CN111364983B - Method for calculating exciting pressure in perforating string tripping process - Google Patents
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- CN111364983B CN111364983B CN202010276109.3A CN202010276109A CN111364983B CN 111364983 B CN111364983 B CN 111364983B CN 202010276109 A CN202010276109 A CN 202010276109A CN 111364983 B CN111364983 B CN 111364983B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/15—Correlation function computation including computation of convolution operations
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Abstract
The invention discloses an exciting pressure calculation method in the process of tripping a perforating string, which comprises the steps of firstly decomposing the perforating string, taking the perforating string with the same parameter as an independent calculation unit, and forming a plurality of independent calculation units; then calculating the exciting pressure of each independent calculation unit; and finally, summing all the exciting pressures, and calculating the maximum exciting pressure, wherein the calculated maximum exciting pressure is the maximum exciting pressure generated in the perforating string tripping process. The invention can directly and quickly calculate the exciting pressure and provide guarantee for perforation design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an exciting pressure calculation method, in particular to an exciting pressure calculation method in the process of tripping a perforating string.
Background
For oil and gas well perforation completion, activation pressure can influence perforation initiation, and the instantaneous speed of a perforating string is too high, so that engineering accidents such as drilling sticking and false perforation can be caused by the activation pressure. The fluctuation reasons of the pressure in the shaft include that the pipe column is changed from a static state to a moving state, and the fluctuation of the pressure in the shaft is caused by overcoming the static cutting force of the liquid in the shaft; the movement of the pipe column causes the momentum change of the well fluid; the fluid in the well, which moves the tubing string, in the air generates a flow opposite to the movement direction of the tubing string, so that the annular space along resistance needs to be overcome to generate the dynamic pressure in the well. Methods of calculating activation pressure include steady state activation pressure analysis, which is understood to be incompressible in a fluid, and transient pressure fluctuation analysis, which is independent of time; the latter is understood to mean that the fluid is elastic and that the pressure change is time-dependent. The exciting pressure is closely related to the clearance between the pipe column and the sleeve, and is inversely related to the smaller the clearance between the pipe column and the sleeve is, the larger the exciting pressure is. For well completion, different perforating guns are matched with different oil layer casings, of course, the larger the outer diameter of the perforating gun is, the better the perforating gun is matched with the perforating gun penetrating deep, and the better the effect of perforating penetrating the well pollution zone is, but the condition is provided for exciting pressure. The activation pressure is proportional to the length of the tubing string. The longer the string is, the greater the activation pressure. For ultra-deep well perforation completions, the deeper the depth, the longer the well string is, which is more conducive to the development of activation pressure. During drill down, the exciting pressure is in direct proportion to the flow rate of the discharged liquid, and the flow rate of the discharged liquid is in direct proportion to the instantaneous speed of drill down. Thus, the greater the instantaneous drill-down speed, the greater the activation pressure, and foreign studies have shown that the maximum theoretical instantaneous drill-down speed can reach 2.25m/s.
Calculating the exciting pressure of the perforating string needs to comprehensively consider the comprehensive influences of the size of the perforating string, the inner diameter of the casing, the length of the perforating string, the size of an oil pipe or a drill rod, the instantaneous maximum speed of drilling and the like. At present, there is an exciting pressure calculation method in the tubing string tripping process at home and abroad, but from the view of investigation data, no calculating method or calculation example of exciting pressure in the perforating string tripping process is given.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calculation method of exciting pressure in the process of tripping a perforating string, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for calculating the exciting pressure in the perforating string tripping process comprises the following steps:
step one, decomposing a perforating string, wherein the perforating string with the same parameter is used as an independent calculating unit to form a plurality of independent calculating units;
step two, calculating the exciting pressure of each independent calculation unit;
step three: and (3) summing all the exciting pressures obtained in the step two, and calculating the maximum exciting pressure, wherein the calculated maximum exciting pressure is the maximum exciting pressure generated in the perforating string tripping process.
Further, the decomposing perforation string in the first step specifically comprises: if the perforating strings have different inner diameters, decomposing the perforating strings to be used as an independent calculation unit; if the same perforating string is under different casing inner diameters, the same perforating string is decomposed to be used as a separate calculation unit.
Further, the exciting pressures of the independent calculation units are calculated in the second step as follows:
the fluid flow calculation formula of the independent calculation unit is as follows:
in which Q s Flow of fluid displaced for independent calculation of cell perforating string, m 3 S; d is the outer diameter of the motion pipe column, m; d, d i Is independent ofCalculating the inner diameter m of a perforating string of the unit; v (V) p Perforating the tubular column for an independent calculation unit, m/s;
annulus average flow rate:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the average flow rate of the annulus, m/s; q (Q) i To enter the liquid flow in the perforation string of the independent calculation unit, the liquid flow is obtained by iterative calculation, m 3 /s，D h Is the inner diameter of a shaft, m;
additional flow rate due to viscous action of fluid in wellWith velocity V of perforating string movement p Of fluid rheology, channel geometry, i.e
Turbulence state K c When=0.5, the power law fluid laminar flow, K c Acquiring by looking up a related data graph;
considering additional flow ratesAfter the impact of (2), the annulus average flow rate is corrected to:
individual unit activation pressure calculations, activation pressures, were performed as follows:
wherein Pi is activation pressure, pa; f fanning friction coefficient; rho well fluid density, kg/m 3 ，D h Is the inner diameter of a shaft, m; l is the length of the pipe column, m.
Further, in the third step, the following formula is adopted for calculation:
where n represents the number of independent calculation units.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the invention, the perforating string is refined and decomposed, the decomposed exciting pressure component is calculated by using an exciting pressure calculation formula, and finally the total maximum exciting pressure in the perforating string tripping process is calculated by summing, so that the exciting pressure calculation model in the perforating string tripping process is established in calculation when perforation detonation pressure design is carried out as a reference, exciting pressure can be directly and rapidly calculated, guarantee is provided for perforation design, and the perforating string has simple and convenient input and output and good man-machine interaction performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a well perforating string data;
figure 2 shows the maximum activation pressure for a well.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below:
the invention is based on a real perforating string, and similar strings are decomposed and combined; calculating the decomposed exciting pressure component by using an exciting pressure calculation formula; and summing to calculate the total maximum exciting pressure in the process of tripping the perforating string.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
1. decomposing the perforating string and combining the strings with the same parameters.
The perforating string is generally composed of an oil pipe or a drill pipe, a conversion joint, a screen pipe, an initiator, a perforating gun set and the like, and a packer, a testing tool and the like can be selected according to different processes. Each string should be separated separately if there are different inside diameters and exist as a single computational unit. If the same string is at a different casing inside diameter, it should be resolved as a separate calculation unit. And finally, carrying out merging calculation on the same calculation unit.
The calculation formula is as follows:
for example, P 1 Representing the exciting pressure of the oil pipe body with all lengths in the large sleeve, P 2 Representing the exciting pressure of all length tubing couplings in a large sleeve, P 3 Indicating the exciting pressure of the adapter in the casing, and analogizing the pressure, and calculating the pressure of all perforating strings.
2. Calculating activation pressure P of independent calculation unit i
The fluid flow calculation formula of the independent calculation unit is as follows:
in which Q s Flow of fluid displaced for independent calculation of cell perforating string, m 3 S; d is the outer diameter of the motion pipe column, m;the inner diameter of a perforating string, m, is calculated for an independent calculation unit; v (V) p To calculate the velocity of the cell perforating string independently, m/s.
Annulus average flow rate:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for average flow rate of annulus, m/s；Q i In order to enter the perforation string of the independent calculation unit, the liquid flow is an unknown number, and iterative calculation and m3/s are needed.
Additional flow rate due to viscous action of fluid in wellWith the movement speed V of the pipe column p Of fluid rheology, channel geometry, i.e
Turbulence state K c When=0.5, the power law fluid laminar flow, K c The relevant data map can be checked.
Considering additional flow ratesAfter the impact of (2), the annulus average flow rate is corrected to:
the fluid flow rate in the well is obtained, and the independent unit activation pressure calculation can be performed, wherein the activation pressure is as follows:
wherein Pi is activation pressure, pa; f fanning friction coefficient; rho well fluid density, kg/m 3 ，D h Is the inner diameter of a shaft, m; l is the length of the pipe column, m.
3. Summing all the exciting pressures, calculating the maximum exciting pressure
The calculation formula is shown as (1), and the calculated maximum exciting pressure is the maximum exciting pressure generated in the process of tripping the perforating string.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples:
figures 1 and 2 show that the maximum activation pressure of a certain oil and gas well calculated by the method and data show that the maximum tripping activation pressure of a perforating string of the well can reach 18.26MPa. The well is perforated with a well section 7910-7930m, the drill pipe is adopted to transmit the original well slurry perforation with perforation density of 1.95g/cm < 3 >, and the casing size is as follows: 5-1/2 ". Times.12.09 mm, steel grade TP140V,5 1/2". Times. (7450.08-7972). The inner diameter of the upper casing is 171mm, and the combination of the tubular column adopts a combination mode of a 3-1/2 "" drill rod and a 2-7/8 "" oil pipe.
Claims (1)
1. The method for calculating the exciting pressure in the perforating string tripping process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, decomposing a perforating string, wherein the perforating string with the same parameter is used as an independent calculating unit to form a plurality of independent calculating units; if the perforating strings have different inner diameters, decomposing the perforating strings to be used as an independent calculation unit; if the same perforating string is under different casing inner diameters, decomposing the perforating string to be used as an independent calculation unit;
step two, calculating the exciting pressure of each independent calculation unit; the method comprises the following steps:
the fluid flow calculation formula of the independent calculation unit is as follows:
in which Q s Flow of fluid displaced for independent calculation of cell perforating string, m 3 S; d is the outer diameter of the motion pipe column, m; d, d i The inner diameter of a perforating string, m, is calculated for an independent calculation unit; v (V) p Perforating the tubular column for an independent calculation unit, m/s;
annulus average flow rate:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the average flow rate of the annulus, m/s; q (Q) i To enter the liquid flow in the perforation string of the independent calculation unit, the liquid flow is obtained by iterative calculation, m 3 /s，D h Is the inner diameter of a shaft, m;
additional flow rate due to viscous action of fluid in wellWith velocity V of perforating string movement p Of fluid rheology, channel geometry, i.e
Turbulence state K c When=0.5, the power law fluid laminar flow, K c Acquiring by looking up a related data graph;
considering additional flow ratesAfter the impact of (2), the annulus average flow rate is corrected to:
individual unit activation pressure calculations, activation pressures, were performed as follows:
wherein Pi is activation pressure, pa; f fanning friction coefficient; rho well fluid density, kg/m 3 ，D h Is the inner diameter of a shaft, m; l is the length of the pipe column, m;
step three: summing all the exciting pressures obtained in the second step, and calculating the maximum exciting pressure, wherein the calculated maximum exciting pressure is the maximum exciting pressure generated in the perforating string tripping process;
the calculation is specifically carried out by adopting the following formula:
where n represents the number of independent calculation units.
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1292495A (en) * | 1999-03-04 | 2001-04-25 | 施卢默格控股有限公司 | Method for defining equivanlent static mud density by using downhole pressure measured value in course of connection |
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2020
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| BRPI0604095A (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-10-30 | Juan Guadalupe Arrieta | drilling rig applicable in pressure and explosion hazard installations |
| CN103089253A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-05-08 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method using wavelet transformation to calculate formation pore pressure |
| CN103246791A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-08-14 | 山东理工大学 | Computing method of circumferential stress of annular sandwich valve plates of vibration absorber under non-uniform pressure |
| CN105715220A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-06-29 | 长江大学 | Drilling pressure control system |
| CN106014387A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Bottom hole pressure real-time prediction and control method |
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