CN111349446A - Soil stabilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Soil stabilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111349446A CN111349446A CN202010359744.8A CN202010359744A CN111349446A CN 111349446 A CN111349446 A CN 111349446A CN 202010359744 A CN202010359744 A CN 202010359744A CN 111349446 A CN111349446 A CN 111349446A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
- C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds
- C09K17/32—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds of natural origin, e.g. cellulosic materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C2101/00—In situ
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, and particularly discloses a soil stabilizer, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials: urea, trimellitic anhydride, corn starch, soluble fiber, EM bacteria, hydroxypropyl cellulose, cassava starch, allyl alcohol fiber and a pH regulator. The soil stabilizer prepared by the embodiment of the invention has the performance of generating bonding adsorption with soil, can be solidified under the condition of not adding a large amount of fibers and organic matters through reasonable compatibility of various raw materials, greatly reduces the cost, and has wide application range; the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple, and the prepared soil stabilizer can make soil flexible when used for soil improvement and restoration, is beneficial to plant growth, has water absorption, and solves the problems of excessive fiber and organic matter added in the existing soil stabilizer and high cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a soil stabilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of society, environmental governance issues also become one of the hot spots of people's attention. The soil stabilizer is used as a soil additive, can be mixed with water and then controls and manages different soil conditions through a series of physical and chemical reactions, and has important significance for environmental management.
Generally, the soil stabilizer is prepared from various inorganic and organic materials, can be used for repairing soil by adopting a spray-seeding technology, and is particularly suitable for greening rock-soil side slopes and soil-included-stone side slopes with high weathering degree. At present, in order to improve the solidification effect of matrix materials such as soil, a large amount of fibers and organic matters need to be added into the existing soil stabilizer. The above technical solutions have the following disadvantages in practical use: the existing soil stabilizer has the problem of overhigh cost caused by excessive addition of fibers and organic matters in the soil stabilizer.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a soil stabilizer, which solves the problems of excessive addition of fiber and organic matter and excessive cost of the prior soil stabilizer in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of trimellitic anhydride, 9-12 parts of corn starch, 15-20 parts of soluble fiber, 0.01-0.03 part of EM (effective microorganisms), 2-3 parts of pH regulator, 10-15 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of cassava starch and 5.5-6.5 parts of allyl alcohol fiber.
As a further scheme of the invention: the soil stabilizer is water-soluble powder, and the minimum solidification temperature is not more than 0 ℃.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the soil stabilizer can be naturally degraded into humic acid fertilizer, in particular to humic acid organic fertilizer, and generally, the soil stabilizer is gradually and naturally degraded into the humic acid organic fertilizer in 70-90 days.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the raw materials of the soil stabilizer also comprise a proper amount of water.
The EM bacterium is a microbial preparation compounded by more than 80 kinds of microorganisms including photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, actinomycetes, and the like, and can be an existing product, and the specific type is selected according to the requirement, which is not limited herein.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of trimellitic anhydride, 9-12 parts of corn starch, 15-20 parts of soluble fiber, 0.01-0.03 part of EM (effective microorganisms), 2-3 parts of pH regulator, 10-15 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of cassava starch, 5.5-6.5 parts of allyl alcohol fiber and 22-26 parts of water.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of trimellitic anhydride, 9-12 parts of corn starch, 15-20 parts of soluble fiber, 0.01-0.03 part of EM (effective microorganism) bacteria, 2-3 parts of pH regulator, 10-15 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of cassava starch, 5.5-6.5 parts of allyl alcohol fiber, 22-26 parts of water and 0.5-0.6 part of additive.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.2-1.9 parts of urea, 3.5-4.7 parts of trimellitic anhydride, 10-11 parts of corn starch, 16-18 parts of soluble fiber, 0.01-0.02 part of EM (effective microorganism) bacteria, 2-2.5 parts of pH regulator, 11-13 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2-2.6 parts of cassava starch, 5.8-6.2 parts of allyl alcohol fiber and a proper amount of water.
Preferably, the soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.85 parts of urea, 4.32 parts of trimellitic anhydride, 11 parts of corn starch, 17 parts of soluble fiber, 0.02 part of EM (effective microorganism) bacteria, 2.35 parts of pH regulator, 12 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2.33 parts of cassava starch, 6 parts of allyl alcohol fiber, 24 parts of water and 0.58 part of additive.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the corn starch may be a finished corn starch product of an existing product, that is, a corn starch product prepared by the steps of crushing, sieving, precipitating, drying, grinding and the like after the corn is soaked in sulfurous acid, or a modified corn starch product obtained by changing the properties of natural corn starch by means of physical, chemical, enzyme and the like, and a starch derivative (for example, a modified corn starch extract), and specifically, the modified corn starch product may be a pre-gelatinized starch, an acidified starch, an oxidized starch, an etherified starch, an esterified starch, a cross-linked starch or a grafted starch existing product.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the soluble fiber is Lyocell (Lyocell) fiber, which takes N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide as a solvent, is used for the regenerated cellulose fiber spun by a wet method, and has the characteristic of natural degradation.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the hydroxypropyl cellulose is hydroxypropyl cellulose soluble in Dimethylformamide (DMF).
As a still further scheme of the invention: the additive may be a salt compound, such as borate, or may be a high molecular weight salt-reducing polymer, such as polyacrylic acid, hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, and the like, and is specifically selected according to the needs, and is not limited herein.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the water may be any one selected from purified water (pure water), mineral water, distilled water, deionized water, and soft water, and is not limited thereto and may be selected as needed.
Preferably, the water is pure water.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the pH regulator may be any reagent for pH regulation conventional in the art, such as ammonia, sodium hydroxide solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, potassium hydroxide solution, etc., and is not limited herein.
Another object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a soil stabilizer, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing cassava starch according to a proportion, adding water, uniformly mixing, then spraying and uniformly mixing with soluble fiber, hydroxypropyl cellulose and allyl alcohol fiber according to a proportion by using a spray mixer (which can be an existing product, the specific type is selected according to requirements, and the specific type is not limited in the specification), and obtaining flocculent wet powder;
2) adding corn starch into the flocculent wet powder obtained in the step 1), and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a soft pasty non-adhesive mixture;
3) weighing urea and trimellitic anhydride according to a proportion, adding water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a spray material;
4) spraying the mixture obtained in the step 2) on the sprayed material obtained in the step 3), adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH value to obtain a dispersed paste, adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the dispersed paste, putting the dispersed paste into a fermentation tank to ferment, taking out the dispersed paste after fermentation, drying and crushing the dried paste to obtain the soil stabilizer.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the moisture content of the flocculent moist powder is 5-7 wt%.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and adding water into the cassava starch, and uniformly mixing, wherein the addition amount of the water is 6-7 times of the weight of the cassava starch.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the pH value is adjusted to 5.8-6.2.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the fermentation time is 60-80 h.
Preferably, the fermentation time is 72 h.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the soil stabilizer further comprises the step of adding additives during the adjustment of the pH value.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the soil stabilizer also comprises a packaging step.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the packaging can be realized by adopting a packaging method in the prior art, and the specific packaging material can be a paper material, a plastic material, a glass material, a metal material, a ceramic material, a bamboo material, a leather material, other composite materials and the like, for example, the packaging box can be a packaging box (such as a paper box, a micro tile, a general tile, a honeycomb paperboard, a display rack and the like), a packaging box (a color box, a carton box, a micro corrugated paper box and the like), a packaging bag (a plastic packaging bag, a plastic composite bag, a single-layer plastic bag and the like), a packaging bottle (a plastic bottle, a glass bottle, a common bottle, a crystal bottle and the like), a packaging can (an iron can, an aluminum can, a glass can, a paper can and the like), a packaging tube (a hose, a composite hose, a plastic hose, an aluminum tube and the like), a packaging container (a tray, a paper label, a paper.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a soil stabilizer prepared by the above method.
Another object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an application of the soil stabilizer in soil improvement and remediation.
Specifically, the soil stabilizer can be directly dry-mixed with the matrix materials in advance, the prepared premix only needs to be added with water when in use, and the premix can also be sprayed after being mixed with water in the soil stabilizer, and the adding sequence of the water has no influence on the materials. The soil stabilizer is suitable for spray seeding and greening of all side slopes needing soil stabilization, water and soil conservation, erosion resistance, weathering resistance and freeze thawing resistance, stable restoration of polluted soil and fertilizer conservation of agricultural soil. The soil stabilizer can adapt to various spray-seeding equipment, and has ideal effect in the industries of flower breeding, seedling raising and the like. Because of the unique light soluble characteristic, the modified concrete has excellent improvement and repair effects in dry powder spray seeding, plant growing concrete spray seeding, hydraulic spray seeding, pump type wet spraying, granule spray seeding and the like.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the application of the soil stabilizer in soil improvement and restoration, the dosage of the soil stabilizer is generally 1-20 per mill of the weight of the soil matrix.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the soil stabilizer can achieve ideal effect only by 6-8 wt% concentration in use, and the dosage can be changed according to the use environment so as to achieve different soil stabilization and solidification effects.
As a still further scheme of the invention: after the concentration of the soil stabilizer in use reaches more than 15 wt%, a soil matrix can form a water-blocking film, so that the soil stabilizer reaches a completely solidified state, can be used for fixing loose weathered rocks, sandstone on a high and steep slope and the like, and has the properties of water impermeability and complete water blocking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the soil stabilizer prepared by the embodiment of the invention has the performance of generating bonding adsorption with soil, can be solidified without adding a large amount of fibers and organic matters through reasonable compatibility of the raw materials such as urea, trimellitic anhydride, corn starch, soluble fibers, EM (effective microorganisms), hydroxypropyl cellulose, cassava starch, allyl alcohol fibers and the like, greatly reduces the cost, and has a wide application range; the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple, and the prepared soil stabilizer can make soil flexible when used for soil improvement and restoration, is beneficial to plant growth, has water absorption, and solves the problems of excessive fiber and organic matter added in the existing soil stabilizer and overhigh cost.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials: 1kg of urea, 3kg of trimellitic anhydride, 9kg of corn starch, 15kg of soluble fiber, 0.01kg of EM (effective microorganism) bacteria, 2kg of pH regulator, 10kg of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2kg of cassava starch, 5.5kg of allyl alcohol fiber and 22kg of water, wherein the water is pure water, the soil stabilizer is water-soluble powder, and the minimum solidification temperature is 0 ℃.
In this example, the soil stabilizer is prepared as follows:
1) weighing cassava starch, adding water, uniformly mixing, and then spraying and mixing with soluble fiber, hydroxypropyl cellulose and allyl alcohol fiber by using a spray mixer to obtain flocculent wet powder, wherein the adding amount of the water is 16 kg; wherein the moisture content of the flocculent moist powder is 5 wt%;
2) adding corn starch into the flocculent wet powder obtained in the step 1), and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a soft pasty non-adhesive mixture;
3) weighing urea and trimellitic anhydride, adding the rest water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a spray material;
4) spraying the mixture obtained in the step 2) on the sprayed material obtained in the step 3), adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH value to 5.8 to obtain a dispersed paste, adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the dispersed paste, putting the dispersed paste into a fermentation tank to ferment for 60 hours, taking out the dispersed paste after fermentation is finished, drying and crushing the dispersed paste to obtain the soil stabilizer.
Example 2
A soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials: 2kg of urea, 5kg of trimellitic anhydride, 12kg of corn starch, 20kg of soluble fiber, 0.03kg of EM (effective microorganism) bacteria, 3kg of pH regulator, 15kg of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 3kg of cassava starch, 6.5kg of acrylic alcohol fiber, 26kg of water and 0.58kg of hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, wherein the water is pure water, the soil stabilizer is water-soluble powder, and the lowest curing temperature is-1 ℃.
In this example, the soil stabilizer is prepared as follows:
1) weighing cassava starch, adding water, uniformly mixing, and then spraying and mixing the cassava starch, the water and the soluble fiber, the hydroxypropyl cellulose and the allyl alcohol fiber uniformly by using a spraying mixer to obtain flocculent wet powder; wherein the moisture content of the flocculent moist powder is 7 wt%;
2) adding corn starch into the flocculent wet powder obtained in the step 1), and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a soft pasty non-adhesive mixture;
3) weighing urea and trimellitic anhydride according to a proportion, adding water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a spray material;
4) spraying the mixture obtained in the step 2) on the sprayed material obtained in the step 3), adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH value to 6.2, simultaneously adding hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride to mix uniformly to obtain a dispersed paste, adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the dispersed paste, putting the dispersed paste into a fermentation tank to ferment for 80 hours, taking out the dispersed paste after fermentation is finished, drying and crushing the dispersed paste to obtain the soil stabilizer.
Example 3
A soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials: 1.5kg of urea, 4kg of trimellitic anhydride, 10.5kg of corn starch, 17.5kg of soluble fiber, 0.02kg of EM (effective microorganisms), 2.5kg of pH regulator, 12.5kg of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2.5kg of cassava starch, 6kg of allyl alcohol fiber and 24kg of water, wherein the water is deionized water, and the soil stabilizer is water-soluble powder.
In this example, the soil stabilizer is prepared as follows:
1) weighing cassava starch, adding water, uniformly mixing, wherein the adding amount of the water is 15kg, and then uniformly spraying and mixing the cassava starch, the soluble fiber, the hydroxypropyl cellulose and the allyl alcohol fiber by using a spraying mixer to obtain flocculent wet powder; wherein the moisture content of the flocculent moist powder is 6 wt%;
2) adding corn starch into the flocculent wet powder obtained in the step 1), and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a soft pasty non-adhesive mixture;
3) weighing urea and trimellitic anhydride according to a proportion, adding water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a spray material;
4) spraying the mixture obtained in the step 2) on the sprayed material obtained in the step 3), adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH value to 6 to obtain a dispersed paste, adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the dispersed paste, putting the dispersed paste into a fermentation tank to ferment for 70 hours, taking out the dispersed paste after the fermentation is finished, drying and crushing the dried paste to obtain the soil stabilizer.
Example 4
A soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials: 1.2kg of urea, 3.5kg of trimellitic anhydride, 10kg of modified corn starch extract, 16kg of soluble fiber, 0.01kg of EM bacteria, 2kg of pH regulator, 11kg of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2kg of tapioca starch, 5.8kg of allyl alcohol fiber and 22kg of water, wherein the water is pure water.
In this example, the soil stabilizer is prepared as follows:
1) weighing cassava starch, adding water, uniformly mixing, and then spraying and mixing the cassava starch, the water and the soluble fiber, the hydroxypropyl cellulose and the allyl alcohol fiber uniformly by using a spraying mixer to obtain flocculent wet powder; wherein the moisture content of the flocculent moist powder is 6 wt%;
2) adding corn starch into the flocculent wet powder obtained in the step 1), and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a soft pasty non-adhesive mixture;
3) weighing urea and trimellitic anhydride according to a proportion, adding the rest water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a spray material;
4) spraying the mixture obtained in the step 2) on the sprayed material obtained in the step 3), adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH value to 6 to obtain a dispersed paste, adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the dispersed paste, putting the dispersed paste into a fermentation tank to ferment for 72 hours, taking out the dispersed paste after the fermentation is finished, drying and crushing the dried paste to obtain the soil stabilizer.
Example 5
A soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials: 1.9kg of urea, 4.7kg of trimellitic anhydride, 11kg of corn starch, 18kg of soluble fiber, 0.02kg of EM bacteria, 2.5kg of pH regulator, 13kg of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2.6kg of tapioca starch, 6.2kg of allyl alcohol fiber and 26kg of water, wherein the water is pure water.
In this example, the soil stabilizer is prepared as follows:
1) weighing cassava starch, adding water, uniformly mixing, and then spraying and mixing with soluble fiber, hydroxypropyl cellulose and allyl alcohol fiber by using a spraying mixer to obtain flocculent wet powder, wherein the adding amount of the water is 16.9 kg; wherein the moisture content of the flocculent moist powder is 6 wt%;
2) adding corn starch into the flocculent wet powder obtained in the step 1), and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a soft pasty non-adhesive mixture;
3) weighing urea and trimellitic anhydride according to a proportion, adding the rest water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a spray material;
4) spraying the mixture obtained in the step 2) on the sprayed material obtained in the step 3), adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH value to 6 to obtain a dispersed paste, adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the dispersed paste, putting the dispersed paste into a fermentation tank to ferment for 72 hours, taking out the dispersed paste after the fermentation is finished, drying and crushing the dried paste to obtain the soil stabilizer.
Example 6
A soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials: 1.85kg of urea, 4.32kg of trimellitic anhydride, 11kg of corn starch, 17kg of soluble fiber, 0.02kg of EM bacteria, 2.35kg of pH regulator, 12kg of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2.33kg of tapioca starch, 6kg of acrylic alcohol fiber, 24kg of water and 0.58kg of polyacrylic acid, wherein the water is pure water.
In this example, the soil stabilizer is prepared as follows:
1) weighing cassava starch, adding water, uniformly mixing, and then spraying and uniformly mixing with soluble fiber, hydroxypropyl cellulose and allyl alcohol fiber by using a spraying mixer to obtain flocculent wet powder, wherein the adding amount of the water is 15.145 kg; wherein the moisture content of the flocculent moist powder is 6 wt%;
2) adding corn starch into the flocculent wet powder obtained in the step 1), and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a soft pasty non-adhesive mixture;
3) weighing urea and trimellitic anhydride according to a proportion, adding the rest water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a spray material;
4) spraying the mixture obtained in the step 2) on the sprayed material obtained in the step 3), adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH value to 6, simultaneously adding polyacrylic acid to mix uniformly to obtain a dispersed paste body, adding EM (effective microorganisms) into the dispersed paste body, putting the dispersed paste body into a fermentation tank to ferment for 72 hours, taking out the dispersed paste body after fermentation, drying and crushing the dispersed paste body to obtain the soil stabilizer.
Example 7
The same as example 6 except that polyacrylic acid was not contained, as compared with example 6.
Example 8
The same as example 6, except that the corn starch was replaced with a modified corn starch extract, as compared to example 6.
Example 9
1000kg of soil matrix and 1kg of the soil stabilizer prepared in example 7 were weighed and mixed uniformly for later use, and only water needs to be added and stirred uniformly when in use. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the spray-seeding machine is used for spray-seeding, 0.3-0.8kg of the soil stabilizer is added to each cubic meter of slurry in the tank body, and the soil stabilizer can be added before or after adding water or before spraying, and has no influence on the material, the change of the base material does not occur, such as the long-time suspension of matrix precipitation, only needs to be stirred again, and the stability of the material is not influenced.
Example 10
The amount of the soil stabilizer prepared in example 7 was 5kg compared to example 9, and the rest was the same as example 9.
Example 11
The amount of soil stabilizer prepared in example 7 was 20kg compared to example 9, and the rest was the same as example 9.
Example 12
When the soil stabilizer prepared in the embodiment 7 is used in a dry spraying machine, the soil stabilizer can be mixed with cement, the strength is increased, the mixing uniformity is improved, the cement has no influence on the soil stabilizer, and in wet spraying, dry powder can be added into a stirring machine for mixing, or water can be added into the soil stabilizer, and the mixing through a nozzle has obvious effects.
The soil stabilizer prepared in the example 7 is subjected to performance detection, and the performance detection specifically comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) strength test: the strength characteristics of the base materials are detected, the base materials are divided into 12 groups, the base materials are directly sheared after being maintained for 7 days, the unconfined compressive strength and tensile strength tests are carried out, the result is 100KPa, the test period is 1 month, and the number of participators is 2.
2. And (3) penetration test: the permeability characteristics of the base material are detected, 5 groups are provided, 4 samples (1 standby sample) are provided in each group, the variable water head test is carried out, the test period is 1 month, and the number of participated persons is 1 person.
3. Water retention test: the water retention performance of the base material under the extreme drought condition is detected, the base material with the same water content and the base materials with different proportions are 4 groups, 5 parallel samples in each group are dried in drying ovens at 20, 40 and 60 ℃, the water loss is continuously measured at intervals of 30min, the water retention efficiency is improved by 3-5 percent compared with the base material, the test period is 1 month, and the number of participators is 2.
4. And (3) durability test: the long-term strength change rule of the base material is detected, 3 groups are provided, 5 parallel samples (1 standby sample) in each group are subjected to unconfined compressive strength test, the compressive strength is tested at indoor 30 th, 90 th, 180 th and 270 th days, the reduction of the compressive strength is less than 10%, the test period is 9 months, and the number of participated persons is 1.
5. Dry-wet cycle test: researching the influence of the dry-wet cycle times on the strength of the base material, fixing the change range of the moisture content of 4 samples in each group to be 10-35%, respectively carrying out 0-5 times of dry-wet cycle, selecting 4 moisture content control points of 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%, carrying out a three-axis unconsolidated non-drainage shear test when the moisture content reaches the control points, wherein the confining pressure of 4 samples in each group is respectively 100, 200, 300 and 400kPa, the test period is 4-5 months, and the number of participated people is 2; the influence of the dry-wet cycle width on the strength of the base material was studied, and 3 different dry-wet cycle widths, namely 5% (w ═ 20-25%), 15% (w ═ 15-30%) and 25% (w ═ 10-35%), were designed, and 0-5 dry-wet cycles were performed, respectively, and a three-axis consolidation-free non-drainage shear test was performed using 22.5% as a moisture content control point, and the confining pressures of 4 samples were 100kPa, 200kPa, 300kPa and 400kPa, respectively.
6. Freeze-thaw cycle testing: researching the influence of freeze-thaw cycles on the strength of a base material, 6 groups of 4 samples in each group, designing 6 groups of organic composite base materials with different proportions, freezing at-7 ℃ and unfreezing at 15 ℃, respectively circulating for 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 times, then carrying out a triaxial unconsolidation non-drainage shear test, wherein the confining pressure of each group of 4 samples is respectively 100, 200, 300 and 400kPa, and the time required for completely freezing and unfreezing the samples needs to be measured before the test; the test period is 1-2 months, and the number of participated people is 2.
7. Substrate-rock face adhesion test: the shearing characteristic of the rock-soil interface is researched, 24 groups of tests are carried out, each group of 4 samples are subjected to indoor direct shearing test, and different water contents (14.5-20.5%) and dry densities (1.4-1.7 g/cm) are designed3) Each sample was sequentially at 50kPa, 100kPa, 150kPa, and 200kPaPerforming a shear test of a rock-soil interface under the condition of normal stress of kPa, wherein the rock mass mainly comprises limestone or sandstone, the smooth rock surface is corroded and roughened by selecting corrosion bacteria, and the shear strength of the contact surface of the base material and the rough rock mass under the effect of a root-free system can reach more than 10 kPa; the test period is 2-3 months, and the number of participated people is 3.
8. Vegetation growth test: the influence of the base material on the plant growth is researched, 10 groups of 4 samples are obtained in each group, perennial ryegrass is selected, the germination rate and the average growth height are measured, the grouping test is carried out for comparison and observation, the plant cultivation is respectively carried out under the conditions of plain soil and organic composite base materials with different proportions, the photographing and the measurement are carried out by taking 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days as nodes, 4 soil samples are taken according to time nodes, the change of the shear strength parameter of the soil samples is researched, the germination rate of the plant reaches 90%, the coverage rate of the plant reaches 95%, the test period is 1 month, and the number of participators is 1.
9. And (3) an anti-scouring test: the anti-scouring performance of the base material is researched, 10 groups of samples are provided, each group comprises 2 samples, vegetation growth and non-vegetation growth are divided, the scouring erosion condition of the plain soil and the organic composite base material samples with different proportions is considered, the rainfall intensity is 60mm/h, the rainfall duration is set to be 1h, the slope ratio is 1:0.55, the samples are scoured again after each interval of 48h, the mass loss and the water content change are recorded, the rainfall can be resisted to be more than 50mm/h as a result, the test period is 3 months, and the number of participators is 4.
It should be noted that the soil stabilizers in the above examples are all water-soluble powders, are tasteless and nontoxic after being dissolved, have the unique property of generating bonding adsorption with soil particles, have long storage period, are not afraid of low-temperature storage, and are convenient to use; the soil stabilizer can also be premixed with matrix materials such as soil and the like in advance in a dry mixing manner, only water needs to be added when the soil stabilizer is used, extensibility and controllability can be improved, and the soil stabilizer can be solidified without adding a large amount of fibers and organic matters, so that cost is greatly reduced; the soil stabilizer has the characteristic of still keeping flexibility after solidification, but not the hardening property of the traditional stabilizer, belongs to a flexible solidification stabilizer for ecological matrix soil, and the soil adopting the soil stabilizer has flexibility, is easier for plant growth, and has water absorption, thereby having excellent performances of water erosion resistance, weathering resistance and freeze-thaw resistance; the soil stabilizer has unique light soluble characteristic, can exert effects in the fields of dry powder spray seeding, plant growing concrete spray seeding, hydraulic spray seeding, pump type wet spraying, granule spray seeding and the like, has better water resistance and alkali resistance, and can be applied to the field of soil improvement and restoration.
The soil stabilizer has the advantages that the soil stabilizer prepared by the embodiment of the invention has the performance of generating bonding adsorption with soil, can be solidified without adding a large amount of fibers and organic matters through reasonable compatibility of the raw materials such as urea, trimellitic anhydride, corn starch, soluble fibers, EM (effective microorganisms), hydroxypropyl cellulose, tapioca starch, allyl alcohol fibers and the like, greatly reduces the cost, and has a wide application range; the preparation method of the soil stabilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple, and when the prepared soil stabilizer is used for soil improvement and restoration, the soil can have flexibility, is beneficial to plant growth, has water absorption, and has excellent water erosion resistance, weathering resistance and freeze-thaw resistance; the soil stabilizer has the advantages that due to the unique light soluble characteristic, the soil stabilizer can play a role in the fields of dry powder spray seeding, plant growing concrete spray seeding, hydraulic spray seeding, pump type wet spraying, granule spray seeding and the like, has better water resistance and alkali resistance, can be applied to the field of soil improvement and restoration, and solves the problems of excessive fiber and organic matter added in the existing soil stabilizer and overhigh cost.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The soil stabilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of trimellitic anhydride, 9-12 parts of corn starch, 15-20 parts of soluble fiber, 0.01-0.03 part of EM (effective microorganisms), 2-3 parts of pH regulator, 10-15 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of cassava starch and 5.5-6.5 parts of allyl alcohol fiber.
2. The soil stabilizer of claim 1 wherein said soil stabilizer is a water soluble powder and has a minimum solidification temperature of no greater than 0 ℃.
3. The soil stabilizer of claim 1, wherein said soil stabilizer is naturally degradable to a humic acid fertilizer.
4. The soil stabilizer of claim 1, wherein said soil stabilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.2-1.9 parts of urea, 3.5-4.7 parts of trimellitic anhydride, 10-11 parts of corn starch, 16-18 parts of soluble fiber, 0.01-0.02 part of EM (effective microorganism) bacteria, 2-2.5 parts of pH regulator, 11-13 parts of hydroxypropyl cellulose, 2-2.6 parts of cassava starch, 5.8-6.2 parts of allyl alcohol fiber and a proper amount of water.
5. A method of making a soil stabilizer according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
1) weighing cassava starch according to a proportion, adding water, uniformly mixing, and then spraying and mixing with soluble fiber, hydroxypropyl cellulose and allyl alcohol fiber to obtain flocculent wet powder;
2) adding corn starch into the flocculent wet powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
3) weighing urea and trimellitic anhydride according to a proportion, adding water, and uniformly mixing to obtain a spray material;
4) and spraying the mixed material, adding a pH regulator to regulate the pH value, adding EM (effective microorganisms) to ferment, drying and crushing to obtain the soil stabilizer.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein said flocculent moist powder has a moisture content of 5-7 wt%.
7. The method of claim 5 wherein said adjusting pH is to 5.8-6.2.
8. The method of claim 5 wherein said fermentation is carried out for a period of 60-80 hours.
9. A soil stabilizer prepared by the method of any one of claims 5-8.
10. Use of a soil stabilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 9 for soil improvement remediation.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1854247A (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-11-01 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Dune-fixing vegetative cover restoring material and its production |
| WO2009059775A2 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Arpadis Deutschland Gmbh | Soil improver and use thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1854247A (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-11-01 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Dune-fixing vegetative cover restoring material and its production |
| WO2009059775A2 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Arpadis Deutschland Gmbh | Soil improver and use thereof |
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