CN111365012A - Novel heading machine and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a novel heading machine and a construction method thereof. The heading machine comprises a cutter head system, wherein the cutter head system comprises a cutter head panel, a central hole is formed in the cutter head panel, and a cutting system located at the central hole is arranged on the cutter head panel. The construction method comprises the following steps: step b: normally tunneling a stroke by the cutter head; step c: the cutting system completely cores the rocks at the central hole and transports the rocks; step d: and completing tunneling one period and entering the next period until project tunneling is completed. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the problems of small turning radius of the central hob, uneven stress of the cutter, serious eccentric wear, high replacement difficulty and the like are solved; a rope saw cutting system is additionally arranged behind the cutter head panel, so that the tunneling efficiency is greatly improved, and the reusability of rocks is guaranteed; by adopting the advanced detection system, the method is beneficial to determining the grade of the surrounding rock and the surrounding geological condition, and can effectively make reasonable tunneling schemes for rocks with different geological conditions.

Description

Novel heading machine and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to tunnel construction equipment, in particular to a novel heading machine and a construction method thereof.

Background

TBM, also known as hard rock tunnel boring machine, mainly relies on disc cutter roll extrusion rock, and then reaches the purpose of broken rock, and TBM is called engineering machine's king, and along with the continuous development of mountain tunnel, various rocks show different performance, to traditional single TBM, can't solve the rock problem of rock variety diversification far away.

Meanwhile, the center of the existing cutter head is mostly provided with a center hob, but the center hob has the problems of small turning radius, uneven cutter stress, serious eccentric wear, high replacement difficulty, high cost and the like, and in the long-distance tunnel construction, the center hob needs to be frequently replaced, so that the efficient construction of the heading machine is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a novel heading machine and a construction method thereof, which solve the problems of easy eccentric wear and large difficulty in tool changing of a hob in the center of a cutterhead, are favorable for improving the construction efficiency, can keep a whole rock structure in the center hole of the cutterhead in the normal heading process of a surrounding rock stratum with higher grade (I and II), can completely core the whole rock by using a rope saw, is convenient for recycling the whole rock in a core part, is additionally provided with an advanced detection device in the center position of the cutterhead, and adopts different treatment modes (advanced detection, advanced grouting and the like) aiming at different rock stratums.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the novel heading machine comprises a cutter head system, wherein the cutter head system comprises a cutter head panel, a central hole is formed in the cutter head panel, and a cutting system located at the central hole is arranged on the cutter head panel.

The cutter head system comprises a front hob and an edge hob, wherein the front hob and the edge hob are arranged on the cutter head panel.

The cutter head panel is a rotary cutter head.

The cutter head panel is an annular cutter head.

The cutter head panel comprises a wear-resistant composite steel plate, a wear-resistant alloy block and a surfacing wear-resistant welding wire which are connected in a welding mode.

The cutting system comprises a cutting device and a conveying device, wherein the cutting device is positioned at the central hole, and the conveying device is positioned at the rear part of the cutting device.

The cutting device is a rope saw cutting device.

The transportation device is a transportation trolley.

And an advanced detection system is arranged at the central hole.

The advanced detection system comprises an advanced detection device, and the advanced detection device performs drilling detection on rocks which form directions of 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees with a tunnel face.

The advanced detection system comprises an advanced grouting device.

A construction method of a novel heading machine comprises the following steps:

step b: normally tunneling a stroke by the cutter head;

step c: the cutting system completely cores the rocks at the central hole and transports the rocks;

step d: and completing tunneling one period and entering the next period until project tunneling is completed.

Before the step b, adopting the step a: and (5) detecting the grade of the surrounding rock in advance and judging whether advanced reinforcement is carried out or not.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the invention cancels the installation of the central hob, only keeps the installation of the cutters such as the front hob, the side hob and the like, and solves the problems of small turning radius, uneven cutter stress, serious eccentric wear, large replacement difficulty and the like of the central hob; the hole is reserved at the original central hob part, the rope saw cutting system is additionally arranged behind the cutter head panel, rock at the hole part can be selectively cut effectively, the integrity of the rock is guaranteed, the special transport trolley is mounted to effectively transport the whole rock, the tunneling efficiency is greatly improved, and the reusability of the rock is guaranteed.

2) The invention adopts advanced detection means such as advanced detection, advanced grouting and the like, is beneficial to determining the grade of the surrounding rock and the surrounding geological condition, can effectively make reasonable tunneling schemes for rocks with different geological conditions, can selectively carry out advanced grouting for rocks in a stratum with soft upper part and hard lower part and a stratum with complex geological conditions, adopts a grading excavation mode, ensures that the hole rocks fully release energy, greatly reduces the disturbance of the surrounding rock caused by excavation, reduces the replacement of hobbing cutters, and provides powerful support and guarantee for efficient tunneling.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a front view of the cutter head of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the cutterhead of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of advanced detection according to the present invention.

In the figure: 101-face hob; 102-edge hob; 103-wear-resistant composite steel plate; 104-a cutterhead panel; 201-central hole; 202-hole core; 203-an area to be excavated; 204-advanced detection means; 301-rope saw cutting device; 302-a cutting device; 401-transport cart.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the novel heading machine comprises a cutter head system, a cutting system and an advanced detection system. The cutterhead system comprises a front hob 101, an edge hob 102 and a cutterhead panel 104, wherein the front hob 101 is arranged on the front side of the cutterhead panel 104, the edge hob 102 is obliquely arranged on the edge of the cutterhead panel 104, and the two hobs roll and cut rocks. The cutterhead panel 104 is an annular rotary cutterhead and comprises a wear-resistant composite steel plate 103, a wear-resistant alloy block and a surfacing wear-resistant welding wire which are connected in a welding manner.

The central hole 201 is formed in the cutter head panel 104, so that the installation of a traditional cutter head central hob is omitted, only the installation of cutters such as a front hob and an edge hob is reserved, and the defects of the central hob are fundamentally avoided.

The cutterhead panel 104 is provided with a cutting system at the central hole 201, which includes a cutting device 302 and a transport device. The cutting device 302 is a rope saw cutting device 301 located at the central hole 201, and the transport device is a transport trolley 401 located at the rear of the cutting device 302. The rope saw cutting device is distributed at the rear part of the cutterhead panel, the rope saw cutting device can perform complete coring on rocks at the position of a central hole in the tunneling process of the tunneling machine, and the equipped transport trolley can transport and recycle the complete rocks.

As shown in fig. 3, a leading detection system is arranged at the central hole 201, the leading detection system comprises a leading detection device 204 and a leading grouting device, and the leading detection device 204 performs drilling detection on rocks which form directions of 45 °, 90 ° and 135 ° with the tunnel face. The advanced detection device can detect and judge the rock grade in advance, and provides technical support for subsequent excavation modes. For the poor grade of surrounding rock, if the grade III surrounding rock is below, the rock strength is low, the construction condition of direct excavation and excavation is not satisfied, the advanced grouting device can be used for grouting in advance at the hole position, the surrounding rock cracks are filled with grout in advance before excavation, the purposes of blocking water flow and reinforcing the surrounding rock are achieved, and the subsequent excavation and excavation are convenient for complete coring. For the stratum with better surrounding rock grade, such as I and II grade surrounding rocks, the method of directly excavating and tunneling can be adopted without advanced grouting, and rocks at the position of a central hole are reserved so as to completely core.

The construction method of the novel heading machine comprises the following steps:

step a: and (5) detecting the grade of the surrounding rock in advance and judging whether advanced reinforcement is carried out or not.

Step b: normally tunneling a stroke by the cutter head;

step c: the cutting system completely cores the rocks at the central hole and transports the rocks;

step d: and completing tunneling one period and entering the next period until project tunneling is completed.

In the step a, the advanced detection device 204 is used for carrying out drilling detection on rocks in directions of 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees with the tunnel face, then rock drilling detection data in three directions are analyzed, the size of the rock surrounding rock grade of the region 203 to be excavated is obtained, and judgment is made.

For the stratum with lower rock strength, which is poor in the grade of the measured surrounding rocks, such as the III-grade surrounding rock and below, the construction condition of direct excavation and excavation cannot be met, the advanced grouting device can be used for grouting in advance at the hole position, and the surrounding rock cracks are filled with grout in advance before excavation, so that the purposes of blocking water flow and reinforcing the surrounding rocks are achieved, and the subsequent excavation and excavation are convenient for complete coring.

For the stratum with large grade difference of the surrounding rocks and uneven hardness at three positions to be measured, whether grouting is carried out or not can be adopted according to the actual situation for tunneling, and the premise is to ensure that the disturbance of the excavation on the surrounding rocks is minimum.

For the stratum with good surrounding rock grades of three measured positions, such as I-level surrounding rock and II-level surrounding rock, advanced grouting is not needed, a direct excavation tunneling mode is adopted, rocks at the position of a central hole are reserved, then cores are completely taken, and a graded excavation mode is adopted, so that the energy of the rocks in the hole is fully released, surrounding rock disturbance caused by excavation is greatly reduced, consumption of a hob cutter is reduced, and excavation efficiency is greatly improved.

In the step b, the rock which can be excavated after the grouting is carried out on the position of the central hole and the rock which can be directly excavated without grouting can be excavated, and the excavation can be carried out in one stroke.

In the step c, after the heading machine digs a stroke, the rock reserved at the central hole can be cut by the rope saw cutting device within a stroke range according to the required size, so that the integrity and convenient reutilization of the rock are ensured. And carrying out loading and transportation on the cut complete rocks with different sizes so as to recycle the rocks with different requirements.

In the step d, the steps a to c are repeated until the project tunneling is completed.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a novel heading machine, includes the blade disc system, and the blade disc system includes blade disc panel (104), is equipped with central hole (201) on blade disc panel (104), its characterized in that: and a cutting system positioned at the central hole (201) is arranged on the cutter head panel (104).

2. The novel heading machine of claim 1, wherein: the cutter head panel (104) is a rotary cutter head.

3. A novel heading machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the cutter head panel (104) is an annular cutter head.

4. The novel heading machine of claim 1, wherein: the cutting system comprises a cutting device (302) and a conveying device, wherein the cutting device (302) is positioned at the central hole (201), and the conveying device is positioned at the rear part of the cutting device (302).

5. The novel heading machine of claim 4, wherein: the cutting device (302) is a rope saw cutting device (301).

6. The novel heading machine of claim 1, wherein: and an advanced detection system is arranged at the central hole (201).

7. The novel heading machine of claim 6, wherein: the advanced detection system comprises an advanced detection device (204), and the advanced detection device (204) performs drilling detection on rocks which form 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees with a tunnel face.

8. The novel heading machine according to claim 6 or 7, wherein: the advanced detection system comprises an advanced grouting device.

9. A construction method of a novel heading machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

step b: normally tunneling a stroke by the cutter head;

step c: the cutting system completely cores the rocks at the central hole and transports the rocks;

step d: and completing tunneling one period and entering the next period until project tunneling is completed.

10. The construction method of a novel heading machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: before the step b, adopting the step a: and (5) detecting the grade of the surrounding rock in advance and judging whether advanced reinforcement is carried out or not.

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