CN111352004A - Cable fault detection method, device, system and readable storage medium - Google Patents
Cable fault detection method, device, system and readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN111352004A CN111352004A CN202010225657.3A CN202010225657A CN111352004A CN 111352004 A CN111352004 A CN 111352004A CN 202010225657 A CN202010225657 A CN 202010225657A CN 111352004 A CN111352004 A CN 111352004A
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- G01R31/11—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks using pulse reflection methods
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Abstract
The invention provides a cable fault detection method, a device, a system and a readable storage medium, wherein the cable fault detection method comprises the following steps: inputting a pulse signal to a tested cable and a simulated normal cable through an impedance matching unit, and acquiring a test echo signal of the tested cable and an ideal echo signal of the simulated normal cable; and determining the fault of the tested cable according to the test echo signal, the ideal echo signal and a first preset algorithm. The cable fault detection method can effectively eliminate the noise in the test echo signal of the tested cable by simulating the ideal echo signal of the normal cable, thereby improving the fault detection precision of the tested cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cable detection, in particular to a cable fault detection method, device and system and a readable storage medium.
Background
Communication cables and power cables are important tasks of information transmission and power supply, and as time goes on, the cables are corroded and aged by the influence of factors such as external environment, weather, external force and the like, corresponding line characteristics are changed accordingly, faults such as line short circuit, circuit breaking and the like can occur, and the system communication power supply system is abnormal. Therefore, the method has important significance for rapidly and accurately detecting the fault points of the communication and power cables to ensure the reliability and stability of the system.
The traditional cable fault detection method is divided into a bridge method and a traveling wave method according to the principle. The bridge method is rarely used at present because of its limited measurement accuracy and application range. The traveling wave method is divided into a low-voltage pulse reflection method, a pulse current method and a secondary pulse method, wherein the pulse current method and the secondary pulse method are used for injecting high voltage into a cable to be detected and are not suitable for online detection of the cable; the traditional low-voltage pulse reflection method is that high-speed AD directly collects echo signals, the echo signals have large noise, and the accuracy of cable fault detection is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, a system and a readable storage medium for detecting cable faults, which can effectively eliminate the incident signal and the background noise signal in the test echo signal of the detected cable by simulating the ideal echo signal of the normal cable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cable fault detection method, comprising:
inputting a pulse signal to a tested cable and a simulated normal cable through an impedance matching unit, and acquiring a test echo signal of the tested cable and an ideal echo signal of the simulated normal cable;
and determining the fault of the tested cable according to the test echo signal, the ideal echo signal and a first preset algorithm.
Preferably, the cable fault detection method further includes:
generating a reference pulse, and performing power amplification on the reference pulse to obtain the pulse signal;
and adjusting the impedance matching unit according to the type of the tested cable to obtain the maximum echo signal.
Preferably, in the cable fault detection method, the "determining the fault of the cable under test according to the test echo signal, the ideal echo signal and a first preset algorithm" includes:
carrying out differential processing on the test echo signal by using the ideal echo signal to eliminate an incident signal and a background noise signal in the test echo signal so as to generate a characteristic signal;
and amplifying the characteristic signal, and determining that the cable to be detected is in a short circuit, broken line or normal state according to the amplified characteristic signal.
Preferably, in the cable fault detection method, the step of "amplifying the characteristic signal and determining that the cable to be tested is in a short circuit, a broken line or a normal state according to the amplified characteristic signal" includes:
when the voltage polarity of the characteristic signal is opposite to that of the pulse signal, determining that the tested cable is in a short-circuit state;
when the voltage polarities of the characteristic signal and the pulse signal are consistent, determining that the tested cable is in a disconnection state;
when the characteristic signal is zero, the tested cable is determined to be in a normal state.
Preferably, in the cable fault detection method, after the generating the characteristic signal, the method further includes:
inputting the characteristic signal into a positive pressure comparison unit and a negative pressure comparison unit to obtain a square wave signal output by the positive pressure comparison unit or a square wave signal output by the negative pressure comparison unit;
when the square wave signal output by the positive pressure comparison unit is determined to be obtained, determining that the cable to be measured is in a disconnection state;
when the square wave signal output by the negative pressure comparison unit is determined to be obtained, determining that the cable to be tested is in a short circuit state;
and when the square wave signals output by the positive pressure comparison unit and the negative pressure comparison unit are not obtained, determining that the measuring cable is in a normal state.
Preferably, the cable fault detection method further includes:
recording the time difference between the input pulse signal and the received test echo signal, and calculating the distance between the fault points of the tested cable by using the time difference and a second preset algorithm;
the formula of the second preset algorithm comprises:
in the formula, LXAnd V is the propagation speed of the pulse signal in the tested cable, and delta t is the time difference.
The present invention also provides a cable fault detection device, including:
the echo signal acquisition module is used for inputting pulse signals to a tested cable and a simulated normal cable through the impedance matching unit and acquiring a test echo signal of the tested cable and an ideal echo signal of the simulated normal cable;
and the cable fault determining module is used for determining the fault of the tested cable according to the test echo signal, the ideal echo signal and a first preset algorithm.
The invention also provides a cable fault detection system, which comprises a processor, a pulse transmitter connected to the processor, an impedance matching unit connected to the pulse transmitter and the processor, a simulated normal cable connected to the impedance matching unit, and an echo signal conditioning unit connected to the processor, wherein the echo signal conditioning unit is connected to the tested cable and the simulated normal cable during detection;
the processor is used for generating a reference pulse and adjusting the impedance matching unit according to the type of the tested cable;
the pulse transmitter is used for performing power amplification on the reference pulse to obtain a pulse signal and inputting the pulse signal to the impedance matching unit;
the impedance matching unit is used for inputting the pulse signal to the tested cable and the simulated normal cable after impedance matching processing;
the simulated normal cable is used for simulating the cable to be tested in a normal state and returning an ideal echo signal after receiving the pulse signal;
the echo signal conditioning unit is used for receiving the ideal echo signal and a test echo signal returned by the tested cable, carrying out differential processing on the test echo signal by using the ideal echo signal to generate a characteristic signal, and transmitting the characteristic signal to the processor so that the processor can determine the fault of the tested cable according to the characteristic signal.
Preferably, in the cable fault detection system, the pulse transmitter includes a power amplification circuit, the impedance matching unit includes at least two digital potentiometers, the analog normal cable includes a digital potentiometer, and the echo signal conditioning unit includes a differential amplification comparison circuit.
The invention also provides a readable storage medium, which stores a computer program that, when run on a processor, performs the cable fault detection method.
The invention provides a cable fault detection method, which comprises the following steps: inputting a pulse signal to a tested cable and a simulated normal cable through an impedance matching unit, and acquiring a test echo signal of the tested cable and an ideal echo signal of the simulated normal cable; and determining the fault of the tested cable according to the test echo signal, the ideal echo signal and a first preset algorithm. The cable fault detection method can effectively eliminate the noise in the test echo signal of the tested cable by simulating the ideal echo signal of the normal cable, thereby improving the fault detection precision of the tested cable.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Like components are numbered similarly in the various figures.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a cable fault detection method provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a cable fault detection method provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for determining a cable fault by using an echo signal according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for determining a fault state of a cable according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of another method for determining a cable fault state according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram generated after a narrow pulse is input into a tested cable in a fault state according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram generated after a wide pulse is input into a tested cable in a fault state according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a cable fault detection device provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a cable fault detection system provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another cable fault detection system provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a third cable fault detection system provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Hereinafter, the terms "including", "having", and their derivatives, which may be used in various embodiments of the present invention, are only intended to indicate specific features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing, and should not be construed as first excluding the existence of, or adding to, one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which various embodiments of the present invention belong. The terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their contextual meaning in the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein in various embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a cable fault detection method provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention, where the method includes the following steps:
step S11: and inputting the pulse signal to the tested cable and the simulated normal cable through the impedance matching unit to obtain a test echo signal of the tested cable and an ideal echo signal of the simulated normal cable.
In the embodiment of the invention, the cable used for communication and power can be gradually aged under the influence of time, environment, climate and external force, and finally the characteristics of the cable are changed, so that faults such as short circuit, disconnection and the like of the cable occur. When a cable has a fault, the fault needs to be detected in time, and the fault reason of the cable and the position of a fault point need to be detected.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the loads at the two ends of the cable detect that the signal of the cable is abnormal, the cable can be detected, and at the moment, a pulse signal can be input at one of the two ends for detection, for example, a low-voltage pulse reflection method is adopted, a low-voltage pulse signal is input at one end of the cable, then an echo signal is collected, and the fault in the cable is detected according to the echo signal. The device comprises a test signal input module, a test signal output module, a signal output module and a signal output module, wherein a simulated normal cable can be arranged, namely a simulated load of a tested cable, the simulated load simulates the impedance of the tested cable in a fault-free state, an ideal echo signal can be obtained after the.
In the embodiment of the invention, the signal collector can be used for connecting the test end of the cable and the test end of the analog load so as to obtain the test echo signal and the ideal echo signal, so that the test echo signal can be superposed with the pulse signal, the reflected pulse signal and the background noise of the cable to be tested.
Step S12: and determining the fault of the tested cable according to the test echo signal, the ideal echo signal and a first preset algorithm.
In the embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the test echo signal of the tested cable and simulating the ideal echo signal of the normal cable, the fault of the tested cable can be determined by using the two signals and a first preset algorithm, specifically, the formula of the first preset algorithm includes:
Uref＝ρUin；
in the formula of UrefReflecting the pulse voltage signal for a fault point, wherein rho is the voltage reflection coefficient of the tested cable, UinIs an incident pulse voltage signal; zLFor a characteristic impedance value of a fault point, Z0The characteristic impedance value of the tested cable.
When the tested cable is in a short-circuit state, ZL＝0，ρ＝-1，Uref＝-UinThe reflected signal is opposite to the incident polarity;
when the tested cable is in a broken state, ZL＝∞，ρ＝1，Uref＝UinThe reflected signal is the same as the incident polarity;
when the tested cable is in a normal state, ZL＝Z0，ρ＝0，UrefThe reflected signal is zero at 0.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the test echo signal and the ideal echo signal are obtained, the two signals can be input into the computer equipment, and the application program based on the first preset algorithm is run in the computer equipment, so that the voltage reflection coefficient of the tested cable is obtained, and finally the state of the tested cable is determined according to the voltage reflection coefficient. According to the cable fault detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention, noise in the test echo signal of the tested cable can be effectively eliminated by simulating the ideal echo signal of the normal cable, so that the fault detection precision of the tested cable is improved.
Example 2
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a cable fault detection method provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention, where the method includes the following steps:
step S21: and generating a reference pulse, and performing power amplification on the reference pulse to obtain the pulse signal.
Step S22: and adjusting the impedance matching unit according to the type of the tested cable to obtain the maximum echo signal.
In the embodiment of the invention, the echo signal is weak after the pulse signal is attenuated in the tested cable, so that the subsequent fault detection is not facilitated, and therefore, after the reference pulse signal is generated, the power amplification processing is carried out on the reference pulse signal, and the pulse signal input to the cable is obtained. Wherein, the impedance matching is also adjusted according to the type of the tested cable to obtain the optimal echo signal, for example, when the impedance matching is implemented by using a digital potentiometer, the digital potentiometer can be controlled by using a computer device, and an application program for adjusting the impedance matching is arranged in the computer device, and the application program can adjust the impedance of the digital potentiometer according to the type of the cable.
Step S23: the method comprises the steps of inputting a pulse signal to a tested cable and a simulated normal cable after impedance matching, and obtaining a test echo signal of the tested cable and an ideal echo signal of the simulated normal cable.
This step is identical to step S11 described above, and will not be described herein again.
Step S24: and recording the time difference between the input pulse signal and the received test echo signal, and calculating the distance of the fault point of the tested cable by using the time difference and a second preset algorithm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the formula of the second preset algorithm includes:
in the formula, LXAnd V is the propagation speed of the pulse signal in the tested cable, and delta t is the time difference. The time difference between the input pulse signal and the received test signal can be obtained through a signal collector, the signal collector also records the time of receiving the echo signal while receiving the echo signal, the time is transmitted to the computer equipment for controlling the sending of the pulse signal, and finally the time difference is calculated by the computer equipment. After obtaining the time difference, the computing and equipment can input the time difference into an application program based on a second preset algorithm so as to accurately compute the fault point distance of the tested cable.
Step S25: and determining the fault of the tested cable according to the test echo signal, the ideal echo signal and a first preset algorithm.
This step is identical to step S12 described above, and will not be described herein again.
Example 3
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for determining a cable fault by using an echo signal according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, including the following steps:
step S31: and carrying out differential processing on the test echo signal by using the ideal echo signal to eliminate an incident signal and a background noise signal in the test echo signal so as to generate a characteristic signal.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to obtain the optimal characteristic signal of the tested cable, namely the reflected pulse signal obtained after the pulse signal is incident, the ideal echo signal and the test callback signal are used for carrying out difference processing, so that background noise generated by the incident pulse signal in the test echo signal, the receiving environment of the tested cable and other factors is effectively eliminated. The signal collector connected to the tested cable and the simulated normal cable can be provided with a differential comparison circuit, the collected test echo signal and the collected ideal echo signal are input to the differential comparison circuit for difference processing, and finally a characteristic signal is obtained and sent to the computer equipment for fault judgment.
Step S32: and amplifying the characteristic signal, and determining that the cable to be detected is in a short circuit, broken line or normal state according to the amplified characteristic signal.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the pulse signal is transmitted and reflected in the tested cable, the signal is attenuated, so that the obtained characteristic signal is weaker due to signal attenuation, and an amplifying circuit can be further arranged to amplify the characteristic signal so as to analyze the waveform and polarity of the characteristic signal, thereby determining that the tested cable is in a short circuit, a broken line or a normal state.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for determining a cable fault state according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, where the method includes the following steps:
step S41: and when the voltage polarity of the characteristic signal is opposite to that of the pulse signal, determining that the tested cable is in a short-circuit state.
Step S42: and when the voltage polarities of the characteristic signal and the pulse signal are consistent, determining that the tested cable is in a disconnection state.
Step S43: when the characteristic signal is zero, the tested cable is determined to be in a normal state.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the tested cable has no fault, the impedance of the terminal load of the tested cable is matched with the characteristic impedance of the tested cable, so that the incident pulse signal cannot be reflected, and the pulse signal can be completely received by the load after being transmitted to the terminal load, so that the characteristic signal is zero at the moment. When the tested cable has a disconnection fault, the incident pulse signal is transmitted to the disconnection fault point of the tested cable, and then total reflection of the pulse signal voltage is caused, so that the voltage polarity of the characteristic signal at the moment is consistent with the voltage polarity of the pulse signal. When the tested cable has a short-circuit fault, the incident pulse signal is transmitted to the short-circuit fault point of the tested cable, and then total reflection of the pulse signal voltage is also caused, but the polarity of the reflected signal is opposite, so that the voltage polarity of the characteristic signal at the moment is opposite to the voltage polarity of the pulse signal.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the polarity comparison between the characteristic signal and the pulse signal may be implemented by an algorithm or an application program, for example, an application program based on polarity comparison may be installed in the computer device, and the amplified characteristic signal and the pulse signal are input into the application program to compare the voltage polarities, so as to determine that the cable to be tested is in a normal state, a short circuit state, and a disconnection state.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of another method for determining a cable fault state according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, including the following steps:
step S51: and inputting the characteristic signal into a positive pressure comparison unit and a negative pressure comparison unit to obtain a square wave signal output by the positive pressure comparison unit or a square wave signal output by the negative pressure comparison unit.
Step S52: and when the square wave signal output by the positive voltage comparison unit is determined to be obtained, determining that the tested cable is in a disconnection state.
Step S53: and when the square wave signal output by the negative pressure comparison unit is determined to be obtained, determining that the tested cable is in a short circuit state.
Step S54: and when the square wave signals output by the positive pressure comparison unit and the negative pressure comparison unit are not obtained, determining that the measuring cable is in a normal state.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the positive voltage comparison unit receives the characteristic signal, if the pulse voltage of the characteristic signal is higher than the positive voltage comparison level, the positive voltage comparison unit can output a corresponding square wave signal, and if the pulse voltage of the characteristic signal is lower than the positive voltage comparison level or the pulse voltage is a negative voltage, the output is zero. Similarly, after receiving the characteristic signal, the negative voltage comparison unit may output a corresponding square wave signal if the pulse voltage of the characteristic signal is lower than the negative voltage comparison level, and output zero if the pulse voltage of the characteristic signal is higher than the positive voltage comparison level or the pulse voltage is a positive voltage. Therefore, an application program for judging the waveform of the square wave signal can be arranged in the computer equipment, and whether the tested cable is in a broken line state or a short circuit state can be judged by judging the output of the positive pressure comparing unit and the negative pressure comparing unit. Fig. 6 and 7 are waveform diagrams generated by inputting a narrow pulse and a wide pulse to a cable under test in a fault state, respectively.
In the embodiment of the invention, the incident signal and the background noise signal in the test echo signal of the tested cable can be effectively removed by simulating the ideal echo signal of the normal cable, the method has no requirement on pulse width, has no test blind area, and can identify weak impedance change, thereby improving the fault detection precision of the tested cable.
Example 4
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a cable fault detection apparatus provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
The cable fault detection apparatus 800 includes:
an echo signal acquiring module 810, configured to input a pulse signal to a tested cable and a simulated normal cable through an impedance matching unit, and acquire a test echo signal of the tested cable and an ideal echo signal of the simulated normal cable;
a cable fault determining module 820, configured to determine a fault of the cable under test according to the test echo signal, the ideal echo signal, and a first preset algorithm.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the detailed functional description of each module may refer to the content of the corresponding part in the foregoing embodiment, and is not repeated herein.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a cable fault detection system provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
The cable fault detection system 900 comprises a storage processor 910, a pulse transmitter 920 connected to the processor 910, an impedance matching unit 930 connected to the pulse transmitter 920 and the processor 910, a simulated normal cable 940 connected to the impedance matching unit 930, and an echo signal conditioning unit 950 connected to the processor 910, wherein the echo signal conditioning unit 950 is connected to a tested cable and the simulated normal cable 940 when detecting;
the processor 910 is configured to generate a reference pulse and adjust the impedance matching unit 930 according to the type of the cable under test;
the pulse transmitter 920 is configured to perform power amplification on the reference pulse to obtain the pulse signal, and input the pulse signal to the impedance matching unit 930;
the impedance matching unit 930 is configured to input the pulse signal to the tested cable and the simulated normal cable 940 after performing impedance matching processing;
the simulated normal cable 940 is used for simulating the cable to be tested in a normal state, and returning an ideal echo signal after receiving the pulse signal;
the echo signal conditioning unit 950 is configured to receive the ideal echo signal and a test echo signal returned by the cable under test, perform a differential processing on the test echo signal by using the ideal echo signal to generate a characteristic signal, and transmit the characteristic signal to the processor 910, so that the processor 610 determines a fault of the cable under test according to the characteristic signal.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another cable fault detection system provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
In the cable fault detection system 900, the processor 910 includes an ARM chip 911 and/or an FPGA chip 912, the pulse transmitter 920 includes a power amplification circuit 921, the impedance matching unit 930 includes at least two digital potentiometers 931, the analog normal cable 940 includes a digital potentiometer 941, and the echo signal conditioning unit 950 includes a differential amplification comparison circuit 951.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in the cable fault detection system 900, the echo signal conditioning unit 950 does not include a high-speed AD conversion chip, which is different from the existing cable test system based on a high-speed AD conversion chip, and the cable fault detection system 900 is more convenient to transport and has lower cost.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a third cable fault detection system provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
The cable fault detection system 900 further includes a positive pressure comparing unit 960 and a negative pressure comparing unit 970, wherein one end of the positive pressure comparing unit 960 is connected to the echo signal conditioning unit 950, the other end of the positive pressure comparing unit 970 is connected to the processor 910, one end of the negative pressure comparing unit 970 is connected to the echo signal conditioning unit 950, and the other end of the negative pressure comparing unit 970 is connected to the processor 910.
The present embodiment also provides a readable storage medium for storing a computer program which, when run on a processor, performs the cable fault detection method described above.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative and, for example, the flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
In addition, each functional module or unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module may exist separately, or two or more modules may be integrated to form an independent part.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention or a part of the technical solution that contributes to the prior art in essence can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a smart phone, a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of cable fault detection, comprising:
inputting a pulse signal to a tested cable and a simulated normal cable through an impedance matching unit, and acquiring a test echo signal of the tested cable and an ideal echo signal of the simulated normal cable;
and determining the fault of the tested cable according to the test echo signal, the ideal echo signal and a first preset algorithm.
2. The cable fault detection method of claim 1, further comprising:
generating a reference pulse, and performing power amplification on the reference pulse to obtain the pulse signal;
and adjusting the impedance matching unit according to the type of the tested cable to obtain the maximum echo signal.
3. The cable fault detection method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the fault of the cable under test according to the test echo signal, the ideal echo signal and a first preset algorithm comprises:
carrying out differential processing on the test echo signal by using the ideal echo signal to eliminate an incident signal and a background noise signal in the test echo signal so as to generate a characteristic signal;
and amplifying the characteristic signal, and determining that the cable to be detected is in a short circuit, broken line or normal state according to the amplified characteristic signal.
4. The cable fault detection method according to claim 3, wherein the step of amplifying the characteristic signal and determining that the cable under test is in a short circuit, a broken wire or a normal state according to the amplified characteristic signal comprises:
when the voltage polarity of the characteristic signal is opposite to that of the pulse signal, determining that the tested cable is in a short-circuit state;
when the voltage polarities of the characteristic signal and the pulse signal are consistent, determining that the tested cable is in a disconnection state;
when the characteristic signal is zero, the tested cable is determined to be in a normal state.
5. The cable fault detection method of claim 3, further comprising, after generating the signature signal:
inputting the characteristic signal into a positive pressure comparison unit and a negative pressure comparison unit to obtain a square wave signal output by the positive pressure comparison unit or a square wave signal output by the negative pressure comparison unit;
when the square wave signal output by the positive pressure comparison unit is determined to be obtained, determining that the cable to be measured is in a disconnection state;
when the square wave signal output by the negative pressure comparison unit is determined to be obtained, determining that the cable to be tested is in a short circuit state;
and when the square wave signals output by the positive pressure comparison unit and the negative pressure comparison unit are not obtained, determining that the measuring cable is in a normal state.
6. The cable fault detection method of claim 1, further comprising:
recording the time difference between the input pulse signal and the received test echo signal, and calculating the distance between the fault points of the tested cable by using the time difference and a second preset algorithm;
the formula of the second preset algorithm comprises:
in the formula, LXAnd V is the propagation speed of the pulse signal in the tested cable, and delta t is the time difference.
7. A cable fault detection device, comprising:
the echo signal acquisition module is used for inputting pulse signals to a tested cable and a simulated normal cable through the impedance matching unit and acquiring a test echo signal of the tested cable and an ideal echo signal of the simulated normal cable;
and the cable fault determining module is used for determining the fault of the tested cable according to the test echo signal, the ideal echo signal and a first preset algorithm.
8. A cable fault detection system is characterized by comprising a processor, a pulse transmitter connected to the processor, an impedance matching unit connected to the pulse transmitter and the processor, a simulated normal cable connected to the impedance matching unit, and an echo signal conditioning unit connected to the processor, wherein the echo signal conditioning unit is connected to a tested cable and the simulated normal cable during detection;
the processor is used for generating a reference pulse and adjusting the impedance matching unit according to the type of the tested cable;
the pulse transmitter is used for performing power amplification on the reference pulse to obtain a pulse signal and inputting the pulse signal to the impedance matching unit;
the impedance matching unit is used for inputting the pulse signal to the tested cable and the simulated normal cable after impedance matching processing;
the simulated normal cable is used for simulating the cable to be tested in a normal state and returning an ideal echo signal after receiving the pulse signal;
the echo signal conditioning unit is used for receiving the ideal echo signal and a test echo signal returned by the tested cable, carrying out differential processing on the test echo signal by using the ideal echo signal to generate a characteristic signal, and transmitting the characteristic signal to the processor so that the processor can determine the fault of the tested cable according to the characteristic signal.
9. The cable fault detection system of claim 8, wherein the pulse transmitter includes a power amplification circuit, the impedance matching unit includes at least two digital potentiometers, the analog healthy cable includes digital potentiometers, and the echo signal conditioning unit includes a differential amplification comparison circuit.
10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores a computer program which, when run on a processor, performs the cable fault detection method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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