CN116164068A - Self-resetting composite type variable friction damper and use method thereof - Google Patents
Self-resetting composite type variable friction damper and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116164068A CN116164068A CN202310459468.6A CN202310459468A CN116164068A CN 116164068 A CN116164068 A CN 116164068A CN 202310459468 A CN202310459468 A CN 202310459468A CN 116164068 A CN116164068 A CN 116164068A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/08—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers with friction surfaces rectilinearly movable along each other
- F16F7/09—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers with friction surfaces rectilinearly movable along each other in dampers of the cylinder-and-piston type
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
- F16F7/108—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted on plastics springs
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-resetting composite type variable friction damper and a use method thereof, wherein the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper comprises the following components: the viscoelastic assembly comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged in the outer cylinder, and a viscoelastic cylinder is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the variable friction assembly comprises a variable diameter rubber spring positioned in the inner cylinder and a conical friction cylinder positioned in the variable diameter rubber spring, and a cylindrical piston is arranged in the conical friction cylinder; the connecting assembly comprises a fixed end earring connected with one side of the outer cylinder, an outer cylinder end cover connected with the other side of the outer cylinder and a movable end earring connected with the cylinder piston. The self-resetting friction damper can realize corresponding damping performance of different grades of earthquakes through the mutual coordination among the viscoelastic cylinder, the conical friction cylinder and the variable-diameter rubber spring, can better meet the energy consumption requirements of small earthquake, medium earthquake and large earthquake, is easier to realize the self-resetting function of the friction damper, and can ensure the functionality and the integrity of a building structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction dampers, in particular to a self-resetting composite type variable friction damper and a use method thereof.
Background
The friction damper is a displacement damper, which generates friction force through friction between a friction plate and a steel plate and continuously slides to generate energy consumption. In recent years, for some important buildings, higher targets are also put forward for earthquake fortification, medium earthquake elasticity and large earthquake repairability are required, the structure is required to be restored to an initial state during and after the occurrence of the large earthquake, and the self-resetting requirement is put forward for the damper. In addition, the traditional friction damper has larger initial rigidity, and after sliding friction occurs, the friction force is basically constant and is irrelevant to the displacement, so that the requirements of small shock, medium shock and large shock on damping and energy consumption cannot be met at the same time, and meanwhile, the traditional friction damper cannot reset after displacement occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the invention provides a self-resetting composite type variable friction damper and a use method thereof, which aim to solve the technical problems that the conventional friction damper can not meet the vibration absorption and energy consumption requirements of small vibration, medium vibration and large vibration at the same time and can not be reset automatically.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a self-resetting compound type variable friction damper comprising: the viscoelastic assembly comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged inside the outer cylinder, and a viscoelastic cylinder is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the variable friction assembly comprises a variable diameter rubber spring positioned in the inner cylinder and a conical friction cylinder positioned in the variable diameter rubber spring, and a cylindrical piston is arranged in the conical friction cylinder; the connecting assembly comprises a fixed end earring connected with one side of the outer cylinder, an outer cylinder end cover connected with the other side of the outer cylinder and a movable end earring connected with the cylinder piston.
Therefore, corresponding damping performance can be provided for different levels of earthquakes, different energy consumption requirements of small, medium and large earthquakes can be better met, the self-resetting function of the friction damper can be realized, and the functionality and the integrity of a building structure can be ensured.
Further, the conical friction cylinder comprises a first part, a second part and a third part which are sequentially connected, wherein the lengths of orthographic projections of the first part, the second part and the third part on a horizontal plane are respectively L1, L2 and L1, and L2 is greater than L1.
Further, the inner diameter of the second portion is D2, the inner diameter of the left end of the first portion is D1, the inner diameter of the right end of the third portion is D1, wherein D2> D1, the inner diameter of the first portion gradually changes from D1 to D2 from the left end to the right end, and the inner diameter of the third portion gradually changes from D1 to D2 from the right end to the left end. Therefore, the deformation requirements of the conical friction cylinder and the variable-diameter rubber spring can be met, and corresponding friction force can be provided at different positions where the cylindrical piston is located.
Further, the cylindrical piston includes: a piston head and a piston rod; the piston head is connected with one end of the piston rod, the piston head is located in the conical friction cylinder, the other end of the piston rod is connected with the movable end ear ring, the outer diameter of the piston head is D3, the length of the piston head is L3, D3 is larger than D2, and L3=L2.
Further, both sides of the inner cylinder are provided with inner cylinder end covers which are fixedly connected with the inner cylinder, and the outer diameter of the inner cylinder is consistent with the outer diameter of the inner cylinder end covers; the outer cylinder end cover is provided with a linear bearing, and the cylindrical piston penetrates through the linear bearing. Therefore, the bearing ball of the linear bearing is in point contact with the bearing sleeve, and the steel ball rolls with minimum friction resistance, so that the linear bearing has the characteristics of small friction coefficient and stable operation, the influence of the friction force of the cylindrical piston can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the cylindrical piston is prolonged.
Further, in the unstressed state, the thickness of the viscoelastic cylinder is d, the distance between the right end face of the fixed end earring and the left inner cylinder end cover is h, and the distance between the left end face of the linear bearing and the right inner cylinder end cover is h, wherein h= 2*d.
Further, the conical friction cylinder is axially equally divided into two petals and radially equally divided into three petals, and the thickness of the conical friction cylinder is equal everywhere; the diameter-variable rubber spring is equally divided into two petals along the axial direction. Therefore, the convenient installation of the conical friction cylinder and the reducing rubber spring can be satisfied.
Further, the inner sides of both the inner cylinder end caps are provided with a bump guard. Therefore, the damping force can be buffered and increased, and the damping energy consumption effect can be further improved.
The invention also provides a use method of the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the method comprises the steps of connecting the left end of a self-resetting composite type variable friction damper with a lower node plate, connecting the right end of the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper with an upper node plate, connecting the lower node plate with a lower buttress wall, connecting the upper node plate with an upper buttress wall, connecting the lower buttress wall with a lower supporting beam, connecting the upper buttress wall with an upper supporting beam, and connecting the lower supporting beam with the upper supporting beam through a supporting column;
s2: when no earthquake occurs, the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper is in an initial state, namely the viscoelastic cylinder is not deformed, the inner cylinder is positioned at the middle position of the outer cylinder, the cylindrical piston is not moved, and the cylindrical piston is positioned at the middle position of the conical friction cylinder;
s3: when small earthquake occurs, the displacement change of the cylindrical piston is smaller due to smaller interlayer displacement caused by the small earthquake, the cylindrical piston cannot move under the action of the reducing rubber spring, at the moment, the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper generates energy consumption through the shearing deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder, and when the earthquake stops, the viscoelastic cylinder provides a restoring force to enable the inner cylinder to move to an initial position, and the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper is restored to the initial state;
s4: when the middle and large shocks occur, the interlayer displacement caused is larger and exceeds the shearing deformation limit of the viscoelastic cylinder, and at the moment, the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper firstly generates energy consumption through the shearing deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder to offset a part of displacement; when the shear deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder reaches the limit, the cylindrical piston starts to move towards the end, at the moment, the reducing rubber spring is extruded, the positive pressure Fp of the reducing rubber spring to the conical friction cylinder is increased, so that the friction force f between the conical friction cylinder and the cylindrical piston is increased, and the surplus displacement is finally counteracted, when the earthquake stops, firstly, the viscoelastic cylinder provides a restoring force to enable the inner cylinder to move to the initial position, then, the cylindrical piston moves from the end to the middle position, the positive pressure Fp of the reducing rubber spring to the conical friction cylinder is gradually reduced, no friction force exists between the cylindrical piston and the conical friction cylinder after the cylindrical piston moves to the middle position, and the self-resetting compound type variable friction damper is restored to the initial state
Further, the friction coefficient of the conical friction cylinder is μ, when the piston head is located at the piston rod, the positive pressure fp=f0 of the conical friction cylinder by the reducing rubber spring, when the piston head moves leftwards or rightwards by Δl, the reducing rubber spring is extruded, the compression amount of the reducing rubber spring is t= [/L1] ×Δl, at this time, the positive pressure fp=f0+t×k of the conical friction cylinder by the reducing rubber spring, wherein K is the rigidity of the reducing rubber spring, at this time, the friction force f=μ×fp between the conical friction cylinder and the cylindrical piston.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, through the mutual matching among the viscoelastic cylinder, the conical friction cylinder and the variable-diameter rubber spring, corresponding damping performance can be provided for different grades of earthquakes, and the energy consumption requirements of small earthquake, medium earthquake and large earthquake can be better met.
2. The invention provides viscoelastic damping force in a certain displacement range through shear energy consumption of the viscoelastic cylinder, and automatically converts the viscoelastic damping force into a friction energy consumption mode after the shear limit displacement of the viscoelastic cylinder exceeds the shear limit displacement.
3. According to the invention, through the mutual matching among the viscoelastic cylinder, the conical friction cylinder and the variable-diameter rubber spring, corresponding friction force can be provided at different positions of the cylindrical piston.
4. The self-resetting function of the friction damper is easier to realize through the design of the viscoelastic cylinder and the friction-changing assembly, and the functionality and the integrity of the building structure can be ensured.
5. The self-resetting composite type variable friction damper has a compact structure, two ends are connected by the pin shafts, the installation is convenient, the bearing ball of the linear bearing is in point contact with the bearing sleeve, the steel ball rolls with minimum friction resistance, so that the linear bearing has the characteristics of small friction coefficient and stable operation, the linear bearing can effectively reduce the influence of the friction force of the cylindrical piston, the service life of the cylindrical piston is prolonged, and the conical friction cylinder and the variable-diameter rubber spring are both designed in a blocking mode, so that the product is convenient to actually install.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a self-resetting compound type variable friction damper;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a self-resetting composite type variable friction damper;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a friction varying assembly;
FIG. 4 is a front view in section with the friction pack disassembled;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a cone friction cylinder;
FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view of a self-resetting compound type variable friction damper;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the partial structure of FIG. 6A;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a viscoelastic assembly;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cross-section of a connection assembly;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an assembled construction of a self-resetting compound type variable friction damper;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a viscoelastic sleeve deformation;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a viscoelastic cylinder deformation and a cylindrical piston friction sliding.
In the figure: 1. self-resetting composite type variable friction damper; 11. a viscoelastic assembly; 111. an outer cylinder; 112. a first bolt; 113. an inner cylinder; 114. a viscoelastic cylinder; 115. an inner cylindrical end cap; 12. a variable friction assembly; 121. a conical friction cylinder; 1211. a first portion; 1212. a second portion; 1213. a third section; 122. a cylindrical piston; 1221. a piston head; 1222. a piston rod; 123. a reducing rubber spring; 13. a connection assembly; 131. a fixed end earring; 132. a second bolt; 133. a linear bearing; 134. an outer cylindrical end cap; 135. a third bolt; 136. moving the end ear ring; 137. a connecting piece; 138. a mounting groove; 14. an anti-collision member; 2. a support column; 3. a lower buttress wall; 301. a buttress wall is arranged; 4. a lower support beam; 401. an upper support beam; 5. a lower gusset plate; 501. and (5) a node plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic representations which merely illustrate the basic structure of the invention and therefore show only the structures which are relevant to the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, features defining "first", "second" may include one or more such features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the self-resetting composite type friction-type damper of the present embodiment includes: a viscoelastic assembly 11, the viscoelastic assembly 11 comprising an outer cylinder 111 and an inner cylinder 113 disposed inside the outer cylinder 111, a viscoelastic cylinder 114 disposed between the outer cylinder 111 and the inner cylinder 113; a variable friction assembly 12, the variable friction assembly 12 comprising a variable diameter rubber spring 123 located inside the inner cylinder 113, a conical friction cylinder 121 located inside the variable diameter rubber spring 123, a cylindrical piston 122 being provided inside the conical friction cylinder 121; the coupling assembly 13 includes a fixed end ear 131 coupled to one side of the outer cylinder 111, an outer cylinder end cap 134 coupled to the other side of the outer cylinder 111, and a movable end ear 136 coupled to the cylindrical piston 122.
For example, the viscoelastic cylinder 114 is a cylindrical structure made of a viscoelastic material (such as natural rubber, butadiene rubber, and high polymer materials with characteristics of strain hysteresis and stress), that is, the viscoelastic cylinder 114 has both elastic and viscous properties, and can play a role of energy consumption when the damper is displaced less. The viscoelastic cylinder 114 may be tightly adhered to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 111 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 113 by a vulcanization process (vulcanization process using the prior art). When an earthquake occurs, the viscoelastic cylinder 114 can generate shear deformation to generate energy consumption, and a viscoelastic damping force is provided in a certain displacement range. When the earthquake displacement exceeds the shearing limit displacement of the viscoelastic cylinder 114, the damper is automatically converted into a friction energy consumption mode, so that corresponding damping performance can be provided according to different level earthquakes, different energy consumption requirements of small, medium and large earthquakes can be better met, and meanwhile, the self-resetting function of the friction damper can be realized, and the functionality and the integrity of a building structure can be ensured; the whole device is of a symmetrical structure, and can better meet the requirement of consistent pulling and pressing performance so as to cope with earthquake which does not occur in the direction.
In the present embodiment, the cone-shaped friction cylinder 121 includes a first portion 1211, a second portion 1212, and a third portion 1213 that are sequentially connected, and the lengths of orthographic projections of the first portion 1211, the second portion 1212, and the third portion 1213 on a horizontal plane are L1, L2, L1, respectively, where L2> L1. The second portion 1212 has an inner diameter D2, the first portion 1211 has an inner diameter D1 at the left end, and the third portion 1213 has an inner diameter D1 at the right end, wherein D2> D1, the first portion 1211 has an inner diameter that gradually changes from D1 to D2 from left to right, and the third portion 1213 has an inner diameter that gradually changes from D1 to D2 from right to left. That is, the tapered friction cylinder 121 has a shape with a wide middle and narrow ends, L2 should not be too small in order to ensure stable stress of the tapered friction cylinder 121, and L2 should not be too large in order to save space, so that l2= (0.8-1.0) L1 is preferable in this embodiment. For example, L1 is 30mm, D1 is 36mm, and D2 is 40mm.
The cylindrical piston 122 includes: a piston head 1221 and a piston rod 1222; the piston head 1221 is connected with one end of the piston rod 1222, the piston head 1221 is located inside the conical friction cylinder 121, the other end of the piston rod 1222 is connected with the movable end ear 136, wherein the outer diameter of the piston head 1221 is D3, the length of the piston head 1221 is L3, D3> D2, l3=l2, the conical friction cylinder 121 is equally divided into two halves in the axial direction and three halves in the radial direction, and the thickness of the conical friction cylinder 121 is equal everywhere; the diameter-variable rubber spring 123 is equally divided into two halves in the axial direction. For example, D3 is 0.5mm greater than D2 such that when the piston head 1221 is positioned in the second portion 1212, there is no gap between the piston head 1221 and the inner wall of the second portion 1212. By designing the inner diameters of the first portion 1211 and the third portion 1213 to be smaller than the second portion 1212, when the piston head 1221 moves leftwards or rightwards, the piston head 1221 presses the tapered friction cylinder 121, so that the compression amount of the reducing rubber spring 123 is increased, and after the compression amount is increased due to the mutual action of the force, the positive pressure of the reducing rubber spring 123 on the tapered friction cylinder 121 is also increased, so that the friction force between the tapered friction cylinder 121 and the piston head 1221 is increased, and the variable friction is realized.
Thus, by the structural design of the conical friction cylinder 121 and the cooperation of the conical friction cylinder 121 and the reducing rubber spring 123, different friction forces can be provided when the cylindrical piston 122 is positioned at different positions. In addition, the conical friction cylinder 121 and the reducing rubber spring 123 are all of a block design, so that the actual installation operation of the product is facilitated. Dividing the cone-shaped friction cylinder 121 equally into three lobes in the radial direction facilitates the piston head 1221 to better compress the reducing rubber spring 123 when moving left or right.
In the present embodiment, both sides of the inner cylinder 113 are provided with the inner cylinder end caps 115, the inner cylinder end caps 115 are fixedly connected with the inner cylinder 113, and the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 113 is identical to the outer diameter of the inner cylinder end caps 115; in the unstressed state, the viscoelastic cylinder 114 has a thickness d, the distance between the right end face of the fixed end earring 131 and the left inner cylinder end cover 115 is h, and the distance between the left end face of the linear bearing 133 and the right inner cylinder end cover 115 is h, where h= 2*d. For example, the inner cylinder 113 and the end cover of the inner cylinder 113 are fixedly connected through a first bolt 112, a first round hole is formed in the end cover of the inner cylinder 113, the diameter of the first round hole is slightly larger than that of the piston rod 1222, and is generally 1-2mm larger, the piston rod 1222 can be conveniently moved, and scratches caused by contact between the piston rod 1222 and the inner wall of the end cover of the inner cylinder 113 are avoided. The shear deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder 114 can be 200% or more, and therefore, the present embodiment sets the distance h to h= 2*d, so that the shear energy consumption can be utilized to the maximum extent.
In this embodiment, the outer cylinder end cap 134 is provided with a linear bearing 133, and the cylindrical piston 122 penetrates the linear bearing 133. For example, a fixed end ear 131, an end cap of the outer cylinder 111 and the outer cylinder 111 are fixedly connected by a second bolt 132; one end of the piston head 1221 is a threaded end, the movable end ear ring 136 is provided with a threaded end matched with the threaded end, the piston head 1221 is in threaded connection with the movable end ear ring 136, and the linear bearing 133 is sleeved on the piston rod 1222, so that the friction influence between the piston rod 1222 and the end cover of the outer cylinder 111 can be effectively reduced, and the service life is prolonged. The linear bearing 133 and the end cover of the outer cylinder 111 are fixedly connected through the third bolt 135, the fixed end ear ring 131 and the movable end ear ring 136 are respectively provided with a joint bearing in a penetrating way, the joint bearings can allow the whole device to change angles within a certain range, and even if the earthquake direction is inconsistent with the installation axial direction, the whole device can work; the fixed end earring 131 and the movable end earring 136 are provided with connecting pieces 137 in a penetrating manner, the fixed end earring 131 is arranged on the lower node plate 5 through the connecting pieces 137, and the movable end earring 136 is arranged on the upper node plate 501; the fixed end earrings 131 and the movable end earrings 136 are provided with mounting grooves 138 on the side surfaces, and in the mounting process of the whole device, two hanging rings are respectively mounted on the fixed end earrings 131 and the movable end earrings 136 through the mounting grooves 138, so that the whole device is hung, and the mounting of the whole device is facilitated.
In the present embodiment, the inside of both inner cylinder end caps 115 is provided with the bump guard 14. When the piston head 1221 is moved to the left or right to the extreme position, the bump guard 14 can prevent the piston head 1221 from bumping into the inner cylinder end cover 115, thereby enabling a cushioning effect.
As shown in fig. 10, the invention further provides a use method of the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the left end of the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper 1 is connected with a lower gusset plate 5, the right end of the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper 1 is connected with an upper gusset plate 501, the lower gusset plate 5 is connected with a lower buttress wall 3, the upper gusset plate 501 is connected with an upper buttress wall 301, the lower buttress wall 3 is connected with a lower supporting beam 4, the upper buttress wall 301 is connected with an upper supporting beam 401, and the lower supporting beam 4 is connected with the upper supporting beam 401 through a supporting column 2.
S2: when no earthquake occurs, the self-resetting composite friction-type damper 1 is in an initial state, that is, the viscoelastic cylinder 114 is not deformed, the inner cylinder 113 is positioned at the middle position of the outer cylinder 111, the cylindrical piston 122 is not moved, and the cylindrical piston 122 is positioned at the middle position of the conical friction cylinder 121.
S3: when a small shock occurs, the displacement change of the cylindrical piston 122 is small due to small interlayer displacement caused by the small shock, the cylindrical piston 122 cannot move under the action of the reducing rubber spring 123, at this time, the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper 1 generates energy consumption through the shearing deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder 114, and when the earthquake stops, the viscoelastic cylinder 114 provides a restoring force to enable the inner cylinder 113 to move to the initial position, and the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper 1 is restored to the initial state.
S4: when the middle and large shocks occur, the interlayer displacement caused is larger and exceeds the shearing deformation limit of the viscoelastic cylinder 114, and at the moment, the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper 1 firstly generates energy consumption through the shearing deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder 114 to offset a part of displacement; when the shear deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder 114 reaches the limit, the cylindrical piston 122 starts to move toward the end, at this time, the diameter-variable rubber spring 123 is pressed, the positive pressure Fp of the diameter-variable rubber spring 123 against the tapered friction cylinder 121 increases, so that the friction force f between the tapered friction cylinder 121 and the cylindrical piston 122 increases, and finally the remaining displacement is offset, and when the earthquake stops, first, the viscoelastic cylinder 114 provides a restoring force to move the inner cylinder 113 to the initial position, then the cylindrical piston 122 moves from the end to the intermediate position, the positive pressure Fp of the diameter-variable rubber spring 123 against the tapered friction cylinder 121 gradually decreases, and when the cylindrical piston 122 moves to the intermediate position, no friction force exists between the cylindrical piston 122 and the tapered friction cylinder 121, and the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper 1 is restored to the initial state.
In the present embodiment, the friction coefficient of the tapered friction cylinder 121 is μ, when the piston head 1221 is at the piston rod 1222, the positive pressure fp=f0 of the tapered rubber spring 123 against the tapered friction cylinder 121, when the piston head 1221 is moved leftward or rightward Δl, the tapered rubber spring 123 is pressed, the compression amount of the tapered rubber spring 123 is t= [ D2-D1/L1] ×Δl, at this time, the positive pressure fp=f0+t×k of the tapered rubber spring 123 against the tapered friction cylinder 121, where K is the rigidity of the tapered rubber spring 123, at this time, the friction force f=μ×fp between the tapered friction cylinder 121 and the cylindrical piston 122.
That is, when no earthquake occurs, the self-resetting compound type friction damper 1 is in an initial state, that is, the viscoelastic cylinder 114 is not deformed, the inner cylinder 113 is located at the intermediate position of the outer cylinder 111, the cylindrical piston 122 is not moved, and the cylindrical piston 122 is located at the intermediate position of the conical friction cylinder 121.
When the moving end ear ring 136 moves leftward as shown in fig. 11 due to an earthquake, the displacement change of the cylindrical piston 122 is small due to small interlayer displacement caused by the small earthquake, and the cylindrical piston 122 cannot move under the action of the reducing rubber spring 123, and at this time, the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper 1 generates energy consumption through the shear deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder 114, so that the inner cylinder 113 moves leftward. When the earthquake stops, the viscoelastic cylinder 114 provides a restoring force to move the inner cylinder 113 rightward to the initial position, and the self-restoring compound type variable friction damper 1 is restored to the initial state. As shown in fig. 12, when the middle and large shocks occur, the inter-layer displacement caused is large, and the limit of the shear deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder 114 has been exceeded, at this time, the self-resetting compound type friction damper 1 first generates energy consumption by the shear deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder 114 to cancel a part of the displacement, the inner cylinder 113 moves leftward, and when the shear deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder 114 reaches the limit (i.e., after the inner cylinder 113 moves leftward to the limit), the piston head 1221 starts to move toward the left end, at this time, the reducing rubber spring 123 is pressed, the positive pressure Fp of the reducing rubber spring 123 against the conical friction cylinder 121 increases, so that the friction force f between the conical friction cylinder 121 and the piston head 1221 increases, and finally the remaining displacement is canceled. When the earthquake stops, first, the viscoelastic cylinder 114 provides a restoring force to move the inner cylinder 113 rightward to the initial position, then the piston head 1221 moves from the left end portion to the intermediate position, the positive pressure Fp of the tapered rubber spring 123 against the tapered friction cylinder 121 gradually decreases, and after the piston head 1221 moves to the intermediate position, there is no friction between the piston head 1221 and the tapered friction cylinder 121, and the self-restoring compound type variable friction damper 1 is restored to the initial state.
When the moving end ear ring 136 moves rightwards due to earthquake, the displacement change of the cylindrical piston 122 is smaller due to smaller interlayer displacement caused by small earthquake when small earthquake occurs, the cylindrical piston 122 cannot move under the action of the reducing rubber spring 123, and at the moment, the self-resetting compound type variable friction damper 1 generates energy consumption through the shearing deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder 114, so that the inner cylinder 113 moves rightwards. When the earthquake stops, the viscoelastic cylinder 114 provides a restoring force to move the inner cylinder 113 to the left to the initial position, and the self-restoring compound type variable friction damper 1 is restored to the initial state. When the middle and large shocks occur, the interlayer displacement caused is larger and exceeds the shear deformation limit of the viscoelastic cylinder 114, at this time, the self-resetting compound type friction damper 1 firstly generates energy consumption through the shear deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder 114 to offset a part of displacement, the inner cylinder 113 moves rightwards, when the shear deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder 114 reaches the limit (i.e. after the inner cylinder 113 moves rightwards to the limit), the cylindrical piston 122 starts to move towards the right end, at this time, the reducing rubber spring 123 is pressed, the positive pressure Fp of the reducing rubber spring 123 to the conical friction cylinder 121 is increased, so that the friction force f between the conical friction cylinder 121 and the piston head 1221 is increased, and the rest displacement is offset finally. When the earthquake stops, first, the viscoelastic cylinder 114 provides a restoring force to move the inner cylinder 113 to the left to the initial position, then the piston head 1221 moves from the right end to the middle position, the positive pressure Fp of the tapered rubber spring 123 against the tapered friction cylinder 121 gradually decreases, and after the piston head 1221 moves to the middle position, there is no friction between the piston head 1221 and the tapered friction cylinder 121, and the self-restoring compound type variable friction damper 1 is restored to the initial state.
In summary, through the mutual matching among the viscoelastic cylinder 114, the conical friction cylinder 121 and the variable-diameter rubber spring 123, the invention can realize that different levels of earthquakes provide corresponding damping performance, better meet the different energy consumption requirements of small, medium and large earthquakes, be easier to realize the self-resetting function of the friction damper, and ensure the functionality and the integrity of the building structure; providing a viscoelastic damping force within a certain displacement range through shear energy consumption of the viscoelastic cylinder 114, and automatically converting into a friction energy consumption mode after the shear limit displacement of the viscoelastic cylinder 114 is designed to exceed the value; by means of the cooperation of the conical friction cylinder 121 and the reducing rubber spring 123, the corresponding friction force can be provided at different positions of the cylindrical piston 122. The self-resetting composite type variable friction damper has a compact structure, two ends are connected by the pin shafts, the installation is convenient, the bearing ball of the linear bearing 133 is in point contact with the bearing sleeve, the steel ball rolls with minimum friction resistance, so that the linear bearing 133 has the characteristics of small friction coefficient and stable operation, the linear bearing 133 can effectively reduce the influence of the friction force of the cylindrical piston 122, the service life of the cylindrical piston 122 is prolonged, and the conical friction cylinder 121 and the variable-diameter rubber spring 123 are both in block type design, so that the product is convenient for actual installation operation.
With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention as an illustration, the above-described descriptions can be used by persons skilled in the relevant art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined as the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A self-resetting composite type variable friction damper, comprising:
-a viscoelastic assembly (11), the viscoelastic assembly (11) comprising an outer cylinder (111) and an inner cylinder (113) arranged inside the outer cylinder (111), a viscoelastic cylinder (114) being arranged between the outer cylinder (111) and the inner cylinder (113);
a variable friction assembly (12), wherein the variable friction assembly (12) comprises a variable diameter rubber spring (123) positioned inside the inner cylinder (113), and a conical friction cylinder (121) positioned inside the variable diameter rubber spring (123), and a cylindrical piston (122) is arranged inside the conical friction cylinder (121);
the connecting assembly (13) comprises a fixed end lug (131) connected with one side of the outer cylinder (111), an outer cylinder end cover (134) connected with the other side of the outer cylinder (111) and a movable end lug (136) connected with the cylindrical piston (122).
2. A self-resetting compound type friction-type damper as defined in claim 1, wherein said cone-shaped friction cylinder (121) comprises a first portion (1211), a second portion (1212) and a third portion (1213) connected in this order, and the lengths of orthographic projections of said first portion (1211), second portion (1212) and third portion (1213) on a horizontal plane are L1, L2, L1, respectively, wherein L2> L1.
3. A self-resetting compound type friction-type damper as defined in claim 2, wherein the second portion (1212) has an inner diameter D2, the first portion (1211) has an inner diameter D1 at the left end, the third portion (1213) has an inner diameter D1 at the right end, wherein D2> D1, the first portion (1211) has an inner diameter that gradually changes from D1 to D2 from the left end to the right end, and the third portion (1213) has an inner diameter that gradually changes from D1 to D2 from the right end to the left end.
4. A self-resetting compound type friction-reducing damper as defined in claim 3, wherein said cylindrical piston (122) comprises:
a piston head (1221) and a piston rod (1222);
the piston head (1221) is connected with one end of the piston rod (1222), the piston head (1221) is located inside the conical friction cylinder (121), the other end of the piston rod (1222) is connected with the movable end ear ring (136), wherein the outer diameter of the piston head (1221) is D3, the length is L3, D3> D2, and L3=L2.
5. A self-resetting compound type friction-type damper as claimed in claim 1, wherein both sides of said inner cylinder (113) are provided with inner cylinder end caps (115), said inner cylinder end caps (115) are fixedly connected with said inner cylinder (113), and an outer diameter of said inner cylinder (113) is identical to an outer diameter of said inner cylinder end caps (115);
a linear bearing (133) is arranged on the outer cylinder end cover (134), and the cylindrical piston (122) penetrates through the linear bearing (133).
6. A self-resetting compound type friction-type damper as defined in claim 5, wherein in an unstressed state, said viscoelastic cylinder (114) has a thickness d, a distance between a right end face of said fixed end earring (131) and said inner cylinder end cover (115) on the left side is h, and a distance between a left end face of said linear bearing (133) and said inner cylinder end cover (115) on the right side is h, wherein h= 2*d.
7. A self-resetting compound type variable friction damper as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conical friction cylinder (121) is equally divided into two halves in the axial direction and three halves in the radial direction, and the thickness of the conical friction cylinder (121) is equal everywhere;
the reducing rubber spring (123) is divided into two halves along the axial direction.
8. A self-resetting compound type friction damper as defined in claim 5, wherein the inner sides of both said inner cylinder end caps (115) are provided with a bump guard (14).
9. A method of using a self-resetting compound type variable friction damper as defined in any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:
s1: the method comprises the steps of connecting the left end of a self-resetting composite type variable friction damper (1) with a lower node plate (5), connecting the right end of the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper (1) with an upper node plate (501), connecting the lower node plate (5) with a lower buttress wall (3), connecting the upper node plate (501) with an upper buttress wall (301), connecting the lower buttress wall (3) with a lower supporting beam (4), connecting the upper buttress wall (301) with an upper supporting beam (401), and connecting the lower supporting beam (4) with the upper supporting beam (401) through a supporting column (2);
s2: when no earthquake occurs, the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper (1) is in an initial state, namely the viscoelastic cylinder (114) is not deformed, the inner cylinder (113) is positioned at the middle position of the outer cylinder (111), the cylindrical piston (122) is not moved, and the cylindrical piston (122) is positioned at the middle position of the conical friction cylinder (121);
s3: when small earthquake occurs, the displacement change of the cylindrical piston (122) is smaller due to the smaller interlayer displacement caused by the small earthquake, the cylindrical piston (122) cannot move under the action of the reducing rubber spring (123), at the moment, the self-resetting compound type friction damper (1) generates energy consumption through the shearing deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder (114), and when the earthquake stops, the viscoelastic cylinder (114) provides a restoring force to enable the inner cylinder (113) to move to an initial position, and the self-resetting compound type friction damper (1) is restored to the initial state;
s4: when middle and large shocks occur, the interlayer displacement caused is larger and exceeds the shearing deformation limit of the viscoelastic cylinder (114), and at the moment, the self-resetting composite type variable friction damper (1) firstly counteracts a part of displacement through energy consumption generated by shearing deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder (114); when the shear deformation of the viscoelastic cylinder (114) reaches the limit, the cylindrical piston (122) starts to move towards the end, at this time, the reducing rubber spring (123) is extruded, the positive pressure Fp of the reducing rubber spring (123) to the conical friction cylinder (121) is increased, so that the friction force f between the conical friction cylinder (121) and the cylindrical piston (122) is increased, the rest displacement is finally counteracted, when the earthquake stops, firstly, the viscoelastic cylinder (114) provides a restoring force to enable the inner cylinder (113) to move to the initial position, then, the cylindrical piston (122) moves from the end to the middle position, the positive pressure Fp of the reducing rubber spring (123) to the conical friction cylinder (121) is gradually reduced, and when the cylindrical piston (122) moves to the middle position, no friction force exists between the cylindrical piston (122) and the conical friction cylinder (121), and the self-resetting composite type friction damper (1) is restored to the initial state.
10. The method of using a self-resetting compound type variable friction damper as defined in claim 9, wherein a friction coefficient of the tapered friction cylinder (121) is μ, when a piston head (1221) is located at a piston rod (1222), a positive pressure fp=f0 of the tapered friction cylinder (121) by the reducing rubber spring (123), when the piston head (1221) moves to the left or right Δl, the reducing rubber spring (123) is pressed, and a compression amount of the reducing rubber spring (123) is t= [ (D2-D1)/L1 ] ×Δl, at which time, a positive pressure fp=f0+t×k of the tapered friction cylinder (121) by the reducing rubber spring (123), wherein K is a rigidity of the reducing rubber spring (123), at which time, a friction force f=μ×fp between the tapered friction cylinder (121) and the cylindrical piston (122).
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