CN111353715A - Agricultural water resource intelligent distribution control system - Google Patents

Agricultural water resource intelligent distribution control system Download PDF

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CN111353715A
CN111353715A CN202010145374.8A CN202010145374A CN111353715A CN 111353715 A CN111353715 A CN 111353715A CN 202010145374 A CN202010145374 A CN 202010145374A CN 111353715 A CN111353715 A CN 111353715A
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盖迎春
王静
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Northwest Institute of Eco Environment and Resources of CAS
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Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute of CAS
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Abstract

The invention relates to an agricultural water resource intelligent distribution control system, which is characterized in that a meteorological element data collector collects signals obtained by a meteorological element sensor and transmits the signals to an analog-to-digital converter to generate digital signals in the growth process of crops, and the digital signals are organized and coded by a data microprocessor and then transmitted to a ground surface-underground water combined intelligent distribution system by a signal transmitting system; the system intelligently, automatically and scientifically distributes the received data to the water using units according to the change of the external environment (climate, soil moisture and hydrology) after the received data are calculated through a model. The water diversion amount and the water diversion time of the surface water and the underground water are controlled, so that the purpose of accurate combined dispatching of the surface water and the underground water is realized by starting the surface water flow controller and the underground water flow controller, and the agricultural water utilization efficiency is effectively improved on the premise of ensuring water blending.

Description

Agricultural water resource intelligent distribution control system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to an intelligent distribution control system for agricultural water resources, and particularly relates to an intelligent distribution control system capable of realizing the intelligent distribution control of agricultural water resources under different climatic conditions and soil conditions according to meteorological observation, soil moisture conditions, crop growth periods and irrigation channel system parameters.
Background
About 70% of the global fresh water resources are used for agriculture, and the reasonable management and distribution of agricultural water resources affect the global, national and regional water resource safety and food safety. In China, as a water resource management mode of flood irrigation with large water for supply and demand is adopted in many areas, the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources is lower than 50%, and the local life and the utilization of ecological water resources are seriously threatened. Moreover, in many areas, the ecological system deteriorates because of the ecological water consumption of agricultural water. Therefore, the improvement of the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources has important practical significance for guaranteeing the current and future grain production and water safety.
In order to effectively improve the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources, the water can be intelligently, automatically and scientifically distributed to the water using units according to the change of external environments (climate, soil moisture and hydrology). According to the temperature condition (climate factor), the rainfall condition (climate factor), the surface water supply condition (hydrologic factor), the groundwater condition (hydrologic factor), the soil moisture condition (soil factor) and the crop phenological condition (crop factor), an agricultural water resource intelligent distribution system model capable of judging the adoption under different conditions is developed, water resources are rapidly and automatically conveyed to a water using unit, and therefore the water resource utilization efficiency is effectively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the utilization efficiency of the artificial subjective agricultural water resource allocation to the limited water resource, the invention aims to provide an intelligent agricultural water resource allocation control system, which can optimize the calculation algorithm of the irrigation water quantity and the irrigation time of different water using units according to the change of the external environment (climate, soil moisture and hydrology) and the actual water demand of crops in different periods, and an agricultural water resource full-automatic intelligent control system based on the algorithm, and can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of the agricultural water resource.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
an agricultural water resource intelligent distribution control system mainly comprises a meteorological element acquisition system, an electric power supply system, a wireless transmitting and receiving system, a data comprehensive processing center and a ground surface-underground water combined intelligent distribution system, wherein in the meteorological element acquisition system, a sensor bracket, a solar panel and a shutter box body are fixed on the bracket of the data acquisition system, the bracket is fixed on the ground surface by three bracket traction lines, and a wind speed sensor and a wind direction sensor are fixedly connected onto the sensor bracket; the shutter box body comprises a storage battery, a signal transmitter antenna, a meteorological data processor, an analog-to-digital converter, a data collector, an air temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor and a humidity sensor, and the solar panel is connected with the storage battery in the shutter box body; all the sensors in the box body are connected with a data acquisition unit through signal transmission lines; the soil moisture sensors are buried at different depths of the ground surface and are connected with the data collector through signal transmission lines; the rainfall receiver comprises a rainfall collecting cavity, a rainfall storage cavity, a pressure sensor and a rainfall signal microprocessor, and is respectively connected with the data collector through a rainfall data transmission line in a data transmission line protection pipe; in the power supply system, a storage battery is connected with a signal emitter, a meteorological data processor, an analog-to-digital converter, a data acquisition processor and a rainfall signal microprocessor; in a wireless transmitting and receiving system, a signal transmitter transmits a signal through a signal transmitter antenna, and a signal receiver receives the signal through a signal receiver antenna; the water quantity intelligent control central processing unit comprises a parameter memory, a data fusion processor, a display and an external data input interface; the surface-underground water combined intelligent distribution system comprises a water quantity intelligent control gate, an underground water flow microprocessor, an underground water flow control valve, a surface water flow microprocessor, a surface water flow control valve and a surface-underground water combined water flow controller; the surface water flow controller is fixed on the base of the surface water flow controller, the water inlet end of the surface water flow controller is connected with the surface water intake pipeline through the front sealing ring of the surface water flow controller, the water inlet of the surface water intake pipeline is provided with a surface water intake filter screen connected with a river/channel, the water outlet end of the surface water flow controller is connected with the water outlet pipe of the surface water flow controller through the rear sealing ring of the surface water flow controller, in addition, the surface water flow controller is also embedded with a surface water flow microprocessor and a surface water flow control valve, the underground water flow controller is fixed on the base of the underground water flow controller, the water inlet end of the underground water flow controller is connected with the underground water intake pipeline through the front sealing ring of the underground water flow controller, the water inlet of the underground water intake pipeline is provided with an underground water intake filter screen connected with an underground aquifer, and, in addition, still inlayed ground water flow microprocessor and surface water flow control valve in the groundwater flow controller, surface water flow controller outlet pipe and groundwater flow controller outlet pipe are connected simultaneously on united rivers controller shell, united rivers controller shell is fixed again on united rivers controller base to with united rivers play water piping connection, united rivers outlet pipe end installs united rivers outlet pipe sealing washer, the inside joint rivers pressure controller that contains of united rivers controller, and it has united rivers controller impeller to inlay in the joint rivers pressure controller.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the system changes the subjectivity caused by artificial irrigation, and comprehensively considers the influence of meteorological factors, crop phenological period factors, surface-underground water supply factors and soil factors on the water demand of crops. And assembling an electronic element system, calculating the actual water demand of the crops in different current areas according to the real-time transmission meteorological parameters of the meteorological factor acquisition system and the parameters of soil, crop planting structures, crop climates and the like stored in the parameter memory, and giving the optimal irrigation time and pipe output.
2. The system integrates meteorological parameter observation, wireless transmission, crop growth process simulation and surface-underground water automatic control into a whole, and realizes quantitative configuration and intelligent irrigation of crop water demand.
3. The time and the water quantity for crop irrigation can be accurately calculated according to the external environment, the crop factors and the water supply factors, so that the utilization rate of agricultural water resources is effectively improved.
4. The intelligent irrigation system provided by the invention can acquire state information of weather, soil moisture, phenology, surface water, underground water and the like in real time, transmit data to the central processing unit through wireless data transmission, evaluate the water demand condition of crops, and effectively use quantitative surface water and underground water for irrigation of crops, so that the water safety and grain safety index are effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a data acquisition system in the agricultural water resource intelligent allocation control system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an agricultural water resource intelligent allocation control system of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an agricultural water resource intelligent allocation control system of the present invention.
In the figure: 0-data acquisition system support, 1-signal transmission line, 2-soil moisture sensor, 3-data transmission line protection tube, 4-shutter box, 5-support fixed traction line, 6-storage battery, 7-signal transmitter, 8-signal transmitter antenna, 9-meteorological data processor, 10-analog-digital converter, 11-data acquisition processor, 12-rainfall data transmission line, 13-rainfall signal microprocessor, 14-rainfall receiver, 15-rainfall collection chamber, 16-rainfall storage chamber, 17-pressure sensor, 18-solar panel, 19-sensor support, 20-wind direction sensor, 21-wind speed sensor, 22-earth surface, 23-water quantity intelligent control gate, 24-signal receiver antenna, 25-signal receiver, 26-water-quantity intelligent control central processor, 27-display, 28-river/channel, 29-surface water intake line, 30-surface water intake screen, 31-underground aquifer, 32-underground water intake line, 33-underground water intake screen, 34-surface water flow controller base, 35-surface water flow control valve, 36-surface water flow microprocessor, 37-surface water flow controller rear sealing ring, 38-surface water flow controller shell, 39-surface water flow controller front sealing ring, 40-surface water flow controller outlet pipe, 41-joint water flow controller base, 42-joint water flow pressure controller, 43-joint water flow controller shell, 44-joint water flow outlet pipe, 45-joint water flow outlet pipe sealing ring, 46-joint water flow controller impeller, 47-underground water flow controller outlet pipe, 48-underground water flow controller rear sealing ring, 49-underground water flow controller shell, 50-underground water flow microprocessor, 51-underground water flow controller base, 52-underground water flow control valve, 53-underground water flow controller front sealing ring, 54-air temperature sensor, 55-air pressure sensor, 56-humidity sensor, 57-parameter memory, 58-data fusion processor and 59-external data input interface.
Detailed Description
The data fusion microprocessor 58 adopted by the invention is the core of the system, and the data fusion microprocessor, the meteorological data processor 9, the rainfall signal microprocessor 13, the water quantity intelligent control central processing unit 26, the surface water flow microprocessor 36 and the groundwater flow microprocessor 50 form an ultra-large scale integrated circuit, and the ultra-large scale integrated circuit is transmitted to the data acquisition processor 11 through the signal transmission line 1, and is used for calculating and processing data by a computer.
The analog-to-digital converter (10) is of the type (Precision ADC, ADS 125H 02)
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, an agricultural water resource intelligent allocation control system mainly comprises a meteorological element acquisition system, a power supply system, a wireless transmitting and receiving system, a data comprehensive processing center and a ground surface-underground water combined intelligent allocation system. In the meteorological element acquisition system, a sensor support 19, a solar panel 18 and a shutter box body 4 are fixed on a data acquisition system support 0, and the support is fixed on the ground surface 22 by three fixed traction wires 5. Wherein, a wind speed sensor 21 and a wind direction sensor 20 are fixedly connected on the sensor bracket 19; the shutter box 4 comprises a storage battery 6, a signal emitter 7, a signal emitter antenna 8, a meteorological data processor 9, an analog-digital converter 10, a data collector 11, an air temperature sensor 54, an air pressure sensor 55 and a humidity sensor 56, a solar panel 18 is connected with the storage battery 6 in the shutter box 4, and all the sensors in the box are connected with the data collector 11 through a signal transmission line 1. The soil moisture sensors 2 are buried at different depths in the ground surface 22 and are connected with the data collector 11 through the signal transmission line 1. The rainfall receiver 14 comprises a rainfall collecting cavity 15, a rainfall storage cavity 16, a pressure sensor 17 and a rainfall signal microprocessor 13 which are connected with a data collector 11 through a rainfall data transmission line 12 protected by a data transmission line protection tube 3, and in the power supply system, the storage battery 6 is connected with the signal transmitter 7, the meteorological data processor 9, the analog-digital converter 10, the data collecting processor 11 and the rainfall signal microprocessor 13. In the wireless transmitting and receiving system, a signal transmitter 7 transmits signals through a signal transmitter antenna 8, and a signal receiver 25 receives signals through a signal receiver antenna 24 on the other side surface of the shutter box body 4. The water quantity intelligent control central processor 26 is composed of a parameter memory 57, a data fusion processor 58, an external data input interface 59 and a display 27. The surface-underground water combined intelligent distribution system is contained in a water quantity intelligent control room 23 and consists of an underground water flow microprocessor 50, an underground water flow control valve 52, a surface water flow microprocessor 36, a surface water flow control valve 35 and a surface-underground water combined water flow controller (see patent ZL 201810027904.1). The surface water flow controller 38 is fixed on the surface water flow controller base 34, the water inlet end of the surface water flow controller is connected with the surface water intake pipeline 29 through the front sealing ring 39 of the surface water flow controller, the water inlet of the surface water intake pipeline 29 is provided with a surface water intake filter screen 30 connected with the river/channel 28, the water outlet end of the surface water flow controller is connected with the water outlet pipe 40 of the surface water flow controller through the rear sealing ring 37 of the surface water flow controller, and in addition, the surface water flow controller (see patent ZL 201810027904.1) is embedded with a surface water flow microprocessor 36 and a surface water flow control valve 35. The groundwater flow controller housing 49 is fixed on the groundwater flow controller base 51, the water inlet end of the groundwater flow controller housing 49 is connected with the groundwater water intake pipeline 32 through the groundwater flow controller front sealing ring 53, the groundwater water intake filter 33 is installed at the water inlet of the groundwater water intake pipeline 32 and is connected with the groundwater aquifer 31, the water outlet end is connected with the groundwater flow controller water outlet pipe 47 through the groundwater flow controller rear sealing ring 48, and in addition, the groundwater flow controller housing 49 is embedded with a groundwater flow microprocessor 50 and a surface water flow control valve 52. The surface water flow controller outlet pipe 40 and the groundwater flow controller outlet pipe 47 are connected to the combined water flow controller housing 43 at the same time. The combined water flow controller shell 43 is fixed on the combined water flow controller base 41 and is connected with a combined water outlet pipe 44, and the tail end of the combined water outlet pipe 44 is provided with a combined water outlet pipe sealing ring 45. The integrated flow controller 43 contains the integrated flow controller 42 therein, and the integrated flow controller impeller 46 is embedded in the integrated flow controller 42.
① the electric signals of the wind direction sensor 20, the wind speed sensor 21, the air temperature sensor 54, the soil moisture sensor 2, the humidity sensor 56 and the air pressure sensor 55 are transmitted to the data acquisition processor 11 by the signal transmission line 1 during the growth of the crops, the mechanical observation of the pressure sensor 17 in the rainfall receiver 14 is changed into the electric signal by the rainfall signal microprocessor 13 and transmitted to the data acquisition processor 11 by the signal transmission line 1, the analog signal in the data acquisition processor 11 is transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter 10, converted into the digital signal and transmitted to the weather data processor 9, encoded and organized into standard packages, and then transmitted to the signal transmitter 7, thereby realizing the automatic acquisition of the external environmental factors, meanwhile, the digital signal of the weather parameters received by the signal receiver 25 in the water intelligent control gate 23 is transmitted to the parameter memory 57, and simultaneously, the external input of the crop physical parameters, the crop structure parameters, the water texture parameters and the soil parameters are automatically stored in the external data memory 57, and the external data acquisition process is also realized by the external data transmission interface 59.
② the integrated model automatically calculates the intelligent control parameters, the externally input crop phenology parameters, crop planting structure parameters, hydrological parameters and soil parameters are also stored in the parameter memory 52 through the external data input interface 53, the data fusion processor 58 reads various parameters in the parameter memory 57, and in combination with the solidified crop water demand model and the water distribution model, calculates the water demand and water demand time of the crop and the water consumption and water consumption time of surface water and underground water under different external conditions, and transmits the information to the display 27 for display.
③ the surface-ground water resource is automatically and uniformly extracted and distributed, the surface water consumption and the water consumption time are simultaneously transmitted to the surface water flow microprocessor 36 in the surface water flow controller, the surface water flow microprocessor 36 automatically controls the surface water flow control valve 35 to adjust the water intake amount and the water intake time of the surface water according to the data parameters, the ground water consumption and the water consumption time are simultaneously transmitted to the ground water flow microprocessor 50 in the ground water flow controller, the ground water flow microprocessor 50 automatically controls the ground water flow control valve 52 to adjust the water intake amount and the water intake time of the ground water according to the data parameters, the extracted surface water and the ground water are respectively transmitted to the combined water flow controller through the surface water flow controller outlet pipe 40 and the ground water flow controller outlet pipe 47, the pressure in the cavity is adjusted through the combined water flow pressure controller 42, the water flow is transmitted through the combined water flow outlet pipe 44 at different pressures, thereby realizing the purposes of uniformly utilizing the surface water and the ground water and efficiently utilizing the ground water resource.
The meteorological element acquisition system of the device consists of eleven modules including a wind speed sensor 21, a wind direction sensor 20, an air temperature sensor 54, an air pressure sensor 55, a humidity sensor 56, a soil moisture sensor 2, a rainfall collector 14, a data acquisition processor 11, an analog-digital converter 10, a meteorological data processor 9 and a clock (see figure 4). Different sensors are responsible for collecting meteorological elements and converting the change of the external environment into an electric signal. The data acquisition processor 11 functions to collect the electrical signals (analog signals) from all the meteorological element sensors and send them to the analog-to-digital converter 10, and the analog-to-digital converter 10 converts the signals into digital signals that can identify the meteorological elements, i.e., quantitative values (e.g., temperature (deg.c), precipitation (mm), etc.) that can be used for calculation, respectively, according to the changes in the analog signals (voltage, current) and the characteristics of the analog signals from the different sensors. The digital signals are transmitted to the weather data processor 9 to be classified, encoded and packaged into data packets, wherein the clock module is responsible for system time acquisition and identifies a time tag to each packaged data packet.
The power supply system of the device comprises a solar panel 18 and a storage battery 6 (see figure 1). The material on the surface layer of the solar panel 18 generates a semiconductor photoelectric effect after illumination, and converts the light energy into electric energy, so as to supply power to circuit elements such as the meteorological data processor 9, the analog-digital converter 10, the data acquisition processor 11, the rainfall signal microprocessor 13 and the like, and simultaneously store redundant electric energy into the storage battery 6. When the light conditions are poor, the power required by all the microprocessor circuit elements is converted to the storage battery 6, and the storage battery 6 supplies power.
The wireless transmitting and receiving system of the device consists of a signal transmitting system 7 and a signal receiving system 25.
The data comprehensive processing center of the device comprises five modules, namely a parameter memory 57, a data fusion processor 58, an external data input interface 59 and a clock and display 27. The meteorological data acquired by the signal receiver 25 is decoded, reconstructed and then directly stored in the parameter memory 57; external parameters (crop phenology parameters, crop planting configuration, etc.) are stored in the parameter memory 57 via the external data input interface 59. During this time, the clock module time tags each of the stored parameters. The data fusion device 58 reads various parameters in the parameter memory, calculates the water demand and water demand time of crops and the water consumption and water consumption time of surface water and underground water under different external conditions by combining the solidified crop water demand model and the water distribution model, and transmits the information to the display 27 for display.
The ground surface-underground water combined intelligent distribution system of the device consists of four modules, namely a ground surface water flow controller shell 38, an underground water flow controller shell 49, a combined water flow controller 43 and a clock. The surface water flow microprocessor 36 receives the surface water consumption and water consumption time data, and automatically controls the surface water flow control valve 35 to adjust the water diversion amount and water diversion time of the surface water according to the parameters; meanwhile, the groundwater consumption amount and the groundwater consumption time are simultaneously transmitted to a groundwater flow rate microprocessor 50 in the groundwater flow rate controller 49, and the groundwater flow rate microprocessor 50 automatically controls a groundwater flow rate control valve 52 according to data parameters to adjust the groundwater intake amount and the groundwater intake time. The extracted surface and ground water are delivered through the surface flow controller outlet pipe 40 and the ground water flow controller outlet pipe 47, respectively, to the combined flow controller 43 where the chamber pressure is regulated by the combined flow pressure controller 42 to deliver the water at different pressures through the combined flow outlet pipe 44. In the actual irrigation process, the data fusion microprocessor 58 is the core of the system, and the main function of the data fusion microprocessor 58 is to read various parameters in the parameter memory 57, and through the soil moisture condition of the crop planting area, the crop seeding time, the current air temperature, air pressure, precipitation and other factors, the crop water demand model solidified in the microprocessor calculates the transpiration amount, the inter-plant evaporation amount and the soil moisture content of the crop in real time according to the air temperature, air pressure and other factors, so that the water demand condition of the current crop can be known, when the soil moisture of the species planting area reaches the crop root water demand critical value, the water distribution model solidified in the microprocessor can calculate the water demand and irrigation time of the crop, the contribution of the surface water and the groundwater to the water demand according to the current economic factors of the surface water and the groundwater water supply condition, the crop price, the water price and other economic factors, and the water resource multi-target, i.e., surface and groundwater catchment amounts and catchment times, these key parameters will be transmitted to the display 27 for display as the primary factors for automatically controlling the surface and groundwater flow control valves. The surface water diversion amount and the diversion time are transmitted to a surface water flow microprocessor 36, the surface water flow microprocessor 36 firstly automatically opens a surface water flow control valve 35 according to the diversion time, meanwhile, the surface water flow control valve 35 automatically adjusts the surface water diversion flow through the opening size, and at the moment, a clock in the surface water flow microprocessor 36 records the opening time of the surface water flow control valve 35; when the water diversion time of the surface water reaches the system requirement, the surface water flow rate microprocessor 36 automatically closes the surface water flow control valve 35, and at the moment, a clock in the surface water flow rate microprocessor 36 records the closing time, so that the surface water automatic control function is achieved. Similarly, the groundwater diversion amount and the groundwater diversion time are transmitted to the groundwater flow microprocessor 50 in the groundwater flow controller 45, the groundwater flow microprocessor 50 automatically opens the groundwater flow control valve 52 according to the diversion time, meanwhile, the groundwater flow control valve 52 automatically adjusts the groundwater diversion flow by opening, and at this time, the clock in the groundwater flow microprocessor 50 records the opening time of the groundwater flow control valve 52; when the groundwater diversion time reaches the system requirement, the groundwater flow rate microprocessor 50 will automatically close the groundwater flow control valve 52, at this time, the clock in the groundwater flow rate microprocessor 50 records the closing time, thereby achieving the groundwater automatic control function. The system uniformly controls the water diversion of surface water and underground water in real time through the actual water supply capacity of the surface water and the underground water, so that water resources are more effectively utilized, and the excessive exploitation of underground water resources can be protected. In addition, the extracted surface water and underground water are respectively transmitted into the combined water flow controller through the surface water flow controller water outlet pipe 40 and the underground water flow controller water outlet pipe 47, the pressure in the cavity is adjusted through the combined water flow pressure controller 42, and water flow is transmitted out through the combined water flow water outlet pipe 44 at different pressures, so that the purposes of uniformly utilizing the surface water and the underground water and efficiently utilizing water resources are achieved. Its main function is to calculate the irrigation surface and underground water volume and their respective time according to the parameters transmitted in real time, in combination with the parameters of weather, hydrology, soil, etc. stored in the parameter memory 57. The amounts of irrigation land and underground water and their respective times required are calculated in conjunction with the weather, hydrology, soil, etc. parameters stored in the parameter memory 57. The processor mainly completes the following work:
1) calculating the water demand of crops according to the following calculation formula:
Figure 992934DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein Q isargWater requirement for crops (m)3），C0To transform coefficients (m), GscIs the height (m) of the center of the vehicle from the ground, is the solar constant, and is 0.0820 MJ/(m)2·d)，drIs the reciprocal of the relative distance between the sun and the earth, ωsIs the sunset hour angle, rad; phi is latitude, rad; delta is solar declination, rad; j is the number of days in 1 year (1-365), TcThe daily average temperature (. degree. C.), TdThe difference (DEG C) between the highest daily temperature and the lowest daily temperature, KcAs water consumption coefficient of the crop, AargIs the crop planting area (ha), TseedThe sowing time of the crops is 1 year-middle day number (1-365).
2) The method is characterized in that the method is used for calculating the soil moisture and judging whether the soil moisture threatens the growth of crops in real time, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure 296876DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
wherein theta is the soil moisture content (%), theta0The initial soil moisture content (%) is shown, T is the air temperature (DEG C), P is the atmospheric pressure (kPa), H is the air relative humidity (%), V is the high wind speed (m/2) of 2 meters, J is the daily number (1-365) in 1 year, and thetaobsThe observed soil moisture value is obtained. Here, the observed value of soil moisture theta is usedobsThe model simulation values are corrected so as to enable the model to be applied to the observation area without soil moisture. When the soil moisture is less than the minimum soil moisture threshold value thetaminIn time, the data fusion processor 58 takes the system time and starts the surface-groundwater distribution model.
3) Surface-groundwater joint scheduling calculation
Figure 572000DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Wherein Q issFor introducing water (m) to surface water3），WsEffective water supply (m) for surface water3），QargWater requirement for crops (m)3) P is effective rainfall (mm), α is water utilization coefficient, t0To start the diversion time, PcFor the price of the crop (yuan/kg),
Figure 28520DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
for surface water prices (yuan/cubic meter),
Figure 363686DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
is the groundwater price (yuan/cubic meter).
Figure 154925DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Wherein, tstDiversion time (h) v for surface watersFor directing water flow (m) to surface water3/s）。
Figure 233739DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Wherein Q isgFor directing water (m) to groundwater3），GsWater supply (m) for groundwater3) And β is the groundwater extraction coefficient,
Figure 544766DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
the water diversion time for the underground water.
Figure 316413DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Wherein, tgtDiversion time (h) v for groundwatergFor directing water flow (m) to underground water3/s）。
During irrigation, if the surface water is effectively supplied with water QsGreater than QargThen the data fusion processor 58 draws water Q from surface watersAnd water diversion time tstSent to the surface water flow microprocessor 36 so as to start the surface water flow control valve 35 to control the surface water diversion flow vsAnd water diversion time. Effective water supply Q of surface watersLess than QargIn time, the data fusion processor 58 draws water Q from surface watersAnd tstThe diversion time is sent to the surface water flow microprocessor 36, and the groundwater diversion flow Q is simultaneously conductedgAnd water diversion time tgtTo the groundwater flow microprocessor 50. The surface water flow microprocessor 36 and the groundwater flow microprocessor 50 simultaneously adjust the surface water flow control valve 35 and the groundwater flow control valve 52 according to respective parameters, and respectively control the surface water diversion flow vsWater diversion flow v of underground water and timegAnd time.

Claims (1)

1. An agricultural water resource intelligent allocation control system mainly comprises a meteorological element acquisition system, an electric power supply system, a wireless transmitting and receiving system, a data comprehensive processing center and a ground surface-underground water combined intelligent allocation system, and is characterized in that in the meteorological element acquisition system, a sensor support (19), a solar panel (18) and a shutter box body (4) are fixed on a data acquisition system support (0), the support is fixed on the ground surface (22) by three support drawing wires (5), wherein a wind speed sensor (21) and a wind direction sensor (20) are fixedly connected on the sensor support (19); the shutter box body (4) comprises a storage battery (6), a signal transmitter (7), a signal transmitter antenna (8), a meteorological data processor (9), an analog-to-digital converter (10), a data collector (11), an air temperature sensor (54), an air pressure sensor (55) and a humidity sensor (56), and the solar panel (18) is connected with the storage battery (6) in the shutter box body (4); all sensors in the box body are connected with a data acquisition unit (11) through signal transmission lines (1); the soil moisture sensors (2) are buried at different depths under the ground and are connected with the data collector (11) through the signal transmission line (1); the rainfall receiver (14) comprises a rainfall collecting cavity (15), a rainfall storage cavity (16), a pressure sensor (17) and a rainfall signal microprocessor (13), and is respectively connected with the data collector (11) through a rainfall data transmission line (12) in the data transmission line protection tube (3); in the power supply system, a storage battery (6) is connected with a signal emitter (7), a meteorological data processor (9), an analog-to-digital converter (10), a data acquisition processor (11) and a rainfall signal microprocessor (13); in the wireless transmitting and receiving system, a signal transmitter (7) transmits a signal through a signal transmitter antenna (8), and a signal receiver (25) receives the signal through a signal receiver antenna (24); the water quantity intelligent control central processing unit (26) comprises a parameter memory (57), a data fusion processor (58), a display (27) and an external data input interface (59); the ground surface-underground water combined intelligent distribution system comprises a water quantity intelligent control room (23), an underground water flow microprocessor (50), an underground water flow control valve (52), a surface water flow microprocessor (36), a surface water flow control valve (35) and a ground surface-underground water combined water flow controller; the surface water flow controller is fixed on a surface water flow controller base (34), the water inlet end of the surface water flow controller is connected with a surface water intake pipeline (29) through a surface water flow controller front sealing ring (39), a surface water intake filter screen (30) is arranged at the water inlet of the surface water intake pipeline (29) and is connected with a river/channel (28), the water outlet end of the surface water flow controller front sealing ring (37) is connected with a surface water flow controller water outlet pipe (40), in addition, a surface water flow microprocessor (36) and a surface water flow control valve (35) are embedded in the surface water flow controller, the underground water flow controller is fixed on an underground water flow controller base (51), the water inlet end of the underground water flow controller front sealing ring (53) is connected with an underground water intake pipeline (32), the underground water intake filter screen (33) is arranged at the water inlet of the underground water intake pipeline (32) and is connected with an underground aquifer (31), the water outlet end is connected with a water outlet pipe (47) of the underground water flow controller through a rear sealing ring (48) of the underground water flow controller, in addition, the underground water flow controller is internally embedded with an underground water flow microprocessor (50) and a surface water flow control valve (52), a water outlet pipe (40) of the surface water flow controller and a water outlet pipe (47) of the underground water flow controller are simultaneously connected onto a combined water flow controller shell (43), the combined water flow controller shell (43) is fixed on a combined water flow controller base (41) and is connected with a combined water flow outlet pipe (44), a combined water flow outlet pipe sealing ring (45) is installed at the tail end of the combined water flow outlet pipe (44), a combined water flow pressure controller (42) is arranged inside the combined water flow controller, and a combined water flow controller impeller (46) is embedded in the combined water flow pressure controller (42).
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