CN111349782B - Method for improving filtering efficiency of complex molybdenum ore direct leaching ore pulp - Google Patents

Method for improving filtering efficiency of complex molybdenum ore direct leaching ore pulp Download PDF

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CN111349782B
CN111349782B CN202010295694.1A CN202010295694A CN111349782B CN 111349782 B CN111349782 B CN 111349782B CN 202010295694 A CN202010295694 A CN 202010295694A CN 111349782 B CN111349782 B CN 111349782B
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molybdenum
ore
leaching
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complex molybdenum
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CN111349782A (en
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霍玉宝
赵磊
李映兵
林江顺
万俊
王海塔
任志刚
高东星
程瑞泉
袁征
金凤博
刘永涛
李平
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Zhonghe Guyuan Uranium Industry Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/04Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
    • C22B3/06Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
    • C22B3/08Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B34/00Obtaining refractory metals
    • C22B34/30Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
    • C22B34/34Obtaining molybdenum
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

A method for improving the filtering efficiency of complex molybdenum ore direct leaching ore pulp belongs to the technical field of molybdenum comprehensive recovery. According to the invention, the granularity of the complex molybdenum ore after crushing and grinding is controlled to be +0.5 mm-5.0 mm, which accounts for more than 90%, and the additive and the leachate are added for oxygen pressure leaching, so that the direct leaching of coarse-particle complex molybdenum ore and the efficient filtering of leached ore pulp are realized. Under the same condition, the molybdenum leaching rate is kept above 90%, and the ore pulp filtering time is reduced by above 70%. On the premise of ensuring the Mo recovery rate, the invention greatly improves the filtration efficiency of the complex molybdenum ore directly leached ore pulp, effectively solves the bottleneck problem of liquid-solid separation in the current complex molybdenum ore industrial development, greatly promotes the implementation process of the complex molybdenum ore oxygen pressure leaching industrialization, ensures that the development and utilization of the complex molybdenum ore have economic feasibility, and has important significance for realizing the green and high-efficiency recovery of a large amount of low-grade complex molybdenum ores existing in China.

Description

Method for improving filtering efficiency of complex molybdenum ore direct leaching ore pulp
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive recovery of molybdenum, and relates to a method for improving the filtering efficiency of direct leaching ore pulp of complex molybdenum ore.
Background
A large amount of low-grade molybdenum ores exist in Hebei, Hunan and Guizhou of China, the occurrence state is complex, and main metal minerals comprise pyrrhotite, a small amount of zinc blende, galena, chalcopyrite, marcasite, hematite and the like; the nonmetallic minerals include quartz, feldspar, fluorite, hydromica, dolomite, etc. Molybdenum mainly exists in hydromica and limonite in the form of oxide, accounts for about 80% of total molybdenum, and partially exists in the forms of molybdenite, complex molybdenite, blue molybdenite and the like, and a special molybdenum mineral-molybdenum colloid sulfide ore commonly exists in the ores, namely homogeneous amorphous colloidal MoS produced by colloid and spherulite2Amorphous and colloidal MoS produced in black fine powder or gel form due to the order of the internal formation of the ore2Often, the surface green ores are attached to the surfaces of molybdenum ores or other ores, and the attached ores are wrapped by compact sulfides, so that the permeation of a leaching agent into the inclusion and the oxidation and leaching of molybdenum-containing ores by an oxidant are hindered, and the leaching difficulty of molybdenum is increased.
Because the molybdenum-containing minerals are embedded extremely finely, mainly colloidal minerals are used, crystalline minerals are not seen under a microscope, and the floatability is poor. The coarse grinding can not be carried out by monomer dissociation, the fine grinding is easy to argillization, and the enrichment of uranium and molybdenum can not be effectively realized by a mineral separation mode. Because the complex molybdenum ore cannot be enriched by mineral separation, the complex molybdenum ore is mainly processed by directly smelting raw ore, and the common treatment methods are as follows: conventional acid leaching, conventional alkali leaching, acid-mixing curing and the like. The conventional acid leaching or alkali leaching adopts sulfuric acid or alkali as a leaching agent, hydrogen peroxide, pyrolusite or potassium permanganate and the like as oxidizing agents, and the molybdenum leaching rate is greatly changed and fluctuates by 30-70 percent under the influence of ore properties by heating and stirring leaching. Meanwhile, the consumption of the oxidant is high, certain domestic smelting enterprises adopt hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant, the consumption of the hydrogen peroxide reaches 12% of the ore amount when the consumption is the highest, and the consumption of the hydrogen peroxide is nearly 4000 ten thousand yuan per year; in recent years, molybdenum is low in price and hard to bear by enterprises, and only a leaching mode of reducing hydrogen peroxide consumption is adopted, but the leaching rate of molybdenum is too low and is less than 40%. The key point of the problem is that the molybdenum in the molybdenum sulphide ore is difficult to oxidize effectively, so that the molybdenum cannot be leached into a solution, and about 60 percent of molybdenum enters leaching slag and is stacked in a tailing pond. On one hand, resources are seriously wasted, and on the other hand, the leached residues are rich in a large amount of molybdenum, so that the environmental risk is severe. The method adopts sulfuric acid mixed ore for curing, and adopts nitric acid or sodium chlorate for auxiliary oxidation to comprehensively recover uranium and molybdenum, the molybdenum leaching rate can reach about 80 percent, but the method is difficult to implement because the process water needs to be recycled and nitrate and chloride are difficult to economically remove due to the environmental protection requirement at present.
Around the efficient development of complex molybdenum ore in recent years, CN201611246386.X proposes a direct oxygen pressure leaching process of raw ore, which utilizes oxygen in oxygen or air to efficiently oxidize the molybdenum-sulfur ore in the complex molybdenum ore at a certain temperature, thereby effectively realizing the enhanced leaching of molybdenum, and the molybdenum leaching rate can be increased from 40% of the conventional process to more than 90%. In practice, because the molybdenum-containing minerals are embedded extremely finely, according to the technical scheme disclosed in the prior art, the ore needs to be finely ground to-200 meshes which account for more than 60 percent, so that the molybdenum leaching rate is more than or equal to 80 percent. Meanwhile, the molybdenum ore is seriously argillized, and the difficulty in liquid-solid separation of ore pulp after leaching is further aggravated after fine grinding, so that the direct oxygen pressure leaching process of the complex molybdenum ore is difficult to implement and apply in industry, and the economic development and utilization of the complex molybdenum ore cannot be effectively solved.
Aiming at the difficult problem of difficult filtration and separation of the complex molybdenum ore direct leaching pulp, people desire a method for improving the filtration efficiency of the complex molybdenum ore direct leaching pulp, so that the direct leaching process can be practically applied in industry, and the complex molybdenum ore is developed and utilized with economic feasibility.
Disclosure of Invention
Through a large number of comparative researches, the inventor of the invention finds that gaps can be effectively opened on the surface of coarse-particle ore by adding proper minerals or a certain specific additive in the oxygen pressure leaching process, so that molybdenum-containing ore in the ore is exposed, the morphological characteristics of complex molybdenum ore particles are maintained while molybdenum is efficiently leached, and the filtering performance of leached ore pulp is effectively improved. The invention aims to solve the problems of micro-embedding, poor adaptability of a leaching process, serious argillization, low molybdenum leaching rate and difficult liquid-solid separation of leached ore pulp in the existing complex molybdenum ore, and provides a method for improving the filtering efficiency of the complex molybdenum ore direct leached ore pulp. Compared with the existing fine grinding leaching process, the method of the invention can keep the molybdenum leaching rate above 90% and reduce the ore pulp filtering time by above 70% by using the same complex molybdenum ore. The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A method for improving the filtering efficiency of complex molybdenum ore direct leaching ore pulp is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing and grinding the complex molybdenum ore, wherein the granularity of the crushed and ground complex molybdenum ore is controlled to be +0.5 mm-5.0 mm and accounts for more than 90 percent;
(2) adding the crushed and ground complex molybdenum ore obtained in the step (1) into a reaction kettle, adding an additive and a leaching solution, carrying out oxygen pressure leaching, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation on the leached ore pulp to obtain a solution rich in molybdenum;
(3) extracting molybdenum from the molybdenum-rich solution obtained in the step (2) by adopting a conventional method.
Further, the additive in the step (2) is fluorite and CaF2、NaF、KF、NH4F, wherein the addition amount of the additive is 0.1-8% of the mass of the complex molybdenum ore. The additive is preferably fluorite, and the addition amount is 1 to 3 percent of the mass of the complex molybdenum ore.
Through experimental research, the inventor finds that the leaching effect of the coarse-particle complex molybdenum ore containing fluorite is obviously better under the same condition, and the molybdenum leaching rate is higher by more than 15% compared with that of the coarse-particle complex molybdenum ore containing fluorite; compared with finely ground complex molybdenum ore (-0.074 mm)>70 percent) of the ore pulp is leached out by oxygen pressure, and the filtering time is reduced by more than 70 percent. Research on the basis shows that the targeted addition of fluorite can greatly improve the leaching effect and the molybdenum leaching rate of coarse-particle complex molybdenum oresHigher than 40% (parallel test without adding fluorite, molybdenum leaching rate is 40% -45%; test with adding fluorite, molybdenum leaching rate>90%); and the filtering performance of the leached ore pulp is kept better, and the filtering time of the ore pulp with the same volume is reduced from 90min to 25 min. Further studies have found that the addition of CaF2、NaF、KF、NH4F and other additives can also improve the leaching effect and molybdenum leaching rate of coarse-particle complex molybdenum ores>90 percent; the same leached ore pulp filtering performance is kept, and the filtering time of the ore pulp with the same volume is about 25 min. More intensive studies have shown that: fluorite, CaF2、NaF、KF、NH4And F and other additives are added, so that the wrapping of hydromica, feldspar, limonite and the like on the molybdenum-containing ore is effectively improved in the leaching process, gaps are opened on the surfaces of complex molybdenum ore particles, the molybdenum-containing ore in the ore is exposed and is contacted with the leaching solution, and the molybdenum is oxidized by oxygen to be leached. Under the same condition, the molybdenum leaching rate is kept above 90%, and the ore pulp filtering time is reduced by above 60%.
Further, the leachate in the step (2) contains H2SO4In which H is2SO4H with a concentration of 5g/L to 50g/L, preferably2SO4The concentration is 15 g/L-35 g/L. The leaching of low acid avoids the dissolution of a large amount of hydromica, feldspar, limonite and other minerals in the complex molybdenum ore, is beneficial to keeping the morphological characteristics of particles, and can effectively improve the filtering performance of leached ore pulp.
Further, the liquid-solid ratio (volume-mass ratio) of the oxygen pressure leaching in the step (2) is 1-6: 1L/kg, and the preferable liquid-solid ratio is 1.5-2.5: 1L/kg.
Further, the oxygen pressure leaching temperature in the step (2) is 100-200 ℃, preferably 135-165 ℃, which is far lower than the oxygen pressure leaching temperature of the conventional molybdenum concentrate by 220-250 ℃.
Further, the oxidant for oxygen pressure leaching in the step (2) is oxygen or air, the oxygen partial pressure is 0.02-1.0 Mpa, and the more suitable oxygen partial pressure is 0.2-0.5 Mpa. Compared with the conventional molybdenum concentrate oxygen pressure leaching, nitric acid or nitrate is not required to be added as an oxidant, and the treatment of ammonia nitrogen wastewater is not required to be considered in the subsequent treatment process, so that the circulation of the solution in the whole uranium and molybdenum recovery system is facilitated.
Further, the leaching time of the oxygen pressure leaching in the step (2) is 0.1 to 3 hours, and preferably the leaching time is 0.2 to 1 hour. The rapid reaction process avoids the massive dissolution of hydromica, feldspar, limonite and other minerals in the complex molybdenum ore, is favorable for keeping the morphological characteristics of particles, and can effectively improve the filtering performance of leached ore pulp.
The method for improving the filtering efficiency of the direct leaching ore pulp of the complex molybdenum ore provided by the invention has the advantages that: aiming at the oxygen pressure direct leaching process of the complex molybdenum ore with variable Mo and S properties, the high-efficiency direct leaching of the coarse-particle complex molybdenum ore can be realized by controlling the granularity of the complex molybdenum ore and adding a certain additive, the filtering efficiency of the direct leaching pulp of the complex molybdenum ore is greatly improved on the premise of ensuring the Mo recovery rate, the bottleneck problem of liquid-solid separation in the current complex molybdenum ore industrial development is effectively solved, the implementation process of the oxygen pressure leaching industrialization of the complex molybdenum ore is greatly promoted, the development and utilization of the complex molybdenum ore have economic feasibility, and the oxygen pressure direct leaching process has important significance for realizing the green and high-efficiency recovery of a large number of low-grade complex molybdenum ores in China.
Detailed Description
The process of the present invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples to facilitate the understanding of the contents of the invention and its advantages, but not to limit the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims.
The complex molybdenum ores in the comparative example and the example are low-grade complex molybdenum ores adopted in industrial production of certain molybdenum smelting enterprises, and the compositions of the complex molybdenum ores are as follows:
element(s) Mo Fe Al SiO2 S
Complex molybdenum ore/% 1.04 2.62 5.25 61.09 3.7
Comparative example 1
500g of complex molybdenum ore is crushed and finely ground to the granularity of-0.074 mm>90 percent of leaching solution, 50g/L H percent of leaching solution2SO4The solution is added without additive, the leaching temperature is 160 ℃, and the oxidant is O2Leaching process O2The partial pressure is 0.3MPa, the liquid-solid ratio is 3:1, the leaching time is 3h, the molybdenum oxidation rate is 99%, and the molybdenum leaching rate is 95%. Filtering the leached ore pulp for 90min, extracting molybdenum from the leached liquid by adopting a solvent extraction method, washing leached residues, then sending the washed leached residues to a tailing pond for stockpiling, and merging the washing water of the leached residues into the leached liquid to recover molybdenum or returning to prepare the leached liquid.
Comparative example 2
500g of complex molybdenum ore is crushed and finely ground to the granularity of 0.5mm>90 percent of leaching solution, 50g/L H percent of leaching solution2SO4The solution is added without additive, the leaching temperature is 160 ℃, and the oxidant is O2Leaching process O2The partial pressure is 0.3MPa, the liquid-solid ratio is 3:1, the leaching time is 3 hours, the molybdenum oxidation rate is 45 percent, and the molybdenum leaching rate is 40 percent. Filtering the leached ore pulp for 27min, extracting molybdenum from the leached liquid by adopting a solvent extraction method, washing leached residues, then sending the washed leached residues to a tailing pond for stockpiling, and merging the washing water of the leached residues into the leached liquid to recover molybdenum or returning to prepare the leached liquid.
Example 1
500g of complex molybdenum ore is crushed and finely ground to the granularity of 0.5mm>90 percent of leaching solution, 50g/L H percent of leaching solution2SO4The additive is fluorite, the adding amount of the fluorite is 3 percent of the amount of the ore, the leaching temperature is 160 ℃, and the oxidant is O2Leaching process O2The partial pressure is 0.3MPa, the liquid-solid ratio is 3:1, the leaching time is 3h, the molybdenum oxidation rate is 99%, and the molybdenum leaching rate is 92%. Filtering the leached ore pulp for 25min, extracting molybdenum from the leached liquid by adopting a solvent extraction method, washing leached residues, then sending the washed leached residues to a tailing pond for stockpiling, and merging the washing water of the leached residues into the leached liquid to recover molybdenum or returning to prepare the leached liquid.
Example 2
500g of complex molybdenum ore is crushed and finely ground to the granularity of 0.85mm>90 percent of leaching solution, 100g/L H percent of leaching solution2SO4The additive is NaF, the adding amount of NaF is 1 percent of the ore amount, the leaching temperature is 180 ℃, and the oxidant is O2Leaching process O2The partial pressure is 0.3MPa, the liquid-solid ratio is 5:1, the leaching time is 2 hours, the molybdenum oxidation rate is 99 percent, and the molybdenum leaching rate is 93 percent. Filtering the leached ore pulp for 24min, extracting molybdenum from the leached liquid by adopting a solvent extraction method, washing leached residues, then sending the washed leached residues to a tailing pond for stockpiling, and merging the washing water of the leached residues into the leached liquid to recover the molybdenum.
Example 3
500g of complex molybdenum ore is crushed and finely ground to the granularity of 1.0mm>90 percent of leaching solution, 150g/L H percent of leaching solution2SO4The additive is CaF, the adding amount of CaF is 1.5% of the ore amount, the leaching temperature is 140 ℃, and the oxidant is O2Leaching process O2The partial pressure is 0.5MPa, the liquid-solid ratio is 5:1, the leaching time is 6 hours, the molybdenum oxidation rate is 99 percent, and the molybdenum leaching rate is 90 percent. Filtering the leached ore pulp for 23min, extracting molybdenum from the leached liquid by adopting a solvent extraction method, washing leached residues, then sending the washed leached residues to a tailing pond for stockpiling, and merging the washing water of the leached residues into the leached liquid to recover the molybdenum.
As can be seen from comparative example 1, no additive was added, and oxygen pressure leaching was carried out after fine grinding, although the molybdenum leaching rate was 95%, the leaching pulp filtration time was 90 min. From comparative example 2 it can be seen that the coarse particle oxygen pressure leaching without the addition of additives, although the pulp filtration time is short, the molybdenum leaching rate is only 40%. The method of comparative example 1 has low production efficiency, and the method of comparative example 2 has low molybdenum recovery rate, and is difficult to be applied and implemented industrially. From the examples 1-3, it can be seen that, in the same complex molybdenum ore, after the method of the present invention is adopted to control the granularity of the complex molybdenum ore and the additive is added, the leaching rates of coarse particle oxygen pressure leaching molybdenum are all above 90%, and meanwhile, the leaching ore pulp has short filtering time and good industrial application prospects.

Claims (11)

1. The method for improving the filtering efficiency of the complex molybdenum ore direct leaching ore pulp is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) crushing and grinding the complex molybdenum ore, wherein the granularity of the crushed and ground complex molybdenum ore is controlled to be more than 90% from +0.5mm to-5.0 mm;
(2) adding the crushed and ground complex molybdenum ore obtained in the step (1) into a reaction kettle, adding an additive and a leaching solution, carrying out oxygen pressure leaching, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation on the leached ore pulp to obtain a solution rich in molybdenum; the additive is fluorite and CaF2、NaF、KF、NH4One or more F, wherein the addition amount of the additive is 0.1-8% of the mass of the complex molybdenum ore; the leachate contains H2SO4Aqueous solution of (a), H2SO4The concentration is 5 g/L-50 g/L;
(3) extracting molybdenum from the molybdenum-rich solution obtained in the step (2) by adopting a conventional method.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the additive in the step (2) is fluorite, and the addition amount is 1-3% of the mass of the complex molybdenum ore.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein H is added in step (2)2SO4The concentration is 15 g/L-35 g/L.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid-solid ratio of the oxygen pressure leaching in the step (2) is 1-6: 1L/kg.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the liquid-solid ratio of oxygen pressure leaching is 1.5-2.5: 1L/kg.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the oxygen pressure leaching in step (2) is 100 deg.foC~200oC。
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the temperature of oxygen pressure leaching is 135 deg.CoC~165oC。
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxidant for the oxygen pressure leaching in the step (2) is oxygen or air, and the oxygen partial pressure is 0.02-1.0 MPa.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the oxygen partial pressure is 0.2 to 0.5 MPa.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen pressure leaching in step (2) is carried out for a leaching time of 0.1-3 hours.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the leaching time is 0.2 to 1 hour.
CN202010295694.1A 2020-04-15 2020-04-15 Method for improving filtering efficiency of complex molybdenum ore direct leaching ore pulp Active CN111349782B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4311679A (en) * 1981-01-19 1982-01-19 Amax Inc. Treatment of sodium tungstate leach liquor containing dissolved silica, phosphorus, and fluorine impurities
CN101514403A (en) * 2009-04-07 2009-08-26 同济大学 Method for volatilizing and enriching molybdenum from molybdenum tailings
CN106834674A (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-06-13 北京矿冶研究总院 Method for oxygen pressure leaching of uranium and molybdenum from uranium molybdenum ore

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4311679A (en) * 1981-01-19 1982-01-19 Amax Inc. Treatment of sodium tungstate leach liquor containing dissolved silica, phosphorus, and fluorine impurities
CN101514403A (en) * 2009-04-07 2009-08-26 同济大学 Method for volatilizing and enriching molybdenum from molybdenum tailings
CN106834674A (en) * 2016-12-29 2017-06-13 北京矿冶研究总院 Method for oxygen pressure leaching of uranium and molybdenum from uranium molybdenum ore

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