accuracy and the response speed of the friction braking torque can be improved. In the braking process of the vehicle, the two friction brake discs and the permanent magnet brake disc 9 work in a matching way, so that the advantages of the two friction brake discs, the permanent magnet brake disc and the permanent magnet brake disc are fully exerted, and the braking performance of the vehicle and the heat fading resistance of the brake are improved.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a vehicle wheel limit friction braking and disc permanent magnetism braking integrated device which characterized in that: the brake caliper comprises a hub (11), a brake caliper body (4) and a half shaft (8) fixedly connected with the hub (11), wherein a permanent magnet brake disc (9) is rotatably arranged on the half shaft (8), a permanent magnet assembly (6) is fixedly arranged on the permanent magnet brake disc (9), a friction brake disc is also fixedly arranged on the half shaft (8), a copper-clad layer (15) is arranged on the friction brake disc, the position of the copper-clad layer (15) corresponds to the position of the permanent magnet assembly (6), and a friction block (5) for respectively braking the friction brake disc and the permanent magnet brake disc (9) is arranged on the brake caliper body (4);
the friction brake disc is divided into a first friction brake disc (7) and a second friction brake disc (10), the first friction brake disc (7) and the second friction brake disc (10) are respectively positioned on two sides of the permanent magnet brake disc (9), and copper coating layers (15) are respectively arranged on one sides, close to the permanent magnet assembly (6), of the first friction brake disc (7) and one side, close to the permanent magnet assembly (6), of the second friction brake disc (10);
the hydraulic brake device comprises a liquid storage device (17), an oil pump (18), an energy storage device (16), a pressure release valve (20), a first oil outlet electromagnetic valve (21), a second oil outlet electromagnetic valve (23), a third oil outlet electromagnetic valve (25), a first oil inlet electromagnetic valve (22), a second oil inlet electromagnetic valve (24) and a third oil inlet electromagnetic valve (26), wherein the energy storage device (16) is communicated with the liquid storage device (17) through the oil pump (18), the liquid storage device (17) is further provided with a branch communicated with the energy storage device (16), the branch is provided with the pressure release valve (20), the liquid storage device (17) is communicated with the first oil outlet electromagnetic valve (21), the second oil outlet electromagnetic valve (23) and the third oil outlet electromagnetic valve (25) through pipelines, the energy storage device (16) is communicated with the first oil inlet electromagnetic valve (22), the second oil inlet electromagnetic valve (24) and the third oil inlet electromagnetic valve (26) through the pipelines, the oil outlet solenoid valve I (21) and the oil inlet solenoid valve I (22) are in hydraulic transmission connection with a friction block (5) for braking the first friction brake disc (7), the oil outlet solenoid valve II (23) and the oil inlet solenoid valve II (24) are in hydraulic transmission connection with the friction block (5) for braking the permanent magnet brake disc (9), and the oil outlet solenoid valve III (25) and the oil inlet solenoid valve III (26) are in hydraulic transmission connection with the friction block (5) for braking the second friction brake disc (10);
the flow rates of the oil outlet solenoid valve I (21) and the oil inlet solenoid valve I (22) are greater than the flow rates of the oil outlet solenoid valve III (25) and the oil inlet solenoid valve III (26).
2. The integrated wheel-side friction brake and disc permanent magnet brake device of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the copper-clad layer (15) is 1 mm.
3. The integrated wheel-side friction brake and disc permanent magnet brake device of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the permanent magnet brake disc (9), the first friction brake disc (7) and the second friction brake disc (10).
4. The integrated wheel-side friction brake and disc permanent magnet brake device of claim 1, wherein: permanent magnet subassembly (6) are including leading magnetic pole piece (6-1), fixed bolster (6-4), magnet seat circle (6-3) and a plurality of permanent magnet (6-2), fixed bolster (6-4) are the ring form, fixed bolster (6-4) are fixed on permanent magnet brake disc (9), it has inlayed in proper order in fixed bolster (6-4) magnet seat circle (6-3), permanent magnet (6-2) and leading magnetic pole piece (6-1), permanent magnet subassembly (6) are in permanent magnet brake disc (9) circumference distributes.
5. The integrated wheel-side friction brake and disc permanent magnet brake device of claim 4, wherein: the polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets (6-2) are opposite.
6. The integrated wheel-side friction brake and disc permanent magnet brake device of claim 5, wherein: a non-magnetic-conductive sheet is arranged between two adjacent permanent magnets (6-2).
7. The integrated wheel-side friction brake and disc permanent magnet brake device of claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet brake disc (9) is rotatably arranged on the half shaft (8) through a rolling bearing (12).
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| CN202010217982.5A CN111365387B (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2020-03-25 | Vehicle wheel side friction brake and disc type permanent magnet brake integrated device |
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| CN202010217982.5A CN111365387B (en) | 2020-03-25 | 2020-03-25 | Vehicle wheel side friction brake and disc type permanent magnet brake integrated device |
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| CN111365387B true CN111365387B (en) | 2022-03-25 |
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