CN111362571A - Optical fiber, optical fiber preform and method of manufacturing - Google Patents
Optical fiber, optical fiber preform and method of manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN111362571A CN111362571A CN201911393650.6A CN201911393650A CN111362571A CN 111362571 A CN111362571 A CN 111362571A CN 201911393650 A CN201911393650 A CN 201911393650A CN 111362571 A CN111362571 A CN 111362571A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01205—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01211—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber, an optical fiber perform rod and a manufacturing method, wherein the optical fiber perform rod comprises: the mandrel component comprises a tail handle and a mandrel which are coaxially connected in sequence, wherein a ball body is fixedly arranged on the tail handle, and the center of the ball body is positioned on the axis of the tail handle and the axis of the mandrel; the inner sleeve assembly comprises an inner sleeve sleeved outside the mandrel assembly, the upper end of the inner sleeve is a first conical flaring, and the ball body is erected on the first conical flaring; the outer sleeve assembly comprises an outer sleeve which is sleeved on the outer side of the inner sleeve assembly, the upper end of the outer sleeve is a second conical flaring, and the first conical flaring is attached to the inner side of the second conical flaring. The coaxiality of the core rod of the optical fiber preform rod, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber manufacturing, in particular to an optical fiber, an optical fiber preform rod and a manufacturing method.
Background
With the vigorous push of the country to 5G communication, the demand for optical fiber cables is increasing, especially for special optical fibers with complex cross-section structures. As an optical fiber preform for manufacturing optical fiber raw materials, the preform in the field of optical communication is mostly manufactured and stacked by adopting a vapor deposition method at present, and complicated sections need to be deposited one by one. At present, an optical fiber preform is mainly manufactured in two parts, namely core rod manufacturing and outer cladding manufacturing. The main processes for manufacturing the core rod mainly use VAD (axial vapor deposition), OVD (outside vapor deposition), MCVD (modified chemical vapor deposition) and PCVD (plasma chemical vapor deposition), and the outer cladding manufacturing process mainly comprises OVD (outside vapor deposition) and a sleeve method. In order to further improve the production efficiency and reduce the cost of the preform, the jacketing method is considered to be the best choice with low investment cost, short production cycle and full utilization of the existing equipment.
The main purpose of the sleeve method is to process a cladding on a formed core rod, i.e. to draw a wire after sleeving a pipe on the formed core rod. However, in the prior art, the coaxiality of the core rod and the cladding of the preform rod formed by the sleeve method is low, and the production efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a first object of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber preform having a core rod with a higher degree of coaxiality with an inner jacket tube and an outer jacket tube, and a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the optical fiber preform and an optical fiber drawn using the optical fiber preform.
In order to achieve the first object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an optical fiber preform comprising:
the mandrel component comprises a tail handle and a mandrel which are coaxially connected in sequence, wherein a ball body is fixedly arranged on the tail handle, and the center of the ball body is positioned on the axis of the tail handle and the axis of the mandrel;
the inner sleeve assembly comprises an inner sleeve sleeved outside the mandrel assembly, the upper end of the inner sleeve is a first conical flaring, and the ball body is erected on the first conical flaring;
the outer sleeve assembly comprises an outer sleeve which is sleeved on the outer side of the inner sleeve assembly, the upper end of the outer sleeve is a second conical flaring, and the first conical flaring is attached to the inner side of the second conical flaring.
Preferably, in the optical fiber preform, the tail handle includes an extension handle and a ball handle coaxially connected in sequence, one end of the extension handle is fixedly connected to the core rod, the other end of the extension handle is fixedly connected to one end of the ball handle, and the ball is located on the ball handle;
the outer surface of the extension handle is a frosted surface.
Preferably, in the optical fiber preform, the inner sleeve includes an inner auxiliary tube and an inner sleeve body coaxially connected in sequence, and the first conical flare is an upper end of the inner auxiliary tube.
Preferably, in the optical fiber preform, the outer sleeve includes an outer auxiliary tube, an extension tube and an outer sleeve body which are coaxially connected in sequence, and the second conical flaring is an upper end of the outer auxiliary tube;
the outer surface of the extension pipe is a frosted surface.
Preferably, the optical fiber preform further comprises a tail tube, and one end of the tail tube is fixedly connected with the end part with the larger diameter of the second conical flaring.
Preferably, in the optical fiber preform, the inner sleeve is provided with an exhaust through hole, the sphere is provided with an exhaust groove, and the exhaust groove extends from a position below a contact position of the sphere and the first conical flaring to a position above a contact position of the sphere and the first conical flaring.
Preferably, in the optical fiber preform, the number of the exhaust through holes and the number of the exhaust grooves are both plural.
A method of fabricating an optical fibre preform as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:
manufacturing a core rod, and coaxially welding the formed core rod and the tail handle to form a core rod assembly;
inserting the mandrel component into an inner sleeve of the inner sleeve component, and erecting a ball body on the tail handle on the first conical flaring;
and inserting the inner sleeve assembly into the outer sleeve assembly, and attaching the first conical flaring to the inner side of the second conical flaring.
A method for fabricating an optical fiber preform as described above, comprising the steps of: the step of manufacturing the core rod comprises the following steps of, after the formed core rod and the tail handle are coaxially welded to form the core rod assembly:
pickling the mandrel assembly and the inner sleeve assembly;
the step of inserting the inner sleeve assembly into the outer sleeve assembly and before the step of attaching the first conically flared end to the inner side of the second conically flared end further comprises the steps of:
pickling the outer sleeve assembly.
An optical fiber formed by drawing the optical fiber preform of any of the above.
In the optical fiber preform rod provided by the invention, the upper end of the inner sleeve is provided with the first conical flaring, and the axis of the first conical flaring is coaxial with the axis of the inner sleeve. After the ball body is erected on the first conical flaring, the tail handle and the core rod naturally droop under the action of gravity, so that the inner sleeve and the core rod assembly are in a coaxial state after being assembled. The center of the ball body is positioned on the axis of the first conical flaring and the axis of the inner sleeve, so that the coaxiality of the inner sleeve assembly and the mandrel assembly is ensured. The upper end of the outer sleeve is a second conical flaring, and the first conical flaring is attached to the inner side of the second conical flaring so that the first conical flaring and the second conical flaring are coaxial, and the coaxiality of the inner sleeve assembly and the outer sleeve assembly is further ensured. So, guaranteed the axiality of core rod subassembly, interior sleeve pipe subassembly and outer tube subassembly, compared with prior art, the axiality improves greatly.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing an optical fiber preform and an optical fiber drawn using the optical fiber preform of any one of the above. Therefore, the manufacturing method of the optical fiber preform and the optical fiber should have corresponding technical effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an optical fiber preform provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an inner cannula assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the refractive index of an optical fiber structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In FIGS. 1-2:
the device comprises a 1 a-ball handle, a 1 b-ball body, a 1 c-extension handle, a 1 d-core rod, a 2-inner sleeve assembly, a 2 a-first conical flaring, a 2 b-inner auxiliary pipe, a 2 c-inner sleeve body, a 2 d-exhaust through hole, a 3 a-second conical flaring, a 3 b-outer auxiliary pipe, a 3 c-extension pipe, a 3 d-outer sleeve body and a 4-wire drawing tail pipe.
Detailed Description
A first object of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber preform having a core rod more coaxial with an inner jacket tube and an outer jacket tube, and a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the optical fiber preform and an optical fiber drawn using the optical fiber preform.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left" and "right", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the positions or elements referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and be operated, and thus are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the optical fiber preform according to the present invention includes a core rod assembly, an inner jacket tube assembly 2, and an outer jacket tube assembly. The mandrel component comprises a tail handle and a mandrel 1d which are coaxially connected in sequence, namely, one end part of the tail handle is fixedly connected with one end part of the mandrel 1d, and the tail handle and the mandrel 1d are coaxially arranged. The core rod 1d is used as the core layer of the optical fiber preform rod and participates in optical fiber molding. The tail handle is also fixedly provided with a ball body 1b, and the center of the ball body 1b is positioned on the axis of the tail handle and the core rod 1 d. The sphere center of the sphere 1b is positioned on the axis of the tail handle and the core rod 1d, the sphere 1b is fixed on the tail handle, and the sphere 1b, the tail handle and the core rod 1d are coaxially arranged. The sphere 1b may be a round sphere or an oval sphere, and is not limited herein.
The inner sleeve component 2 comprises an inner sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the mandrel component, and the inner sleeve is sleeved on the outer sides of the tail handle and the mandrel 1 d. The upper end of the inner sleeve is provided with a first conical flaring 2a, and the axis of the first conical flaring 2a is coaxial with the axis of the inner sleeve. The ball body 1b is arranged on the first conical flaring 2a, and after the ball body 1b is arranged on the first conical flaring 2a, the tail handle and the core rod 1d naturally droop under the action of gravity. The center of the ball 1b is positioned on the axis of the first conical flaring 2a and the axis of the inner sleeve, so that the coaxiality of the inner sleeve assembly 2 and the mandrel assembly is ensured.
The outer sleeve component comprises an outer sleeve sleeved outside the inner sleeve component 2, the upper end of the outer sleeve is a second conical flaring 3a, and the first conical flaring 2a is attached to the inner side of the second conical flaring 3 a. The axis of the second conical flare 3a is coaxial with the axis of the outer sleeve. The first conical flaring 2a is attached to the inner side of the second conical flaring 3a, so that the first conical flaring 2a and the second conical flaring 3a are coaxial, and the coaxiality of the inner sleeve component 2 and the outer sleeve component is further ensured.
In the optical fiber preform rod provided by the invention, the upper end of the inner sleeve is provided with the first conical flaring 2a, and the axis of the first conical flaring 2a is coaxial with the axis of the inner sleeve. After the sphere 1b is erected on the first conical flaring 2a, the tail handle and the core rod 1d naturally droop under the action of gravity, so that the inner sleeve and the core rod assembly are in a coaxial state after being assembled. The center of the ball 1b is positioned on the axis of the first conical flaring 2a and the axis of the inner sleeve, so that the coaxiality of the inner sleeve assembly 2 and the mandrel assembly is ensured. The upper end of the outer sleeve is provided with a second conical flaring 3a, and the first conical flaring 2a is attached to the inner side of the second conical flaring 3a, so that the first conical flaring 2a and the second conical flaring 3a are coaxial, and the coaxiality of the inner sleeve component 2 and the outer sleeve component is further ensured. So, guaranteed the axiality of core rod subassembly, interior sleeve pipe subassembly 2 and outer tube subassembly, compared with prior art, the axiality improves greatly.
In addition, the problem of single section of the optical fiber preform can be solved by adopting a double-sleeve method of the inner sleeve component 2 and the outer sleeve component. The optical fiber perform provided by the invention is drawn on line, the melt-shrinkage forming is integrally realized, the process processing forming is reduced, the period for preparing the optical fiber perform is shortened, the processing difficulty is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
In order to facilitate the recycling of the sphere 1b, the tail handle comprises an extension handle 1c and a sphere handle 1a which are coaxially connected in sequence, one end of the extension handle 1c is fixedly connected with the core rod 1d, and the other end of the extension handle 1c is fixedly connected with one end of the sphere handle 1 a. The ball 1b is fixed to the grip 1 a. With the arrangement, after the optical fiber preform is drawn, the extension handle 1c can be cut off so as to recycle the ball handle 1a and the ball body 1b thereon. The extension shank 1c and the ball shank 1a may be welded together, but the tail shank may be a one-piece structure, which is not limited herein.
The outer surface of the extension handle 1c is a frosted surface. The extension handle 1c is used for connecting the ball handle 1a and the core rod 1d, and the outer surface of the extension handle 1c is in a frosted state, so that the heat dissipation effect of the core rod assembly is considered, the top of the sleeve assembly is prevented from gathering large heat, the sealing effect is further prevented from being influenced, and the service life of the part is prolonged.
In another embodiment, the inner sleeve comprises an inner auxiliary tube 2b and an inner sleeve body 2c, which are coaxially connected in sequence. That is, one end of the inner auxiliary tube 2b is fixedly connected to one end of the inner tube body 2c, and the inner auxiliary tube 2b and the inner tube body 2c are coaxially provided. The first conical flaring 2a is the upper end of an inner auxiliary tube 2b, and the inner auxiliary tube 2b is positioned on the upper side of the inner sleeve. So set up, optical fiber perform wire drawing finishes the back, can cut down interior auxiliary tube 2b to in the reuse of interior auxiliary tube 2 b. The inner auxiliary tube 2b and the inner sleeve body 2c may be welded together.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the outer sleeve includes an outer auxiliary tube 3b, an extension tube 3c and an outer sleeve body 3d coaxially connected in sequence, one end of the extension tube 3c is fixedly connected with the outer auxiliary tube 3b, the other end of the extension tube 3c is fixedly connected with the outer sleeve body 3d, and the outer auxiliary tube 3b, the extension tube 3c and the outer sleeve body 3d are coaxially arranged. The second conical flare 3a is the upper end of the outer auxiliary tube 3 b. Namely, the outer auxiliary tube 3b, the extension tube 3c and the outer sleeve body 3d are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The extension tube 3c and the outer auxiliary tube 3b and the outer sleeve body 3d may be welded to each other.
Wherein, extension pipe 3c can be used to the wire drawing tail phase and advance stove transition wire drawing, steady transition air current. The outer surface of the extension pipe 3c is a frosted surface, and the main heat dissipation effect of the outer sleeve component is taken into consideration, so that the fusion and deformation of a fluororubber sealing part to influence the airtight effect due to the large heat accumulation at the top of the wire drawing tail pipe 4 are prevented.
Further, in order to fix the optical fiber preform during drawing, the optical fiber preform further comprises a tail pipe 4, and one end of the tail pipe 4 is fixedly connected with the end part with the larger diameter of the second conical flaring 3 a. When the drawing is carried out in this way, the drawing tail pipe 4 is clamped on the drawing chuck and bears the weight of the whole optical fiber perform. In addition, the top of the tail pipe 4 is also used for being connected with a vacuumizing part in a sealing way to extract air in the optical fiber preform.
The inner sleeve body 2c is used as an optical cladding outside the optical fiber preform core layer, and the outer sleeve body 3d is used as an optical fiber preform cladding and participates in optical fiber molding.
In order to exhaust the gas in the optical fiber preform during the drawing process, the inner sleeve is provided with an exhaust through hole 2d, the ball 1b is provided with an exhaust groove, and the exhaust groove extends from the lower part of the contact position of the ball 1b and the first conical flaring 2a to the upper part of the contact position of the ball 1b and the first conical flaring 2 a. So set up, gas between interior sleeve pipe subassembly 2 and the mandrel subassembly and gas between outer sleeve pipe subassembly and the interior sleeve pipe subassembly 2 all can arrange to the space between spheroid 1b and the first toper flaring 2a through the exhaust through-hole 2d on the interior sleeve pipe, and then gas is arranged in order to discharge optical fiber perform above spheroid 1b through the exhaust duct. It should be noted here that the venting through-holes 2d are located in the inner jacket tube close to the first countersink 2 a.
The size of the exhaust through hole 2d may be 3mm wide and 10-15 mm long.
When the inner sleeve comprises an inner auxiliary tube 2b and an inner sleeve body 2c which are coaxially connected in sequence, the exhaust through holes 2d are located at the position of the inner auxiliary tube 2b close to the first conical flaring 2 a.
Preferably, in order to increase the exhaust rate, the number of the exhaust through holes 2d and the exhaust grooves may be each plural. The plurality of vent through holes 2d may be uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner sleeve, and the plurality of vent grooves may be uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the ball 1b, which is not limited herein. Specifically, the number of the exhaust through holes 2d and the exhaust grooves may be three to four each.
Based on the optical fiber preform, the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the optical fiber preform, which comprises the following steps:
s1, manufacturing a mandrel 1d, and coaxially welding the formed mandrel 1d and a tail handle to form a mandrel component;
the core rod 1d may be formed by VAD (axial vapor deposition), MCVD (modified chemical vapor deposition) or PCVD (plasma chemical vapor deposition). And the two ends of the core rod 1d are tapered by adopting an oxyhydrogen flame lathe to form a conical head shape.
The formed core rod 1d and the tail handle are coaxially welded to form a core rod assembly, and the formed core rod 1d and the tail handle which are tested to confirm that the parameters such as the section geometry are qualified are coaxially welded to form the core rod assembly.
When the tail shank includes the extension shank 1c and the ball shank 1a, a core rod 1d, which is formed and has been tested to confirm that the parameters such as the sectional geometry are acceptable, is coaxially welded to one end of the extension shank 1 c. And then the other end of the extension handle 1c is coaxially welded with the ball handle 1a, and the final curvature of the welded mandrel component is controlled within 0.5 mm/m.
In the above embodiment, the outer diameter OD2 of the extension handle 1c may be equal to the outer diameter OD1 of the mandrel 1d, or the outer diameter OD2 of the extension handle 1c may be larger than the outer diameter OD1 of the mandrel 1d and smaller than the inner diameter ID5 of the inner sleeve, and the outer diameter OD2 of the extension handle 1c ranges from OD1 to (ID5-1) mm, otherwise the assembly of the mandrel assembly and the inner sleeve assembly 2 is affected, and the mandrel 1d is easily clamped due to the self-curvature of the mandrel 1d or abnormal welding of the inner sleeve assembly 2.
The surface of the extension handle 1c is a frosted surface for partial heat dissipation of the mandrel assembly while preventing strong light from being completely conducted to the top of the sleeve member through the mandrel assembly.
S2, inserting the mandrel component into the inner sleeve of the inner sleeve component 2, and erecting the ball 1b on the tail handle on the first conical flaring 2 a;
when the step is operated specifically, an inner sleeve meeting the requirements is selected firstly, and the selection and matching are carried out specifically according to the refractive index and the requirements of the optical fiber profile. It should be noted that, according to the different types of the optical fibers, a plurality of inner sleeves can be produced in advance, and during specific production, only the inner sleeve meeting the requirements needs to be selected, and then the mandrel assembly is inserted into the inner sleeve of the inner sleeve assembly 2, and the ball 1b on the tail handle is erected on the first conical flaring 2 a.
The inner sleeve inner diameter ID5 range is (OD1+1.0) - (OD1+2.0) mm, the inner sleeve outer diameter is determined according to the optical fiber section requirement, and the variable range is large.
When the inner sleeve includes the inner auxiliary tube 2b and the inner sleeve body 2c, the inner auxiliary tube 2b should be equal to the inner and outer diameters of the inner sleeve. Firstly, one end of the inner auxiliary tube 2b is melted and flared to a conical shape by utilizing an oxyhydrogen flame lathe and a graphite poking rod with a cone to form a first conical flaring 2 a. The outer diameter of the first conical flare 2a is in the range of (ID7+3) to (ID6-2) mm between the inner diameter ID7 of the extension pipe 3c and the inner diameter ID6 of the tail pipe 4. The inner auxiliary tube 2b is welded to the inner tube body 2c by an oxyhydrogen flame lathe.
And S3, inserting the inner sleeve assembly 2 into the outer sleeve assembly, and attaching the first conical flaring 2a to the inner side of the second conical flaring 3 a.
Specifically, an outer tube of an appropriate size may be selected according to the core-to-core ratio, and the outer tube inner diameter ID8 ranges from (OD5+1.0) to (OD5+2.0) mm. OD5 is the inner sleeve outside diameter. It should be noted that, the execution order of S2 and S3 may be interchanged, that is, S3 is executed first, and then S2 is executed, which is not limited herein.
When the outer sleeve comprises an outer auxiliary tube 3b, an extension tube 3c and an outer sleeve body 3d which are coaxially connected in sequence, one end of the outer sleeve body 3d is tapered by adopting an oxyhydrogen flame lathe to form a cone. The other end of the outer sleeve body 3d is welded with an extension tube 3c by using an oxyhydrogen flame lathe, and the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the extension tube 3c are equal to those of the outer sleeve body 3 d. The other end of the extension pipe 3c is welded with the outer auxiliary pipe 3b by using an oxyhydrogen flame lathe, the other end of the outer auxiliary pipe 3b is welded with the tail pipe 4 by using the oxyhydrogen flame lathe, the inner diameter ID6 range of the tail pipe 4 is (ID7+6) - (ID7+8), and the wall thickness of the tail pipe 4 is 8-12 mm.
Further, in a preferred embodiment, step S1 is followed by the steps of:
s11: pickling the mandrel assembly and the inner sleeve assembly 2;
the mandrel component is treated by hydrofluoric acid in pickling equipment, metal impurity particles possibly stained on the surface are removed by corrosion, and after corrosion neutralization treatment, the mandrel component is air-dried in drying equipment for later use.
The inner sleeve component 2 is treated by hydrofluoric acid in pickling equipment to remove metal impurity particles possibly stained on the surface, and is dried in drying equipment for later use after being corroded and neutralized.
The step S3 is preceded by the steps of:
s30, pickling the outer sleeve assembly.
The outer sleeve component is treated by hydrofluoric acid in pickling equipment to remove metal impurity particles possibly stained on the surface, and is dried in drying equipment for later use after being corroded and neutralized.
Two specific embodiments are described below:
in a first embodiment, an optical fiber preform comprises an outer jacket tube assembly, an inner jacket tube assembly 2 and a core rod assembly. In this embodiment four core rods are produced using Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD). Both profile parameters and materials can be considered as being indistinguishable. The inner sleeve assemblies 2 of the four groups of samples have no material difference, the outer sleeve assemblies of the four groups of samples have no material difference, the geometric sizes of the four groups of samples are screened and identified in the same batch, and only the geometric sizes have small difference. Four groups of samples are all subjected to the optical fiber preform integrated drawing process provided by the invention to obtain optical fiber samples, and the following table is a parameter table of important geometric participation of optical fibers and tube and rod gap
The pipe diameter difference between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is ID8-OD5, and the pipe diameter difference between the core rod 1d and the inner sleeve is ID5-OD 1.
The above embodiment illustrates that the total tube diameter difference (ID8-OD5) + (ID5-OD1) between the inner and outer tubes is controlled within 4mm, and the concentricity of the core package of the produced optical fiber can be controlled within 0.64 μm of the standard value. In order to ensure the concentricity of the core and the bag to be less than 0.5 μm, the diameter difference of the single pipe is required to be less than 2.0mm, and the diameter difference of the total pipe is preferably controlled within 3.5 mm.
Example two, the average outer diameter of a core rod 1d manufactured by an MCVD process in this example was 18.5mm, and the length was 1200 mm. Are divided into 2 core rods 1d by oxyhydrogen flame breaking: core rod a and core rod B. According to design requirements, two cladding layers, namely a shallow-recessed cladding layer and a pure quartz cladding layer are required to be added outside the core rod.
Two identical fluorine-doped pipes produced by PCVD are used as the inner sleeve body to realize the shallow fluorine-doped cladding. The inner sleeve body inner diameter ID5 is 20mm, the outer diameter OD5 is 30mm, and the length L5 is 800 mm. The fluorine-doped thickness is 3 mm. Two pure silicon outer sleeves made of the same material are adopted, the inner diameter IDA8 of the outer sleeve body A is 40.3mm, the outer diameter ODA8 is 30mm, and the length LA8 is 800 mm. The inner diameter IDB8 of the outer sleeve body B is 41mm, the outer diameter ODB8 is 31mm, and the length LB8 is 800 mm. The cross-sectional area of the outer sleeve body A, B is comparable and has no effect on the final molded fiber design. And the pipe diameter difference between the outer sleeve body and the inner part of the adjacent pipe is 1mm, and the core-cladding concentricity of the optical fiber produced theoretically has no difference.
In the first route, a conventional melting and shrinking mode is adopted, and after a core rod and a shallow fluorine-doped inner sleeve are melted and shrunk into a whole, the core rod and the outer sleeve are drawn by matching a single sleeve. And the second route adopts the double-sleeve mode for drawing the wire. Both routes produce standard g.654 optical fiber.
And (3) adopting an oxyhydrogen flame lathe to perform melt-shrinkage molding on the core rod A and the inner sleeve body A, then sequentially welding the extension handle 1c and the ball handle 1a to match with the outer sleeve A assembly, performing acid-washing drying treatment on the components, and then assembling and drawing wires.
And (3) preparing the core rod, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve assembly in sequence, and assembling and drawing after all the assemblies are subjected to acid cleaning and drying.
The mean attenuation of the drawn fiber is as follows
The assembly preparation system is characterized by comprising the steps of core rod preparation, inner sleeve and outer sleeve selection, welding and acid duration.
The assembly time statistics are the duration of the process of assembling the parts into the composite quartz piece before drawing.
| Route of road | Component preparation (h) | Assembly time (h) | The total length of the preceding step (h) |
| Core rod A | 25.0 | 0.1 | 25.1 |
| Core rod B | 17.0 | 0.2 | 17.2 |
The above examples illustrate that the attenuation is lower in the double-cannula drawing than in the matching cannula drawing after the inner cannula is melted and shrunk. The double sleeves are integrally fused in the tubes, and the pollution brought in the processing process cannot be absolutely avoided in the step-by-step forming process. The heat field in the furnace is uniformly distributed, flame lathes such as oxyhydrogen flame and the like cannot achieve the same effect, the single-side melting degree of pipe fitting melting shrinkage is different, and the geometry and the gas line generation are easily influenced.
The present invention also provides an optical fiber formed by drawing the optical fiber preform according to any one of the above embodiments, based on the optical fiber preform provided in the above embodiments. The optical fiber is drawn from the optical fiber preform of any one of the above embodiments, and therefore, the advantageous effects of the optical fiber are described with reference to the above embodiments.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the refractive index of the optical fiber structure. In the cross section of the optical fiber, the core rod, the inner sleeve body 2c and the outer sleeve body 3d correspond to the core layer, the shallow doped fluorine layer and the outer cladding layer respectively, and the optical fiber preform is melted and formed in a drawing furnace and is drawn to the final optical fiber. The core layer has a radius extending outward from the center of the core layer by a distance R1 and is formed by a mandrel; the shallow fluorine-doped layer is a part of the outward distance R2-R1 at the boundary R1 of the core layer and is formed by the inner sleeve body 2 c; the outer cladding is a portion of the boundary R2 of the lightly doped layer that is outwardly spaced from R3-R2 and is formed by the outer sleeve body 3 d.
When the optical fiber perform is drawn, the clean and dry inner and outer sleeve components are assembled, so that the pipe fittings are prevented from being scraped mutually in the assembling process, and the strength of subsequent optical fiber products is influenced. The assembly is completed with the first flare 2a on the inner sleeve assembly 2 falling onto the second flare 3a on the outer sleeve assembly. Assemble the core rod assembly with the inner and outer sleeve assembly, transfer the clean and dry core rod assembly into the inner and outer sleeve assembly, avoid mutual scraping of pipe fittings during the assembly process, influence the strength of subsequent optical fiber products, and erect the sphere 1b on the first conical flaring 2a to finally form an optical fiber perform.
And (3) clamping the optical fiber preform rod formed by assembling on a chuck of a drawing tower, wherein the clamping part of a chuck jaw is a drawing tail pipe 4. The inner sleeve component 2 and the core rod component in the optical fiber perform rod are vertical to each other due to self gravity factors and keep concentric with the outer sleeve component. And (3) the optical fiber preform enters a wire drawing furnace, the temperature is slowly increased to 2000 ℃, after the stub bar falls down, the vacuum pump is started, the outer sleeve body 3d, the inner sleeve body 2c and the core rod are melted at a high temperature, and the inner sleeve body is contracted into a whole due to the negative pressure state in the tube, and finally wire drawing forming is carried out. At the same time, the air in the inner jacket tube assembly 2 is drawn out through the vent slots. The air in the gap between the inner sleeve component 2 and the outer sleeve component is pumped out through the exhaust through hole 2d and the exhaust groove in sequence, so that air lines and bubbles are prevented from being generated on the interface in the melting process.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Claims (10)
1. An optical fiber preform comprising:
the mandrel component comprises a tail handle and a mandrel (1d) which are coaxially connected in sequence, wherein a ball body (1b) is fixedly arranged on the tail handle, and the center of the ball body (1b) is positioned on the axis of the tail handle and the mandrel (1 d);
the inner sleeve assembly (2) comprises an inner sleeve sleeved outside the mandrel assembly, the upper end of the inner sleeve is a first conical flaring (2a), and the ball body (1b) is erected on the first conical flaring (2 a);
the outer sleeve component comprises an outer sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the inner sleeve component (2), the upper end of the outer sleeve is a second conical flaring (3a), and the first conical flaring (2a) is attached to the inner side of the second conical flaring (3 a).
2. The preform of claim 1, wherein the tail handle comprises an elongated handle (1c) and a spherical handle (1a) coaxially connected in sequence, one end of the elongated handle (1c) is fixedly connected with the core rod (1d) and the other end is fixedly connected with one end of the spherical handle (1a), and the sphere (1b) is located on the spherical handle (1 a);
the outer surface of the extension handle (1c) is a frosted surface.
3. The preform of claim 1, characterised in that the inner jacket tube comprises an inner auxiliary tube (2b) and an inner jacket tube body (2c) coaxially connected in sequence, the first countersink (2a) being the upper end of the inner auxiliary tube (2 b).
4. The preform of claim 1, wherein the outer jacket tube comprises an outer auxiliary tube (3b), an extension tube (3c) and an outer jacket tube body (3d) coaxially connected in sequence, the second conical flare (3a) being an upper end of the outer auxiliary tube (3 b);
the outer surface of the extension pipe (3c) is a frosted surface.
5. The preform of claim 4, further comprising a tail tube (4), wherein one end of the tail tube (4) is fixedly connected to the larger diameter end of the second conical flare (3 a).
6. The optical fiber preform of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the inner tube has a vent hole (2d) formed therein, and the sphere (1b) has a vent groove formed therein, and the vent groove extends from below a contact position of the sphere (1b) and the first countersink (2a) to above a contact position of the sphere (1b) and the first countersink (2 a).
7. The optical fiber preform of claim 6, wherein the number of the venting through-holes (2d) and the venting grooves is plural.
8. A method of manufacturing an optical fiber preform according to any of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
manufacturing a core rod (1d), and coaxially welding the formed core rod (1d) and a tail handle to form a core rod assembly;
inserting the mandrel component into an inner sleeve of the inner sleeve component (2), and erecting a ball body (1b) on the tail handle on the first conical flaring (2 a);
the inner sleeve component (2) is inserted into the outer sleeve component, and the first conical flaring (2a) is attached to the inner side of the second conical flaring (3 a).
9. A method of fabricating an optical fiber preform according to claim 8, comprising the steps of: the step is to manufacture the core rod (1d), and the step also comprises the following steps after the formed core rod (1d) and the tail handle are coaxially welded to form the core rod assembly:
pickling the mandrel assembly and the inner sleeve assembly (2);
the step also comprises the following steps before the inner sleeve component (2) is inserted into the outer sleeve component and the first conical flaring (2a) is attached to the inner side of the second conical flaring (3 a):
pickling the outer sleeve assembly.
10. An optical fiber formed by drawing the optical fiber preform of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN201911393650.6A CN111362571A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Optical fiber, optical fiber preform and method of manufacturing |
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| CN201911393650.6A CN111362571A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Optical fiber, optical fiber preform and method of manufacturing |
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| CN115286233A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-04 | 富通集团有限公司 | Method and equipment for processing prefabricated rod |
| CN118270977A (en) * | 2024-05-31 | 2024-07-02 | 江苏亨通光纤科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of high-quality panda type polarization maintaining optical fiber |
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