CN111351803A - Automatic visual inspection system for PCB (printed circuit board) and working method thereof - Google Patents

Automatic visual inspection system for PCB (printed circuit board) and working method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111351803A
CN111351803A CN202010159645.5A CN202010159645A CN111351803A CN 111351803 A CN111351803 A CN 111351803A CN 202010159645 A CN202010159645 A CN 202010159645A CN 111351803 A CN111351803 A CN 111351803A
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ring body
pcb
segmental ring
gear
segmental
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宋志龙
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/956—Inspecting patterns on the surface of objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/94—Investigating contamination, e.g. dust
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
    • G01N2021/8822—Dark field detection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
    • G01N2021/8854—Grading and classifying of flaws
    • G01N2021/8867—Grading and classifying of flaws using sequentially two or more inspection runs, e.g. coarse and fine, or detecting then analysing
    • G01N2021/887—Grading and classifying of flaws using sequentially two or more inspection runs, e.g. coarse and fine, or detecting then analysing the measurements made in two or more directions, angles, positions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
    • G01N2021/8887—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges based on image processing techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/956—Inspecting patterns on the surface of objects
    • G01N2021/95638—Inspecting patterns on the surface of objects for PCB's

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic visual inspection system of a PCB (printed circuit board), which comprises a camera bellows, wherein a visual inspection chamber is arranged inside the camera bellows, and an industrial camera is arranged inside the visual inspection chamber; the lower sides of the front wall and the rear wall of the camera bellows are respectively provided with a front conveying port and a rear conveying port which penetrate through the interior of the visual detection chamber; the front conveying surface on the front conveying belt unit is level with the rear conveying surface on the rear conveying belt unit; the front conveying surface and the rear conveying surface can both horizontally convey the PCB along the length direction; the automatic turnover device is simple in structure, and can enable the PCB to be automatically turned over in the conveying process, so that the front side and the back side of the PCB can be simultaneously detected; the efficiency of visual detection is greatly improved; and the plate turning mechanism can realize the whole process of plate turning and transferring only by two servo motors.

Description

Automatic visual inspection system for PCB (printed circuit board) and working method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of PCB visual detection.
Background
The visual system can be used for detecting the PCB bare board by replacing human eyes with an industrial camera, so that the position and the distance of a lead and an element on the board are wrong, the size of a line and the element is wrong, the shape of the element is wrong, the through section of the line is damaged on the board, and the like; the existing PCB can only detect one side of the PCB during detection, and can not detect two sides of the PCB simultaneously, so that the efficiency is relatively low.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an automatic visual detection system capable of detecting PCB circuit boards on two sides and a working method thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the automatic visual inspection system of the PCB comprises a camera bellows, wherein a visual inspection chamber is arranged inside the camera bellows, and an industrial camera is arranged inside the visual inspection chamber;
the lower side of the front wall and the lower side of the rear wall of the camera bellows are respectively provided with a front conveying port and a rear conveying port which penetrate through the interior of the visual detection chamber; the conveying device also comprises a front conveying belt unit and a rear conveying belt unit which have the same extension direction, wherein the front conveying surface on the front conveying belt unit is level with the rear conveying surface on the rear conveying belt unit; the front conveying surface and the rear conveying surface can both horizontally convey the PCB along the length direction;
the delivery end of the front conveying belt unit passes through the front conveying opening along the front-back direction and horizontally extends into the visual detection chamber; the transmission end of the rear conveyor belt unit penetrates through the rear conveying opening along the front-rear direction and horizontally extends into the visual detection chamber;
a plate turning mechanism is arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the visual detection chamber along the front-back direction and is positioned between the output end of the front conveyor belt unit and the input end of the rear conveyor belt unit;
the turnover mechanism can turn over the PCB with the front side facing upwards at the outgoing end of the front conveyor belt unit into a PCB with the back side facing upwards, and horizontally convey the PCB with the back side facing upwards to the incoming end of the rear conveyor belt unit.
Further, the industrial camera inside the visual inspection chamber comprises a PCB front shooting industrial camera and a PCB back shooting industrial camera.
Further, the industrial camera for shooting the front side of the PCB is positioned right above the front conveying surface of the front conveying belt unit; the PCB reverse side shooting industrial camera is positioned right above the rear conveying surface of the rear conveying belt unit; the PCB front shooting industrial camera can shoot the PCB with the front side upwards horizontally conveyed on the front conveyor belt unit, and the PCB back shooting industrial camera can shoot the PCB with the back side upwards horizontally conveyed on the back conveyor belt unit.
Furthermore, front transmission belt side plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the front transmission belt unit, and the upper end of each front transmission belt side plate is higher than the height of the front transmission surface; rear transmission belt side plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rear transmission belt unit, and the upper end of each rear transmission belt side plate is higher than the height of the rear transmission surface.
Further, an LED visual detection light source is arranged inside the visual detection chamber.
Further, the plate turnover mechanism comprises a horizontal central shaft, the axial direction of the central shaft is vertical to the extending direction of the front conveyor unit/the rear conveyor unit, and two ends of the central shaft are fixedly supported on the bottom surface of the visual detection chamber through a central shaft support;
seven segmental rings are arranged on the central shaft in a coaxial rotating mode through seven ball bearings respectively, and the seven segmental rings sequentially respectively comprise a first segmental ring, a second segmental ring, a third segmental ring, a fourth segmental ring, a fifth segmental ring, a sixth segmental ring and a seventh segmental ring along the axial direction of the central shaft;
the first segment ring body, the third segment ring body, the fifth segment ring body and the seventh segment ring body are identical in structure, and the first segment ring body, the third segment ring body, the fifth segment ring body and the seventh segment ring body respectively comprise first segment rings with central angles larger than 270 degrees; the width of a first gap on the first segment ring is larger than the thickness of the PCB to be tested; a plurality of first transmission tooth bodies are distributed on the outer ring of the first segment ring in an array manner along the circumferential direction; a first inner ring of the first segment ring is coaxially and tightly matched with an outer ring of the ball bearing; the clockwise end of each first segment ring is fixedly connected with a first clamping plate extending outwards; clamping surfaces of the first clamping plates on the first segmental ring body, the third segmental ring body, the fifth segmental ring body and the seventh segmental ring body are all on the same plane; a first servo motor is supported and arranged on the upper side of the bottom surface through a first servo motor support, a first output shaft of the first servo motor is parallel to the lower part of the central shaft, and a first gear, a second gear, a third gear and a fourth gear are fixedly arranged on the first output shaft coaxially; the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear are respectively in meshing transmission with first transmission teeth on the first segmental ring body, the third segmental ring body, the fifth segmental ring body and the seventh segmental ring body; the first servo motor synchronously drives the first segment ring body, the third segment ring body, the fifth segment ring body and the seventh segment ring body to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise along the central shaft;
the second segmental ring body, the fourth segmental ring body and the sixth segmental ring body are the same in structure, and each of the second segmental ring body, the fourth segmental ring body and the sixth segmental ring body comprises a second segmental ring with a central angle larger than 270 degrees; the width of a second gap on the second segment ring is larger than the thickness of the PCB to be tested; a plurality of second transmission tooth bodies are distributed on the outer ring of the second segment ring in an array manner along the circumferential direction; a second inner ring of the second segment ring is coaxially and tightly matched with an outer ring of the ball bearing; the anticlockwise end of each second segment ring is fixedly connected with a second clamping plate which extends outwards; clamping surfaces of the second clamping plates on the second segmental ring body, the fourth segmental ring body and the sixth segmental ring body are all on the same plane; a second servo motor is supported and arranged on the upper side of the bottom surface through a second servo motor support, a second output shaft of the second servo motor is parallel to the lower part of the central shaft, and a fifth gear, a sixth gear and a seventh gear are fixedly arranged on the second output shaft coaxially; the fifth gear, the sixth gear and the seventh gear are respectively in meshing transmission with second transmission gear bodies on the second segmental ring body, the fourth segmental ring body and the sixth segmental ring body; the second servo motor synchronously drives the second segmental ring body, the fourth segmental ring body and the sixth segmental ring body to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise along the central shaft;
when the clamping surface of each first clamping plate and the clamping surface of each second clamping plate are parallel to the front conveying surface, the height of the clamping surface of the first clamping plate is equal to that of the front conveying surface, and the distance formed between the first clamping plate and each second clamping plate is just the same as the thickness of the PCB.
Further, the tail end of the first output shaft is supported on a first bearing seat through a bearing; the end of the second output shaft is supported on the second bearing seat through a bearing.
Further, the working method of the automatic visual inspection system of the PCB comprises the following steps:
firstly, in an initial state, all first clamping plates and all second clamping plates of a plate turnover mechanism are positioned at one side close to a front conveying belt unit, clamping surfaces of all first clamping plates and clamping surfaces of all second clamping plates are parallel to the front conveying surface, and at the moment, the distance between clamping openings formed between the first clamping plates and the second clamping plates is just the same as the thickness of the PCB;
secondly, horizontally conveying a plurality of PCBs with the right sides facing upwards to a direction gradually approaching the panel turnover mechanism by the front conveying surface of the front conveying belt unit, simultaneously sequentially shooting the PCBs with the right sides facing upwards by the PCB right-side shooting industrial camera to obtain images of the PCBs with the right sides facing upwards by the PCB right-side shooting industrial camera, then conveying the images of the PCBs with the right sides facing upwards to an image processing system, and then judging whether positions and intervals of wires and elements on the PCBs with the right sides facing upwards, sizes of circuits and elements, shapes of the elements and fouling exist on the PCBs by the image processing system instead of human eyes, so that the visual detection of the right sides of the PCBs is realized;
step three, when the front conveyor belt unit horizontally conveys one end, close to the board turning mechanism, of the first PCB with the right side upward to be in contact with the board turning mechanism, the PCB is made of plastic light materials and can slip on the front conveying surface when meeting small resistance, and because the distance between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate which are parallel to each other in the initial state is equal to the thickness of the PCB, one end, close to the board turning mechanism, of the first PCB with the right side upward cannot be smoothly inserted into clamping openings formed between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plates due to friction;
at the moment, a first servo motor and a second servo motor are controlled, the first servo motor synchronizes the first segmental ring body, the third segmental ring body, the fifth segmental ring body and the seventh segmental ring body through a first gear, a second gear, a third gear and a fourth gear to rotate anticlockwise a degrees, a is less than 5 degrees, each first clamping plate can rotate anticlockwise a degrees, meanwhile, the second servo motor synchronously drives the second segmental ring body, the fourth segmental ring body and the sixth segmental ring body through a fifth gear, a sixth gear and a seventh gear to rotate clockwise a degrees, each second clamping plate can rotate clockwise a degrees, a clamping opening with larger opening degree is formed between each first clamping plate and each second clamping plate, at the moment, one end of a first PCB, which is right above the turnover mechanism, is inserted into a clamping opening with larger opening degree formed between each first clamping plate and each second clamping plate under the horizontal conveying of a front conveying surface without resistance, stopping until one end of the first PCB with the right side facing upwards, which is close to the panel turnover mechanism, is jacked to the outer ring of the ball bearing in the clamping opening;
step four, controlling a first servo motor and a second servo motor, wherein the first servo motor synchronizes the first segmental ring body, the third segmental ring body, the fifth segmental ring body and the seventh segmental ring body through a first gear, a second gear, a third gear and a fourth gear, and each first clamping plate rotates clockwise a degrees along with the first gear, and meanwhile, the second servo motor synchronously drives the second segmental ring body, the fourth segmental ring body and the sixth segmental ring body through a fifth gear, a sixth gear and a seventh gear to rotate anticlockwise a degrees along with the first clamping plate, and each second clamping plate rotates anticlockwise a degrees along with the second clamping plate; at the moment, the clamping openings between the first clamping plates and the second clamping plates are gradually folded to be in a 'step one' initial state, the distance between the clamping openings formed between the first clamping plates and the second clamping plates is just the same as the thickness of the PCB, and in the 'step three', one end, close to the board turning mechanism, of the first PCB with the right side upward is horizontally inserted into the clamping openings between the first clamping plates and the second clamping plates, so that one end, with the right side upward, of the first PCB is completely clamped by the first clamping plates and the second clamping plates at the moment;
step five, controlling the first servo motor and the second servo motor, and keeping the output rotating speeds of the first servo motor and the second servo motor synchronous and equal all the time in the step; the first servo motor synchronously rotates the first segmental ring body, the third segmental ring body, the fifth segmental ring body and the seventh segmental ring body for 180 degrees clockwise through the first gear, the second gear, the third gear and the fourth gear, and simultaneously the second servo motor synchronously drives the second segmental ring body, the fourth segmental ring body and the sixth segmental ring body to synchronously rotate for 180 degrees clockwise through the fifth gear, the sixth gear and the seventh gear; at the moment, each first clamping plate and each second clamping plate synchronously rotate 180 degrees clockwise, at the moment, the PCB with the upward front face rotates 180 degrees clockwise along the central shaft under the clamping of each first clamping plate and each second clamping plate, the PCB with the upward front face rotating 180 degrees clockwise along the central shaft is turned over, so that the PCB with the upward reverse face is formed, and the PCB with the upward reverse face horizontally contacts the rear conveying face of the rear conveying belt unit;
step six, controlling a first servo motor and a second servo motor at the moment, wherein the first servo motor synchronizes a first segment ring body, a third segment ring body, a fifth segment ring body and a seventh segment ring body through a first gear, a second gear, a third gear and a fourth gear to rotate anticlockwise by a degrees, a is less than 5, each first clamping plate can rotate anticlockwise by a degrees along with the first clamping plate, meanwhile, the second servo motor synchronously drives the second segmental ring body, the fourth segmental ring body and the sixth segmental ring body to rotate clockwise a degrees through a fifth gear, a sixth gear and a seventh gear, each second clamping plate can rotate clockwise a degrees, a clamping opening with larger opening degree is formed between each first clamping plate and each second clamping plate again, the PCB with the reverse side facing upwards is changed into a releasing state from a clamping state by each first clamping plate and each second clamping plate, and the PCB with the reverse side facing upwards which is released at the moment continues to be conveyed under the conveying of the rear conveying belt unit;
step seven, shooting the PCB with the reverse side upward horizontally conveyed on the rear conveyor belt unit by the industrial camera on the reverse side of the PCB, further shooting the image of the PCB with the reverse side upward by the industrial camera on the reverse side of the PCB, then transmitting the image of the PCB with the reverse side upward to the image processing system, and then judging whether the positions and the intervals of the wires and the elements on the PCB with the reverse side upward are wrong, whether the sizes of the lines and the elements are wrong, whether the shapes of the elements are wrong and whether the PCB is stained by the image processing system instead of human eyes, thereby realizing the visual detection on the front side of the PCB; thus, the visual detection of the front and the back of the PCB is completed.
Has the advantages that: the automatic turnover device is simple in structure, and can enable the PCB to be automatically turned over in the conveying process, so that the front side and the back side of the PCB can be simultaneously detected; the efficiency of visual detection is greatly improved; and the plate turning mechanism can realize the whole process of plate turning and transferring only by two servo motors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall front view of the device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cutaway structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a turning plate structure matched with two conveyor belt units in the visual inspection chamber of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of each first clamping plate and each second clamping plate just completely clamping one end of a first PCB with the right side facing upwards;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a PCB board with its right side up rotating clockwise along a central axis under the clamping of the first clamping plates and the second clamping plates;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first perspective of the flipping mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a second perspective view of the flipping mechanism;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the flipping mechanism clamping one end of a PCB board with its front side facing up;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a first segment ring body, a third segment ring body, a fifth segment ring body and a seventh segment ring body;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a second segmental ring body, a fourth segmental ring body and a sixth segmental ring body;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of the whole process of turning the PCB with its front side up into the PCB with its back side up by the turning mechanism.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The automatic visual inspection system for the PCB as shown in fig. 1 to 12 comprises a camera bellows 15, wherein a visual inspection chamber 8 is arranged inside the camera bellows 15, and an industrial camera is arranged inside the visual inspection chamber 8;
the lower side of the front and rear walls of the dark box 15 is respectively provided with a front conveying port 11 and a rear conveying port 7 which penetrate through the interior of the visual detection chamber 8; the conveyor belt device also comprises a front conveyor belt unit 1 and a rear conveyor belt unit 6 which have the same extension direction, wherein a front conveying surface 13 on the front conveyor belt unit 1 is level with a rear conveying surface 14 on the rear conveyor belt unit 6; the front conveying surface 13 and the rear conveying surface 14 can horizontally convey the PCB along the length direction;
the delivery end of the front conveyor belt unit 1 passes through the front delivery port 11 along the front-back direction and horizontally extends into the visual inspection chamber 8; the incoming end of the rear conveyor belt unit 6 passes through the rear conveyor opening 7 in the front-rear direction and horizontally extends into the visual inspection chamber 8;
the middle position of the bottom surface 2 of the visual detection chamber 8 along the front-back direction is provided with a plate turning mechanism 4, and the plate turning mechanism 4 is positioned between the delivery end of the front conveyor unit 1 and the delivery end of the rear conveyor unit 6;
the turnover mechanism 4 can turn over the PCB 12 with the right side upward at the outgoing end of the front conveyor unit 1 into the PCB 12.1 with the reverse side upward, and horizontally convey the PCB 12.1 with the reverse side upward to the incoming end of the rear conveyor unit 6.
The industrial cameras inside the vision inspection chamber 8 include a PCB front side photographing industrial camera 11 and a PCB back side photographing industrial camera 9.
The industrial camera 10 for shooting the front side of the PCB is positioned right above the front conveying surface 13 of the front conveying belt unit 1; the PCB reverse side shooting industrial camera 9 is positioned right above the rear conveying surface 14 of the rear conveying belt unit 6; the PCB front shooting industrial camera 10 can shoot the PCB 12 which is horizontally conveyed and is arranged with the front side facing upwards on the front conveyor belt unit 1, and the PCB back shooting industrial camera 9 can shoot the PCB 12.1 which is horizontally conveyed and is arranged with the back side facing upwards on the back conveyor belt unit 6.
Front transmission belt side plates 3 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the front transmission belt unit 1, and the upper end of each front transmission belt side plate 3 is higher than the height of the front transmission surface 13; rear transmission belt side plates 5 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rear transmission belt unit 6, and the upper end of each rear transmission belt side plate 5 is higher than the height of the rear transmission surface 14.
The inside of the visual inspection chamber 8 is also provided with an LED visual inspection light source.
The plate turnover mechanism 4 comprises a horizontal central shaft 17, the axial direction of the central shaft 17 is vertical to the extending direction of the front conveyor unit 1/the rear conveyor unit 6, and two ends of the central shaft 17 are fixedly supported on the bottom surface 2 of the visual detection chamber 8 through a central shaft bracket 18;
seven segmental rings are arranged on the central shaft 17 in a coaxial rotating mode through seven ball bearings 20, and a first segmental ring 30.1, a second segmental ring 30.2, a third segmental ring 30.3, a fourth segmental ring 30.4, a fifth segmental ring 30.5, a sixth segmental ring 30.6 and a seventh segmental ring 30.7 are sequentially arranged on the seven segmental rings along the axial direction of the central shaft 17;
the first segmental ring body 30.1, the third segmental ring body 30.3, the fifth segmental ring body 30.5 and the seventh segmental ring body 30.7 are identical in structure, and the first segmental ring body 30.1, the third segmental ring body 30.3, the fifth segmental ring body 30.5 and the seventh segmental ring body 30.7 respectively comprise a first segmental ring 35 with a central angle larger than 270 degrees; the first gap width 02 of the first gap 36 on the first segment ring 35 is larger than the thickness of the measured PCB plate; a plurality of first transmission gear bodies 40 are distributed on the outer ring of the first segment ring 35 in an array manner along the circumferential direction; the first inner ring 38 of the first segment ring 35 is coaxially and tightly matched with the outer ring of the ball bearing 20; the clockwise end of each first segment ring 35 is fixedly connected with a first clamping plate 22 extending outwards; the clamping surfaces 07 of the first clamping plate 22 on the first segmental ring body 30.1, the third segmental ring body 30.3, the fifth segmental ring body 30.5 and the seventh segmental ring body 30.7 are all on the same plane; a first servo motor 23 is supported and arranged on the upper side of the bottom surface 2 through a first servo motor bracket 24, a first output shaft 25 of the first servo motor 23 is parallel to the lower part of the central shaft 17, and a first gear 31.1, a second gear 31.2, a third gear 31.3 and a fourth gear 31.1 are respectively and coaxially and fixedly arranged on the first output shaft 25; the first gear 31.1, the second gear 31.2, the third gear 31.3 and the fourth gear 31.4 are respectively in meshed transmission with the first transmission gear 40 on the first segmental ring body 30.1, the third segmental ring body 30.3, the fifth segmental ring body 30.5 and the seventh segmental ring body 30.7; the first servo motor 23 synchronously drives the first segment ring body 30.1, the third segment ring body 30.3, the fifth segment ring body 30.5 and the seventh segment ring body 30.7 to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise along the central shaft 17;
the second segmental ring body 30.2, the fourth segmental ring body 30.4 and the sixth segmental ring body 30.6 are identical in structure, and the second segmental ring body 30.2, the fourth segmental ring body 30.4 and the sixth segmental ring body 30.6 respectively comprise a second segmental ring 34 with a central angle larger than 270 degrees; the second gap width 01 of the second gap 036 on the second segment ring 34 is greater than the thickness of the tested PCB; a plurality of second transmission tooth bodies 39 are distributed on the outer ring of the second segment ring 34 in an array manner along the circumferential direction; the second inner ring 37 of the second segment ring 34 is coaxially and tightly matched with the outer ring of the ball bearing 20; the counterclockwise end of each second segment ring 34 is fixedly connected with a second clamping plate 21 which extends outwards; the clamping surfaces 07 of the second clamping plate 21 on the second segmental ring body 30.2, the fourth segmental ring body 30.4 and the sixth segmental ring body 30.6 are all on the same plane; a second servo motor 26 is supported and arranged on the upper side of the bottom surface 2 through a second servo motor bracket 27, a second output shaft 28 of the second servo motor 26 is parallel to the lower part of the central shaft 17, and a fifth gear 32.1, a sixth gear 32.2 and a seventh gear 32.3 are respectively and coaxially and fixedly arranged on the second output shaft 28; the fifth gear 32.1, the sixth gear 32.2 and the seventh gear 32.3 are respectively in meshed transmission with the second transmission gear 39 on the second segmental ring body 30.2, the fourth segmental ring body 30.4 and the sixth segmental ring body 30.6; the second servo motor 26 synchronously drives the second segmental ring body 30.2, the fourth segmental ring body 30.4 and the sixth segmental ring body 30.6 to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise along the central shaft 17;
when the clamping surface 07 of each first clamping plate 22 and the clamping surface 07 of each second clamping plate 21 are parallel to the front conveying surface 13, the height of the clamping surface 07 of the first clamping plate 22 is equal to the height of the front conveying surface 13, and the distance formed between the first clamping plate 22 and each second clamping plate 21 is just the same as the thickness of the PCB.
The end of the first output shaft 25 is supported on the first bearing housing 19 by a bearing; the end of the second output shaft 28 is supported on the second bearing housing 29 by a bearing.
The working method of the automatic visual inspection system of the PCB is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, in an initial state, each first clamping plate 22 and each second clamping plate 21 of the plate turnover mechanism 4 are positioned at one side close to the front conveyor belt unit 1, a clamping surface 07 of each first clamping plate 22 and a clamping surface 07 of each second clamping plate 21 are parallel to the front conveyor surface 13, and at the moment, the distance between clamping openings 45 formed between each first clamping plate 22 and each second clamping plate 21 is exactly the same as the thickness of a PCB (printed circuit board);
secondly, horizontally conveying a plurality of PCBs 12 with right sides facing upwards to a direction gradually approaching the panel turnover mechanism 4 by a front conveying surface 13 of the front conveying belt unit 1, simultaneously sequentially shooting the PCBs 12 horizontally conveyed on the front conveying belt unit 1 by the PCB right-side shooting industrial camera 10, further obtaining images of the PCBs 12 with right sides facing upwards by the PCB right-side shooting industrial camera 10, then conveying the images of the PCBs 12 with right sides facing upwards to an image processing system, and then judging whether positions and intervals of wires and elements on the PCBs 12 with right sides facing upwards are wrong or not, whether sizes of circuits and elements are wrong or not, whether shapes of the elements are wrong or not and whether the plates are stained or not by the image processing system instead of human eyes, thereby realizing visual detection of the right sides of the PCBs;
step three, when the front conveyor belt unit 1 horizontally conveys one end, close to the panel turnover mechanism 4, of the first upward-facing PCB 12 to be in contact with the panel turnover mechanism 4, the PCB slips on the front conveyor surface 13 when meeting a small resistance because the PCB is made of a plastic light material, and because the distance between the first clamping plate 22 and the second clamping plate 21 which are parallel to each other in the initial state is equal to the thickness of the PCB, one end, close to the panel turnover mechanism 4, of the first upward-facing PCB 12 cannot be smoothly inserted into the clamping opening 45 formed between each first clamping plate 22 and each second clamping plate 21 due to friction;
at this time, the first servo motor 23 and the second servo motor 26 are controlled, the first servo motor 23 synchronously rotates the first segmental ring body 30.1, the third segmental ring body 30.3, the fifth segmental ring body 30.5 and the seventh segmental ring body 30.7 anticlockwise by a degrees and a is less than 5 through the first gear 31.1, the second gear 31.2, the third gear 31.3 and the fourth gear 31.4, each first clamping plate 22 rotates anticlockwise by a degree and simultaneously the second servo motor 26 synchronously drives the second segmental ring body 30.2, the fourth segmental ring body 30.4 and the sixth segmental ring body 30.6 to rotate clockwise by a degrees through the fifth gear 32.1, the sixth gear 32.2 and the seventh gear 32.3 to synchronously rotate clockwise by a degrees and each second clamping plate 21 rotates clockwise by a degrees and a non-open-up PCB In the larger clamping opening 45 in the initial state, stopping until one end of the first PCB 12 with the right side facing upwards, which is close to the panel turnover mechanism 4, is jacked to the outer ring of the ball bearing 20 in the clamping opening 45;
step four, controlling a first servo motor 23 and a second servo motor 26, wherein the first servo motor 23 synchronously rotates a degrees clockwise by a first clamping plate 22, a third clamping plate 22, a fifth clamping plate 22 and a seventh clamping plate 30.7 through a first gear 31.1, a second gear 31.2, a third gear 31.3 and a fourth gear 31.4, the second servo motor 23 synchronously rotates a degrees anticlockwise by a second clamping plate 21 through a fifth gear 32.1, a sixth gear 32.2 and a seventh gear 32.3, and meanwhile, the second servo motor 26 synchronously drives the second clamping plate 30.2, the fourth clamping plate 30.4 and the sixth clamping plate 30.6 to rotate a degrees anticlockwise through a fifth gear 32.1, a sixth gear 32.2 and a seventh gear 32.3; at this time, the clamping openings 45 between the first clamping plates 22 and the second clamping plates 21 are gradually closed to form an initial state of 'step one', the distance between the clamping openings 45 formed between the first clamping plates 22 and the second clamping plates 21 is just the same as the thickness of the PCB, and in 'step three', one end of the first PCB 12 with the right side up, which is close to the plate turnover mechanism 4, is horizontally inserted into the clamping openings 45 between the first clamping plates 22 and the second clamping plates 21, so that one end of the first PCB 12 with the right side up is completely clamped by the first clamping plates 22 and the second clamping plates 21 at this time;
step five, controlling the first servo motor 23 and the second servo motor 26, wherein the output rotating speeds of the first servo motor 23 and the second servo motor 26 are always kept to be synchronous and equal; the first servo motor 23 synchronously rotates the first segmental ring body 30.1, the third segmental ring body 30.3, the fifth segmental ring body 30.5 and the seventh segmental ring body 30.7 clockwise by 180 degrees through the first gear 31.1, the second gear 31.2, the third gear 31.3 and the fourth gear 31.4, and simultaneously the second servo motor 26 synchronously drives the second segmental ring body 30.2, the fourth segmental ring body 30.4 and the sixth segmental ring body 30.6 to synchronously rotate clockwise by 180 degrees through the fifth gear 32.1, the sixth gear 32.2 and the seventh gear 32.3; at this time, each first clamping plate 22 and each second clamping plate 21 synchronously rotate clockwise by 180 degrees, at this time, the first PCB 12 with the upward front face rotates clockwise by 180 degrees along the central shaft 17 under the clamping of each first clamping plate 22 and each second clamping plate 21, the PCB 12 with the upward front face rotating by 180 degrees clockwise along the central shaft 17 is turned over, so that a PCB 12.1 with the upward reverse face is formed, and at this time, the PCB 12.1 with the upward reverse face horizontally contacts the rear conveying face 14 of the rear conveying belt unit 6;
step six, controlling the first servo motor 23 and the second servo motor 26, wherein the first servo motor 23 synchronously rotates the first segmental ring body 30.1, the third segmental ring body 30.3, the fifth segmental ring body 30.5 and the seventh segmental ring body 30.7 anticlockwise by a degrees and a is less than 5 through the first gear 31.1, the second gear 31.2, the third gear 31.3 and the fourth gear 31.4, each first clamping plate 22 synchronously rotates the second segmental ring body 30.2, the fourth segmental ring body 30.4 and the sixth segmental ring body 30.6 clockwise by a degrees and each second clamping plate 21 synchronously drives the second segmental ring body 30.2, the fourth segmental ring body 30.4 and the sixth segmental ring body 30.6 clockwise by a degrees and each second clamping plate 21 clockwise by a degrees through the fifth gear 32.1, the reverse side of each first clamping plate 22 and each second clamping plate 21 to form a clamping opening 45 with a larger opening degree again, and the reverse side of each first clamping plate 12.1 is clamped by each first clamping plate 22 and each second clamping plate 21, the PCB 12.1 with the released reverse side facing upwards continues to be conveyed under the conveying of the rear conveyor unit 6;
step seven, shooting the PCB 12.1 with the reverse side upwards horizontally conveyed on the rear conveyor belt unit 6 by the industrial camera 9 on the reverse side of the PCB successively, further shooting the image of the PCB 12.1 with the reverse side upwards by the industrial camera 9 on the reverse side of the PCB, then transmitting the image of the PCB 12.1 with the reverse side upwards to an image processing system, and then judging whether the positions and the intervals of the conducting wires and the elements on the PCB 12.1 with the reverse side upwards are wrong, whether the sizes of the lines and the elements are wrong, whether the shapes of the elements are wrong and whether the plates are stained by the image processing system instead of human eyes, thereby realizing the visual detection on the front side of the PCB; thus, the visual detection of the front and the back of the PCB is completed.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

  1. The automatic visual inspection system for the PCB comprises a camera bellows (15), wherein a visual inspection chamber (8) is arranged inside the camera bellows (15), and an industrial camera is arranged inside the visual inspection chamber (8);
    the method is characterized in that: the lower sides of the front wall and the rear wall of the dark box (15) are respectively provided with a front conveying port (11) and a rear conveying port (7) which penetrate through the interior of the visual detection chamber (8); the conveying device also comprises a front conveying belt unit (1) and a rear conveying belt unit (6) which extend in the same direction, wherein a front conveying surface (13) on the front conveying belt unit (1) is level with a rear conveying surface (14) on the rear conveying belt unit (6); the front conveying surface (13) and the rear conveying surface (14) can horizontally convey the PCB along the length direction;
    the delivery end of the front conveying belt unit (1) passes through the front conveying opening (11) along the front-back direction and horizontally extends into the visual detection chamber (8); the incoming end of the rear conveyor belt unit (6) penetrates through the rear conveying opening (7) along the front-rear direction and horizontally extends into the visual detection chamber (8);
    a plate turning mechanism (4) is arranged in the middle of the bottom surface (2) of the visual detection chamber (8) along the front-back direction, and the plate turning mechanism (4) is positioned between the delivery end of the front conveyor belt unit (1) and the delivery end of the rear conveyor belt unit (6);
    the turnover mechanism (4) can turn over the PCB (12) with the front side facing upwards at the outgoing end of the front conveyor belt unit (1) into the PCB (12.1) with the back side facing upwards, and horizontally convey the PCB (12.1) with the back side facing upwards to the incoming end of the rear conveyor belt unit (6).
  2. 2. The automated visual inspection system of a PCB circuit board of claim 1, wherein: the industrial camera inside the visual inspection chamber (8) comprises a PCB front shooting industrial camera (11) and a PCB back shooting industrial camera (9).
  3. 3. The automated visual inspection system of a PCB circuit board of claim 2, wherein: the industrial camera (10) for shooting the front side of the PCB is positioned right above the front conveying surface (13) of the front conveying belt unit (1); the PCB reverse side shooting industrial camera (9) is positioned right above a rear conveying surface (14) of the rear conveying belt unit (6); the PCB front shooting industrial camera (10) can shoot a PCB (12) with the front side facing upwards and horizontally conveyed on the front conveyor belt unit (1), and the PCB back shooting industrial camera (9) can shoot a PCB (12.1) with the back side facing upwards and horizontally conveyed on the back conveyor belt unit (6).
  4. 4. The automated visual inspection system of a PCB circuit board of claim 2, wherein: front transmission belt side plates (3) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the front transmission belt unit (1), and the upper end of each front transmission belt side plate (3) is higher than the height of the front transmission surface (13); rear transmission belt side plates (5) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rear transmission belt unit (6), and the upper ends of the rear transmission belt side plates (5) are higher than the height of the rear transmission surface (14).
  5. 5. The automated visual inspection system of a PCB circuit board of claim 1, wherein: and an LED visual detection light source is also arranged in the visual detection chamber (8).
  6. 6. The automated visual inspection system of a PCB circuit board of claim 4, wherein: the plate turnover mechanism (4) comprises a horizontal central shaft (17), the axial direction of the central shaft (17) is vertical to the extending direction of the front conveyor unit (1)/the rear conveyor unit (6), and two ends of the central shaft (17) are fixedly supported on the bottom surface (2) of the visual detection chamber (8) through a central shaft bracket (18);
    seven segmental rings are arranged on the central shaft (17) in a coaxial rotating mode through seven ball bearings (20), and are sequentially and respectively a first segmental ring (30.1), a second segmental ring (30.2), a third segmental ring (30.3), a fourth segmental ring (30.4), a fifth segmental ring (30.5), a sixth segmental ring (30.6) and a seventh segmental ring (30.7) along the axis direction of the central shaft (17);
    the first segmental ring body (30.1), the third segmental ring body (30.3), the fifth segmental ring body (30.5) and the seventh segmental ring body (30.7) are identical in structure, and the first segmental ring body (30.1), the third segmental ring body (30.3), the fifth segmental ring body (30.5) and the seventh segmental ring body (30.7) respectively comprise a first segmental ring (35) with a central angle larger than 270 degrees; the first gap width (02) of a first gap (36) on the first segment ring (35) is larger than the thickness of the PCB to be tested; a plurality of first transmission gear bodies (40) are distributed on the outer ring of the first segment ring (35) in an array manner along the circumferential direction; a first inner ring (38) of the first segment ring (35) is coaxially and tightly matched with an outer ring of the ball bearing (20); a first clamping plate (22) extending outwards is fixedly connected with the clockwise end of each first segment ring (35); the clamping surfaces (07) of the first clamping plate (22) on the first segmental ring body (30.1), the third segmental ring body (30.3), the fifth segmental ring body (30.5) and the seventh segmental ring body (30.7) are on the same plane; a first servo motor (23) is supported and arranged on the upper side of the bottom surface (2) through a first servo motor bracket (24), a first output shaft (25) of the first servo motor (23) is parallel to the lower part of the central shaft (17), and a first gear (31.1), a second gear (31.2), a third gear (31.3) and a fourth gear (31.1) are fixedly arranged on the first output shaft (25) coaxially; the first gear (31.1), the second gear (31.2), the third gear (31.3) and the fourth gear (31.4) are respectively in meshing transmission with the first transmission gear body (40) on the first segmental ring body (30.1), the third segmental ring body (30.3), the fifth segmental ring body (30.5) and the seventh segmental ring body (30.7); the first servo motor (23) synchronously drives the first segmental ring body (30.1), the third segmental ring body (30.3), the fifth segmental ring body (30.5) and the seventh segmental ring body (30.7) to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise along the central shaft (17);
    the second segmental ring body (30.2), the fourth segmental ring body (30.4) and the sixth segmental ring body (30.6) are identical in structure, and the second segmental ring body (30.2), the fourth segmental ring body (30.4) and the sixth segmental ring body (30.6) respectively comprise second segmental rings (34) with central angles larger than 270 degrees; the second gap width (01) of a second gap (036) on the second segment ring (34) is greater than the thickness of the PCB to be tested; a plurality of second transmission gear bodies (39) are distributed on the outer ring of the second segment ring (34) in an array manner along the circumferential direction; a second inner ring (37) of the second segment ring (34) is coaxially and tightly matched with an outer ring of the ball bearing (20); a second clamping plate (21) extending outwards is fixedly connected to the anticlockwise end of each second segment ring (34); the clamping surfaces (07) of the second clamping plate (21) on the second segmental ring body (30.2), the fourth segmental ring body (30.4) and the sixth segmental ring body (30.6) are all on the same plane; a second servo motor (26) is supported and arranged on the upper side of the bottom surface (2) through a second servo motor bracket (27), a second output shaft (28) of the second servo motor (26) is parallel to the lower part of the central shaft (17), and a fifth gear (32.1), a sixth gear (32.2) and a seventh gear (32.3) are fixedly arranged on the second output shaft (28) coaxially; the fifth gear (32.1), the sixth gear (32.2) and the seventh gear (32.3) are respectively in meshed transmission with second transmission tooth bodies (39) on the second segmental ring body (30.2), the fourth segmental ring body (30.4) and the sixth segmental ring body (30.6); the second servo motor (26) synchronously drives the second segmental ring body (30.2), the fourth segmental ring body (30.4) and the sixth segmental ring body (30.6) to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise along the central shaft (17);
    when the clamping surface (07) of each first clamping plate (22) and the clamping surface (07) of each second clamping plate (21) are parallel to the front conveying surface (13), the height of the clamping surface (07) of the first clamping plate (22) is equal to that of the front conveying surface (13), and the distance formed between the first clamping plate (22) and each second clamping plate (21) is just the same as the thickness of the PCB.
  7. 7. The automated visual inspection system of a PCB circuit board of claim 6, wherein: the end of the first output shaft (25) is supported on a first bearing seat (19) through a bearing; the end of the second output shaft (28) is supported on a second bearing block (29) by a bearing.
  8. 8. The operating method of the automated visual inspection system of the PCB circuit board of claim 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
    firstly, in an initial state, all first clamping plates (22) and all second clamping plates (21) of a plate turnover mechanism (4) are positioned at one side close to a front conveying belt unit (1), a clamping surface (07) of each first clamping plate (22) and a clamping surface (07) of each second clamping plate (21) are parallel to a front conveying surface (13), and at the moment, the distance between clamping openings (45) formed between each first clamping plate (22) and each second clamping plate (21) is just the same as the thickness of the PCB;
    secondly, horizontally conveying a plurality of PCBs (12) with right sides facing upwards by a front conveying surface (13) of the front conveying belt unit (1) in a direction gradually approaching the panel turnover mechanism (4), simultaneously shooting the PCBs (12) with right sides facing upwards horizontally on the front conveying belt unit (1) by the PCB right-side shooting industrial camera (10), further shooting the images of the PCBs (12) with right sides facing upwards by the PCB right-side shooting industrial camera (10), then conveying the images of the PCBs (12) with right sides facing upwards to an image processing system, and then judging whether positions and intervals of wires and elements on the PCBs (12) with right sides facing upwards are wrong or not, whether sizes of circuits and elements are wrong or not, whether shapes of the elements are wrong or not and whether the plates are stained or not by the image processing system instead of human eyes, so that the visual detection of the right sides of the PCBs is realized;
    step three, when the front conveyor belt unit (1) horizontally conveys one end, close to the board turning mechanism (4), of a first PCB (12) with the right side facing upwards to be in contact with the board turning mechanism (4), the PCB is made of plastic light materials, the PCB can slip on the front conveyor surface (13) when meeting small resistance, the distance between the first clamping plate (22) and the second clamping plate (21) which are parallel to each other in the initial state is equal to the thickness of the PCB, and one end, close to the board turning mechanism (4), of the first PCB (12) with the right side facing upwards cannot be smoothly inserted into clamping openings (45) formed between the first clamping plate (22) and the second clamping plates (21) due to friction force;
    at the moment, a first servo motor (23) and a second servo motor (26) are controlled, the first servo motor (23) synchronizes a first segmental ring body (30.1), a third segmental ring body (30.3), a fifth segmental ring body (30.5) and a seventh segmental ring body (30.7) through a first gear (31.1), a second gear (31.2), a third gear (31.3) and a fourth gear (31.4) to rotate anticlockwise a degrees, a is less than 5, each first clamping plate (22) rotates anticlockwise a degrees, meanwhile, the second servo motor (26) synchronously drives a second segmental ring body (30.2), a fourth segmental ring body (30.4) and a sixth segmental ring body (30.6) to rotate clockwise a degrees through a fifth gear (32.1), a sixth gear (32.2) and a seventh gear (32.3), each second clamping plate (21) rotates clockwise, and a gap between each first clamping plate (22) and each second clamping plate (21) is increased by 45 degrees, at the moment, one end of the first PCB (12) with the right side upward, which is close to the plate turnover mechanism (4), is inserted into a clamping opening (45) formed between each first clamping plate (22) and each second clamping plate (21) without resistance under the horizontal transmission of the front transmission surface (13), wherein the opening degree of the clamping opening is larger than that of the clamping opening (45) in the initial state, until one end of the first PCB (12) with the right side upward, which is close to the plate turnover mechanism (4), is jacked to the outer ring of the ball bearing (20) in the clamping opening (45) and then is stopped;
    step four, controlling a first servo motor (23) and a second servo motor (26), wherein the first servo motor (23) synchronizes a first segmental ring body (30.1), a third segmental ring body (30.3), a fifth segmental ring body (30.5) and a seventh segmental ring body (30.7) through a first gear (31.1), a third segmental ring body (30.3), the fifth segmental ring body (30.5) and the seventh segmental ring body (30.7) to rotate a degrees clockwise, and the first clamping plates (22) rotate a degrees clockwise, and meanwhile, the second servo motor (26) synchronously drives the second segmental ring body (30.2), the fourth segmental ring body (30.4) and the sixth segmental ring body (30.6) to rotate counterclockwise, and the second clamping plates (21) rotate a degrees counterclockwise; at the moment, the clamping openings (45) between each first clamping plate (22) and each second clamping plate (21) are gradually folded to be in an initial state of 'step one', the distance between the clamping openings (45) formed between each first clamping plate (22) and each second clamping plate (21) is just the same as the thickness of the PCB, and in 'step three', one end, close to the plate turnover mechanism (4), of the first PCB (12) with the right side upward is horizontally inserted into the clamping openings (45) between each first clamping plate (22) and each second clamping plate (21), so that one end, with the right side upward, of the first PCB (12) is completely clamped by each first clamping plate (22) and each second clamping plate (21);
    step five, controlling the first servo motor (23) and the second servo motor (26), and keeping the output rotating speeds of the first servo motor (23) and the second servo motor (26) to be synchronous and equal all the time in the step; the first servo motor (23) synchronously drives the first segmental ring body (30.1), the third segmental ring body (30.3), the fifth segmental ring body (30.5) and the seventh segmental ring body (30.7) to rotate 180 degrees clockwise through the first gear (31.1), the second gear (31.2), the third segmental ring body (31.3) and the fourth gear (31.4), and meanwhile the second servo motor (26) synchronously drives the second segmental ring body (30.2), the fourth segmental ring body (30.4) and the sixth segmental ring body (30.6) to synchronously rotate 180 degrees clockwise through the fifth gear (32.1), the sixth gear (32.2) and the seventh gear (32.3); at the moment, each first clamping plate (22) and each second clamping plate (21) synchronously rotate 180 degrees clockwise, at the moment, the first PCB (12) with the upward front face rotates 180 degrees clockwise along the central shaft (17) under the clamping of each first clamping plate (22) and each second clamping plate (21), the PCB (12) with the upward front face rotating 180 degrees clockwise along the central shaft (17) is turned over, a PCB (12.1) with the upward reverse face is formed, and the PCB (12.1) with the upward reverse face horizontally contacts the rear conveying face (14) of the rear conveyor belt unit (6);
    step six, the first servo motor (23) and the second servo motor (26) are controlled at the moment, the first servo motor (23) synchronizes the first segmental ring body (30.1), the third segmental ring body (30.3), the fifth segmental ring body (30.5) and the seventh segmental ring body (30.7) through the first gear (31.1), the third segmental ring body (30.2), the fifth segmental ring body (30.5) and the seventh segmental ring body (30.7) to rotate anticlockwise a degrees, a is less than 5, each first clamping plate (22) rotates anticlockwise a degrees, meanwhile, the second servo motor (26) synchronously drives the second segmental ring body (30.2), the fourth segmental ring body (30.4) and the sixth segmental ring body (30.6) to rotate clockwise a degrees through the fifth gear (32.1), the sixth gear (32.2) and the seventh gear (32.3), each second clamping plate (21) rotates clockwise a degrees, and the opening between each first clamping plate (22) and each second clamping plate (21) is increased by 45 degrees, the PCB (12.1) with the reverse side facing upwards is changed into a release state from a state clamped by the first clamping plates (22) and the second clamping plates (21), and the PCB (12.1) with the reverse side facing upwards released at the time continues to be conveyed under the conveying of the rear conveyor belt unit (6);
    step seven, shooting the PCB with the industrial camera (9) on the back side to shoot the PCB (12.1) which is horizontally conveyed on the rear conveyor belt unit (6) and faces upwards successively, further shooting the industrial camera (9) on the back side of the PCB to obtain an image of the PCB (12.1) with the back side facing upwards, then sending the image of the PCB (12.1) with the back side facing upwards to an image processing system, and then judging whether the positions and the intervals of the wires and the elements on the PCB (12.1) with the back side facing upwards are wrong or not, whether the sizes of the lines and the elements are wrong or not, whether the shapes of the elements are wrong or not and whether the PCB is stained or not by the image processing system instead of human eyes, thereby realizing the visual detection; thus, the visual detection of the front and the back of the PCB is completed.
CN202010159645.5A 2020-03-10 2020-03-10 Automatic visual inspection system for PCB (printed circuit board) and working method thereof Withdrawn CN111351803A (en)

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CN112485375A (en) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-12 梅州市奔创电子有限公司 Detection device for high-density HDI laminated plate and use method
CN113277264A (en) * 2021-04-27 2021-08-20 深圳市瑞之辰科技有限公司 Transmission device with multi-angle dustproof structure for electronic material processing
CN117517345A (en) * 2024-01-04 2024-02-06 深圳市建滔科技有限公司 Automatic detection device for PCBA circuit board

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN113277264A (en) * 2021-04-27 2021-08-20 深圳市瑞之辰科技有限公司 Transmission device with multi-angle dustproof structure for electronic material processing
CN113277264B (en) * 2021-04-27 2022-12-02 深圳市瑞之辰科技有限公司 Transmission device with multi-angle dustproof structure for electronic material processing
CN117517345A (en) * 2024-01-04 2024-02-06 深圳市建滔科技有限公司 Automatic detection device for PCBA circuit board
CN117517345B (en) * 2024-01-04 2024-04-02 深圳市建滔科技有限公司 Automatic detection device for PCBA circuit board

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