CN111361722A - 一种直升机集成装甲地板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种直升机集成装甲地板，涉及航空军用装备领域。本发明旨在解决直升机地板披挂装甲防护方式存在的重量大，空间占用多，结构不紧凑，系统设计不合理等缺陷。发明包括两层模压的纤维增强树脂防弹板与蜂窝芯子粘结而成的夹层结构，防弹陶瓷层和外侧纤维缠绕层。夹层结构与防弹陶瓷层通过粘结形成主体结构，高性能纤维采用湿法缠绕工艺以0°/90°方向交替缠绕于主体结构外层形成一体化整体结构。集成装甲地板满足直升机驾驶室地板承载要求的同时还具有防弹功能。集成装甲地板的防弹陶瓷一侧向下，通过传统直升机地板安装方式固定于底部支撑结构的纵梁、隔框上，可广泛应用于武装直升机的驾驶室防护。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有防弹功能的直升机装甲地板
背景技术
在现代化战争中，直升机以其优越的作战能力成为海、陆、空协同作战不可或缺的武器装备，但又因为其重要的作战角色和价值成本，战场生存能力尤为重要。对于无装甲防护的武装直升机，在关键、致命部位加装装甲，是提高战场生存能力的一种重要措施，它可以保证直升机被击中后，机上飞行员和乘员身体安全，并且继续操控直升机飞离危险区域。
目前国内直升机主要依靠在关键部位披挂复合装甲的方式来提高直升机防弹能力，其组成结构为复合材料+防弹陶瓷。其中常用的复合材料有：芳纶、超高分子聚乙烯及碳纤维等；防弹陶瓷主要为常压烧结的B4C陶瓷。
外挂防弹装甲的防护方式既占用了直升机驾驶舱空间又势必增加直升机的重量，导致机体自重的增大，影响直升机的机动性能，另外临时性的加装装甲不利于合理结构系统化设计，而且安装、维修繁琐。为提高我军直升机的作战能力，急需开发一种更轻的装甲防护技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的是开发一种兼具防护与结构承载性能的直升机集成装甲地板，克服传统直升机地板披挂装甲防护方式的诸多缺点，实现防护与结构承载的一体化设计，以提高直升机防护性能及作战性能。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：
一种具有防弹功能的直升机装甲地板，包括夹层结构，迎弹层和外包层。
进一步，所述夹层结构采用两层模压的纤维增强树脂防弹板与蜂窝芯子通过粘结而成的结构，其具备兼承载作用的同时还起到防弹作用。
进一步，所述迎弹层为防弹陶瓷层，其与夹层结构粘结在一起形成主体结构，防弹陶瓷层作为整体结构的第一迎弹层，最先与子弹接触，利用高硬度、高模量的材料特性使子弹变形、破碎，从而降低子弹动能，并且增大子弹与其它层的接触面积。
进一步，所述外包层为高性能纤维缠绕层，其将夹层结构与迎弹层组成的主体结构通过缠绕工艺进行一体化包裹，一方面增加整体结构的承载能力，另一方面提高防弹性能并防止碎片飞溅。
本发明的有益效果为：
本发明的集成装甲地板可代替现有直升机地板+防护装甲结构，通过现有直升机地板的安装方式固定于驾驶舱底部支撑结构的纵梁、隔框上，行使地板作用的同时还兼具防弹性能，保证驾驶舱内作战人员人身安全。由于采用一体化设计，避免了直升机地板披挂装甲防护方式存在的重量大，空间占用多，结构不紧凑，不利于合理化系统设计等缺陷，提高了直升机作战性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，附图1为本发明集成装甲地板的结构图，包括复合材料防弹板面板、蜂窝芯子、高性能防弹陶瓷层及外侧高性能纤维外包层
其中：1-纤维外包层、2-复合材料防弹板面板、3-蜂窝芯子、4-高性能防弹陶瓷层。
具体实施方式
所述的直升机集成装甲地板其特征在于：所述的两层纤维增强树脂防弹板包括5～10mm厚的芳纶纤维、碳纤维、玻璃纤维及超高分子量聚乙烯纤维增强树脂的复合材料防弹板。
所述的直升机集成装甲地板其特征在于：所述的蜂窝芯子包括8～15mm厚的铝合金、Nomex、玻璃纤维、碳纤维材料的正六角形、过拉伸及柔性蜂窝芯子。
所述的直升机集成装甲地板其特征在于：所述防弹陶瓷层包括8～15mm厚的Al2O3、SiC、B4C及其为基的陶瓷材料。
所述的直升机集成装甲地板其特征在于：所述纤维缠绕层是采用湿法缠绕工艺，将1～8mm厚的纤维以0°/90°方向交替缠绕于主体结构外层的纤维层，其纤维材料包括：芳纶纤维、碳纤维、玻璃纤维及超高分子量聚乙烯纤维。
Claims (6)
1.一种直升机集成装甲地板，其特征在于：两层5～10mm厚的纤维增强树脂防弹板(2)与8～15mm蜂窝芯子(3)通过粘结形成的夹层结构，该夹层结构再与8～15mm厚的防弹陶瓷(4)热压粘结复合成为主体结构，最后采用湿法缠绕工艺将纤维以0°/90°方向交替缠绕于主体结构外层，形成1～8mm外包层(1)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种直升机集成装甲地板，其特征在于：所述的两层5～10mm厚的纤维增强树脂防弹板(2)包括芳纶纤维、碳纤维、玻璃纤维及超高分子量聚乙烯纤维增强树脂的复合材料防弹板。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种直升机集成装甲地板，其特征在于：所述的8～15mm蜂窝芯子(3)包括铝合金、Nomex玻璃纤维、碳纤维材料的正六角形、过拉伸及柔性蜂窝芯子。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种直升机集成装甲地板，其特征在于：所述的8～15mm厚的防弹陶瓷(4)包括Al2O3、SiC、B4C及其为基的陶瓷材料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种直升机集成装甲地板，其特征在于：所述的外包层(1)包括芳纶纤维、碳纤维、玻璃纤维及超高分子量聚乙烯纤维缠绕而成的外包层。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种直升机集成装甲地板，其特征在于：所述的缠绕工艺为湿法缠绕工艺。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113942628A (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-18 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | 一种高生存力直升机座舱 |
| CN114184087A (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种多层轻质复合结构防弹装甲 |
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2020
- 2020-03-12 CN CN202010193725.2A patent/CN111361722A/zh not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113942628A (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-01-18 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | 一种高生存力直升机座舱 |
| CN114184087A (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种多层轻质复合结构防弹装甲 |
| CN113942628B (zh) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-04-11 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | 一种高生存力直升机座舱 |
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