CN111350478B - Oil production method and device - Google Patents
Oil production method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111350478B CN111350478B CN201811569594.2A CN201811569594A CN111350478B CN 111350478 B CN111350478 B CN 111350478B CN 201811569594 A CN201811569594 A CN 201811569594A CN 111350478 B CN111350478 B CN 111350478B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 208
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 200
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 163
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/166—Injecting a gaseous medium; Injecting a gaseous medium and a liquid medium
- E21B43/168—Injecting a gaseous medium
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oil production method and device, and belongs to the technical field of oil reservoir development. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the underground deficit volume of the oil well is obtained based on the accumulated oil production of the oil well, the first gas injection quantity is further obtained, natural gas with the volume being the first gas injection quantity is injected into the oil well so as to fill the underground deficit in the oil well, the oil well is closed for a period of time, the injected natural gas can be fully dissolved with crude oil in the oil well, the crude oil is expanded, the pressure in the well is further increased, then production is started, the production speed of the crude oil can be accelerated during production, the production period is fully prolonged, and the yield of a single well is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil reservoir development, in particular to an oil extraction method and device.
Background
In the oil deposit development process, along with oil gas from being produced in the hydrocarbon reservoir, the drive power in hydrocarbon reservoir can reduce gradually, simultaneously, can form a series of passageways in the oil deposit, when the natural energy of oil deposit reduces to unable continuation production, resumes the drive power of oil reservoir through the mode of media such as injecting water into the oil reservoir usually to improve the production speed and the single well output of this oil reservoir.
However, many reservoirs are not suitable for production by water flooding, such as deep ultra-low permeability reservoirs, which have the characteristics of deep burial, broken block, poor physical properties, etc., and the deep ultra-low permeability broken block reservoirs have small pores or throats, are difficult to flood, have low reserve utilization degree, so that effective development cannot be realized by using the conventional water flooding method, and lack of effective production increasing measures, so that the reservoirs are produced at low speed and low efficiency after natural energy failure.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an oil extraction method and device, which can solve the problem that the oil deposit which cannot be effectively developed by the conventional water injection method lacks effective production increasing measures, so that the oil deposit is produced at low speed and low efficiency after natural energy is exhausted. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, a method of recovering oil is provided, the method comprising:
acquiring the accumulated oil production of an oil well, wherein the depth of the oil well is within a preset depth range, the permeability of the oil well is lower than a preset permeability threshold, and the accumulated oil production refers to the total mass of crude oil produced by the oil well;
obtaining a crude oil volume coefficient, a ground crude oil relative density and a water content of crude oil produced by the oil well, wherein the crude oil volume coefficient refers to the ratio of the volume of the crude oil with the same mass in the ground to the volume of the crude oil degassed on the ground, the ground crude oil relative density refers to the ratio of the density of the crude oil under a ground standard condition to the density of pure water with the temperature of 4 ℃, and the water content refers to the mass ratio of water in the crude oil;
acquiring the underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production, the volume coefficient of the crude oil, the relative density of the ground crude oil and the water content, wherein the underground deficit volume refers to the difference between the underground volume occupied by the injection and the underground volume occupied by the extraction;
obtaining the natural gas volume multiple of the oil well, wherein the natural gas volume multiple refers to the ratio of the volume of the same mass of the natural gas under the standard atmospheric pressure to the volume of the same mass of the natural gas under the ground;
acquiring a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple;
injecting natural gas with the first gas injection volume into the oil well based on a preset gas injection pressure;
closing the well;
and when the time that the oil well is in the closed state exceeds the preset time length, enabling the oil well to start producing.
In one possible implementation, after the well is put into production for a time period exceeding a preset time period, the method further comprises:
monitoring the daily oil production of the oil well, wherein the daily oil production refers to the quality of crude oil produced by the oil well on a single day;
when the daily oil yield of the oil well is lower than a preset daily oil yield threshold value, the production process of the oil well is suspended;
acquiring a second preset multiple of the first gas injection quantity as a second gas injection quantity;
injecting natural gas with the volume of the second gas injection quantity into the oil well based on the preset gas injection pressure;
closing the well;
and when the time that the oil well is in the closed state exceeds the preset time length, enabling the oil well to start producing.
In one possible implementation, the causing the well to begin producing includes, when the time the well is in the shut-down state exceeds a preset time period:
during the production of the well, the ratio between the volume of natural gas produced per unit time and the mass of crude oil in the well is less than a preset ratio.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining the subsurface deficit volume of the well based on the cumulative oil production, the crude oil volume factor, the surface crude oil relative density, and the water cut comprises:
and acquiring the underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production, the volume coefficient of the crude oil, the relative density of the surface crude oil, the water content and the following formula:
wherein, VpRepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares;
Nprepresents the cumulative oil production in tons;
Bothe volume coefficient of the crude oil is expressed and is dimensionless;
ρgrepresents the relative density of the crude oil on the ground without dimension;
WC represents the water content, dimensionless.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining a first injection quantity based on the subsurface deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple, and a first preset multiple includes:
obtaining a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple and the following formula:
Vg＝NVpBg
wherein, VgRepresenting a first gas injection amount in units of ten thousand squares;
n represents the first preset multiple and is dimensionless;
Vprepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares;
Bgthe natural gas is expressed by volume multiple and is dimensionless.
In one aspect, there is provided an oil recovery device, the device comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the accumulated oil production of an oil well, wherein the depth of the oil well is within a preset depth range, the permeability of the oil well is lower than a preset permeability threshold value, and the accumulated oil production refers to the total quality of crude oil produced by the oil well;
the data acquisition module is also used for acquiring a crude oil volume coefficient, a ground crude oil relative density and a water content of crude oil produced by the oil well, wherein the crude oil volume coefficient refers to the ratio of the volume of the crude oil with the same mass in the ground to the volume of the crude oil degassed on the ground, the ground crude oil relative density refers to the ratio of the density of the crude oil under the ground standard condition to the density of pure water with the temperature of 4 ℃, and the water content refers to the mass ratio of water in the crude oil;
the underground deficit volume acquisition module is used for acquiring the underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production, the crude oil volume coefficient, the ground crude oil relative density and the water content, wherein the underground deficit volume refers to the difference between the underground volume occupied by the injection and the underground volume occupied by the extraction;
the data acquisition module is also used for acquiring the volume multiple of the natural gas of the oil well, wherein the volume multiple of the natural gas refers to the ratio of the volume of the natural gas with the same mass under the standard atmospheric pressure to the volume under the ground;
the gas injection quantity acquisition module is used for acquiring first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple;
the natural gas injection module is used for injecting natural gas with the volume of the first gas injection amount into the oil well based on preset gas injection pressure;
a well control module for closing the well;
the oil well control module is also used for enabling the oil well to start producing when the time that the oil well is in the closed state exceeds the preset time length.
In one possible implementation, the apparatus is further configured to:
the data acquisition module is also used for monitoring the daily oil yield of the oil well, wherein the daily oil yield refers to the quality of the crude oil produced by the oil well on a single day;
the oil well control module is also used for suspending the production process of the oil well when the daily oil yield of the oil well is lower than a preset daily oil yield threshold value;
the gas injection quantity acquisition module is also used for acquiring a second preset multiple of the first gas injection quantity as a second gas injection quantity;
the natural gas injection module is also used for injecting natural gas with the volume of the second gas injection amount into the oil well based on the preset gas injection pressure;
the oil well control module is also used for closing the oil well;
the oil well control module is also used for enabling the oil well to start producing when the time that the oil well is in the closed state exceeds the preset time length.
In one possible implementation, the well control module is to: and in the production process of the oil well, the ratio of the volume of the natural gas produced in the oil well per unit time to the mass of the crude oil is smaller than a preset ratio.
In one possible implementation, the subsurface deficit volume acquisition module is to:
and acquiring the underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production, the volume coefficient of the crude oil, the relative density of the surface crude oil, the water content and the following formula:
wherein, VpRepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares;
Nprepresents the cumulative oil production in tons;
Bothe volume coefficient of the crude oil is expressed and is dimensionless;
ρgrepresents the relative density of the crude oil on the ground without dimension;
WC represents the water content, dimensionless.
In one possible implementation, the gas injection amount obtaining module is configured to:
obtaining a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple and the following formula:
Vg＝NVpBg
wherein, VgRepresenting a first gas injection amount in units of ten thousand squares;
n represents the first preset multiple and is dimensionless;
Vprepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares;
Bgthe natural gas is expressed by volume multiple and is dimensionless.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method provided by the embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the underground deficit volume of the oil well is obtained based on the accumulated oil production of the oil well, the first gas injection quantity is further obtained, natural gas with the volume being the first gas injection quantity is injected into the oil well so as to fill the underground deficit in the oil well, the oil well is closed for a period of time, the injected natural gas can be fully dissolved with crude oil in the oil well, the crude oil is expanded, the pressure in the well is further increased, then production is started, the production speed of the crude oil can be accelerated during production, the production period is fully prolonged, and the yield of a single well is increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of oil recovery provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of recovering oil provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for recovering oil according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the method may be applied to a computer apparatus, and referring to fig. 1, the embodiment includes:
101. and acquiring the accumulated oil production of the oil well.
The depth of the oil well is in a preset depth range, the permeability of the oil well is lower than a preset permeability threshold value, and the accumulated oil production refers to the total mass of crude oil produced by the oil well.
102. And acquiring the volume coefficient of crude oil, the relative density of the ground crude oil and the water content of the crude oil produced by the oil well.
Wherein, the crude oil volume coefficient refers to the ratio of the volume of the crude oil with the same mass in the ground to the volume of the crude oil degassed on the ground, the ground crude oil relative density refers to the ratio of the density of the crude oil under the ground standard condition to the density of pure water with the temperature of 4 ℃, and the water content refers to the mass ratio of water in the crude oil.
103. And acquiring the underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production, the crude oil volume coefficient, the ground crude oil relative density and the water content.
Wherein the underground deficit volume is the difference between the underground volume occupied by the injection and the underground volume occupied by the extraction.
104. And acquiring the natural gas volume multiple of the oil well.
Wherein the volume multiple of the natural gas refers to the ratio of the volume of the same mass of the natural gas at standard atmospheric pressure to the volume in the ground.
105. And acquiring a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple.
106. And injecting natural gas with the first gas injection volume into the oil well based on the preset gas injection pressure.
107. The well was shut in.
108. And when the time that the oil well is in the closed state exceeds the preset time length, enabling the oil well to start producing.
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the underground deficit volume of the oil well is obtained based on the accumulated oil production of the oil well, the first gas injection quantity is further obtained, natural gas with the volume being the first gas injection quantity is injected into the oil well so as to fill the underground deficit in the oil well, the oil well is closed for a period of time, the injected natural gas can be fully dissolved with crude oil in the oil well, the crude oil is expanded, the pressure in the well is further increased, then production is started, the production speed of the crude oil can be accelerated during production, the production period is fully prolonged, and the yield of a single well is increased.
In one possible implementation, after the well is put into production for a time period exceeding a preset time period, the method further comprises: monitoring the daily oil production of the oil well, wherein the daily oil production refers to the quality of crude oil produced by the oil well on a single day; when the daily oil yield of the oil well is lower than a preset daily oil yield threshold value, the production process of the oil well is suspended; acquiring a second preset multiple of the first gas injection quantity as a second gas injection quantity; injecting natural gas with the volume of the second gas injection quantity into the oil well based on the preset gas injection pressure; closing the well; and when the time that the oil well is in the closed state exceeds the preset time, enabling the oil well to start producing.
In one possible implementation, the causing the well to begin producing includes, when the time the well is in the shut-down state exceeds a preset time period: during the production of the well, the ratio between the volume of natural gas produced per unit time and the mass of crude oil in the well is less than a preset ratio.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining the subsurface deficit volume of the well based on the cumulative oil production, the crude oil volume factor, the surface crude oil relative density, and the water cut comprises: and acquiring the underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production, the volume coefficient of the crude oil, the relative density of the surface crude oil, the water content and the following formula:
wherein, VpThe underground deficit volume is expressed in units of ten thousand squares; n is a radical ofpRepresents the cumulative oil production in tons; boThe volume coefficient of the crude oil is expressed and is dimensionless; rhogRepresents the relative density of the crude oil on the ground without dimension; WC represents the water content, dimensionless.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining a first injection quantity based on the subsurface deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple, and a first preset multiple includes: obtaining a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple and the following formula:
Vg＝NVpBg
wherein, VgRepresenting a first gas injection amount in units of ten thousand standard squares; n represents the first preset multiple and is dimensionless; vpRepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares; b isgExpressing the volume times of the natural gasNumber, dimensionless.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an oil recovery method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method may be applied to a computer device, see fig. 2, the embodiment comprising:
201. and acquiring the accumulated oil production of the oil well.
The depth of the oil well is within a preset depth range, the permeability of the oil well is lower than a preset permeability threshold value, and the accumulated oil production refers to the total mass of crude oil produced by the oil well. The data may be obtained in various ways, for example, the cumulative oil production may be obtained by summing the daily oil production of the oil well since production, or obtained in other ways, which is not limited in this embodiment. The oil reservoir has the characteristics of deep burial, broken block, poor physical properties and the like, and the deep ultra-low permeability broken block oil reservoir has small pores or throats, is difficult to inject water and has low reserve utilization degree, so that the effective development cannot be realized by adopting a conventional water injection method. Wherein, the depth refers to the distance from the liquid level of crude oil in the oil well to the ground, the permeability refers to the capacity of rock for allowing fluid to pass through under a certain pressure difference, and the accumulated oil production is used for calculating the underground deficit volume of the oil well so as to calculate the injection amount of natural gas. For example, the depth of the well may be in the range of 3000 to 4500 meters below the surface, and the permeability of the well may be 1 to 10 millidarcies.
In one possible implementation, the temperature of the oil well is lower than a preset temperature, the viscosity of the formation crude oil in the oil well is lower than a preset viscosity threshold, the saturation of the original crude oil in the oil well is higher than a preset threshold, the original gas-oil ratio is higher than a preset threshold, the annual average oil production in the initial spontaneous injection period is higher than a preset annual average oil production threshold, and the water content is lower than a preset water content threshold. Wherein, the formation crude oil viscosity refers to the ratio of shear stress per unit area to velocity gradient at any point in crude oil, the original crude oil saturation refers to the degree of fluid fullness in rock pores of a reservoir, the original gas-oil ratio refers to the ratio of the volume of original natural gas in the reservoir to the mass of the crude oil, the initial flowing period refers to the stage of production without other modes but only depending on the formation pressure, and the annual average oil yield refers to the average oil yield per yearThe oil mass and the water content are mass ratios of water in the produced crude oil. The oil well has lower oil reservoir reserve utilization rate and smaller pores or throats which can be used for water injection, so that the water injection development speed is slower and the single well yield is lower, and the oil well is more suitable for improving the production speed and the single well yield by adopting the oil extraction method provided by the embodiment. Moreover, the historical production mode of the oil well with the characteristics is usually self-injection production, and the implemented formation pressure supplement measures are less and are not easy to implement. For example, the temperature of the well may be less than 160 degrees Celsius, the viscosity of the formation crude oil in the well may be less than 2 mPas, the original crude oil saturation in the well may be greater than 50%, and the original gas to oil ratio may be greater than 150m3The annual average oil production during the initial self-spray period may be greater than 2000 tons and the water content may be less than 30%.
202. And acquiring the volume coefficient of crude oil, the relative density of the ground crude oil and the water content of the crude oil produced by the oil well.
Wherein, the crude oil volume coefficient refers to the ratio of the volume of crude oil with the same mass in the ground to the volume of the crude oil degassed on the ground, the ground crude oil relative density refers to the ratio of the density of the crude oil to the density of pure water with the temperature of 4 ℃ under the ground standard condition, and the water content refers to the mass ratio of water in the crude oil. The data may be obtained in various ways, for example, by performing comprehensive analysis on the stored crude oil data, or may be obtained in other ways, which is not limited in this embodiment, and the data is used to calculate the subsurface deficit volume of the oil well.
203. And acquiring the underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production, the crude oil volume coefficient, the ground crude oil relative density and the water content.
Wherein the underground deficit volume is the difference between the underground volume occupied by the injection and the underground volume occupied by the extraction. Based on the underground deficit volume, the volume of the natural gas to be injected can be accurately determined, and the situation that the oil well cannot normally produce due to too little injected natural gas or waste is caused due to too much injected natural gas is avoided. In one possible implementation, the specific process of obtaining the subsurface deficit volume of the well may be:
and acquiring the underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production, the volume coefficient of the crude oil, the relative density of the surface crude oil, the water content and the following formula:
wherein, VpRepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares; n is a radical ofpRepresents the cumulative oil production in tons; b isoThe volume coefficient of the crude oil is expressed and is dimensionless; rhogRepresents the relative density of the crude oil on the ground without dimension; WC represents the water content, dimensionless.
In one possible implementation, the thickness and porosity of the reservoir in the well may also be obtained to obtain the treatment radius. The reservoir thickness refers to the thickness of a part with industrial oil production capacity in a reservoir, the porosity refers to the ratio of the sum of all pore space volumes in a rock sample to the volume of the rock sample, and based on the data, the underground deficit volume and the following formula, a processing radius can be obtained, the processing radius refers to the radius of a downhole area which can be processed by the oil production method provided by the embodiment, the processing radius is obtained, a site selection basis can be provided for the production of other subsequent oil wells, the repeated production of some production areas or the omission of some production areas can be avoided, and the obtaining process of the processing radius can be as follows:
wherein, VpRepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares; rpRepresents the treatment radius in meters; h is the oil layer thickness in meters;
refers to porosity, dimensionless.
204. And acquiring the natural gas volume multiple of the oil well.
Wherein the volume multiple of the natural gas refers to the ratio of the volume of the same mass of the natural gas at standard atmospheric pressure to the volume in the ground. The natural gas volume multiple may be obtained in various different manners, for example, the natural gas volume multiple may be obtained by a multiple relationship between the underground pressure and the standard atmospheric pressure, or may be obtained in other manners, which is not limited in this embodiment, and the natural gas volume multiple is used for eliminating an influence on accuracy of the gas injection amount due to different pressures on the ground and the underground in a subsequent gas injection amount obtaining process.
205. And acquiring a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple.
The first preset multiple is obtained based on the initial pressure of the oil layer, and a target pressure at which the oil well can normally produce may be obtained based on the first preset multiple, for example, the first preset multiple may be 0.4 to 0.8, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Obtaining a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple and the following formula:
Vg＝NVpBg
wherein, VgRepresenting a first gas injection amount in units of ten thousand squares; n represents the first preset multiple and is dimensionless; vpRepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares; b isgThe natural gas is expressed by volume multiple and is dimensionless.
The first amount of insufflation represents: the total amount of natural gas injected into the well is required to meet production requirements. Based on the first amount of gas injection, natural gas is injected into the well in a rational manner in a subsequent step.
206. And injecting natural gas with the first gas injection volume into the oil well based on the preset gas injection pressure.
Specifically, the natural gas can be injected into the oil well at a certain injection speed and a certain injection time based on the depth of the oil well so as to fill the underground deficit in the oil well and increase the underground pressure, that is, the computer device controls the corresponding gas injection device based on the magnitude of the gas injection pressure so as to inject the natural gas into the oil well by adopting a proper gas injection process. For example, the injection rate may be 1 to 3 kilo-cubes, the gas injection time may be 30 to 180 days, and the gas injection pressure may be 35 to 45 megapascals, in order to enable the natural gas to be sufficiently dissolved with the crude oil in the well. The natural gas is injected into the oil well, so that the natural gas injection method has the characteristics of easiness in injection, no damage to a reservoir, capability of effectively improving the pressure of the oil production well in the near well zone, capability of improving the flowability of crude oil and the like.
207. The well is shut in.
The closed oil well means that the oil well is in a closed state for a period of time and then is produced, the mode is favorable for fully dissolving injected natural gas and crude oil in the oil well, so that the crude oil is expanded, the pressure in the well is further improved, preparation is made for subsequent production, the production speed is accelerated, the production period is fully prolonged, and the yield of a single well is improved.
208. And when the time that the oil well is in the closed state exceeds the preset time length, enabling the oil well to start producing.
Particularly, because the pressure in the oil well is higher, the production can be carried out by adopting a self-blowing mode, and the self-blowing mode has simple lifting process and is convenient to implement.
In one possible implementation, during production of the well, the ratio between the volume of natural gas produced per unit time of the well and the mass of crude oil is less than a preset ratio. The predetermined ratio can reflect the production efficiency of the oil recovery method, for example, the predetermined ratio can be 1000m3When the gas-oil ratio is larger than the preset ratio, parameters in the production process can be adjusted, for example, the diameter of a production nozzle can be increased, so that the oil production and the production efficiency are improved.
The above steps are described by taking the first production cycle in the oil recovery method as an example, the oil recovery method may further include a plurality of subsequent production cycles, and the specific steps of the plurality of subsequent production cycles are different from those of the first production cycle.
209. The daily oil production of the well is monitored.
The daily oil yield can reflect the production efficiency of the oil well, and further reflects whether the natural gas in the oil well meets the requirement or not.
210. And when the daily oil yield of the oil well is lower than a preset daily oil yield threshold value, the production process of the oil well is suspended.
When the daily oil yield of the oil well is obtained, whether the daily oil yield is lower than a preset daily oil yield threshold value or not is judged, and when the daily oil yield is lower than the preset daily oil yield threshold value, the fact that natural gas in the oil well is insufficient is proved, production is suspended, and a certain amount of natural gas is supplemented into the oil well to improve production efficiency.
211. The second preset multiple of the first gas injection quantity is obtained as a second gas injection quantity.
In this case, although the well has produced a certain quality of crude oil, a large amount of natural gas remains in the well, so the second amount of gas injection required may be different from the first amount of gas injection, e.g., the second amount of gas injection may be 80% -90% of the first amount of gas injection, and so on, each cycle of gas injection may be 80% -90% of the previous cycle of gas injection.
212. And injecting natural gas with the volume of the second gas injection amount into the oil well based on the preset gas injection pressure.
213. The well is shut in.
214. And when the time that the oil well is in the closed state exceeds the preset time length, enabling the oil well to start producing.
The specific processes of steps 212-214 are similar to those of steps 206-208 described above, and are not described herein again.
215. The above steps 209 to 214 are executed in a cycle.
And detecting the periodic oil change rate of the oil well after each execution period, and stopping injecting natural gas into the oil well when the periodic oil change rate of the current period is smaller than a preset oil change rate threshold value, so that the oil well continues to produce. Wherein the cycle oil change rate refers to the ratio of the mass of crude oil produced in the cycle to the volume of natural gas injected in the cycle.
All the above optional technical solutions may be combined arbitrarily to form the optional embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not described herein again.
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the underground deficit volume of the oil well is obtained based on the accumulated oil production of the oil well, the first gas injection quantity is further obtained, natural gas with the volume being the first gas injection quantity is injected into the oil well so as to fill the underground deficit in the oil well, the oil well is closed for a period of time, the injected natural gas can be fully dissolved with crude oil in the oil well, the crude oil is expanded, the pressure in the well is further increased, then production is started, the production speed of the crude oil can be accelerated during production, the production period is fully prolonged, and the yield of a single well is increased. Furthermore, the oil recovery method can also comprise a plurality of subsequent production periods, and in the production process of each production period, when the daily oil yield is lower than the preset daily oil yield threshold, the production is suspended and natural gas is injected into the oil well in time, so that the production speed and the single-well yield of the oil well can be further improved.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil recovery device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 3, the device includes:
the data acquisition module 301 is configured to acquire an accumulated oil production of an oil well, where a depth of the oil well is within a preset depth range, a permeability of the oil well is lower than a preset permeability threshold, and the accumulated oil production refers to a total quality of crude oil produced by the oil well.
The data obtaining module 301 is further configured to obtain a crude oil volume coefficient, a ground crude oil relative density, and a water content of the crude oil produced by the oil well, where the crude oil volume coefficient refers to a ratio of a volume of the same mass of the crude oil in the ground to a volume of the crude oil degassed on the ground, the ground crude oil relative density refers to a ratio of a density of the crude oil under a ground standard condition to a density of pure water at a temperature of 4 ℃, and the water content refers to a mass ratio of water in the crude oil.
And an underground deficit volume obtaining module 302, configured to obtain an underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production, the crude oil volume coefficient, the ground crude oil relative density, and the water content, where the underground deficit volume is a difference between an underground volume occupied by the injection and an underground volume occupied by the produced object.
The data acquisition module 301 is further configured to acquire a gas volume multiple of the oil well, where the gas volume multiple is a ratio of a volume of the same mass of the gas at a standard atmospheric pressure to a volume of the gas in the ground.
And a gas injection quantity obtaining module 303, configured to obtain a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple, and a first preset multiple.
And a natural gas injection module 304, configured to inject natural gas with the first injection volume into the oil well based on a preset injection pressure.
A well control module 305 for shutting down the well.
The well control module 305 is further configured to initiate production from the well when the well is closed for a time period exceeding a predetermined time period.
In one possible implementation, the apparatus is further configured to: the data acquisition module 301 is further configured to monitor a daily oil yield of the oil well, where the daily oil yield is a quality of crude oil produced by the oil well on a single day; the well control module 305 is further configured to suspend the production process of the well when the daily oil production of the well is lower than a preset daily oil production threshold; the gas injection amount obtaining module 303 is further configured to obtain a second preset multiple of the first gas injection amount as a second gas injection amount; the natural gas injection module 304 is further configured to inject natural gas with the volume of the second injection amount into the oil well based on the preset gas injection pressure; the well control module 305, also for closing the well; the well control module 305 is further configured to initiate production from the well when the well is closed for a time period exceeding a predetermined time period.
In one possible implementation, the well control module 305 is configured to: and in the production process of the oil well, the ratio of the volume of the natural gas produced in the oil well per unit time to the mass of the crude oil is smaller than a preset ratio.
In one possible implementation, the subsurface deficit volume acquisition module 302 is to: and acquiring the underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production, the volume coefficient of the crude oil, the relative density of the surface crude oil, the water content and the following formula:
wherein, VpRepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares; n is a radical ofpRepresents the cumulative oil production in tons; b isoThe volume coefficient of the crude oil is expressed and is dimensionless; rhogRepresents the relative density of the crude oil on the ground without dimension; WC represents the water content, dimensionless.
In one possible implementation, the gas injection amount obtaining module 303 is configured to: obtaining a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple and the following formula:
Vg＝NVpBg
wherein, VgRepresenting a first gas injection amount in units of ten thousand squares;
n represents the first preset multiple and is dimensionless;
Vprepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares;
Bgthe natural gas is expressed by volume multiple and is dimensionless.
It should be noted that: in the oil extraction device provided in the above embodiment, only the division of the functional modules is exemplified when oil extraction is performed, and in practical applications, the function distribution may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the equipment is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the oil extraction device and the oil extraction method provided by the embodiment belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is described in the method embodiment and is not described herein again.
The device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for acquiring the underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production of the oil well, further acquiring the first gas injection quantity, injecting the natural gas with the volume of the first gas injection quantity into the oil well so as to fill the underground deficit in the oil well, closing the oil well for a period of time, fully dissolving the injected natural gas with the crude oil in the oil well, expanding the crude oil, further improving the pressure in the well, then starting production, accelerating the production speed of the crude oil during production, fully prolonging the production period and improving the yield of a single well.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the computer device 400 may generate a relatively large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more processors (CPUs) 401 and one or more memories 402, where the memory 402 stores at least one instruction, and the at least one instruction is loaded and executed by the processors 401 to implement the methods provided by the above method embodiments. Certainly, the computer device may further have a wired or wireless network interface, a keyboard, an input/output interface, and other components to facilitate input and output, and the computer device may further include other components for implementing functions of the device, which are not described herein again.
In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium, such as a memory, is also provided that includes instructions executable by a processor in a computer device to perform the oil recovery method of the above embodiments. For example, the computer readable storage medium may be a ROM, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, and the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A method for recovering oil, the method comprising:
acquiring the accumulated oil yield of an oil well, wherein the depth of the oil well is within a preset depth range, the permeability of the oil well is lower than a preset permeability threshold, the accumulated oil yield refers to the total mass of crude oil produced by the oil well, the viscosity of formation crude oil in the oil well is less than 2 mPas, and the viscosity of the formation crude oil refers to the ratio of shear stress per unit area to velocity gradient at any point in the crude oil;
acquiring a crude oil volume coefficient, a ground crude oil relative density and a water content of crude oil produced by the oil well, wherein the crude oil volume coefficient refers to the ratio of the volume of the crude oil with the same mass in the ground to the volume of the crude oil after being degassed on the ground, the ground crude oil relative density refers to the ratio of the density of the crude oil under a ground standard condition to the density of pure water with the temperature of 4 ℃, and the water content refers to the mass ratio of water in the crude oil;
acquiring the underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production, the crude oil volume coefficient, the ground crude oil relative density, the water content and the following formula, wherein the underground deficit volume refers to the difference between the underground volume occupied by the injection and the underground volume occupied by the produced matter;
wherein, VpRepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares;
Nprepresenting the accumulated oil production in tons;
Borepresents the volume coefficient of the crude oil, and is dimensionless;
ρgrepresents the relative density of the crude oil on the ground without dimension;
WC represents the water content, dimensionless;
obtaining a natural gas volume multiple of the oil well, wherein the natural gas volume multiple refers to a ratio of a volume of the same mass of the natural gas at standard atmospheric pressure to a volume of the same mass of the natural gas in the ground;
acquiring a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple;
injecting natural gas with the volume of the first gas injection amount into the oil well based on a preset gas injection pressure;
closing the well;
when the time of the oil well in the closed state exceeds the preset time length, enabling the oil well to start producing;
the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring the thickness of an oil layer in the oil well and the porosity, wherein the thickness of the oil layer refers to the thickness of a part with industrial oil production capacity in a reservoir, and the porosity refers to the ratio of the sum of all pore space volumes in a rock sample to the volume of the rock sample;
obtaining a treatment radius based on the reservoir thickness, the porosity, the subsurface deficit volume, and a formula, wherein the treatment radius refers to a radius of a downhole region capable of treatment;
wherein, VpRepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares; rpRepresents the treatment radius in meters; h is the oil layer thickness in meters;
refers to porosity, dimensionless.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after said causing the well to begin producing when the time the well is in the shut-down state exceeds a preset time period, the method further comprises:
monitoring the daily oil production of the oil well, wherein the daily oil production refers to the quality of crude oil produced by the oil well on a single day;
when the daily oil yield of the oil well is lower than a preset daily oil yield threshold value, the production process of the oil well is suspended;
acquiring a second preset multiple of the first gas injection quantity as a second gas injection quantity;
injecting natural gas with the volume of the second gas injection amount into the oil well based on the preset gas injection pressure;
closing the well;
and when the time that the oil well is in the closed state exceeds the preset time length, enabling the oil well to start producing.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein initiating production from the well when the well is shut-in for more than a predetermined time period comprises:
during the production of the oil well, the ratio between the volume of natural gas produced per unit time of the oil well and the mass of crude oil is less than a preset ratio.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining a first injection gas quantity based on the subsurface deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiplier, and a first preset multiplier comprises:
obtaining a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple and the following formula:
Vg＝NVpBg
wherein, VgRepresenting a first gas injection amount in units of ten thousand squares;
n represents the first preset multiple and is dimensionless;
Vprepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares;
Bgrepresents the volume multiple of the natural gas and is dimensionless.
5. An oil recovery device, characterized in that the device comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the accumulated oil production of an oil well, the depth of the oil well is within a preset depth range, the permeability of the oil well is lower than a preset permeability threshold value, the accumulated oil production refers to the total mass of crude oil produced by the oil well, the viscosity of formation crude oil in the oil well is less than 2 mPas, and the viscosity of the formation crude oil refers to the ratio of shear stress per unit area to velocity gradient at any point in the crude oil;
the data acquisition module is further used for acquiring a crude oil volume coefficient, a ground crude oil relative density and a water content of crude oil produced by the oil well, wherein the crude oil volume coefficient refers to the ratio of the volume of the same mass of crude oil in the underground to the volume of the crude oil after being degassed on the ground, the ground crude oil relative density refers to the ratio of the density of the crude oil under a ground standard condition to the density of pure water at a temperature of 4 ℃, and the water content refers to the mass ratio of water in the crude oil;
an underground deficit volume acquisition module for acquiring an underground deficit volume of the oil well based on the accumulated oil production, the crude oil volume coefficient, the ground crude oil relative density, the water content and the following formula, wherein the underground deficit volume is a difference between an underground volume occupied by an injection and an underground volume occupied by an extraction,
wherein, VpRepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares;
Nprepresenting the accumulated oil production in tons;
Borepresents the volume coefficient of the crude oil, and is dimensionless;
ρgrepresents the relative density of the crude oil on the ground without dimension;
WC represents the water content, dimensionless;
the data acquisition module is further used for acquiring a natural gas volume multiple of the oil well, wherein the natural gas volume multiple refers to a ratio of a volume of the same mass of the natural gas under standard atmospheric pressure to a volume of the same mass of the natural gas under the ground;
the gas injection quantity acquisition module is used for acquiring a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple;
the natural gas injection module is used for injecting natural gas with the volume being the first gas injection amount into the oil well based on preset gas injection pressure;
a well control module for closing the well;
the oil well control module is also used for enabling the oil well to start to produce when the time of the oil well in the closed state exceeds the preset time length;
the apparatus is further configured to:
acquiring the thickness of an oil layer in the oil well and the porosity, wherein the thickness of the oil layer refers to the thickness of a part with industrial oil production capacity in a reservoir, and the porosity refers to the ratio of the sum of all pore space volumes in a rock sample to the volume of the rock sample;
obtaining a treatment radius based on the reservoir thickness, the porosity, the subsurface deficit volume, and a formula, wherein the treatment radius refers to a radius of a downhole region capable of treatment;
wherein, VpRepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares; r ispRepresents the treatment radius in meters; h is the oil layer thickness in meters;
refers to porosity, dimensionless.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the apparatus is further configured to:
the data acquisition module is also used for monitoring the daily oil yield of the oil well, wherein the daily oil yield refers to the quality of the crude oil produced by the oil well on a single day;
the oil well control module is also used for suspending the production process of the oil well when the daily oil yield of the oil well is lower than a preset daily oil yield threshold value;
the gas injection quantity acquisition module is further used for acquiring a second preset multiple of the first gas injection quantity as a second gas injection quantity;
the natural gas injection module is further configured to inject natural gas with the volume of the second gas injection amount into the oil well based on the preset gas injection pressure;
the oil well control module is also used for closing the oil well;
the oil well control module is also used for enabling the oil well to start producing when the time of the oil well in the closed state exceeds the preset time length.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the well control module is to: during the production process of the oil well, the ratio of the volume of the natural gas produced per unit time of the oil well to the mass of the crude oil is smaller than a preset ratio.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the insufflation gas quantity acquisition module is configured to:
obtaining a first gas injection quantity based on the underground deficit volume, the natural gas volume multiple and a first preset multiple and the following formula:
Vg＝NVpBg
wherein, VgRepresenting a first gas injection amount in units of ten thousand squares;
n represents the first preset multiple and is dimensionless;
Vprepresenting the underground deficit volume in units of ten thousand squares;
Bgrepresents the volume multiple of the natural gas and is dimensionless.
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