CN109456079B - Preparation method of heat-preservation type microporous electric furnace carbon block for submerged arc furnace - Google Patents
Preparation method of heat-preservation type microporous electric furnace carbon block for submerged arc furnace Download PDFInfo
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- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
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Abstract
A preparation method of a heat preservation type microporous electric furnace carbon block comprises the steps of raw material preparation, proportioning, dry mixing, wet mixing, molding and roasting, wherein the dry mixing operation comprises the steps of firstly adding metallurgical coke into a kneading pot, then adding calcined anthracite, silicon carbide and silicon powder into the kneading pot, starting stirring, and stirring dry powder materials until the dry powder materials are uniformly mixed; adding a binder and monoglyceride into the dry powder in the kneading pot, continuously stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to form paste, taking the paste out of the pot, cooling the paste, injecting the cooled paste into a forming die, extruding the paste by using a hydraulic press to form green carbon blocks, and cooling the green carbon blocks in water at 0-40 ℃ for more than 3 hours to form a shape; roasting to form a microporous carbon block; the metallurgical coke is added into the raw materials in a manner of being premixed with the raw materials and molded, so that the metallurgical coke can be uniformly distributed in the carbon block, and the thermal conductivity of the carbon block is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon block preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a heat-preservation type microporous electric furnace carbon block for a submerged arc furnace.
Background
The electric furnace carbon block for the ore-smelting furnace has higher porosity, the average pore diameter is more than 2 mu m, and the anti-scouring and anti-molten iron permeability is weaker than that of the microporous carbon block. The existing research shows that the permeability of molten iron is increased along with the large pore diameter of the air hole, and the molten iron with the micro-pores of less than 1 mu m cannot permeate the air hole.
In order to meet the heat preservation requirement of a furnace body, the thermal conductivity of the used carbon block is generally not more than (room temperature) 5.0W/(m.K), but the microporous carbon block with the average pore diameter smaller than 1 mu m in the current market is mainly used for a blast furnace with a water-cooled wall, the heat conductivity coefficient (room temperature) is more than 9.0W/(m.K), and when the carbon block is used for the submerged arc furnace needing heat preservation, the furnace body temperature is quickly lost for the first time, and energy is not saved; secondly, because the heat conductivity of the carbon blocks is good, the temperature of the high-alumina bricks below the carbon blocks can be raised by the heat transmission of the hearth, and the temperature exceeds the refractoriness under load of the bricks, so that furnace body deformation, iron infiltration and furnace leakage bottom penetration accidents are caused. The existing microporous carbon blocks with high thermal conductivity cannot be directly used in the submerged arc furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
It is necessary to provide a preparation method of the heat preservation type microporous electric furnace carbon block for the submerged arc furnace.
A preparation method of a heat preservation type microporous electric furnace carbon block for a submerged arc furnace comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials: calcining anthracite coal at low temperature to obtain low-temperature calcined anthracite coal;
preparing materials: preparing low-temperature calcined anthracite, silicon carbide, silicon powder, metallurgical coke, a binder and monoglyceride according to a proportion;
dry mixing: adding metallurgical coke, calcined anthracite, silicon carbide and silicon powder into a kneading pot, starting stirring to stir the dry powder until the dry powder is uniformly mixed;
wet mixing: adding the binder and the monoglyceride into the dry powder in the kneading pot, and continuously stirring until the binder and the monoglyceride are uniformly mixed to form paste;
molding: taking the paste out of the pot, airing the paste to 110-120 ℃, injecting the cooled paste into a forming die, extruding the paste by using a hydraulic press to form a green carbon block, and then placing the green carbon block into water at 0-40 ℃ for cooling for more than 3 hours for shaping;
and (5) roasting to form the microporous carbon block.
The metallurgical coke with lower thermal conductivity and the low-temperature calcined anthracite are added into the raw materials, and the raw materials are mixed in advance for molding, so that the metallurgical coke can be uniformly distributed in the carbon block, and the thermal conductivity of the carbon block is reduced.
This is different from the carbon brick used in the blast furnace, for example, the carbon brick in the patent with application number 201210489801x is suitable for blast furnace smelting, which requires microporous, high thermal conductivity carbon brick, and is determined by the structure of the blast furnace, the wall of the blast furnace includes an inner carbon brick layer and an outer water-cooling jacket layer, when smelting, the temperature of the high-temperature molten iron is transferred to the water-cooling jacket layer by the carbon brick layer with high thermal conductivity, and is rapidly chilled by the water-cooling jacket layer to form a metal liquid shell, which surrounds the furnace body to form protection against heat, so the raw material in the carbon brick of the blast furnace uses anthracite coal with high thermal conductivity and high temperature treatment The heat insulating property is good, in order to prolong the service life of the carbon brick and avoid the scouring and corrosion of molten iron to the carbon brick, the aperture of the carbon brick is small, and the microporous carbon brick is formed.
In addition, the high-temperature calcined anthracite is used as the raw material of the carbon brick for the blast furnace, the internal organization structure of the anthracite after high-temperature calcination is graphitized, the heat conductivity of the anthracite is higher, the carbon in the anthracite after low-temperature calcination is not graphitized due to lower calcination temperature, the low-temperature calcination is used for volatilizing ash content in the coal, and the organization form of the carbon is not graphitized, so the heat conductivity of the carbon brick is lower, and the self heat preservation performance is good.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a heat-preservation type microporous electric furnace carbon block for a submerged arc furnace, which comprises the following steps:
preparing raw materials: the anthracite is calcined at low temperature to obtain low-temperature calcined anthracite with low thermal conductivity;
preparing materials: preparing calcined anthracite, silicon carbide, silicon powder, metallurgical coke, a binder and monoglyceride according to a proportion;
dry mixing: adding metallurgical coke, calcined anthracite, silicon carbide and silicon powder into a kneading pot, starting stirring to stir the dry powder until the dry powder is uniformly mixed, wherein the stirring temperature is 130 ℃, and the stirring time is 30 minutes.
Wet mixing: adding the binder and the monoglyceride into the dry powder in the kneading pot, and continuously stirring until the binder and the monoglyceride are uniformly mixed to form paste;
molding: taking the paste out of the pot, airing the paste to 110-120 ℃, injecting the cooled paste into a forming die, extruding the paste by using a hydraulic press to form a green carbon block, and then placing the green carbon block into water at 0-40 ℃ for cooling for more than 3 hours for shaping; wherein, during molding, a hydraulic press is used for vacuum-pumping vibration molding of the paste.
And (5) roasting to form the microporous carbon block.
In the prior art for preparing carbon blocks, anthracite and artificial graphite are calcined at high temperature, so that the heat conductivity coefficient (room temperature) of the carbon block is more than 9.0W/(m.K) and the aim of the invention can not be achieved; the low-temperature calcined anthracite and metallurgical coke added in the technology have the advantage of low thermal conductivity, so that the thermal conductivity of the carbon block is low, and when the carbon block is used for the bottom or side wall of the submerged arc furnace, the heat insulation performance is good, the heat insulation performance of molten iron in the furnace body is good, and the heat loss is small. The function of adding silicon carbide in the ingredients is as follows: after the silicon carbide is added, the strength and the density of the carbon brick can be improved, the alkali resistance of the carbon brick can also be improved, the average pore diameter tends to be reduced, and pores with the diameter of more than 1 mu m are reduced.
Action of monoglyceride: the surfactant can reduce the dosage of the adhesive, improve the coking value of the adhesive and reduce the average pore diameter of the carbon brick.
Firing was performed according to the curve process of table 1 below.
TABLE 1
| Phases | Temperature range (. degree.C.) | Temperature rise rate (DEG C/h) | Duration (h) |
| 1 | Room temperature-300 deg.c | Not more than 5 | Not less than 60 |
| 2 | 300-600 | Not more than 1 | Not less than 300 |
| 3 | 600-1200 | Not more than 3 | Not less than 240 |
| 4 | 1320 | Heat preservation | Not less than 48 |
In the above table, the heat preservation time is not less than 48 hours at 1320 ℃, at this time, the metal silicon powder and carbon react to generate SiC, the generated SiC can fill the pores of the carbon bricks, the pore diameter of the sintered block is reduced, and the molten iron penetration resistance of the carbon bricks is improved.
The anthracite is used after being calcined at low temperature, and the calcining temperature is 1100-1320 ℃.
Further, the operation of the dry mixing step may further be: firstly adding metallurgical coke into a kneading pot, then adding calcined anthracite, silicon carbide and silicon powder into the kneading pot, starting stirring to stir the dry powder until the dry powder is uniformly mixed, wherein the stirring temperature is 130 ℃, and the stirring time is 30 minutes; in the step, the metallurgical coke is added into a pot, and then other dry powder materials are added into the metallurgical coke to be mixed, so that the metallurgical coke is mixed more uniformly, which is different from other modes, for example, all the dry powder materials are added into the pot to be mixed synchronously; or adding other dry powder and then adding metallurgical coke.
In the prior art for preparing carbon blocks, metallurgical coke is adopted, but the mode of adding the metallurgical coke is that the metallurgical coke is added into a die after a block of a carbon block green product is pressed and molded, so that the metallurgical coke cannot enter the inside of the block, and the aim of the invention cannot be achieved.
Further, the raw materials in the batching step are proportioned according to the following weight percentage: 40-47% of calcined anthracite; 12-16% of silicon carbide; 3.5 to 7 percent of silicon powder; 9-16% of metallurgical coke; 16-20% of adhesive; 2 percent of monoglyceride.
Further, the particle size of each raw material is as follows: 0-12mm of calcined anthracite; silicon carbide 100-300 mesh; 100 meshes of silicon and 300 meshes of silicon; the metallurgical coke has a size of 100 meshes and 300 meshes.
Further, a negative pressure suction force of not less than-0.8 MPa is applied to the paste charged into the molding die to perform negative pressure suction while pressing the paste. The mould is also arranged on a vibration table to realize vibration, negative pressure suction and molding at the same time. The method is adopted for pressing, so that the air holes in the carbon block are few, the formed gaps in the carbon block are very small, and the microporous carbon block is formed.
Further, in the molding step, the paste is injected into the molding die in a batch manner, and the batch addition specifically comprises the following operations: the paste material injected into the mould each time is 1/5-1/3 of the total paste material, after each batch of paste material is injected into the mould, the paste material is compacted by a hydraulic machine, after the paste material of the last batch is injected into the mould, the paste material is compacted by the hydraulic machine for the last time, and when the compaction operation of the hydraulic machine is carried out after each batch of paste material is injected, the paste material in the mould is sucked under negative pressure.
Feeding in batches and compacting in batches to avoid large bubbles remaining in the carbon block and further form large air holes.
Further, the compaction pressure of the hydraulic machine adopted after each batch of paste before the last batch is injected is smaller than that of the hydraulic machine adopted after the paste of the last batch is injected.
The pressure of the last batch of paste is determined by the strength requirement of the carbon block, e.g., 20MPa, and the compaction pressure of each previous batch of paste is lower, e.g., 10MPa, to expel the larger bubbles inside the paste in advance, and finally to compact with higher pressure to form a microporous carbon block.
Further, the mould is a square mould, negative pressure holes are formed in the bottom and the side wall of the mould, fine-meshed metal nets are covered on the surfaces of the negative pressure holes, and the negative pressure holes are connected with an external negative pressure system to form negative pressure suction pressure inside the mould.
The modules or units in the device of the embodiment of the invention can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a heat preservation type microporous electric furnace carbon block is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing raw materials: calcining anthracite coal at low temperature to obtain calcined anthracite coal, wherein the calcining temperature is 1100-;
preparing materials: preparing calcined anthracite, silicon carbide, silicon powder, metallurgical coke, a binder and monoglyceride according to a proportion;
dry mixing: adding metallurgical coke, calcined anthracite, silicon carbide and silicon powder into a kneading pot, starting stirring to stir dry powder materials to be uniformly mixed, wherein in the step, the metallurgical coke is firstly added into the kneading pot, and then other dry powder materials are added into the metallurgical coke to be mixed;
wet mixing: adding the binder and the monoglyceride into the dry powder in the kneading pot, and continuously stirring until the binder and the monoglyceride are uniformly mixed to form paste;
molding: taking the paste out of the pot, airing the paste to 110-120 ℃, injecting the cooled paste into a forming die, extruding the paste by using a hydraulic press to form a green carbon block, and then placing the green carbon block into water at 0-40 ℃ for cooling for more than 3 hours for shaping;
roasting to form a microporous carbon block;
in the molding step, the paste is injected into the molding die in a batch manner, and the batch addition specifically comprises the following operations: the paste material injected into the mold each time is 1/5-1/3 of the total paste material, after each batch of paste material is injected into the mold, the paste material is compacted by a hydraulic machine, after the last batch of paste material is injected into the mold, the paste material is compacted by the hydraulic machine for the last time, and when the compaction operation of the hydraulic machine is carried out after each batch of paste material is injected, the paste material in the mold is sucked under negative pressure;
and the compaction pressure of the hydraulic machine adopted after each batch of paste before the last batch is injected is less than that of the hydraulic machine adopted after the paste of the last batch is injected.
2. The method for preparing the heat-preservation microporous electric furnace carbon block as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the raw materials in the batching step are proportioned according to the following weight percentage: 40-47% of calcined anthracite; 12-16% of silicon carbide; 3.5 to 7 percent of silicon powder; 9-16% of metallurgical coke; 16-20% of adhesive; 2 percent of monoglyceride.
3. The method for preparing the heat-preservation microporous electric furnace carbon block as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the granularity of each raw material is as follows: 0-12mm of calcined anthracite; silicon carbide 100-300 mesh; 100 meshes of silicon and 300 meshes of silicon; the metallurgical coke has a size of 100 meshes and 300 meshes.
4. The method for preparing the heat-preservation microporous electric furnace carbon block as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the mould is a square mould, negative pressure holes are formed in the bottom and the side wall of the mould, fine-meshed metal nets are covered on the surfaces of the negative pressure holes, and the negative pressure holes are connected with an external negative pressure system so as to form negative pressure suction pressure inside the mould.
5. The method for preparing the heat-preservation microporous electric furnace carbon block according to claim 1, wherein the roasting process comprises the following steps:
heating the molded green carbon block to 300 ℃ at a heating rate of not more than 5 ℃/h;
then heating to 600 ℃ according to the heating rate of not more than 1 ℃/h;
then heating to 1320 ℃ according to the heating rate not more than 3 ℃/h;
and (5) preserving the temperature of the carbon block for at least 48h to form the microporous carbon block.
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| CN111348930A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-30 | 河南开炭新材料设计研究院有限公司 | Porous heat-insulating carbon block made of biomass material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112194489A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-08 | 宁夏宁平炭素有限责任公司 | Production method of carbon block for large-section submerged arc furnace |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0155230A1 (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1985-09-18 | Schweizerische Aluminium Ag | Carbon mass and process for its production |
| CN1056721A (en) * | 1991-06-18 | 1991-12-04 | 崔学礼 | Aluminium electrolytic tank wall inside filler charcoal block |
| CN1683279A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-19 | 兰州海龙新材料科技股份有限公司 | Soper microporous carbon brick for furnace lining and its producing method |
| CN104649263A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-05-27 | 山西亮宇炭素有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon-graphite composite material |
| CN105025602A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-04 | 河北联冠电极股份有限公司 | Carbon nanometer ultramicro material large carbon electrode and preparation method thereof |
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2018
- 2018-12-29 CN CN201811637923.2A patent/CN109456079B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0155230A1 (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1985-09-18 | Schweizerische Aluminium Ag | Carbon mass and process for its production |
| CN1056721A (en) * | 1991-06-18 | 1991-12-04 | 崔学礼 | Aluminium electrolytic tank wall inside filler charcoal block |
| CN1683279A (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-10-19 | 兰州海龙新材料科技股份有限公司 | Soper microporous carbon brick for furnace lining and its producing method |
| CN104649263A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-05-27 | 山西亮宇炭素有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon-graphite composite material |
| CN105025602A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-11-04 | 河北联冠电极股份有限公司 | Carbon nanometer ultramicro material large carbon electrode and preparation method thereof |
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