CN111362446A - Drinking water purification device and method - Google Patents
Drinking water purification device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111362446A CN111362446A CN202010367159.2A CN202010367159A CN111362446A CN 111362446 A CN111362446 A CN 111362446A CN 202010367159 A CN202010367159 A CN 202010367159A CN 111362446 A CN111362446 A CN 111362446A
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- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 287
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 221
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid group Chemical group C(CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC(=O)O)(=O)O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a drinking water purification device and an implementation method thereof, wherein the device comprises: the first-stage filtering system is used for effectively pretreating and removing particles, colloids, heavy metals, organic matters and the like in inlet water by using the functional nanofiber membrane filter element as a pretreatment process, and then the produced water directly enters the second-stage filtering system through a water inlet of the second-stage filtering system and is cleaned through physical washing and positive diffusion chemical cleaning, so that the membrane pollution control and the reutilization of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element are realized; and the second-stage filtering system further deeply purifies and sterilizes the inlet water pretreated by the first-stage filtering system by using the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core as a core separation process to obtain final drinking water, and the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core is cleaned by physical washing and positive diffusion chemical cleaning to realize membrane pollution control and reutilization of the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drinking water purification, in particular to a small-sized drinking water purification device and method suitable for household use.
Background
With the improvement of the quality of life, household small drinking water purification equipment is installed in more and more families nowadays. Most households are initially provided with small drinking water purification devices for safer and healthier drinking water.
The filter element is the most important component of the household small-sized drinking water purifying equipment, and the quality of the filter element directly determines the water outlet quality and the service life of the water purifying equipment. The water purification process of the small drinking water purification equipment in the current market is a multi-stage filter element process: (1) pretreatment, (2) membrane separation main process, and (3) post-treatment. The pretreatment aims to remove substances in inlet water which cause degradation or pollution of a membrane system of a membrane separation main process, reduce membrane pollution (scaling, blockage and the like) and ensure long-term and stable operation of the membrane process system. The combination of the PP cotton filter element and the activated carbon filter element (front activated carbon) is a common pretreatment process mode, and the PP cotton is used as a pretreatment process of the activated carbon filter element; the main membrane separation process is to use selectively permeable membranes, such as UF, NF and RO membranes, as media, and to use the pressure difference between the two sides of the membranes to trap particles, colloids, organic matters, even harmful ions, etc., so as to realize deep purification of drinking water. UF membrane, NF membrane and RO membrane filter core can be used as membrane separation main process independently; the post-treatment process is mostly an activated carbon process, can be realized by a conventional single activated carbon filter element (post-activated carbon), and can improve the taste of the drinking water by further adsorbing peculiar smell in the water and even supplementing beneficial mineral substances, such as calcium and magnesium ions.
At present, the great 4~5 grades of filter core technologies that are mostly of market share among the domestic water purification unit, 4 grades of technologies are mostly: PP cotton, front activated carbon, a UF membrane and rear activated carbon, and the 5-stage process is mostly as follows: the filter element comprises PP cotton, granular activated carbon, sintered activated carbon, an NF membrane/RO membrane and post-positioned activated carbon, wherein the granular activated carbon and the sintered activated carbon also belong to pre-positioned activated carbon, and the requirement of the NF membrane/RO membrane filter element on the quality of inlet water is higher than that of UF membrane, so that the granular activated carbon and the sintered activated carbon are required to be used together as the pre-positioned activated carbon to realize better pretreatment effect. Because the NF membrane/RO membrane filter element has the effect of removing calcium and magnesium ions, and the produced water is close to pure water, the rear active carbon can further remove the peculiar smell in the water and improve the taste. And the post-positioned active carbon of the conventional UF membrane further ensures the water outlet safety of the water purifier.
However, due to the problems of the process and the filter element of the household small-sized drinking water purifying equipment, users are restricted by professions in the aspects of selection, use, maintenance and the like of the water purifying equipment, and the phenomenon of microbial secondary pollution of the outlet water of the household small-sized drinking water purifying equipment is very common. In the 90 s of the 20 th century, foreign secondary pollution research on household small-sized drinking water purification equipment found that the proportion of the concentration of microorganisms in water produced by the water purification equipment to the concentration of microorganisms in tap water in the same residence was as high as 64%. The bacterial pollution of household small-sized drinking water purification equipment has potential risk factors causing diseases, on one hand, the production and manufacturing thresholds of the water purifiers are low, domestic large-scale water purifier production enterprises generally adopt outsourcing accessories for modification/assembly production, and filter element consumables such as activated carbon, NF/RO membranes and the like are uneven, so that the quality of the whole water purification equipment is worried; the other reason is that most water purifier manufacturers lack awareness of the active execution standards.
The unqualified cause analysis is carried out on the hygiene detection data of 307 domestic and imported small household drinking water purifying devices of different types according to the safety of products related to the environment and health of the Chinese disease control center, and the result shows that: (1) the reject ratio of the filter element containing granular activated carbon in the household small-sized drinking water purification equipment is the highest and reaches 18.5 percent, and the imported like products are similar to domestic products and reach 17.5 percent; (2) the reason that the domestic small-sized drinking water purifying equipment containing the RO membrane filter element is unqualified is mainly that the microorganism soaking test is unqualified. The conclusion shows that the active carbon filter element and the NF/RO membrane filter element are important factors influencing the process safety of the water treatment filter element of the household small drinking water purification equipment and also become key factors restricting the overall sanitation and safety of the household water purifier.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a drinking water purification device and a drinking water purification method, and the purpose of effectively removing chromaticity, smell, particles, microorganisms and harmful ions in water and ensuring the safety of drinking water is realized by adopting a 2-stage filtration process.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a drinking water purifying apparatus, comprising:
the first-stage filtration system effectively pretreats and removes particles, colloids, heavy metals, organic matters and the like in inlet water by using the functional nanofiber membrane filter element as a pretreatment process, and then the produced water directly enters the second-stage filtration system through a water inlet of the second-stage filtration system and is cleaned through positive diffusion chemical cleaning, so that membrane pollution control and recycling of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element are realized;
and the second-stage filtering system further deeply purifies and sterilizes the inlet water pretreated by the first-stage filtering system by using the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core as a core separation process to obtain final drinking water, and the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core is cleaned by positive diffusion chemical cleaning to realize membrane pollution control and reutilization of the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core.
Preferably, first order filtration system includes function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly (1), its built-in function nanofiber membrane element (14), function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly (1) side lower extreme sets up water inlet (11), and the side upper end sets up produces mouth of a river (12), and positive upper end sets up dense mouth of a river (13), and the running water gets into under its own pressurized drive function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly (1) side lower extreme water inlet (11), the income gets into behind function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly (1), upwards carry out effective preliminary treatment through function micro ultrafiltration membrane element (14) and get rid of the back, and the water of output is sent into to second order filtration system through last side end product mouth of a river (12), and the chemical cleaning medicament dosing tank (3) of function nanofiber membrane filter core passes through the inlet channel, and the chemical cleaning medicament in it is gone into via function nanofiber membrane filter core chemical cleaning medicament dosing pump (31) pump function nanofiber membrane filter core The component (1), the concentrated water and the chemical cleaning wastewater are directly discharged outside through a concentrated water port (13) at the right upper end.
Preferably, the functional nanofiber membrane elements (14) are made by rolling different numbers of membrane bags made of functional nanofiber membrane sheets.
Preferably, the concentrated water port (13) at the right upper end is provided with a concentrated water valve, the concentrated water valve is closed when the water production process is operated, the water production valve is closed when physical flushing and forward diffusion chemical cleaning are carried out, the concentrated water valve is opened, and concentrated water and chemical cleaning wastewater are directly discharged.
Preferably, the chemical cleaning agent in the chemical cleaning agent dosing box for the functional nanofiber membrane filter element is one of citric acid or acetic acid.
Preferably, the concentration of the chemical cleaning agent in the chemical cleaning agent dosing box for the functional nanofiber membrane filter element is 0.1-3.0 wt.%.
Preferably, the second-stage filtering system comprises a functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly (2) and a built-in functional ultrafiltration membrane element (24), wherein a water inlet (21) is arranged at the lower end of the side of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly (2), a water producing port (22) is arranged at the upper end of the side, a concentrated water port (23) is arranged at the upper end of the side, the water inlet (21) at the lower end of the side of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly (2) is directly connected with the water producing port (12) at the upper end of the side of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly (1), water from the water producing port (12) at the upper end of the side of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly (1) enters the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly (2) through the water inlet (21) at the lower end of the side of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly (2), the pretreated water is further deeply purified and sterilized through the functional ultrafiltration membrane element (24), and finally the, the chemical cleaning agent dosing box (4) of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element passes through the water inlet pipeline, the chemical cleaning agent of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element in the chemical cleaning agent dosing box is pumped into the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly (2) through the chemical cleaning agent dosing metering pump (41) of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element, and concentrated water and chemical cleaning wastewater directly enter the concentrated water port (23) at the right upper end and are discharged outside.
Preferably, the functional ultrafiltration membrane element is prepared from PVDF charged functional hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane filaments.
Preferably, the functional nanofiber membrane element (14) and the functional ultrafiltration membrane element (24) are detachable and replaceable.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for implementing a potable water purification apparatus, comprising the steps of:
step S1, the first stage filtering system effectively pretreats and removes particles, colloid, heavy metal, organic matters and the like in the inlet water by using the functional nano-fiber membrane filter element as a pretreatment process, the produced water directly enters the inlet water of the second stage filtering system and enters the second stage filtering system, and the first stage filtering system also regularly cleans the functional nano-fiber filter element by positive diffusion chemical cleaning so as to realize membrane pollution control and reutilization of the filter element;
and step S2, the second-stage filtering system further deeply purifies and sterilizes the inlet water pretreated by the first-stage filtering system by using the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core as a core separation process to finally obtain high-quality drinking water, and the first-stage filtering system also cleans the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core through positive diffusion chemical cleaning to realize membrane pollution control and reutilization of the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core.
Compared with the prior art, the drinking water purification device and the implementation method thereof pre-remove colloids, particles, natural organic matters and the like in the inlet water of the charged functional ultrafiltration membrane by utilizing the nanofiber structure, high flux and narrow pore diameter (1-5 mu m) of the functional nanofiber membrane and the antibacterial groups loaded by the nanofibers, pre-treat harmful heavy metal ions adsorbed in the inlet water, further deeply purify and sterilize the pre-treated inlet water by utilizing the effective membrane pore diameter of 10-30 nm and the charged negative electric groups on the membrane surface and in the membrane pores through the charged functional ultrafiltration membrane, and finally obtain high-quality drinking water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a drinking water purifying apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of steps of a method for implementing the drinking water purification device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and capabilities of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure by describing the embodiments of the present invention with specific embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modification in various other respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a drinking water purification device according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, a drinking water purifying apparatus according to the present invention includes:
first order filtration system 10, through utilizing function nanofiber membrane filter core as pretreatment process, utilize the nanofiber structure of function nanofiber membrane piece, high flux, narrow aperture (1 ~5 mu m) and nanofiber load's antibacterial group to carry out effective preliminary treatment to particulate matter in the intaking, colloid, heavy metal, organic matter etc. and get rid of the back, the water of output directly gets into second order filtration system 20's intaking gets into second order filtration system 20 to wash through physics, positive diffusion chemical cleaning washs the function nanofiber filter core, realize the membrane pollution control and the reuse of filter core.
Specifically, the first stage filtration system 10 includes: functional nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly 1, its built-in functional nanofiber membrane element 14, functional nanofiber membrane element is rolled up by the membrane bag of the different quantity of functional nanofiber membrane preparation and is formed, functional nanofiber membrane refers to the PVDF nanofiber membrane that has high flux, adsorbs heavy metal, bacteriostatic ability, and it has the function of PP cotton + leading active carbon in traditional 4 or 5 grades concurrently, functional nanofiber membrane's nanofiber structure, high flux, narrow aperture (1 ~5 mu m) and nanofiber load's antibacterial group carry out effective preliminary treatment to particulate matter, colloid, heavy metal, organic matter etc. in the intake and get rid of to the charged group of nanofiber load on functional nanofiber membrane element surface has the effect of disinfecting, bacteriostasis, can play certain control to the microorganism that domestic small-size drinking water purification equipment system intake, the lower end of the side of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element component 1 is provided with a water inlet 11, the upper end of the side is provided with a water producing port 12, the right upper end of the side is provided with a concentrated water port 13, the water producing port 12 at the upper end of the side is directly connected with a water inlet of a functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element component of the second-stage filtration system 20, tap water enters the water inlet 11 at the lower end of the side of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element component 1 under the driving of the tap water with self pressure, the inlet water enters the functional nanofiber membrane filter element component 1 and then passes through the functional micro ultrafiltration membrane element 14 upwards, particles, colloids, heavy metals, organic matters and the like in the inlet water are effectively pretreated and removed by utilizing a nanofiber structure, a high flux, a narrow pore diameter (1-5 mu m) and bacteriostatic groups loaded by nanofibers of the functional nanofiber membrane, the produced water is sent to the second-stage filtration system 20 through the water producing port 12 at the upper end, and the, specifically, the chemical cleaning agent dosing tank 3 of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element pumps the chemical cleaning agent dosing pump 31 into the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly 1 through the water inlet pipe and the chemical cleaning agent via the functional nanofiber membrane filter element chemical cleaning agent dosing pump, concentrated water and chemical cleaning wastewater directly enter an external discharge pipeline through a concentrated water port 13 at the right upper end, and the concentrated water port 13 at the right upper end is provided with a concentrated water valve. In the specific embodiment of the invention, the water inlet pressure of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element is recommended to be 0-0.05 MPa, the pressure of concentrated water discharging and flushing water inlet is recommended to be 0-0.05 MPa, the water inlet pressure can be set according to the actual water yield requirement, and the pressure of tap water can be defaulted to be the own pressure. When the water production process is operated, the concentrated water valve is closed, and when physical flushing and forward diffusion chemical cleaning are carried out, the concentrated water valve is opened, the water production valve is closed, and concentrated water and chemical cleaning wastewater are directly discharged. In the invention, the control of each valve (such as a water production valve and a concentrated water valve, preferably, the water inlet can also be provided with a water inlet valve) can be controlled by the own program of the equipment, and can also be controlled by a controller according to the actual water use requirement.
In the invention, the first stage filtration system 10 adopts a forward diffusion chemical cleaning system to realize the membrane pollution control and the reutilization of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element, the forward diffusion chemical cleaning system comprises a physical forward flushing and functional nanofiber membrane filter element chemical cleaning agent dosing system, and the two systems are connected in series and operated in a linkage manner. The positive diffusion chemical cleaning refers to physical positive flushing, meanwhile, a set chemical agent is added into positive flushing inlet water, the inlet water containing the chemical cleaning agent is adopted to instantaneously and quickly flush the functional nanofiber membrane elements 14, physical positive flushing refers to instantaneous and quick flushing of water in a water inlet tank to the functional nanofiber membrane elements 14, wastewater is directly discharged, and the physical positive flushing is a pure physical process; the functional nanofiber membrane filter core chemical cleaning agent dosing system is formed by connecting a functional nanofiber membrane filter core chemical cleaning agent dosing tank 3 and a functional nanofiber membrane filter core chemical cleaning agent dosing metering pump 31 in series, the functional nanofiber membrane filter core chemical cleaning agent dosing tank 3 is connected to a water inlet pipeline through the functional nanofiber membrane filter core chemical cleaning agent dosing metering pump 31, namely the functional nanofiber membrane filter core chemical cleaning agent is pumped into the water inlet pipeline through the dosing metering pump, in the specific embodiment of the invention, the chemical cleaning agent in the functional nanofiber membrane filter core chemical cleaning agent dosing tank is citric acid or acetic acid, and the concentration is 0.1-3.0 wt.%.
That is to say, the positive diffusion chemical cleaning system of the first stage filtration system 10 is composed of a water inlet, a dosing tank 3 for a chemical cleaning agent for a functional nanofiber membrane cartridge, and a dosing pump 31 for the chemical cleaning agent for the functional nanofiber membrane cartridge is connected in series by four parts, and operates in linkage, wherein the chemical cleaning agent for the functional nanofiber membrane cartridge is composed of the dosing tank 3 for the chemical cleaning agent for the functional nanofiber membrane cartridge, and the dosing pump 31 for the chemical cleaning agent for the functional nanofiber membrane cartridge is connected in series by a tap water pressure, and is used for entering the functional nanofiber membrane cartridge through a side lower end water inlet 11, and the chemical cleaning agent is conventional acetic acid or citric acid with certain concentration and easy availability and food grade, and the cleaning principle is to find chemical reaction with alkaline substances on the surface of the membrane cartridge, clean pollutants on the surface of the membrane, recover the performance of the membrane cartridge, and discharge. Wherein, the water produced by the physical washing and the positive diffusion chemical cleaning processes are not consumed. In one embodiment of the present invention, the interval between positive diffusion chemical cleans is recommended to be 6-72 hrs.
It can be seen that, in the first stage filtration system 10, the physical flushing system has no water inlet pump, the forward diffusion chemical cleaning system and the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly share a water inlet, the water inlet driving force is the self-pressure of tap water, chemical cleaning agents are added into the forward diffusion chemical cleaning system, the water enters the functional nanofiber membrane filter element filtration system after passing through the functional nanofiber membrane element, and finally the water is discharged from the concentrated/waste water outlet at the right upper end of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly. The water production of the functional nanofiber membrane filter core is not consumed in the physical washing and forward diffusion chemical cleaning processes.
The second-stage filtration system 20 further deeply purifies and sterilizes the inlet water pretreated by the first-stage filtration system 10 by using the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter element with the charged function as a core separation process and using the effective membrane aperture of 10-30 nm and the negatively charged radicals on the membrane surface and in the membrane aperture to finally obtain high-quality drinking water, and the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter element is cleaned by physical washing and positive diffusion chemical cleaning to realize membrane pollution control and reutilization of the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter element.
Specifically, the second-stage filtration system 20 further comprises a functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly 2, a functional ultrafiltration membrane element 24 is arranged in the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly, the functional ultrafiltration membrane element is prepared from a PVDF charged functional hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane filament, the functional ultrafiltration membrane can remove particles, colloids and partial organic matters and can reduce the pH value of the effluent while ensuring the stable turbidity of the effluent, a water inlet 21 is arranged at the lower end of the side of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly 2, a water outlet 22 is arranged at the upper end of the side, a concentrate outlet 23 is arranged at the upper end of the side, the water inlet 21 at the lower end of the side of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly 2 is directly connected with the water outlet 12 at the upper end of the side of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly 1, and the water from the water outlet 12 at the upper end of the side of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly 1 enters the functional ultrafiltration membrane, upwards passes through a functional ultrafiltration membrane element 24, the effective membrane aperture of the functional ultrafiltration membrane element is 10-30 nm, the negatively charged radicals on the membrane surface and in the membrane hole further deeply purify and sterilize the pretreated inlet water, and finally high-quality drinking water is produced through a side upper end arranged water outlet 22, in addition, the negatively charged radicals on the surface of the functional ultrafiltration membrane element also have the effects of sterilization and bacteriostasis and can play a certain role in controlling microorganisms in the inlet water of a household small drinking water purification equipment system, a chemical cleaning agent dosing box 4 of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element is pumped into the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly through a functional nanofiber membrane upper side end water outlet 12 and a water inlet pipeline of a side lower end water inlet 21 of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element 2, the chemical cleaning agent of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element is pumped into the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly through a functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element chemical cleaning agent dosing pump 41, and concentrated water and chemical cleaning wastewater directly enter an external, concentrated water and chemical cleaning wastewater directly enter an external discharge pipeline through a concentrated water port 23 at the right upper end, and a concentrated water valve is arranged at the concentrated water port 23 at the right upper end. In the specific embodiment of the invention, the water inlet pressure of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element is recommended to be 0-0.25 MPa, the concentrated water discharging and flushing water inlet pressure is recommended to be 0-0.25 MPa, and the water inlet pressure can be set according to the actual water yield requirement and can also be defaulted to be the self pressure of tap water. When the water production process is operated, the concentrated water valve is closed, and when physical flushing and forward diffusion chemical cleaning are carried out, the concentrated water valve is opened, the water production valve is closed, and concentrated water and chemical cleaning wastewater are directly discharged.
In the present invention, the second stage filtration system 20 also employs a forward diffusion chemical cleaning system to realize membrane pollution control and recycling of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter, the forward diffusion chemical cleaning system includes a physical forward flushing and a functional ultrafiltration membrane filter chemical cleaning agent dosing system, and the two systems are connected in series and operated in linkage. The positive diffusion chemical cleaning refers to physical positive flushing, meanwhile, a set chemical agent is added into positive flushing inlet water, the inlet water containing the chemical cleaning agent is adopted to instantaneously and quickly flush towards the functional ultrafiltration membrane element 24, physical positive flushing refers to instantaneous and quick flushing of water in a water inlet tank to the functional ultrafiltration membrane element 24, wastewater is directly discharged, and the physical positive flushing is a pure physical process; the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element chemical cleaning agent dosing system is formed by connecting a functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element chemical cleaning agent dosing tank 4 and a functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element chemical cleaning agent dosing metering pump 41 in series, the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element chemical cleaning agent dosing tank 4 is connected with a water inlet pipeline through the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element chemical cleaning agent dosing metering pump 41, namely the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element chemical cleaning agent is pumped into a functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element component 2 through the dosing metering pump in the water inlet pipeline, in the specific embodiment of the invention, the chemical cleaning agent in the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element chemical cleaning agent dosing tank is citric acid or acetic acid, and the concentration is 0.1-3.0 wt.%.
That is to say, the positive diffusion chemical cleaning system of second grade filtration system 20 is by intaking (function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly 1 side upper end is produced the water outlet and is gone out), function milipore filter core chemical cleaning medicament dosing tank 4 is through the pressure that has certainly of function nanofiber membrane water production, function milipore filter core chemical cleaning medicament adds the series connection of four parts of medicine measuring pump 41, linkage operation, wash the cleaning medicament by chemical cleaning medicament dosing tank 4, chemical cleaning medicament adds medicine measuring pump 41, get into function milipore filter core subassembly through lower extreme water inlet 21, chemical cleaning waste water is by the dense mouth 23 discharge of just upper end. Wherein, the water produced by the physical washing and the positive diffusion chemical cleaning processes are not consumed. In one embodiment of the present invention, the interval between positive diffusion chemical cleans is recommended to be 6-72 hrs.
It can be seen that, in the second stage filtration system 20, the physical washing system has no water inlet pump, the forward diffusion chemical cleaning system and the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly share a water inlet, the water inlet driving force is the self pressure of the water produced at the upper end of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly, the chemical cleaning agent is added into the forward diffusion chemical cleaning system, and then the water enters the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element filtration system after passing through the functional ultrafiltration membrane assembly, so that the water produced by the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element is not consumed in the physical washing and forward diffusion chemical cleaning processes.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of steps of a method for implementing the drinking water purification device according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the method for implementing a potable water purification apparatus of the present invention comprises the following steps:
and step S1, the first-stage filtering system effectively pretreats and removes particles, colloid, heavy metal, organic matters and the like in inlet water by using a functional nanofiber membrane filter element as a pretreatment process and using a nanofiber structure, a high flux and a narrow aperture (1-5 mu m) of a functional nanofiber membrane and a nanofiber-loaded bacteriostatic group, the produced water directly enters the inlet water of the second-stage filtering system and enters the second-stage filtering system, and the first-stage filtering system also cleans the functional nanofiber filter element at regular time through positive diffusion chemical cleaning so as to realize membrane pollution control and reutilization of the filter element.
Specifically, step S1 further includes:
step S100, the inlet water is driven by the tap water through the self pressure, enters the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly 1 through the water inlet at the lower end of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly 1, sequentially passes through the functional nanofiber membrane element 14 and the water outlet 12 at the upper side end upwards, and the produced water flows to the second-stage filtration system through the water production pump 51.
In the invention, the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly 1 is internally provided with a functional nanofiber membrane element 14, the functional nanofiber membrane element 14 has the functions of traditional 4 or 5-grade PP cotton and preposed active carbon, the nanofiber structure, high flux, narrow aperture (1-5 microns) and nanofiber-loaded antibacterial groups of the functional nanofiber membrane can be used for effectively pre-treating and removing particles, colloids, heavy metals, organic matters and the like in inlet water, and the nanofiber-loaded charged groups on the surface of the functional nanofiber membrane element have the functions of sterilization and bacteriostasis, can play a certain role in controlling microorganisms in inlet water of a household small-sized drinking water purification equipment system, and the functional nanofiber membrane element 14 in the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly 1 can be disassembled and replaced, inlet water enters the functional nanofiber membrane element 14 after entering the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly 1, the nanofiber structure, high flux, narrow pore diameter (1-5 mu m) and nanofiber-loaded antibacterial groups of the functional nanofiber membrane are utilized to effectively pretreat particles, colloids, heavy metals, organic matters and the like in the inlet water.
And S101, regularly performing positive diffusion chemical cleaning by the first-stage filtering system to realize membrane pollution control and reutilization of the filter element.
When carrying out positive diffusion chemical cleaning, by side lower extreme water inlet 11, function nanofiber membrane filter core chemical cleaning medicament dosing tank 3, through running water pressure, function nanofiber membrane filter core chemical cleaning medicament adds 31 four bibliographic categories of medicine measuring pump and establishes ties, the linkage operation, the chemical cleaning medicament is by function nanofiber membrane filter core chemical cleaning medicament dosing tank 3, function nanofiber membrane filter core chemical cleaning medicament adds medicine measuring pump 31, get into function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly through side lower extreme water inlet 11, chemical cleaning waste water is by concentrated mouth of a river 13 discharges directly on. Wherein, the water produced by the physical washing and the positive diffusion chemical cleaning processes are not consumed. In one embodiment of the present invention, the interval between positive diffusion chemical cleans is recommended to be 6-72 hrs.
And step S2, the second-stage filtration system further deeply purifies and sterilizes the inlet water pretreated by the first-stage filtration system 10 by using the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter element with the effective membrane aperture of 10-30 nm and the charged and negative electric groups on the membrane surface and in the membrane aperture to finally obtain high-quality drinking water, and the first-stage filtration system also cleans the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter element by positive diffusion chemical cleaning to realize membrane pollution control and reutilization of the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter element.
Specifically, step S2 further includes:
step S200, after water from the water producing port 12 at the upper end of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly 1 enters the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly 2 through the water inlet 21 at the lower end of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly 2, the water upwards passes through the functional ultrafiltration membrane element 24, the effective membrane aperture of the functional ultrafiltration membrane element 24 is 10-30 nm, the negative charge radicals on the membrane surface and in the membrane hole further purify and sterilize the pretreated inlet water deeply, and finally high-quality drinking water is obtained and is produced through the water producing port 22 arranged at the upper end of the side.
And step S201, regularly performing positive diffusion chemical cleaning by the second-stage filtering system to realize membrane pollution control and reutilization of the charged function ultrafiltration membrane filter element.
Specifically, when carrying out positive diffusion chemical cleaning, by intaking (function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly 1 side upper end product water mouth play water), function milipore filter core chemical cleaning medicament dosing tank 4 produces the pressure of water certainly through function nanofiber membrane, function milipore filter core chemical cleaning medicament adds the series connection of four bibliographic categories of dosing pump 41, the linkage operation, it is by chemical cleaning medicament dosing tank 4, chemical cleaning medicament adds the dosing pump 41, get into function milipore filter core subassembly through lower extreme water inlet 21, chemical cleaning waste water is by just discharging on the dense mouth 23. Wherein, the water produced by the physical washing and the positive diffusion chemical cleaning processes are not consumed. In one embodiment of the present invention, the interval between positive diffusion chemical cleans is recommended to be 6-72 hrs.
In summary, the drinking water purification device and the implementation method thereof pre-remove colloids, particles, natural organic matters and the like in the inlet water of the charged functional ultrafiltration membrane by utilizing the nanofiber structure, high flux and narrow pore diameter (1-5 μm) of the functional nanofiber membrane and the antibacterial groups loaded by the nanofibers, pre-treat harmful heavy metal ions adsorbed in the inlet water at the same time, further deeply purify and sterilize the pre-treated inlet water by utilizing the effective membrane pore diameter of 10-30 nm and the charged and negative groups on the membrane surface and in the membrane pores through the charged functional ultrafiltration membrane, and finally obtain high-quality drinking water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention can effectively relieve the problem that microorganisms are easy to form a biological membrane or grow and breed in the water purifier, and the functional nanofiber membrane filter element and the charged functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element both have antibacterial efficiency: the activity value of the compound on staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli is larger than 3.
2, the invention adopts a 2-stage filtration process: the functional nanofiber membrane and the charged functional ultrafiltration membrane are combined, the pretreatment process is the functional nanofiber membrane, and the core separation process is the charged functional ultrafiltration membrane. Wherein, the functional nanofiber membrane filter core filtration system has the pretreatment function of PP cotton + leading active carbon filtration technology in the filtration technology of traditional water purifier concurrently. The charged functional ultrafiltration membrane can remove particles, colloid and partial organic matters, ensure the turbidity stability of the effluent and reduce the pH value of the effluent.
3, the invention adopts a functional nanofiber membrane filter element filtering system as a first-stage filtering system, and utilizes the nanofiber structure, high flux and narrow pore diameter (1-5 μm) of the functional nanofiber membrane and bacteriostatic groups loaded by nanofibers to effectively pre-treat and remove particles, colloids, heavy metals, organic matters and the like in the inlet water.
4, the functional nanofiber membrane filter element and the charged functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element can be replaced and detached, can be recycled through physical washing and forward diffusion chemical cleaning, are convenient to replace and have the service life of 1-4 years. The forward diffusion chemical cleaning system is simple, does not consume produced water, has long cleaning interval time and high efficiency (after forward diffusion chemical cleaning, the effective operation flux recovery rate of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element is not lower than 97 percent, and the effective operation flux recovery rate of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element is not lower than 95 percent), and the required chemical cleaning agent is easily obtained citric acid or acetic acid, so that the forward diffusion chemical cleaning system has the advantages of long cleaning period, low agent consumption, short cleaning time, few cleaning steps and the like.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations can be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A drinking water purification apparatus comprising:
the first-stage filtration system effectively pretreats and removes particles, colloids, heavy metals, organic matters and the like in inlet water by using the functional nanofiber membrane filter element as a pretreatment process, and then the produced water directly enters the second-stage filtration system through a water inlet of the second-stage filtration system and is cleaned through positive diffusion chemical cleaning, so that membrane pollution control and recycling of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element are realized;
and the second-stage filtering system further deeply purifies and sterilizes the inlet water pretreated by the first-stage filtering system by using the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core as a core separation process to obtain final drinking water, and the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core is cleaned by positive diffusion chemical cleaning to realize membrane pollution control and reutilization of the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core.
2. A drinking water purification apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: first order filtration system includes function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly (1), its built-in function nanofiber membrane element (14), function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly (1) side lower extreme sets up water inlet (11), and the side upper end sets up produces mouth of a river (12), and positive upper end sets up dense mouth of a river (13), and the running water gets into under its own stressful drive function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly (1) side lower extreme water inlet (11), and it gets into to intake function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly (1) back, upwards carry out effective preliminary treatment through function micro-ultrafiltration membrane element (14) and get rid of the back, and the water of output is sent into to second level filtration system through upside end product mouth of a river (12), and the chemical cleaning medicament dosing tank (3) of function nanofiber membrane filter core passes through the inlet channel, and the chemical cleaning medicament dosing pump (31) are added to the chemical cleaning of function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly (1 pump income function nanofiber membrane filter core subassembly (1) pump ) Concentrated water and chemical cleaning wastewater are directly discharged through a concentrated water port (13) at the right upper end.
3. A drinking water purification apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the functional nanofiber membrane element (14) is formed by rolling different numbers of membrane bags made of functional nanofiber membrane sheets.
4. A drinking water purification apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the concentrated water port (13) at the right upper end is provided with a concentrated water valve, when the produced water runs, the concentrated water valve is closed, when the physical flushing and the forward diffusion chemical cleaning are carried out, the produced water valve is closed, the concentrated water valve is opened, and the concentrated water and the chemical cleaning wastewater are directly discharged.
5. A drinking water purification apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the chemical cleaning agent in the chemical cleaning agent dosing box for the functional nanofiber membrane filter element is citric acid or acetic acid.
6. A drinking water purification apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the concentration of the chemical cleaning agent in the chemical cleaning agent dosing box for the functional nanofiber membrane filter element is 0.1-3.0 wt.%.
7. A drinking water purification apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the second-stage filtering system comprises a functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly (2) and a built-in functional ultrafiltration membrane element (24), wherein a water inlet (21) is arranged at the lower end of the side of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly (2), a water outlet (22) is arranged at the upper end of the side, a concentrated water outlet (23) is arranged at the positive upper end of the side, the water inlet (21) at the lower end of the side of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly (2) is directly connected with the water outlet (12) at the upper end of the side of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly (1), water coming from the water outlet (12) at the upper end of the side of the functional nanofiber membrane filter element assembly (1) enters the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly (2) through the water inlet (21) at the lower end of the side of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly (2), and then is subjected to further deep purification and sterilization through the functional element (24) to pretreated inlet water, the chemical cleaning agent dosing box (4) of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element passes through the water inlet pipeline, the chemical cleaning agent of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element in the chemical cleaning agent dosing box is pumped into the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element assembly (2) through the chemical cleaning agent dosing metering pump (41) of the functional ultrafiltration membrane filter element, and concentrated water and chemical cleaning wastewater directly enter the concentrated water port (23) at the right upper end and are discharged outside.
8. A drinking water purification apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the functional ultrafiltration membrane element is prepared from PVDF charged functional hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane filaments.
9. A drinking water purification apparatus as claimed in claim 2 or 7, wherein: the functional nano fiber membrane element (14) and the functional ultrafiltration membrane element (24) can be disassembled and replaced.
10. A method for implementing a potable water purification apparatus, comprising the steps of:
step S1, the first stage filtering system effectively pretreats and removes particles, colloid, heavy metal, organic matters and the like in the inlet water by using the functional nano-fiber membrane filter element as a pretreatment process, the produced water directly enters the inlet water of the second stage filtering system and enters the second stage filtering system, and the first stage filtering system also regularly cleans the functional nano-fiber filter element by positive diffusion chemical cleaning so as to realize membrane pollution control and reutilization of the filter element;
and step S2, the second-stage filtering system further deeply purifies and sterilizes the inlet water pretreated by the first-stage filtering system by using the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core as a core separation process to finally obtain high-quality drinking water, and the first-stage filtering system also cleans the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core through positive diffusion chemical cleaning to realize membrane pollution control and reutilization of the charged ultrafiltration membrane filter core.
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| CN202010367159.2A CN111362446A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Drinking water purification device and method |
| PCT/CN2020/122609 WO2021218067A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-10-21 | Purification device and method for drinking water |
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| CN202010367159.2A CN111362446A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Drinking water purification device and method |
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Application publication date: 20200703 |