CN111365093B

CN111365093B - Internal combustion engine exhaust particulate matter purification device with flexibly adjustable working parameters

Info

Publication number: CN111365093B
Application number: CN202010106402.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许广举; 李铭迪; 赵洋; 胡焰彬; 王攀; 刘帅
Original assignee: Changshu Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Changshu Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2020-02-21
Filing date: 2020-02-21
Publication date: 2021-04-27
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-21
Also published as: CN111365093A

Abstract

The invention discloses an internal combustion engine exhaust particulate matter purification device with flexibly adjustable working parameters, which comprises a cylindrical body, wherein an exhaust circulation channel in a cuboid structure is arranged in the cylindrical body, a first filter pore plate and a second filter pore plate are alternately arranged in parallel in the length direction of the cuboid structure in the exhaust circulation channel, at least two edges of the first filter pore plate are fixedly connected with the cylindrical body, only the first edge of the second filter pore plate is fixedly connected with the cylindrical body through a deformation component, the first filter pore plate and the second filter pore plate are made of the same material and are provided with filter pores, and the deformation component deforms along with the rise of temperature to enable the overlapping area of the first filter pore and the second filter pore in the length direction of the cuboid structure to be changed from small to large. The invention has the advantages of flexible and adjustable flow area to adapt to different load states of the internal combustion engine and self-cleaning function.

Description

Internal combustion engine exhaust particulate matter purification device with flexibly adjustable working parameters

Technical Field

The invention relates to an exhaust particulate matter purification device of an internal combustion engine, in particular to an exhaust particulate matter purification device of an internal combustion engine with flexibly adjustable working parameters.

Background

Particulate matter is the main pollutant emission of internal-combustion engine, and particulate matter mainly has soot and ash two parts to constitute, and the soot in the present general filter equipment that adopts comes the entrapment exhaust, realizes the purification purpose through modes such as heating, burning after soot accumulation to a certain degree. Existing filter devices are adapted to capture a majority of particulate matter in the exhaust of an internal combustion engine, have a fixed gas flow area, and are designed to have a filter and trap effect over a wide range of particle sizes. The particulate trap, however, increases the exhaust backpressure of the engine and thus affects engine power performance. Since the design of the particle trap requires consideration of the trapping efficiency at low engine loads, the flow area is designed to be small, so that the exhaust back pressure is small, which forms a factor limiting the engine performance at high loads. In fact, when the engine speed and load increase, the exhaust temperature increases, and the engine performance can be more fully exhibited if the exhaust back pressure can be made smaller. In addition, ash in the exhaust cannot be removed through heating and burning, at present, a mode of cleaning after disassembly is mainly adopted, and due to professional knowledge, subjective intention and the like of a driver, an exhaust purification device cannot be cleaned or maintained timely and effectively, so that actual emission of the internal combustion engine is deteriorated, and the dynamic property and the economical efficiency of the internal combustion engine are also influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust particulate purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine, which has flexibly adjustable operating parameters, and solves the problem that the performance of the internal combustion engine cannot be affected by the back pressure generated by a particulate trap under different loads.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an internal combustion engine exhaust particulate matter purification device with flexibly adjustable working parameters comprises a cylindrical body, an exhaust circulation channel with a cuboid structure is arranged in the cylindrical body, a first filtering pore plate and a second filtering pore plate are alternately arranged in parallel along the length direction of the cuboid structure in the exhaust circulation channel, at least two edges of the first filter pore plate are fixedly connected with the cylindrical body, only the first edge of the second filter pore plate is fixedly connected with the cylindrical body through a deformation component, the first filtering pore plate and the second filtering pore plate are made of the same material, the first filtering pore plate is provided with a plurality of first filtering pores, the second filtering hole plate is provided with a plurality of second filtering holes, and the deformation component deforms along with the rise of temperature to enable the overlapping area of the first filtering holes and the second filtering holes in the length direction of the cuboid structure to be increased from small to large.

In order to enable the deformation member to move the second filter hole plate along a direction perpendicular to the first edge when deforming, preferably, the deformation member is a strip-shaped member with an isosceles trapezoid cross section, and a length direction of the deformation member is arranged along the direction of the first edge.

In order to make the second filter orifice plate can the steady movement more steadily, furtherly, the isosceles trapezoid's of the cross-section of deformation component longer base with this body coupling of cylindric, the isosceles trapezoid's of the cross-section of deformation component shorter base with the second filter orifice plate is connected, the second border of second filter orifice plate is equipped with the cross-section and is isosceles trapezoid's strip portion, the relative both sides of cylindric body are equipped with the dovetail groove, the deformation component with the strip portion sets up respectively the both sides of cylindric body the dovetail inslot.

Preferably, the first filtering holes and the second filtering holes are distributed in a matrix form.

Preferably, the diameters of the first filtering holes and the second filtering holes are the same, and the deformation member enables the second filtering hole plate to transversely move 0-0.03 mm relative to the first filtering hole plate when the ambient temperature is changed from-20 ℃ to 600 ℃.

Preferably, the first and second filter orifice plates are made of stainless steel and the deformation member is made of nitinol.

Further, in order to enable the particulate matter purification device of the present invention to be capable of clean regeneration, the particulate matter purification device of the present invention includes a high pressure air pump, an air pump check valve, a high pressure water pump and a water pump check valve, a sealing plate is disposed in the exhaust passage in front of the first filtering orifice plate and the second filtering orifice plate, the sealing plate is provided with a vent hole corresponding to the first filtering orifice of the first filtering orifice plate, a boss is disposed on the sealing plate between the vent holes, the boss is disposed toward the first filtering orifice plate, a cleaning hole channel with an opening facing the first filtering orifice plate is disposed in the boss, the high pressure air pump is communicated with the cleaning hole channel through the air pump check valve, and the high pressure water pump is communicated with the cleaning hole channel through the water pump check valve.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

through the structural design who chooses for use nickel titanium alloy material and warp the component, make first filtration hole and second filter the hole and have the overlap area of equidimension not when different exhaust temperature, realized that the flexibility of exhaust flow through area is adjustable in the particulate matter purifier, and need not to adopt electric control device control second to filter the hole and remove simple structure. The device can automatically adapt to and match with the corresponding flow area according to the particulate matter emission characteristics under the actual operation working condition of the internal combustion engine, reduces the influence of exhaust back pressure on the premise of ensuring the particulate matter filtering effect, and ensures the dynamic property and economic index of the internal combustion engine. Meanwhile, through the design of the front end sealing plate, the mode of spraying high-pressure water and high-pressure air is adopted, and on the premise of not influencing the normal work of the device, the device can remove exhaust particles attached to the inside of the device, particularly ash substances which are difficult to remove, so that the cleaning and regeneration of the particle purification device are realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust particulate matter purification device of an internal combustion engine with flexibly adjustable working parameters.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a first and a second filter aperture plate.

Fig. 3 is an overlapping schematic view of the first filtering hole and the second filtering hole.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the high pressure pump, the high pressure water pump and the sealing plate.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention thereto.

Referring to fig. 1, the internal combustion engine exhaust particulate matter purification device structure with flexibly adjustable operating parameters according to the present embodiment includes a cylindrical body 1, and the external shape structure of the cylindrical body 1 may be the same as that of the particle trap device in the prior art so as to be convenient for installation in a vehicle. An exhaust gas flow passage 2 having a rectangular parallelepiped structure is formed in the cylindrical body 1, and a seal plate 3 is provided at the foremost end of the exhaust gas flow passage 2, and exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine enters the exhaust gas flow passage 2 through the seal plate 3. The exhaust gas flow passage 2 has a rearmost end plate 4 at the rearmost end thereof, the end plate 4 being provided with an exhaust outlet 41, and the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine passing through the exhaust gas flow passage 2 is discharged from the cylindrical body 1 through the exhaust outlet 41.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a first filtering pore plate 5 and a second filtering pore plate 6 are alternately arranged in parallel along the length direction of the rectangular parallelepiped structure between the sealing plate 3 and the end plate 4. The first filter perforated plate 5 and the second filter perforated plate 6 are arranged perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas. The first filtering orifice 5 and the second filtering orifice 6 are both made of stainless steel into a rectangular shape, wherein the four sides of the first filtering orifice 5 are fixedly connected with the cylindrical body 1. The left edge of the second filtering pore plate 6 is connected with a deformation component 7, the deformation component 7 is a strip-shaped component with an isosceles trapezoid cross section, and the right edge of the second filtering pore plate 6 is formed by the second filtering pore plate 6 itself into a strip-shaped part 62 with the same structure as the deformation component 7 and the isosceles trapezoid cross section. Trapezoidal grooves 11 matching the shapes of the deformation member 7 and the strip portion 61 are provided on the inner walls of both sides of the cylindrical body 1. Wherein the deformation component 7 is fixed in the trapezoidal groove 11 at the left side of the cylindrical body 1, the longer bottom edge of the isosceles trapezoid of the section of the deformation component 7 is connected with the cylindrical body 1, and the shorter bottom edge of the isosceles trapezoid of the section of the deformation component 7 is connected with the second filtering orifice 6. The strip-shaped part 62 is arranged in the trapezoidal groove 11 at the right side of the cylindrical body 1, and is in non-fixed connection, and the longer bottom edge of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross section of the strip-shaped part 62 is towards the cylindrical body 1 and a gap is reserved between the two. The deformation component 7 is made of nickel-titanium alloy, the dosage of the nickel-titanium alloy is determined according to a data comparison table of the deformation of the material along with the temperature change, and the second filtering pore plate 6 transversely moves 0-0.03 mm in the left-right direction relative to the first filtering pore plate 5 when the environmental temperature of the deformation component 7 is changed to-20-600 ℃.

The first filtration pore 51 that distributes of matrix is seted up on the first filtration pore 5, and the second filtration pore 61 that distributes of matrix is seted up on the second filtration pore 6, and the diameter that first filtration pore 51 and second filtration pore 61 were crossed is the same. In the room temperature state (20 ℃), the first filter holes 51 and the second filter holes 61 have the smallest overlapping area in the longitudinal direction of the exhaust gas flow passage 2, that is, in the exhaust gas direction, when the straight flow area of the gas flow in the entire exhaust gas flow passage 2 is the smallest. When the ambient temperature in the exhaust gas flow passage 2 reaches 600 ℃, the deformation member 7 undergoes expansion deformation, and pushes the second filter hole plate 6 to move to the right, and the overlapping area of the first filter holes 51 and the second filter holes 61 in the exhaust gas direction increases. The process corresponds to the load of the internal combustion engine, when the internal combustion engine is just started, the exhaust temperature of the internal combustion engine is low, the particulate matter emission is highest due to insufficient combustion and the like, the overlapping area of the first filtering holes 51 and the second filtering holes 61 is small, and the particulate matter in the exhaust can be intercepted. After the rotation speed and the load of the internal combustion engine are increased, the combustion is sufficient, exhaust particles are less, the exhaust temperature is increased, the overlapping area of the first filtering holes 51 and the second filtering holes 61 is properly increased, the exhaust back pressure of the internal combustion engine is reduced, and the power performance of the internal combustion engine is favorably exerted on the premise of ensuring the emission.

Referring to fig. 4, in order to realize self-cleaning of the device, the internal combustion engine exhaust particulate matter purification device with flexibly adjustable working parameters further comprises a high-pressure air pump 8, an air pump check valve 81, a high-pressure water pump 9 and a water pump check valve 91. The seal plate 3 is provided with vent holes 31 corresponding to the positions of the first filter holes 51 of the first filter hole plate 5, and exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine is discharged from the vent holes 31 to the first filter hole plate 5. The sealing plate 3 is provided with a boss 32 between the vent holes 31, the boss 32 is arranged towards the first filter orifice plate 5, a cleaning pore passage 33 with an opening towards the first filter orifice plate 5 is arranged in the boss 32, the high-pressure air pump 8 is communicated with the cleaning pore passage 33 through an air pump one-way valve 81, and the high-pressure water pump 9 is communicated with the cleaning pore passage 33 through a water pump one-way valve 91.

When the internal combustion engine exhaust particulate matter purification device with flexibly adjustable working parameters is installed, one end of the sealing plate 3 is higher than the tail end plate 4 and is in a downward inclined state, and an included angle of 3 degrees is formed between the sealing plate and a horizontal line, so that the high-pressure water can be smoothly discharged conveniently. After the device runs for 100 hours, the internal combustion engine is started, the high-pressure water pump 9 is started, high-pressure water flow passes through the water pump one-way valve 91 and is sprayed to the first filter orifice plate 5 through the cleaning pore passage 33, exhaust particles of the internal combustion engine attached to the first filter orifice plate 5 and the second filter orifice plate 6 are cleaned, and the cleaning time is 5 min. After the cleaning is finished, the high-pressure air pump 8 is started, high-pressure air passes through the air pump one-way valve 81 and is sprayed to the first filter orifice plate 5 through the cleaning pore passage 33, exhaust particles of the internal combustion engine attached to the first filter orifice plate 5 and the second filter orifice plate 6 and water left after the high-pressure water cleaning are cleaned, and the cleaning time is also 5 min. The device can work for 3 times in a circulating way, thereby achieving the self-cleaning purpose of the device.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an internal-combustion engine exhaust particulate matter purifier of flexible adjustable working parameter, its characterized in that, includes the cylindric body, the inside of cylindric body is equipped with the exhaust circulation passageway that is the cuboid structure, follow in the exhaust circulation passageway the length direction of cuboid structure parallel in turn is equipped with first filtration orifice plate and second filtration orifice plate, the at least both sides of first filtration orifice plate with cylindric body fixed connection, the second filtration orifice plate have and only first edge through warp the component with cylindric body fixed connection, it is isosceles trapezoid's strip component to warp the component, the length direction of warping the component sets up along the direction on first edge, the longer base of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross-section of warping the component with this body coupling of cylindric, the shorter base of the isosceles trapezoid of the cross-section of warping the component with the second filters the orifice plate and is connected, the second border that the second filtered the orifice plate is equipped with the strip part that the cross-section is isosceles trapezoid, the relative both sides of cylindric body are equipped with the dovetail groove, the deformation component with the strip part sets up respectively the both sides of cylindric body the dovetail groove is interior, first filtered the orifice plate with the second filtered the orifice plate material is the same, first filtered the orifice plate is equipped with a plurality of first filtration pores, the second filtered the orifice plate is equipped with a plurality of second and filters the pore, the deformation component is out of shape along with the temperature risees and is made first filtered the pore with the second filters the pore and is in the length direction overlap area of cuboid structure is by little grow.

2. The internal combustion engine exhaust particulate matter purification device with flexibly adjustable operating parameters according to claim 1, wherein the first filter holes and the second filter holes are distributed in a matrix form.

3. The internal combustion engine exhaust particulate matter purification device with flexibly adjustable working parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameters of the first filter hole and the second filter hole are the same, and the deformation component enables the second filter hole plate to transversely move 0-0.03 mm relative to the first filter hole plate when the ambient temperature is changed from-20 ℃ to 600 ℃.

4. The internal combustion engine exhaust particulate matter purification device with flexibly adjustable operating parameters of claim 1, wherein the first filter orifice plate and the second filter orifice plate are made of stainless steel, and the deformation member is made of nitinol.

5. The internal combustion engine exhaust particulate matter purification device with flexibly adjustable working parameters according to claim 1, characterized by comprising a high-pressure air pump, an air pump check valve, a high-pressure water pump and a water pump check valve, wherein a sealing plate is arranged in the exhaust circulation channel in front of the first filter orifice plate and the second filter orifice plate, the sealing plate is provided with vent holes corresponding to the first filter orifice of the first filter orifice plate, bosses are arranged on the sealing plate between the vent holes and face the first filter orifice plate, cleaning holes with openings facing the first filter orifice plate are arranged in the bosses, the high-pressure air pump is communicated with the cleaning holes through the air pump check valve, and the high-pressure water pump is communicated with the cleaning holes through the water pump check valve.