CN111359761B

CN111359761B - Coal sorting equipment

Info

Publication number: CN111359761B
Application number: CN202010284373.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 乔阳; 党丽君; 党文君; 王守仁; 杨学锋; 付秀丽; 张辉; 王相宇; 陈洪堂
Original assignee: University of Jinan
Current assignee: University of Jinan
Priority date: 2020-04-13
Filing date: 2020-04-13
Publication date: 2021-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-13
Also published as: CN111359761A

Abstract

A coal sorting device is used for realizing crushing and accurate screening of coal. It includes: the hoister lifts coal from a low position to a high position; the crushing box is arranged below the upper end of the elevator, and a crushing unit for crushing coal is arranged in the crushing box; the conveying box is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box, a first conveying cavity communicated with the first falling hole and a second conveying cavity communicated with the second falling hole are arranged in the conveying box, and spiral shafts are arranged in the first conveying cavity and the second conveying cavity; the first screening unit comprises a first screening cylinder fixed at the bottom of the conveying box and a spiral shaft arranged in the first screening cylinder; the second screening unit comprises a second screening cylinder fixed at the bottom of the conveying box and a spiral shaft arranged in the second screening cylinder; the spiral blade is fixed on the spiral shaft. The invention can realize the crushing and screening of coal, and the coal can be divided into four stages during screening, thereby realizing accurate grading screening.

Description

Coal sorting equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal separation, in particular to coal separation equipment capable of realizing accurate classification.

Background

After the coal is mined out, the sizes of the coal are different, and the coal is not convenient to sort. In order to facilitate the separation and transportation of coal, larger coal should be crushed. The crushed coal is reasonable in size, but the coal still needs to be sorted. The existing coal sorting equipment can not realize the accurate screening of the crushed coal.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide coal sorting equipment which is used for crushing and accurately screening coal.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a coal sorting device is characterized by comprising:

the hoister lifts coal from a low position to a high position;

the crushing box is arranged below the upper end of the elevator, a crushing unit for crushing coal is arranged in the crushing box, two mutually independent first falling holes and a second falling hole arranged between the two first falling holes are arranged at the bottom of the crushing box;

the conveying box is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box, a first conveying cavity communicated with the first falling hole and a second conveying cavity communicated with the second falling hole are arranged in the conveying box, and spiral shafts are arranged in the first conveying cavity and the second conveying cavity;

the first screening unit comprises a first screening cylinder fixed at the bottom of the conveying box and a spiral shaft arranged in the first screening cylinder, wherein two groups of first screening holes and two groups of second screening holes are formed in the bottom of the first screening cylinder, and the first screening holes and the second screening holes are arranged at intervals;

the second screening unit comprises a second screening cylinder fixed at the bottom of the conveying box and a spiral shaft arranged in the second screening cylinder, and a group of first screening holes, a group of second screening holes, a group of third screening holes and a group of fourth screening holes which are sequentially arranged from left to right are formed in the bottom of the second screening cylinder;

the spiral blade is fixed on the spiral shaft.

Furthermore, the elevator is obliquely arranged, the elevator is of a hollow structure, a receiving end is arranged at the lower end of the elevator, and a discharging end is arranged at the upper end of the elevator; the material receiving end is internally provided with a first roller, a second roller is arranged at the intersection of the elevator main body and the material receiving end, two third rollers which are arranged up and down are arranged in the discharge end, a fourth roller is arranged at the intersection of the elevator main body and the discharge end, a conveying belt is arranged among the first roller, the second roller, the third roller and the fourth roller, and a shifting plate is uniformly arranged on the conveying belt.

Furthermore, a sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of the lifting machine, a sliding block is arranged on the side wall of the conveying belt, and the sliding block is slidably mounted in the sliding groove.

Further, the crushing unit comprises a pair of left and right first crushing rollers rotatably mounted in the crushing box, two left and right second crushing rollers arranged below each first crushing roller, and a driving mechanism for driving the first and second crushing rollers to rotate, wherein crushing teeth are arranged on the outer walls of the first and second crushing rollers.

Further, a reinforcing tooth is arranged between every two adjacent crushing teeth.

Further, the driving mechanism comprises a first driven gear arranged coaxially with the first crushing roller, a first driving gear arranged between the two driven gears, a second driven gear arranged coaxially with the second crushing roller, a second driving gear rotatably installed on the outer wall of the crushing box, and a transition gear arranged between the second driving gear and the second driven gear.

The conveying device comprises a conveying box, a first guide cylinder, a second guide cylinder, a third guide cylinder, a fourth guide cylinder, a fifth guide cylinder and a sixth guide cylinder, wherein the first to fourth collecting boxes are arranged below the conveying box, the first guide cylinder is arranged between the first collecting box and first screening holes on the first screening cylinder, the second guide cylinder is arranged between the second collecting box and second screening holes on the first screening cylinder, the third guide cylinder is arranged between the first collecting box and first screening holes on the second screening cylinder, the fourth guide cylinder is arranged between the second collecting box and second screening holes on the second screening cylinder, the fifth guide cylinder is arranged between the third collecting box and third screening holes on the second screening cylinder, and the sixth guide cylinder is arranged between the fourth collecting box and fourth screening holes on the second screening cylinder.

Furthermore, a first conveying gear rotationally connected with the conveying box, a second conveying gear coaxially arranged with the spiral shaft in the first conveying cavity and a third conveying gear arranged between the first conveying gear and the second conveying gear are arranged on the outer side of the conveying box.

Furthermore, a square first guide block is arranged at the bottom of the crushing box, two second guide blocks which are arranged left and right are arranged on the inner side of the first guide block, a first falling hole is formed between the first guide block and the second guide blocks, and a second falling hole is formed between the second guide blocks.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the coal sorting equipment provided by the invention can realize crushing and screening of coal, and the coal can be divided into four stages during screening, so that accurate grading screening is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the hoist;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a crushing unit;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first crushing roller;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a drive mechanism;

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of the transport box;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first screening unit;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second screening unit;

figure 9 is a side view of the first and second screening units;

figure 10 is a bottom view of the first screen cylinder;

figure 11 is a bottom view of the second screen cylinder;

in the figure: 1, a lifter, 11 a receiving end, 12 a discharging end, 13 a first roller, 14 a second roller, 15 a third roller, 16 a fourth roller, 17 a conveyer belt, 18 a shifting plate and 19 a cover plate;

2 crushing box, 21 feeding port, 22 first crushing wheel, 22 'second crushing wheel, 23 crushing teeth, 24 reinforcing teeth, 25 first guide block, 25' second guide block, 26 first falling hole, 26 'second falling hole, 27 grinding teeth, 28 first driven gear, 28' first driving gear, 29 second driven gear, 29 'second driving gear and 29' transition gear;

3 conveying box, 31 first conveying cavity, 32 second conveying cavity, 33 spiral shaft, 34 first conveying gear, 35 second conveying gear, 36 third conveying gear, 37 first through hole, 38 second through hole;

4 a first screening cylinder, 41 a first motor, 42 a first guide cylinder and 43 a second guide cylinder;

5 a second screening cylinder, 51 a second motor, 52 a third guide cylinder, 53 a fourth guide cylinder, 54 a fifth guide cylinder and 56 a sixth guide cylinder;

6 a first collecting box, 61 a second collecting box, 62 a third collecting box and 63 a fourth collecting box;

7 a belt conveyor;

8 first screening holes, 81 second screening holes, 82 third screening holes, 83 fourth screening holes.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the present invention mainly includes a hoist 1, a crushing unit, a first screening unit and a second screening unit, and the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the elevator 1 is arranged obliquely, the whole elevator is of a hollow structure, a receiving end 11 is arranged at the lower end of the elevator, a discharging end 12 is arranged at the upper end of the elevator, and the receiving end and the discharging end are both horizontally arranged. The inner side of the receiving end is provided with a first roller 13, the intersection of the elevator main body and the receiving end is provided with a second roller 14, the discharge end is internally provided with two third rollers 15 which are arranged up and down, the intersection of the elevator main body and the discharge end is provided with a fourth roller 16, and a conveying belt 17 is arranged among the first roller, the second roller, the third roller and the fourth roller. The inner wall of the elevator is provided with a sliding chute, the side wall of the conveying belt is provided with a sliding block, and the sliding block is slidably arranged in the sliding chute. Evenly be provided with on the conveyer belt and dial board 18, be equipped with apron 19 at the upside of lifting machine, dial first end of board and conveyer belt fixed connection, the setting of apron can realize the spacing to dialling coal between the board, prevents dropping of coal. Therefore, the coal is fed at the material receiving end, and falls from the material discharging end.

The crushing box 2 is arranged below the discharge end of the elevator, a crushing unit is arranged in the crushing box, the crushing box is of a rectangular structure and is open from top to bottom, a conical feeding port 21 is arranged at the top of the crushing box, a pair of left and right crushing rollers 22 are arranged in the crushing box, crushing teeth 23 are fixed on the outer wall of each crushing roller, and the crushing teeth are arranged along the generatrix of each crushing roller. Between two adjacent crushing teeth, a reinforcing tooth 24 is arranged, and the extension line of the side surface of the reinforcing tooth, which deviates from the first crushing roller, is tangent to the outer wall of the first crushing roller. Two second crushing rollers 22' arranged on the left and right sides are arranged below each first crushing roller, the structural shapes of the second crushing rollers are completely the same as those of the first crushing rollers, the first crushing rollers and the second crushing rollers are different in that the size of the second crushing rollers is smaller than that of the first crushing rollers, and the distance between every two adjacent second crushing rollers is smaller than that between every two adjacent first crushing rollers. The bottom of the inner cavity of the crushing box is provided with a first square guide block 25, and the cross section of the first guide block is triangular. Two second guide blocks 25' arranged left and right are arranged on the inner side of the first guide block, and the cross section of each second guide block is in an isosceles trapezoid shape. The bottom of the crushing box is provided with a first falling hole 26 between the first guide block and the second guide block, and the bottom of the crushing box is also provided with a second falling hole 26' between the two second guide blocks. Grinding teeth 27 are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the crushing box and the inner wall of the right side of the crushing box, and the grinding teeth and the crushing teeth are matched to realize the crushing of coal.

In order to drive the first and second crushing rollers to rotate, as shown in fig. 5, a first driven gear 28 arranged coaxially with the first crushing roller and a first main driving gear 28' arranged between the two first driven gears are arranged on the outer side of the crushing box; the outer side of the crushing box is provided with a second driven gear 29 which is coaxial with the second crushing roller, a transition gear 29 arranged between the two second driven gears on the left side, a transition gear 29 arranged between the two second driven gears on the right side, and a second driving gear 29 which is arranged between the two second driven gears in the middle and is rotationally connected with the side wall of the crushing box. The two first crushing rollers rotate in the same direction, the four second crushing rollers rotate in the same direction, and after coal falls between the two first crushing rollers, the coal is crushed once through the cooperation of the two first crushing rollers; after the coal falls between two adjacent second crushing rollers, the secondary crushing of the coal is realized through the cooperation of the two second crushing rollers. Coal smaller than the distance between the two first crushing rollers passes through the two first crushing rollers and falls, the distance between the two second crushing rollers on the left side is equal to the distance between the two second crushing rollers on the right side, and the distances are smaller than the distance between the two second crushing rollers in the middle.

Coal on the hoister falls into the crushing box, and the coal is crushed twice in the crushing box. The first crushing roller, the second crushing roller and the driving mechanism constitute a crushing unit, wherein the first driving gear, the second driving gear, the first driven gear, the second driven gear and the transition gear constitute the driving mechanism.

A conveying box 3 is arranged below the crushing box, as shown in fig. 6, the conveying box is of a rectangular structure, two first conveying cavities 31 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the inner side of the conveying box, the first conveying cavities are communicated with the first falling holes, a second conveying cavity 32 is arranged between the two first conveying cavities, and the second conveying cavities are communicated with the second falling holes. The first conveying cavity and the second conveying cavity are internally provided with a screw shaft 33, the screw shaft is provided with a screw blade, and the rotation of the screw shaft drives the coal in the first conveying cavity and the second conveying cavity to move from front to back. The outer side of the conveying box is provided with a first conveying gear 34 which is coaxially arranged with the screw shaft in the second conveying cavity, a second conveying gear 35 which is coaxially arranged with the screw shaft in the first conveying cavity, and a third conveying gear 36 which is arranged between the first conveying gear and the second conveying gear, and the first conveying gear, the second conveying gear and the third conveying gear drive the screw shafts in the first conveying cavity and the second conveying cavity to synchronously rotate.

The bottom of the conveying box is also provided with a first through hole 37 communicated with the first conveying cavity and a second through hole 38 communicated with the second conveying cavity, and the first through hole is positioned at the front side of the second through hole.

And a first screening unit and a second screening unit are arranged below the conveying box. As shown in fig. 7, 9 and 10, the first screening unit includes a first screening cylinder 4 fixed at the bottom of the conveying box, a screw shaft arranged in the first screening cylinder, and a first motor 41 fixed on a side wall of the first screening cylinder and used for driving the screw shaft, the top of the first screening cylinder is communicated with the first through hole at the bottom of the conveying box, two sets of first screening holes 8 and two sets of second screening holes 81 are arranged at the bottom of the first screening cylinder, and the first screening holes and the second screening holes are arranged at intervals. Along with the rotation of the spiral shaft in the first screening cylinder, the coal can be pushed to move in the first screening cylinder, the coal particles smaller than the first screening holes pass through the first screening holes to move out of the first screening cylinder, and the coal particles larger than the first screening holes and smaller than the second screening holes pass through the second screening holes to move out of the first screening cylinder.

As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 11, the second screening unit includes a second screening cylinder 5 fixed at the bottom of the conveying box, a screw shaft arranged in the second screening cylinder, and a second motor 51 fixed at the side wall of the second screening cylinder and used for driving the screw shaft, the top of the second screening cylinder is communicated with the second through hole at the bottom of the conveying box, and the bottom of the second screening cylinder is provided with a group of first screening holes 8, a group of second screening holes 81, a group of third screening holes 82, and a group of fourth screening holes 83 which are sequentially arranged from left to right. Along with the rotation of the screw shaft in the second screening cylinder, the coal can be pushed to move in the second screening cylinder, the coal particles smaller than the first screening holes pass through the first screening holes to move out of the second screening cylinder, the coal particles larger than the first screening holes and smaller than the second screening holes pass through the second screening holes to move out of the second screening cylinder, the coal particles larger than the second screening holes and smaller than the third screening holes pass through the third screening holes to move out of the second screening cylinder, and the coal particles larger than the third screening holes and smaller than the fourth screening holes pass through the fourth screening holes to move out of the second screening cylinder.

Therefore, according to the size of the coal briquette, the coal is screened through the first screening unit and the second screening unit.

A first collecting box 6, a second collecting box 61, a third collecting box 62 and a fourth collecting box 64 which are sequentially arranged from front to back are arranged below the first screening cylinder and the second screening cylinder, a first guide cylinder 42 is arranged between the first collecting box and the first screening hole on the first screening cylinder, a second guide cylinder 43 is arranged between the second collecting box and the second screening hole on the first screening cylinder, a third guide cylinder 52 is arranged between the first collecting box and the first screening hole on the second screening cylinder, a fourth guide cylinder 53 is arranged between the second collecting box and the second screening hole on the second screening cylinder, a fifth guide cylinder 54 is arranged between the third collecting box and the third screening hole on the second screening cylinder, and a sixth guide cylinder 55 is arranged between the fourth collecting box and the fourth screening hole on the second screening cylinder. Therefore, the coal blocks in the first and second screening cylinders, which are smaller than the first screening holes, enter the first collection box through the first and third guide cylinders, the coal blocks in the first and second screening cylinders, which are smaller than the second screening holes, enter the second collection box through the second and fourth guide cylinders, the coal blocks in the second screening cylinder, which are smaller than the third screening holes, enter the third collection box through the fifth guide cylinder, and the coal blocks in the second screening cylinder, which are smaller than the fourth screening holes, enter the fourth collection box through the sixth guide cylinder.

The upper part and the lower part of the first collecting box, the second collecting box, the third collecting box and the fourth collecting box are all opened, belt conveyors 7 are arranged below the first collecting box, the second collecting box, the third collecting box and the fourth collecting box, and the belt conveyors are used for conveying the screened coal blocks respectively.

When the coal crusher is used, the elevator conveys coal into the crushing box, and the coal is crushed in the crushing box through the crushing unit. The crushed coal blocks enter a conveying box and then enter a first screening cylinder and a second screening cylinder, and the coal blocks are screened in the first screening cylinder and the second screening cylinder.

Claims

1. A coal sorting device is characterized by comprising:

the hoister lifts coal from a low position to a high position;

a crushing box which is arranged below the upper end of the elevator, a crushing unit for crushing coal is arranged in the crushing box, the bottom of the crushing box is provided with two mutually independent first falling holes and a second falling hole arranged between the two first falling holes, the crushing unit comprises a pair of first crushing rollers which are arranged left and right and are rotatably arranged in the crushing box, two second crushing rollers which are arranged left and right and are arranged below each first crushing roller, and a driving mechanism for driving the first crushing rollers and the second crushing rollers to rotate, the outer walls of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller are provided with crushing teeth, the size of the second crushing roller is smaller than that of the first crushing roller, the distance between every two adjacent second crushing rollers is smaller than that between every two adjacent first crushing rollers, the distance between every two second crushing rollers on the left side is equal to that between every two second crushing rollers on the right side, and the distances are both smaller than that between every two second crushing rollers in the middle;

the aperture of the first screening hole, the aperture of the second screening hole, the aperture of the third screening hole and the aperture of the fourth screening hole are sequentially increased;

the conveying device also comprises first to fourth collecting boxes arranged below the conveying box, a first guide cylinder is arranged between the first collecting box and a first screening hole on the first screening cylinder, a second guide cylinder is arranged between the second collecting box and a second screening hole on the first screening cylinder, a third guide cylinder is arranged between the first collecting box and the first screening hole on the second screening cylinder, a fourth guide cylinder is arranged between the second collecting box and the second screening hole on the second screening cylinder, a fifth guide cylinder is arranged between the third collecting box and the third screening hole on the second screening cylinder, and a sixth guide cylinder is arranged between the fourth collecting box and the fourth screening hole on the second screening cylinder;

the spiral blade is fixed on the spiral shaft.

2. The coal separation device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the elevator is arranged obliquely, the elevator is of a hollow structure, a receiving end is arranged at the lower end of the elevator, and a discharging end is arranged at the upper end of the elevator; the material receiving end is internally provided with a first roller, a second roller is arranged at the intersection of the elevator main body and the material receiving end, two third rollers which are arranged up and down are arranged in the discharge end, a fourth roller is arranged at the intersection of the elevator main body and the discharge end, a conveying belt is arranged among the first roller, the second roller, the third roller and the fourth roller, and a shifting plate is uniformly arranged on the conveying belt.

3. The coal separation apparatus of claim 2, wherein the elevator has a chute in an inner wall thereof, and the conveyor has a slide block on a side wall thereof, the slide block being slidably mounted in the chute.

4. A coal sorting plant as claimed in claim 1, in which reinforcing teeth are provided between each adjacent pair of breaker teeth.

5. A coal sorting device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the drive means comprises a first driven gear disposed coaxially with the first crushing roller, a first drive gear disposed between the first driven gear and the second driven gear disposed coaxially with the second crushing roller, a second drive gear rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the crushing box, and a transition gear disposed between the second drive gear and the second driven gear.

6. The coal separation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a first conveying gear rotatably connected to the conveying box, a second conveying gear coaxially disposed with the screw shaft in the first conveying chamber, and a third conveying gear disposed between the first conveying gear and the second conveying gear are provided outside the conveying box.

7. The coal classifying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a first guide block having a square shape is provided at the bottom of the crushing box, two second guide blocks are provided on the inner side of the first guide block so as to be disposed right and left, a first drop hole is formed between the first guide block and the second guide block, and a second drop hole is formed between the second guide blocks.