CN111348930A - Porous heat-insulating carbon block made of biomass material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Porous heat-insulating carbon block made of biomass material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111348930A CN111348930A CN202010180038.7A CN202010180038A CN111348930A CN 111348930 A CN111348930 A CN 111348930A CN 202010180038 A CN202010180038 A CN 202010180038A CN 111348930 A CN111348930 A CN 111348930A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
- C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
- C04B35/83—Carbon fibres in a carbon matrix
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B35/6365—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/08—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding porous substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/60—Aspects relating to the preparation, properties or mechanical treatment of green bodies or pre-forms
- C04B2235/606—Drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
Abstract
The invention discloses a porous heat-insulating carbon block made of biomass materials and a preparation method thereof, and solves the technical problems that asphalt or coal tar is used as a binder in the production of carbon blocks, volatile matters of the asphalt or the coal tar have pungent smell, and the production environment is severe. The invention is prepared from the following raw materials: the production method comprises the following steps of taking 50-65 parts by weight of coke powder as aggregate, 5-10 parts by weight of dextrin powder, 5-10 parts by weight of syrup and 15-25 parts by weight of water as binders, and taking 1-5 parts by weight of bamboo fiber and 1-5 parts by weight of cellulose as production auxiliary materials. The binder of the porous carbon brick is dextrin and syrup, and the sugar carbon formed by carbonizing the dextrin and the syrup belongs to porous non-graphitizable carbon, so that the heat insulation performance of the carbon brick is further improved; the excellent high temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance of the carbon material are utilized to produce the heat-insulating material which can be applied to the high-temperature environment with the temperature of more than 2000 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of carbon heat preservation, in particular to a porous heat preservation carbon block made of biomass materials for a blast furnace and an electric furnace and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The existing manufacturers for producing carbon blocks mainly produce lining carbon bricks for blast furnaces and electric furnaces, only pay attention to the heat-conducting property of the carbon bricks during production, and pay little attention to the heat-insulating property of the carbon bricks. Carbon materials are few materials that can withstand temperatures above 2000 ℃, and are less expensive than other insulating materials that can withstand temperatures above 2000 ℃. In the production of the carbon brick, the multi-purpose asphalt or coal tar is used as a binder, volatile matters of the asphalt or coal tar have pungent smell, the production environment is severe, and a large amount of toxic and harmful smoke is generated in the sintering process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that currently, pitch or coal tar is used as a binder, volatile matters of the pitch or the coal tar have pungent smell, and the production environment is severe, and provides a porous heat-insulating carbon block made of biomass materials and a preparation method thereof, wherein the biomass materials are cheap and easy to obtain and are used as the binder, a pore-forming agent and the like, so that the production process is more environment-friendly.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a porous heat-insulating carbon block made of biomass materials is prepared from the following raw materials: the production method comprises the following steps of taking 50-65 parts by weight of coke powder as aggregate, 5-10 parts by weight of dextrin powder, 5-10 parts by weight of syrup and 15-25 parts by weight of water as binders, and taking 1-5 parts by weight of bamboo fiber and 1-5 parts by weight of cellulose as production auxiliary materials. The syrup used in the invention is industrial syrup.
The diameter of the bamboo fiber is 1-2 mm, and the length of the bamboo fiber is 10-20 mm.
A preparation method of porous heat-insulating carbon blocks made of biomass materials comprises the following steps: 1. Heating a kneading pot to 55-75 ℃, and then placing 50-65 parts by weight of coke powder, 1-5 parts by weight of bamboo fiber and 1-5 parts by weight of cellulose in the kneading pot for blending for 30-60 minutes to obtain uniformly mixed matrix powder;
2. adding 5-10 parts by weight of dextrin powder and 5-10 parts by weight of syrup into 15-25 parts by weight of hot water at 80 ℃, fully stirring until no cluster dextrin exists inside, and cooling to 40-60 ℃ to obtain the required binder;
3. adding the binder prepared in the step 2 into the matrix powder mixed in the step 1, and fully mixing in a kneading pot for 30-60 minutes to obtain paste required by production;
4. adding the paste prepared in the step 3 into a press for molding, and drying after molding to obtain a carbon brick green body;
5. and (3) placing the green carbon brick into an inert protective atmosphere to be calcined to 700-1350 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-5h to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
The particle size of the coke powder is less than or equal to 100 meshes.
And (4) adding the paste in the step 4 into a press for molding, drying at room temperature for 24 hours, then putting into an oven, and drying at 80-150 ℃ for 4-10 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body. The staged drying at 80-150 ℃ for 8 hours refers to that drying is carried out in a plurality of temperature stages of 80 ℃, 100 ℃, 120 ℃, 150 ℃ and the like in an oven, the temperature is slowly increased, the drying process of the carbon brick green blank is ensured to be gradual, and the phenomenon that the product quality is influenced due to the excessively severe temperature increase is prevented.
The coke powder has high porosity and belongs to the coke powder which is difficult to graphitize, and the carbon brick is ensured to keep the disorder of the structure after being subjected to high temperature, so that the influence of the graphitization of the carbon material on the thermal conductivity at high temperature is prevented;
the binder of the porous carbon brick is dextrin and syrup, and the sugar charcoal formed after carbonization of the dextrin and the syrup belongs to porous non-graphitizable charcoal, so that the heat insulation performance of the carbon brick is further improved; the aqueous solution of dextrin and syrup which are biomass materials is used as a binder, so that the method is safe and environment-friendly, and the carbonized biomass material is a good pore-forming agent;
the added bamboo fiber can be used as reinforcing aggregate of the carbon block to enhance the strength of the green body, so that the green body is not easy to deform in the drying and calcining processes; the bamboo fiber of the biomass material is used as a reinforcement of the green body, and the material is cheap and easy to obtain, safe and environment-friendly.
The binder used by the porous carbon brick is effective at normal temperature, can be molded at normal temperature, and can adjust the paste by adjusting the amount of added water and properly adding a plasticizer or a lubricant, so that the method can be applied to various molding modes such as extrusion, die pressing and the like.
Dextrin or syrup used as a binder and bamboo fiber used as a reinforcing agent are cheap and easily-obtained biological materials, no environmental pollution is caused during kneading and molding, and smoke generated during roasting has low toxicity and is easy to treat.
The thermal insulation material which can be applied to the high-temperature environment of more than 2000 ℃ is produced by utilizing the excellent high-temperature resistance and thermal shock resistance of the carbon material and reducing the thermal conductivity of the carbon brick in a pore-forming mode.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1. Weighing 55 parts by weight of coke powder below 100 meshes, 5 parts by weight of bamboo fiber with the diameter of 1-2 mm and the length of 10-20 mm and 3 parts by weight of cellulose, adding into a kneading pot, heating to 60 ℃, and stirring for 30 min; the coke powder is metallurgical coke powder.
2. Weighing 25 parts by weight of water, heating to 80 ℃, then weighing 10 parts by weight of dextrin powder and 6 parts by weight of syrup, adding the dextrin powder and the syrup into hot water, stirring by using a stirrer until the dextrin is not agglomerated inside, and cooling to 50 ℃ to obtain a binder;
3. adding the binder prepared in the step 2 into the matrix powder mixed in the step 1, and fully mixing in a kneading pot for 30-60 minutes to obtain paste required by production;
4. taking the paste prepared in the step 3 out of the pot, adding the paste into a press for forming, drying the paste at room temperature for 24 hours after forming, putting the paste into an oven, and drying the paste at 80-150 ℃ for 8 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body;
5. and (3) placing the green carbon brick into an inert protective atmosphere to be calcined to the temperature of 700-850 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-5h to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
The comparison result of the main parameters and the row standard (YB/T141-1998) of the porous heat-preservation carbon block prepared in the embodiment is shown in the table 1:
table 1 shows the main parameters and row standard (YB/T141) of the porous heat-insulating carbon block prepared in this example
1998) comparative results Table
| Detecting items | Unit of | National standard value | Measured value |
| True density (not less) | g/cm3 | 1.90 | 1.95 |
| Bulk density (not less) | g/cm3 | 1.54 | 1.62 |
| Compressive strength (not less) | MPa | 36 | 34 |
| Apparent porosity (not greater than) | ％ | 18 | 18 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the carbon brick prepared by the embodiment has the performance parameters of true density, volume density and compressive strength higher than the industry standard value, and the apparent porosity lower than the industry standard value, so that the main performance parameters of the carbon fiber reinforced porous heat-insulating carbon block prepared by the invention are superior to the industry standard value.
Example 2
1. Weighing 65 parts by weight of coke powder below 100 meshes, 5 parts by weight of bamboo fiber with the diameter of 1-2 mm and the length of 10-20 mm and 5 parts by weight of cellulose, adding into a kneading pot, heating to 60 ℃, and stirring for 30 min; the coke powder is metallurgical coke powder.
2. Weighing 25 parts by weight of water, heating to 80 ℃, then weighing 10 parts by weight of dextrin powder and 10 parts by weight of syrup, adding the dextrin powder and the syrup into hot water, stirring by using a stirrer until the dextrin is not agglomerated inside, and cooling to 50 ℃ to obtain a binder;
3. adding the binder prepared in the step 2 into the matrix powder mixed in the step 1, and fully mixing in a kneading pot for 60 minutes to obtain paste required by production;
4. taking the paste prepared in the step 3 out of the pot, adding the paste into a press for forming, drying the paste at room temperature for 24 hours, then putting the paste into an oven, and drying the paste at 150 ℃ for 8 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body;
5. and (3) putting the carbon brick green body into an inert protective atmosphere, calcining to 1350 ℃, and preserving heat for 1h to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
Example 3
1. Weighing 50 parts by weight of coke powder below 100 meshes, 1 part by weight of bamboo fiber with the diameter of 1-2 mm and the length of 10-20 mm and 1 part by weight of cellulose, adding the mixture into a kneading pot, heating to 60 ℃, and stirring for 30 min; the coke powder is metallurgical coke powder.
2. Weighing 15 parts by weight of water, heating to 80 ℃, then weighing 5 parts by weight of dextrin powder and 5 parts by weight of syrup, adding the dextrin powder and the syrup into hot water, stirring by using a stirrer until the dextrin is not agglomerated inside, and cooling to 50 ℃ to obtain a binder;
3. adding the binder prepared in the step 2 into the matrix powder mixed in the step 1, and fully mixing in a kneading pot for 30 minutes to obtain paste required by production;
4. taking the paste prepared in the step 3 out of the pot, adding the paste into a press for forming, drying the paste at room temperature for 24 hours, then putting the paste into an oven, and drying the paste at 80 ℃ for 8 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body;
5. and (3) putting the green carbon brick into an inert protective atmosphere to calcine to 700 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-5h to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
Example 4
1. Weighing 60 parts by weight of coke powder below 100 meshes, 3 parts by weight of bamboo fiber with the diameter of 1-2 mm and the length of 10-20 mm and 3 parts by weight of cellulose, adding into a kneading pot, heating to 60 ℃, and stirring for 30 min; the coke powder is metallurgical coke powder.
2. Weighing 20 parts by weight of water, heating to 80 ℃, then weighing 8 parts by weight of dextrin powder and 8 parts by weight of syrup, adding the dextrin powder and the syrup into hot water, stirring by using a stirrer until the dextrin is not agglomerated inside, and cooling to 50 ℃ to obtain a binder;
3. adding the binder prepared in the step 2 into the matrix powder mixed in the step 1, and fully mixing in a kneading pot for 50 minutes to obtain paste required by production;
4. taking the paste prepared in the step 3 out of the pot, adding the paste into a press for forming, drying the paste at room temperature for 24 hours, then putting the paste into an oven, and drying the paste at 100 ℃ for 8 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body;
5. and (3) putting the green carbon brick into an inert protective atmosphere to calcine to 850 ℃, and preserving heat for 3h to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
Example 5
1. Weighing 60 parts by weight of coke powder below 100 meshes, 4 parts by weight of bamboo fiber with the diameter of 1-2 mm and the length of 10-20 mm and 3 parts by weight of cellulose, adding into a kneading pot, heating to 60 ℃, and stirring for 30 min; the coke powder is metallurgical coke powder.
2. Weighing 18 parts by weight of water, heating to 80 ℃, then weighing 8 parts by weight of dextrin powder and 9 parts by weight of syrup, adding the dextrin powder and the syrup into hot water, stirring by using a stirrer until the dextrin is not agglomerated inside, and cooling to 50 ℃ to obtain a binder;
3. adding the binder prepared in the step 2 into the matrix powder mixed in the step 1, and fully mixing in a kneading pot for 40 minutes to obtain paste required by production;
4. taking the paste prepared in the step 3 out of the pot, adding the paste into a press for forming, drying the paste at room temperature for 24 hours, then putting the paste into an oven, and drying the paste at 90 ℃ for 8 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body;
5. and (3) putting the green carbon brick into an inert protective atmosphere to calcine to 1000 ℃, and preserving heat for 2h to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
Claims (5)
1. A porous heat preservation charcoal piece of biomass material preparation which characterized in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials: the production method comprises the following steps of taking 50-65 parts by weight of coke powder as aggregate, 5-10 parts by weight of dextrin powder, 5-10 parts by weight of syrup and 15-25 parts by weight of water as binders, and taking 1-5 parts by weight of bamboo fiber and 1-5 parts by weight of cellulose as production auxiliary materials.
2. The porous heat-insulating carbon block made of biomass materials according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the diameter of the bamboo fiber is 1-2 mm, and the length of the bamboo fiber is 10-20 mm.
3. The method for preparing the porous heat-insulating carbon block made of the biomass material according to any one of claims 1 to 2, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: 1. heating a kneading pot to 55-75 ℃, and then placing 50-65 parts by weight of coke powder, 1-5 parts by weight of bamboo fiber and 1-5 parts by weight of cellulose in the kneading pot for blending for 30-60 minutes to obtain uniformly mixed matrix powder;
2. adding 5-10 parts by weight of dextrin powder and 5-10 parts by weight of syrup into 15-25 parts by weight of hot water at 80 ℃, fully stirring until no cluster dextrin exists inside, and cooling to 40-60 ℃ to obtain the required binder;
3. adding the binder prepared in the step 2 into the matrix powder mixed in the step 1, and fully mixing in a kneading pot for 30-60 minutes to obtain paste required by production;
4. adding the paste prepared in the step 3 into a press for molding, and drying after molding to obtain a carbon brick green body;
5. and (3) placing the green carbon brick into an inert protective atmosphere to be calcined to 700-1350 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-5h to obtain the porous heat-preservation carbon brick.
4. The method for preparing porous heat-insulating carbon blocks according to claim 3, characterized in that: the particle size of the coke powder is less than or equal to 100 meshes.
5. The method for preparing porous heat-insulating carbon blocks according to claim 3, characterized in that: and (4) adding the paste in the step 4 into a press for molding, drying at room temperature for 24 hours, then putting into an oven, and drying at 80-150 ℃ for 4-10 hours in stages to obtain a carbon brick green body.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1070389A (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1993-03-31 | 冶金工业部武汉钢铁设计研究院 | Light carbon brick |
| CN101698945A (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2010-04-28 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Carbon-fiber reinforced cathode carbon block and preparation method thereof |
| CN102924103A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-13 | 四川广汉士达炭素股份有限公司 | Carbon brick, and production method and application of carbon brick |
| CN108863369A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-23 | 江苏中商碳素研究院有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly type graphitization product and its production method |
| CN109456079A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-12 | 宁夏宁平炭素有限责任公司 | The preparation method of mineral hot furnace thermal-insulating type micropore electric furnace carbon block |
| JP2019157073A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-19 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | Manufacturing method of caking additive for producing coke |
-
2020
- 2020-03-13 CN CN202010180038.7A patent/CN111348930A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1070389A (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1993-03-31 | 冶金工业部武汉钢铁设计研究院 | Light carbon brick |
| CN101698945A (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2010-04-28 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Carbon-fiber reinforced cathode carbon block and preparation method thereof |
| CN102924103A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-13 | 四川广汉士达炭素股份有限公司 | Carbon brick, and production method and application of carbon brick |
| JP2019157073A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-19 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | Manufacturing method of caking additive for producing coke |
| CN108863369A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-23 | 江苏中商碳素研究院有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly type graphitization product and its production method |
| CN109456079A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-12 | 宁夏宁平炭素有限责任公司 | The preparation method of mineral hot furnace thermal-insulating type micropore electric furnace carbon block |
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Effective date of registration: 20210809 Address after: 475000 Dong Jiao Bian Cun, Shunhe District, Kaifeng City, Henan Province Applicant after: Kaifeng Pingmei new carbon material technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 475000 Dongjiao Xiangbian village, Shunhe District, Kaifeng City, Henan Province Applicant before: Henan Kaitan new material design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd. |
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