CN111350291B - A Variable Damping Variable Stiffness Viscoelasticity-Friction Composite Damper - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable damping variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper, comprising two symmetrical cylindrical viscoelastic damper units and two cylindrical friction damper units, wherein the friction damper units are sleeved on a circle Outside of the cartridge viscoelastic damper unit. The cylindrical viscoelastic damper unit is sequentially composed of an annular inner steel cylinder, an annular viscoelastic material layer, and an annular middle steel cylinder from the inside to the outside. An elastic element is sleeved in the middle of the annular inner steel cylinder, and closed steel plates are provided at both ends of the annular inner steel cylinder. , the inner sides of both ends of the annular middle steel cylinder are provided with cylindrical viscoelastic materials, and the two ends of the annular middle steel cylinder are provided with connecting anchor steel plates; the friction damper unit is sequentially composed of the annular middle steel cylinder, annular friction plate, The annular friction plate and the annular outer steel cylinder are divided into a first annular friction plate and a second annular friction plate.

Description

A Variable Damping Variable Stiffness Viscoelasticity-Friction Composite Damper

technical field

The invention relates to a damper, in particular to a variable damping variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper, belonging to the technical field of energy consumption and shock absorption.

Background technique

Both viscoelastic dampers and friction dampers are the most commonly used dampers in civil engineering. The traditional viscoelastic damper is a kind of damper suitable for anti-wind vibration and small shock, it can start to dissipate energy under small displacement, and has good fatigue performance and energy dissipation performance. However, the traditional friction damper can only provide constant friction force, and the damping force cannot change significantly with the increase of displacement. It provides the characteristics of different damping force, and the phenomenon of wear and fatigue is serious under the action of long-term and multiple small displacements (wind vibration and small shock). When the sliding force value of the friction damper is set too high, the damping will be non-slip or the sliding displacement is too small to exert a good energy dissipation effect; The damping force is too small to meet the required energy dissipation capacity. Therefore, the method of variable coefficient of friction and adjustment of preload force is used to realize different excitation and different resistance at different stages, and at the same time, the advantages of viscoelastic damper are combined to develop a variable damping and variable stiffness viscoelastic-friction composite damper. necessary.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a variable damping and variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper in view of the problems existing in the existing friction dampers. The composite damper has the technical advantages of a viscoelastic damper and a variable coefficient friction damper at the same time. It can effectively reduce the vibration response of the structure under small earthquake and wind vibration, and can make the damper produce good energy dissipation capacity under medium and large earthquakes, and at the same time has the advantage of good fatigue performance.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A variable damping variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper, the whole is a symmetrical structure, comprising two cylindrical viscoelastic damper units and two cylindrical friction damper units, the two cylindrical viscoelasticity The damper units are symmetrically connected relative to each other, and the two friction damper units are respectively sleeved outside the two cylindrical viscoelastic damper units; wherein,

The components of the cylindrical viscoelastic damper unit are coaxially arranged, and from the inside to the outside are an annular inner steel cylinder, an annular viscoelastic material layer, and an annular middle steel cylinder. Element, the annular middle steel cylinder is divided into a left annular middle steel cylinder and a right annular middle steel cylinder, which are respectively sleeved on the left and right sections of the annular inner steel cylinder and are connected with the elastic element. The annular viscoelastic material layer is filled between the steel cylinder and the annular inner steel cylinder; connecting anchor steel plates are respectively connected at the opposite ends of the annular middle steel cylinder;

Each part of the friction damper unit is arranged coaxially, and from the inside to the outside, it is an annular middle steel cylinder, an annular friction plate, an annular friction plate, and an annular outer steel cylinder, and the outer steel cylinder is sleeved outside the annular middle steel cylinder, The annular friction plate is sleeved on the annular middle steel cylinder, the annular friction plate is attached to the groove on the inner wall of the annular outer steel cylinder, and the annular friction plate is in frictional contact with the annular friction plate.

Further, the annular friction plate is divided into a first annular friction plate and a second annular friction plate, and the friction coefficient of the first annular friction plate is smaller, and the friction coefficient of the second annular friction plate is larger.

Further, a plurality of annular fixing grooves are arranged at equal intervals on the outer surface of the annular middle steel cylinder, the size of the annular fixing groove is matched with the size of the annular friction plate, and the depth of the annular fixing groove is 5mm~ 20mm.

Further, the annular outer steel cylinder is composed of an upper semi-annular outer steel cylinder and a lower semi-annular outer steel cylinder which are assembled and connected by bolts, and the first annular friction plate is composed of a first upper semi-annular friction plate and a first lower semi-annular friction plate. The friction plate is composed of a first upper half-annular friction plate and a first lower half-annular friction plate correspondingly attached to the inner wall annular grooves of the upper half-annular outer steel cylinder and the lower half-annular outer steel cylinder; the second annular The friction plate is composed of a second upper half annular friction plate and a second lower half annular friction plate. The second upper half annular friction plate and the second lower half annular friction plate are respectively attached to the upper half annular outer steel cylinder and the lower half annular friction plate respectively. Among the annular grooves on the inner wall of the outer steel cylinder, the upper half-annular outer steel cylinder and the lower half-annular outer steel cylinder, the first upper half-annular friction plate and the first lower half-annular friction plate, the second upper half-annular friction plate and the third A viscoelastic compressible gasket is arranged between the two lower half annular friction plates.

Further, a left closed steel plate and a right closed steel plate are provided at the opposite ends of the annular inner steel cylinder, and a cylindrical viscoelastic material is provided at the opposite ends of the left annular middle steel cylinder and the right annular middle steel cylinder.

Preferably, the distance between the left annular middle steel cylinder and the right annular middle steel cylinder is 80mm˜180mm.

Further, the annular inner steel cylinder, the annular middle steel cylinder and the annular viscoelastic material layer are connected by high temperature and high pressure vulcanization or gluing.

Further, the steel cylinder in the ring is connected with the cylindrical viscoelastic material inside by high temperature and high pressure vulcanization or gluing.

Preferably, the connecting and anchoring steel plates are divided into left connecting anchoring steel plates and right connecting anchoring steel plates, the distance between the left end face of the annular outer steel cylinder and the left connecting anchoring steel plate is 200mm-400 mm, and the right end of the annular outer steel cylinder is 200mm to 400mm. The distance between the surface and the right connecting anchor steel plate is 200mm to 400mm.

Preferably, the elastic element is a high-strength spring, the annular viscoelastic material layer and the cylindrical viscoelastic material are both high-damping ternary isopropyl rubber composite materials or high-damping silicone rubber composite materials, and the annular friction plate It is a high wear-resistant steel friction plate, the first annular friction plate is a polytetrafluoroethylene plate, and the second annular friction plate is a brass plate.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:

The composite damper of the present invention has the technical advantages of viscoelastic damper and variable coefficient friction damper at the same time. Under the action of small shock or wind vibration, the viscoelastic damper starts to work and consumes energy, bears most of the energy consumption, and has high energy consumption performance. Good fatigue performance; under moderate and large earthquakes, viscoelastic dampers and friction dampers work at the same time to dissipate seismic energy together, so that the dissipation capacity of the damper is significantly improved, which can not only ensure that the damper can effectively reduce the structure The vibration response under small earthquake and wind vibration can also make the damper produce better energy dissipation capacity under medium and large earthquakes. The damper fails, which greatly increases the overall service life of the damper. Under the action of medium and large earthquakes, the limiting effect of the damper prevents shear damage of the viscoelastic material; It can have a good damping effect on the vibration of the structure under moderate earthquakes and large earthquakes.

The technical advantages of the ability to better adjust the damping performance under different excitations. According to the requirements of the required damping force performance, the required damping force (stiffness and damping) size. The high-strength elastic element arranged in the middle of the annular inner steel cylinder can provide greater elastic recovery rigidity under compression and tension, which increases the ability of the entire damper to resist deformation and enables the damper to have a self-reset function; the middle steel cylinder The extrusion deformation of the cylindrical viscoelastic material at the end not only provides the effect of extrusion energy dissipation, but also provides greater rigidity to play a limiting role, ensuring that the annular viscoelastic material layer between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder is not damaged by shearing. . The edges of each viscoelastic material layer are well restrained, which makes it have good fatigue resistance; the friction damper unit is connected by assembly, which ensures that it has the advantages of easy replacement of friction plates and high unit utilization rate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the annular inner steel cylinder, the annular viscoelastic layer, the annular left middle steel cylinder, the second annular friction plate and the annular outer steel cylinder A-A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional view of the annular inner steel cylinder, the annular viscoelastic layer, the annular right middle steel cylinder, the first annular friction plate and the annular outer steel cylinder in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the C-C sectional view of the annular right middle steel cylinder and the cylindrical viscoelastic material in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of connecting and anchoring steel plates in the present invention;

In the figure: 1 elastic element, 2 annular inner steel cylinder, 3-1 left annular viscoelastic material layer, 3-2 right annular viscoelastic material layer, 4-1 left annular middle steel cylinder, 4-2 right annular middle steel cylinder , 5-1 left annular friction plate, 5-2 right annular friction plate, 6-1 first upper half annular friction plate, 6-2 first lower half annular friction plate, 7-1 second upper half annular friction plate, 7-2 Second lower half annular friction plate, 8-1 upper half annular steel cylinder, 8-2 lower half annular steel cylinder, 9-1 left closed steel plate, 9-2 right closed steel plate, 10-1 left cylinder stick Elastic material, 10-2 right cylinder viscoelastic material, 11-1 left connecting anchor steel plate, 11-2 right connecting anchor steel plate, 12-1 left connecting piece with holes, 12-2 right connecting piece with holes, 13 high-strength bolts , 14 viscoelastic compressible gaskets.

Detailed ways

The present invention can be better understood from the following examples. However, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the contents described in the embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not and will not limit the present invention described in detail in the claims.

Examples, please refer to Figures 1-5 in combination:

The variable damping variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper of the present invention has a symmetrical structure as a whole, including two cylindrical viscoelastic damper units and two cylindrical friction damper units. The viscoelastic damper units are symmetrically connected relative to each other, and the two friction damper units are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the two cylindrical viscoelastic damper units, wherein,

The components of the cylindrical viscoelastic damper unit are arranged coaxially. From the inside to the outside, they are an annular inner steel cylinder 2, an annular viscoelastic material layer 3, and an annular middle steel cylinder 4. The annular inner steel cylinder 2 is divided into left and right , middle and right three sections, the annular middle steel drum 4 is divided into left annular middle steel drum 4-1 and right annular middle steel drum 4-2, among which the left annular middle steel drum 4-1 and the right annular middle steel drum 4-2 It is sleeved on the left section and the right section of the annular inner steel cylinder 2, and there is a certain distance between the two, and the preferred distance is 80mm-180mm. An annular viscoelastic material layer 3 is filled between the annular inner steel cylinder 2 and the left annular middle steel cylinder 4-1 and the right annular middle steel cylinder 4-2, and the annular inner steel cylinder 2 and the left annular middle steel cylinder 4-1 It is connected with the right annular middle steel cylinder 4-2 and the annular viscoelastic material layer 3 by high temperature and high pressure vulcanization or gluing to ensure their integrity and prevent them from detaching during vibration. The middle section of the annular inner steel cylinder 2 is sheathed with an elastic element 1, and the two ends of the elastic element 1 are respectively fixedly connected with the left annular middle steel cylinder 4-1 and the right annular middle steel cylinder 4-2. Preferably, the elastic element 1 is a high-strength spring to ensure Its extrusion and tensile resistance. The two ends of the annular inner steel cylinder 2 are provided with a left closed steel plate 9-1 and a right closed steel plate 9-2. Under the action of a large earthquake, the closed plate can evenly contact the cylindrical viscoelastic material 10 to produce extrusion deformation and energy consumption. The cylindrical viscoelastic material provides greater rigidity to limit the position to prevent the large displacement shearing damage of the annular viscoelastic material layer 3. The inner ends of the two ends of the steel cylinder 4 that are far away from each other in the annular shape are provided with cylindrical viscoelastic materials. 10. The ring-shaped steel cylinder 4 and the cylindrical viscoelastic material 10 are connected by high temperature and high pressure vulcanization or high-strength gluing. The larger rigidity acts as a limit, ensuring that the annular viscoelastic material layer 3 between the annular inner cylinder 2 and the annular middle cylinder 4 is not damaged by shearing. The outer end of the left annular middle steel cylinder 4-1 is provided with a left connecting anchor steel plate 11-1, the outer end of the right annular middle steel cylinder 4-2 is provided with a right connecting anchor steel plate 11-2, and the annular middle steel cylinder 4. Welding and fixed connection with the connecting anchoring steel plate 11, the outer side of the connecting anchoring steel plate 11 is provided with a connecting piece with holes, the connecting and anchoring steel plate 11 is welded and fixedly connected with the connecting piece The present invention is fixed to the place where the building needs to be shockproof.

The components of the friction damper unit are coaxially arranged, and from the inside to the outside are the annular middle steel cylinder 4 , the annular friction plate 5 , the first annular friction plate 6 , the second annular friction plate 7 , and the annular outer steel cylinder 8 . The annular outer steel cylinder 8 is sleeved on the outside of the annular middle steel cylinder 4, and an annular friction plate 5 and an annular friction plate 6 are arranged between the two. The outer wall of the annular middle steel cylinder 4 is provided with a plurality of annular fixing grooves at equal distances, and the annular friction plate 5 is sleeved in the fixing grooves and then fixed on the outer wall of the annular middle steel cylinder 4 . The annular friction plate is divided into a first annular friction plate 6 and a second annular friction plate 7. The first annular friction plate 6 is composed of a first upper half annular friction plate 6-1 and a first lower half annular friction plate 6-2. The first upper half annular friction plate 6-1 and the first lower half annular friction plate 6-2 are respectively attached to the inner walls of the upper half annular outer steel cylinder 8-1 and the lower half annular outer steel cylinder 8-2 respectively. in the groove; the second annular friction plate 7 is composed of the second upper half annular friction plate 7-1 and the second lower half annular friction plate 7-2, the second upper half annular friction plate 7-1 and the second The lower half annular friction plate 7-2 is respectively attached to the inner wall grooves of the upper half annular outer steel cylinder 8-1 and the lower half annular outer steel cylinder 8-2, and the upper half annular outer steel cylinder 8-1 and the lower The semi-annular outer steel cylinder 8-2, the first upper semi-annular friction plate 6-1 and the first lower semi-annular friction plate 6-2, the second upper semi-annular friction plate 7-1 and the second lower semi-annular friction plate 7 A viscoelastic compressible gasket 14 is arranged between -2; the depth of the annular groove on the inner wall is 5mm-20mm. ), the annular friction plate is divided into a first annular friction plate 6 and a second annular friction plate 7, wherein the friction coefficient of the first annular friction plate 6 is smaller, the friction coefficient of the second annular friction plate 7 is larger, and the friction damping When the sliding force value is set too high, the damping will be non-slip or the sliding displacement is too small to exert a good energy dissipation effect; when the sliding force value is set too low, the damping provided under medium and large earthquakes The force is too small to meet the required energy dissipation capacity. Therefore, the method of variable coefficient of friction and adjustment of pre-tightening force is used to realize different excitations and provide different resistances at different stages. Preferably, the first annular friction plate 6 is a polytetrafluoroethylene plate, and the second annular friction plate 7 is yellow Copper plate, the annular friction plate 5 is a high wear-resistant steel friction plate.

The annular outer steel cylinder 8 is composed of an upper semi-annular outer steel cylinder 8-1 and a lower semi-annular outer steel cylinder 8-2 which are assembled and connected by high-strength bolts 13. A viscoelastic compressible gasket 14 is arranged between the cylinders 8-2. The viscoelastic compressible gasket 14 is provided with holes matching the high-strength bolts 13. According to the required pre-tightening force, the high-strength bolts 13 can be used. adjust.

The distance between the left end face of the annular outer steel cylinder 8 and the left connecting anchor steel plate 11-1 is 200mm to 400 mm, and the interval between the right end face of the annular outer steel cylinder 8 and the right connecting anchor steel plate 11-2 The distance is 200mm to 400mm.

Preferably, the annular viscoelastic material layer 3 and the cylindrical viscoelastic material 10 are both high-damping ternary isopropyl rubber composite materials or high-damping silicone rubber composite materials.

When in use: The variable damping variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper is arranged between the layers of the building structure with herringbone support, armpit support or diagonal diagonal support.

Under small shocks and wind vibrations, the annular viscoelastic material layer 3 between the annular inner steel cylinder 2 and the annular middle steel cylinder 4 undergoes shear deformation to bear most of the energy dissipation, and the annular friction plate 5 is opposite to the first annular friction plate 6 Friction takes a small part of the energy dissipation.

In the middle of the earthquake, the annular viscoelastic material 3 layer between the annular inner steel cylinder 2 and the annular middle steel cylinder 4 produces shear deformation, and the annular friction plate 5 slides relative to the first annular friction plate 6 and the second annular friction plate 7 The friction consumes energy together, and the energy consumption capacity is greatly improved.

Under a large earthquake, the annular viscoelastic material layer 3 between the annular inner steel cylinder 2 and the annular middle steel cylinder 4 is sheared and deformed, and the annular friction plate 5 slides relative to the first annular friction plate 6 and the second annular friction plate 7 The friction and the extrusion deformation of the cylindrical viscoelastic material 10 consume energy together, the energy consumption capacity is greatly improved, and it provides greater rigidity to limit the position, ensuring the annular adhesion between the inner ring steel cylinder 2 and the ring middle steel cylinder 4. The elastic material layer is not damaged by shearing.

In addition, the high-strength elastic element 1 arranged in the middle of the annular inner steel cylinder 2 can provide a large elastic recovery stiffness under compression and tension, which increases the ability of the entire damper to resist deformation and enables the damper to have a self-reset function .

According to the requirements of the required damping force performance, the rigidity and damping requirements can be met by adjusting the friction coefficient and size of the annular friction plates 6 and 7 and adjusting the size of the pre-tightening force through the high-strength bolts 13 .

Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, changes or modifications in other different forms can also be made on the basis of the above description. There is no need and cannot be exhaustive of all implementations here. However, these obvious changes or changes derived from the spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A variable damping variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper, characterized in that: the whole is a symmetrical structure, comprising two cylindrical viscoelastic damper units and two cylindrical friction damper units, the two Two cylindrical viscoelastic damper units are symmetrically connected relative to each other, and the two friction damper units are respectively sleeved outside the two cylindrical viscoelastic damper units; wherein, The components of the cylindrical viscoelastic damper unit are arranged coaxially, and from the inside to the outside are an annular inner steel cylinder, an annular viscoelastic material layer, and an annular middle steel cylinder. Element, the annular middle steel cylinder is divided into a left annular middle steel cylinder and a right annular middle steel cylinder, which are respectively sleeved on the left and right sections of the annular inner steel cylinder and are connected with the elastic element. The annular viscoelastic material layer is filled between the steel cylinder and the annular inner steel cylinder; connecting anchoring steel plates are respectively connected at opposite ends of the annular middle steel cylinder; Each part of the friction damper unit is arranged coaxially, and from the inside to the outside, it is an annular middle steel cylinder, an annular friction plate, an annular friction plate, and an annular outer steel cylinder, and the outer steel cylinder is sleeved outside the annular middle steel cylinder, The annular friction plate is sleeved on the annular middle steel cylinder, and the annular friction plate is divided into a first annular friction plate and a second annular friction plate with different friction coefficients, which are respectively attached to the grooves on the inner wall of the annular outer steel cylinder, and The annular friction plate is in frictional contact with the annular friction plate. 2 . The variable damping and variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper according to claim 1 , wherein the friction coefficient of the first annular friction plate is relatively small, and the friction coefficient of the second annular friction plate is relatively large. 3 . . 3. A variable damping variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: a left closed steel plate and a right closed steel plate are provided at the opposite ends of the annular inner steel cylinder. Cylindrical viscoelastic material is provided inside the ring-shaped middle steel cylinder and the right ring-shaped middle steel cylinder at opposite ends. 4. The variable damping and variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of annular fixing grooves are arranged at equal intervals on the outer surface of the annular middle steel cylinder, and the The size is matched with the size of the annular friction plate, and the depth of the annular fixing groove is 5mm˜20mm. 5 . The variable damping variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper according to claim 4 , wherein the annular outer steel cylinder is assembled by bolts from an upper semi-annular outer steel cylinder and a lower semi-annular outer steel cylinder. 6 . The first annular friction plate is composed of a first upper half annular friction plate and a first lower half annular friction plate, and the first upper half annular friction plate and the first lower half annular friction plate are respectively attached to the upper half The annular outer steel cylinder and the inner wall annular groove of the lower semi-annular outer steel cylinder; the second annular friction plate is composed of a second upper semi-annular friction plate and a second lower semi-annular friction plate, and the second upper semi-annular friction plate The plate and the second lower half annular friction plate are respectively attached to the inner wall annular grooves of the upper half annular outer steel cylinder and the lower half annular outer steel cylinder. Viscoelastic compressible gaskets are arranged between an upper half annular friction plate, the first lower half annular friction plate, and the second upper half annular friction plate and the second lower half annular friction plate. 6 . The variable damping and variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper according to claim 5 , wherein the distance between the left annular middle steel cylinder and the right annular middle steel cylinder is 80 mm to 180 mm. 7 . 7 . The variable damping and variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper according to claim 6 , wherein the annular inner steel cylinder, the annular middle steel cylinder and the annular viscoelastic material layer are vulcanized through high temperature and high pressure. 8 . way or glue connection. 8. A variable damping variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper according to claim 7, wherein the connecting and anchoring steel plate is divided into a left connecting anchoring steel plate and a right connecting anchoring steel plate, and the left end of the annular outer steel cylinder The spacing distance between the surface and the left connecting anchor steel plate is 200mm-400mm, and the spacing distance between the right end surface of the annular outer steel cylinder and the right connecting anchor steel plate is 200mm-400mm. 9 . The variable damping variable stiffness viscoelasticity-friction composite damper according to claim 8 , wherein the elastic element is a high-strength spring, and the annular viscoelastic material layer and the cylindrical viscoelastic material are both 9 . High-damping ternary isopropyl rubber composite material or high-damping silicone rubber composite material, the annular friction plate is a high-wear-resistant steel friction plate, the first annular friction plate is a polytetrafluoroethylene plate, and the second annular friction plate is a polytetrafluoroethylene plate. The friction plate is a brass plate.

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