CN111362418A - Alternate operation subsurface flow and surface flow composite artificial wetland and application method thereof - Google Patents
Alternate operation subsurface flow and surface flow composite artificial wetland and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111362418A CN111362418A CN202010397768.2A CN202010397768A CN111362418A CN 111362418 A CN111362418 A CN 111362418A CN 202010397768 A CN202010397768 A CN 202010397768A CN 111362418 A CN111362418 A CN 111362418A
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- wetland
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
Abstract
The invention relates to an artificial wetland system, which forms an A/O denitrification operation process by connecting two stages of wetlands in series, aerating at the upstream and not aerating at the downstream, realizes the removal of TN and simultaneously improves the removal capability of pollutants. The second-stage wetland is a composite wetland with an upper surface flow and a lower subsurface flow, so that the diversity of wetland system plants is increased, and the pollutant removal capability and the landscaping effect are improved. The adjustment of the flow direction of water flow in the wetland is realized by changing the water inlet direction, the problem of wetland filler blockage is relieved, and the water distribution and water collection pipelines with different heights are arranged. The wetland bottom sets up mud collection district, mud collection pipe, sets up on the mud collection pipe and takes out the mud pipe, with the hose through taking out the mud pipe and go deep into the mud collection pipe, can have the collection mud of cleaing away the wetland bottom at dead angle, improves the life of wetland greatly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an artificial wetland system.
Background
With the continuous deepening of the work of protecting the water ecological environment in China, the advanced treatment of the tail water of a sewage treatment plant and the centralized treatment of the rural sewage are developed more and more, and among a plurality of technologies, the artificial wetland is widely promoted due to the characteristics of unique nature-simulated ecological principle, lower operating cost and more environment-friendly property. But the disadvantages are also very obvious, such as low treatment load, or suitability for treating sewage plant tail water with large water amount and low pollutant concentration, or rural sewage with high pollutant concentration and small water amount; the subsurface flow wetland adopting the filler is easy to block; the treatment efficiency is further reduced due to the reduction of the temperature in winter, and particularly in northern areas, the problems of water body icing, plant withering, reduction of microbial activity and the like are encountered; if wetland plants are not removed from the wetland, the withered plants will release the absorbed pollutants into the water, and so on. The main difficulties of the wetland are low treatment load, easy blockage and difficult overwintering, and the problems commonly existing in the current wetland engineering.
In the prior art, subsurface flow and surface flow combined wetlands formed by connecting subsurface flow units and surface flow units in series are provided, for example, the technical schemes reported in patent documents CN107383820A and CN201128703Y, but each unit has a single function, the water flow direction is constant, and the subsurface flow wetlands cannot be backwashed by inflow water, so the subsurface flow wetland is easy to block. Another solution for switching between underflow and overflow of the unit by changing the liquid level is disclosed in, for example, patent document CN104326563A, but this also results in that only one mode can be operated at the same time, or underflow or overflow cannot be operated at the same time.
The invention aims to alleviate or even solve the problems by optimizing the structure of the tank body, the pipeline configuration and the operation mode, and improve the treatment capacity and the life cycle of the artificial wetland.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low treatment load, easy blockage and difficult overwintering of the artificial wetland, the invention provides an alternately-operated anti-blockage superficial flow composite aeration artificial wetland and an application method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in the aspect of functional unit combination, the artificial wetland is composed of a front wetland and a rear wetland which are connected in series, wherein the front wetland is a subsurface flow wetland, the rear wetland is a composite wetland with an upper surface flow and a lower subsurface flow.
In the aspect of water distribution and collection arrangement, two layers of perforated pipe pipes with different heights are uniformly laid on the upper half part of the front-section subsurface flow wetland, and the perforated pipes are uniformly laid at the bottom; a perforated pipe is laid at the bottom of the rear-end subsurface flow wetland, and a perforated pipe is arranged at the tail of the upper-layer surface flow wetland; wherein the pipelines at the bottoms of the front and rear stages of subsurface flow wetlands are communicated.
In the aspect of aeration, the bottom of the two-stage wetland is provided with an aeration pipeline, but the two-stage wetland adopts a mode of one group of aeration and the other group of non-aeration during operation, so that the two-stage wetland is formed into an aerobic zone and an anoxic zone, which is similar to the A/O process of a sewage treatment plant, and the aim of removing TN is fulfilled. Meanwhile, the biological membrane on the surface of the filler can be cleaned, and the problem of blockage of the wetland is solved.
In the aspect of operation, the forward flow is that sewage is uniformly distributed from a higher perforated pipe of the first-stage subsurface flow wetland, flows downwards, flows to a bottom perforated pipe of the second-stage subsurface flow wetland after being collected by the perforated pipe at the bottom, then flows upwards to the surface flow wetland, and flows out after being collected by the perforated pipe at the tail of the surface flow wetland; after a period of operation, the waterway is switched to the reverse flow operation, sewage enters from the tail end of the surface flow wetland, flows downwards into the subsurface flow wetland at the lower part, flows into the bottom perforated pipe of the first-stage subsurface flow wetland through the perforated pipe at the bottom, flows upwards, is collected through the perforated pipe at the higher part and then flows out; through the bidirectional alternate operation, the blocking condition of the wetland is relieved; and when the climate temperature is lower, in order to avoid the condition that the upper layer of the subsurface flow wetland is frozen and can not run, the reverse flow is adopted, and the sewage flows out after being collected by the perforated pipe with the lower height at the upper part of the first stage, so that the normal running of the subsurface flow wetland is ensured.
In the aspect of tank body structure design, the first-stage subsurface wetland comprises a planting layer, a fine particle layer, a medium particle layer, a coarse particle layer and a sludge collection area from top to bottom in sequence. The wetland bottom sets the prism into, is convenient for collect mud to arrange the perforation mud collection pipe, the mud collection pipe sets up one at a section distance of every and takes out the mud pipe, during the mud discharging, stretches into bottom mud collection pipe with the hose through taking out the mud pipe, takes out the bed mud, so adopt this kind of mode, be because can effectively clear up the whole mud of wetland bottom, can not leave the dead angle region, prolong the life cycle of undercurrent wetland greatly.
In the aspect of wetland plant configuration, after the upper part of the second stage is changed into the surface flow wetland, emergent aquatic plants, floating plants, submerged plants and the like can be increased, the plant species of the existing subsurface flow wetland are greatly enriched, and the removal of pollutants and the improvement of the landscaping effect are facilitated. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the problem that the existing wetland can not run due to the fact that the wetland is frozen in winter is solved by arranging water inlet and outlet pipelines with different heights; by changing the flow direction of inlet and outlet water, the subsurface flow wetland can be backwashed, so that the problem of wetland blockage is effectively solved; by two-stage series connection and adopting the form of upstream aeration and downstream non-aeration, the AO process is simulated, and the TN removal effect of the wetland is improved; by changing the subsurface flow wetland into the form of the subsurface flow of the upper layer and the lower layer, the simultaneous operation of the subsurface flow and the surface flow can be ensured, the plant species of the wetland is improved, and the landscape effect of the wetland is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1: wetland upper pipeline plane layout
FIG. 2: wetland bottom pipeline plane layout
FIG. 3: 1-1 sectional view
FIG. 4: 2-2 sectional view
FIG. 5: schematic diagram of conventional subsurface flow series structure used in comparative example
Reference numerals
Water pipe: 11-first-stage upper perforated pipe, 12-first-stage middle perforated pipe, 13-bottom perforated pipe, 14-tail end upper perforated pipe and 15-tail end middle perforated pipe.
Mud pipe: 16-a mud collecting pipe and 17-a mud pumping pipe.
Trachea: 18-a first-stage subsurface flow wetland aeration pipe and 19-a second-stage subsurface flow and surface flow composite wetland aeration pipe.
Filling: 21-planting layer, 22-fine particle layer, 23-medium particle layer, 24-coarse particle layer and 25-mud collection area.
Plant: 31-hygrophyte, 32-emergent aquatic plant, 33-submerged plant.
Wetland: 01-first stage subsurface flow wetland, 02-second stage subsurface flow and surface flow composite wetland.
The structural schematic diagram of the conventional subsurface flow series wetland device is marked with the following reference numerals: 03-subsurface flow wetland, 04-surface flow wetland, 41-subsurface flow wetland upper water distribution pipe, 42-subsurface flow wetland bottom water collection pipe, 43-surface flow wetland water distribution pipe, 44-surface flow wetland water outlet pipe, 45-aeration pipe for test, 51-upper filler and 52-lower filler.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
Under the forward flow operation mode, sewage enters from a first-stage upper perforated pipe 11 of a first-stage subsurface flow wetland 01, enters the interior of the subsurface flow wetland after uniform water distribution, then flows downwards, enters the bottom of a second-stage subsurface flow composite wetland 02 after being collected by a bottom perforated pipe 13, then flows upwards after uniform water distribution, enters the surface flow wetland, is collected by a tail end upper perforated pipe 14 and then flows out. After the operation is carried out for a period of time, the reverse flow is switched, namely, sewage flows into the surface flow wetland from the middle perforated pipe 15 at the tail end of the second-stage subsurface flow composite wetland 02, then flows downwards into the subsurface flow wetland at the bottom, flows into the bottom of the first-stage subsurface flow wetland after being collected by the bottom perforated pipe 13, flows upwards, and flows out after being collected by the first-stage upper perforated pipe 11, so that the sewage of the two stages of wetlands is converted in the vertical flow direction through alternate operation, and the cleaning of the filler is realized.
When the flow is positive, the upstream first-stage subsurface flow wetland aeration pipe 18 starts aeration to enable the first-stage subsurface flow wetland 01 to form an aerobic zone, and the downstream second-stage subsurface flow composite wetland aeration pipe 19 does not aerate to enable the second-stage subsurface flow composite wetland 02 to form an anoxic zone, so that the operation mode of the A/O process is realized overall, and the aim of removing TN is fulfilled. The operation mode of aeration is correspondingly switched when the flow is reversed. In addition, the biological film on the surface of the filler can be effectively removed through aeration, and the filler is dredged.
When the climate temperature is lower, the first-stage middle perforated pipe 12 with lower height is adopted, and the middle perforated pipe 15 at the tail end is used as a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, so that the pipelines can be prevented from being frozen, the system can still run in winter, and the invention is favorable for popularization and use in northern areas.
The bottom of each stage of subsurface flow wetland is treated, the section structure is like a triangular prism, the sludge collecting pipe 16 is configured, so that fallen sludge can be effectively collected into the sludge collecting pipe 16, the sludge collecting pipe 16 is provided with an upward sludge pumping pipe 17, and a hose extends into the sludge collecting pipe 16 through the sludge pumping pipe 17 to pump sludge during sludge discharge, so that all sludge in all areas at the bottom of the subsurface flow wetland can be completely discharged without dead angles, and the life cycle of the wetland is greatly prolonged.
The first-stage subsurface wetland A sequentially comprises a planting layer 21, a fine particle layer 22, a medium particle layer 23, a coarse particle layer 24 and a mud collection area 25 from top to bottom.
Due to the adoption of the mode of combining the underflow and the surface flow, the variety of wetland plants can be greatly increased, and the pollutant removal capability of the wetland is ensured by combining a large amount of microorganisms in the filler area, so that the landscape beautifying effect of the wetland is greatly improved. The wetland system is characterized in that hygrophytes 31 are planted on the upper portion of the first-stage subsurface flow wetland, submerged plants 32 are planted on the lower portion of the surface flow wetland of the second-stage subsurface flow and surface flow composite wetland, emergent aquatic plants 33 are planted above the water surface, and an ecological community with various species is formed.
Examples
The wetland device is adopted to treat tail water of a certain municipal sewage treatment plant, and the COD removal rate, the TN removal rate and the filler blockage condition of the wetland device are observed, the sizes of two stages of wetlands are all 1.0 × 1.0.0 1.0 × 1.0.0 m, the effective depth is 0.8m, the treated water amount is 66L/h, the nominal hydraulic retention time is 1d, the wetland device continuously operates for 3 months from 6 months and 13 days to 9 months and 13 days in 2019, the cycle time of forward operation and reverse operation of the wetland device is 7d, the 1 st month is taken as a debugging period, the 2 nd month and the 3 rd month are taken as an operating period, the COD and TN data of the last month and each day are recorded, the 9 months and 14 days are taken, the water level of the device is increased to 0.9m, the aeration device is completely opened, and the number of gas outlet points of the two stages of the wetland.
TABLE 1 COD week average (mg/L) of last 1 month reactor Water in and out
TABLE 2 average TN week (mg/L) of last 1 month reactor Water in and out
TABLE 3 number of air-out points on the surface of the packing
Comparative example:
the tail water of the same municipal sewage treatment plant is treated by adopting a conventional subsurface flow wetland device in series connection, as shown in figure 5, the size of the wetland is 2.0 × 1.0.0 1.0 × 1.0.0 m, wherein the size of the subsurface flow wetland device is 1.0 × 1.0.0 1.0 × 1.0.0 m, the size of the surface flow wetland device is 1.0 × 1.0.0 1.0 × 1.0.0 m, the sewage uniformly distributes water from an upper water distribution pipe 41 of the subsurface flow wetland and flows downwards, the sewage is treated by the subsurface flow wetland 03 and collected by a bottom water collection pipe 42 of the subsurface flow wetland, then the sewage is collected to a water distribution pipe 43 of the surface flow wetland and uniformly distributes the water to the surface flow wetland 04, and finally the sewage flows out through a water outlet pipe 44 of the surface flow wetland, the subsurface flow wetland is provided with a test aeration pipe, the aeration pipe is not aerated during the operation, only when the operation is finished, the purpose is to observe the number of air outlet points of the subsurface flow wetland through bottom aeration after the operation period.
The amount of treated water was 66L/h and the nominal hydraulic retention time was 1 d. The operation is continued for 3 months from 6 months and 13 days to 9 months and 13 days in 2019. Taking the 1 st month as a debugging period, taking the 2 nd and 3 rd months as an operation period, recording COD and TN data of the last month every day, summarizing the data into a week average value, taking 14 th month after 9 months, raising the water level of the device to 0.9m, completely opening the aeration device, and recording the number of the air outlet points of the subsurface flow wetland.
TABLE 4 COD week average (mg/L) of last 1 month reactor Water in and out
TABLE 5 average TN week (mg/L) of last 1 month reactor Water in and out
TABLE 6 number of air-out points on the surface of the packing
From tables 1 and 4, the COD removal rate of the wetland adopting the device of the invention is respectively 87.4 percent higher than that of the wetland in normal operation;
from the tables 2 and 5, the removal rate of TN in the wetland adopting the device of the invention is improved by 71.46 percent compared with the removal rate of the wetland in the conventional operation;
from tables 3 and 6, it can be seen that the number of the air outlet points of the first-stage subsurface flow wetland adopting the device is about 3 times of that of the subsurface flow wetland in the conventional subsurface flow series connection, which shows that the packing blockage condition of the device is obviously better than that of the conventional subsurface flow series wetland.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an alternate operation prevents blockking up latent surface flow composite constructed wetland which characterized in that: the system is composed of a first-stage subsurface flow wetland (01) and a second-stage subsurface flow composite wetland (02) which are connected in series, wherein perforated pipes with different heights are arranged as water distribution and water collection pipelines, and a first-stage subsurface flow wetland aeration pipe (18) and a second-stage subsurface flow composite wetland aeration pipe (19) which are not communicated are respectively arranged; a sludge collecting pipe (16) and a sludge pumping pipe (17) are arranged at the bottom;
the perforated pipe comprises a primary upper perforated pipe (11), a primary middle perforated pipe (12), a bottom perforated pipe (13), a tail end upper perforated pipe (14) and a tail end middle perforated pipe (15).
2. The subsurface flow composite constructed wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower part of the second-stage subsurface flow and surface flow composite wetland (02) is a subsurface flow wetland, and the upper part is a surface flow wetland.
3. The operation method of the subsurface flow composite constructed wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the air temperature is high, the first-stage upper perforated pipe (11) and the tail end upper perforated pipe (14) are used as water inlet and outlet pipelines, and when the air temperature is low, the first-stage middle perforated pipe (12) and the tail end middle perforated pipe (15) are used as water inlet and outlet pipelines.
4. The method of operation of claim 3, wherein: the water inlet and outlet directions of the perforated pipe can be switched mutually.
5. The method of operation of claim 3, wherein: the first-stage subsurface flow wetland aeration pipe (18) and the second-stage subsurface flow composite wetland aeration pipe (19) only have the upstream aeration pipe to aerate during operation, but the downstream aeration pipe does not aerate, and the two stages of wetlands respectively form an aerobic area and an anoxic area.
6. The method of operation of claim 3, wherein: the mud is discharged by extending the hose into the mud collecting pipe (16) through the mud pumping pipe (17).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113683200A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-23 | 北京七星文旅生态科技有限责任公司 | Composite reciprocating type constructed wetland water body purification system and water body purification method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101028951A (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2007-09-05 | 河南亚神环保科技有限公司 | Method for purifying sewage in artificial wet land by northern vertical subcurrent method |
| CN103739084A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-04-23 | 华中科技大学 | Anti-blocking method for artificial wetland |
| CN209193725U (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-08-02 | 北京桑德环境工程有限公司 | A kind of combined-flow and more pool artificial marsh sewage treatment systems |
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- 2020-05-12 CN CN202010397768.2A patent/CN111362418B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101028951A (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2007-09-05 | 河南亚神环保科技有限公司 | Method for purifying sewage in artificial wet land by northern vertical subcurrent method |
| CN103739084A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-04-23 | 华中科技大学 | Anti-blocking method for artificial wetland |
| CN209193725U (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-08-02 | 北京桑德环境工程有限公司 | A kind of combined-flow and more pool artificial marsh sewage treatment systems |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113683200A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-23 | 北京七星文旅生态科技有限责任公司 | Composite reciprocating type constructed wetland water body purification system and water body purification method |
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